BACKGROUND
This disclosure relates to a bore cleaning device operable to clean a bore of a firearm, and, more particularly, to a disposable ballistic barrel cleaning shell which cleans a bore of a barrel when fired.
Shotguns, long guns, handguns, and other firearms are well known tools and recreational instruments. Best practice includes cleaning firearm and ballistic barrels regularly in order to keep the gun in the best condition possible for accurate shooting. One of the main components of a firearm that may be cleaned is a bore of the barrel. In fact, the bore may be cleaned after each use; which may be a bothersome and time-consuming task. Because of this, firearm owners may not clean their firearm bores.
SUMMARY
An apparatus comprising a bore cleaning device operable to clean a bore of a firearm is provided. The apparatus includes a cylindrical cleaning pad including a periphery portion including a radial outer surface of the cylindrical cleaning pad, a center portion including a remainder of the cylindrical cleaning pad contained radially within the periphery portion, and a compression expansion cut disposed in the center portion and extending from a first flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad to a center of the cylindrical cleaning pad. The apparatus further includes a propellant located in a bore-rearward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad providing a force to push the cleaning pad down the bore of the firearm and a payload located in a bore-forward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut extends from the first flat end to a second distal flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut terminates at the center of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut forms a cross shape upon the first flat end.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut forms an asterisk shape upon the first flat end.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut forms a three intersecting line segment shape upon the first flat end.
In some embodiments, the cylindrical cleaning pad further includes a plurality of parallel compression expansion cuts.
In some embodiments, the cylindrical cleaning pad further includes a perpendicular compression expansion cuts perpendicular to the parallel compression expansion cuts.
In some embodiments, the cylindrical cleaning pad further includes a cylindrical cavity extending from a second distal flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad to the center of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cut is operable to enable the cylindrical cleaning pad to expand radially when compressive forces are applied to the first flat end and the second flat end.
According to one alternative embodiment, an apparatus including a bore cleaning device operable to clean a bore of a firearm is provided. The apparatus includes a cylindrical cleaning pad including a periphery portion including a radial outer surface of the cylindrical cleaning pad, a center portion including a remainder of the cylindrical cleaning pad contained radially within the periphery portion, and a compression expansion cut disposed in the center portion and extending from a first flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad to a second distal flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad. The apparatus further includes a propellant located in a bore-rearward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad providing a force to push the cleaning pad down the bore of the firearm and a payload located in a bore-forward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad. In this embodiment, the compression expansion cut forms a cross shape upon the first flat end, and the compression expansion cut is operable to enable the cylindrical cleaning pad to expand radially when compressive forces are applied to the first flat end and the second flat end.
According to one alternative embodiment, an apparatus including a bore cleaning device operable to clean a bore of a firearm. The apparatus includes a cylindrical cleaning pad including a periphery portion including a radial outer surface of the cylindrical cleaning pad, a center portion including a remainder of the cylindrical cleaning pad contained radially within the periphery portion, and a plurality of parallel compression expansion cuts disposed in the center portion and extending from a first flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad to a center of the cylindrical cleaning pad. The apparatus further includes a propellant located in a bore-rearward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad providing a force to push the cleaning pad down the bore of the firearm, and a payload located in a bore-forward position of the cylindrical cleaning pad. In this embodiment, the compression expansion cut is operable to enable the cylindrical cleaning pad to expand radially when compressive forces are applied to the first flat end and a second flat end.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cuts extend from the first flat end to a second distal flat end of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the compression expansion cuts terminate at the center of the cylindrical cleaning pad.
In some embodiments, the cylindrical cleaning pad further includes a perpendicular compression expansion cuts perpendicular to the parallel compression expansion cuts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
One or more embodiments will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates cleaning materials of the cleaning shell of FIG. 1 in an exploded perspective view, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 3A illustrates in perspective view a cleaning pad of the cleaning shell of FIG. 1 in detail, including exemplary stitch patterns that may be used to create or reinforce the pad material, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 3B illustrates in a top view the cleaning pad of FIG. 3A, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate components of the cleaning shell of FIG. 1 within bore or a barrel, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 4A shows the components before an exemplary firing event in cross-section;
FIG. 4B shows the components immediately after the firing event in cross-section;
FIG. 4C shows the components being propelled down the bore in cross-section;
FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate exemplary distortion and compression forces acting on a cleaning pad of the cleaning shell of FIG. 1, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 6A illustrates in an exploded view an additional exemplary embodiment of cleaning materials that may be utilized within a cleaning shell, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 6B illustrates in schematic sectional view the cleaning materials of FIG. 6A being propelled down a bore of a barrel, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 6C illustrates the cleaning materials of FIG. 6A loaded into a brass case that may be used within a handgun, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary cleaning pad with a bore-forward cavity, which may be filled with a spherical ball filled with cleaning solution, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary cleaning pad with a bore-rearward cavity, which may be filled with a spherical ball filled with air or constructed as a solid polymerized ball, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 illustrates an alternative exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, wherein a bore-forward weight includes a slug, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, the shell comprising a handgun shell and wherein a bore-forward weight includes a bullet, in accordance with the present disclosure; and
FIG. 12 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, wherein the shell comprising a rifle shell and the casing including a cylindrical inner surface, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view, wherein the shell comprising a rifle shell and the casing including a cylinder inserted within the casing, with components of the cleaning shell being fit within the cylinder, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 14 schematically illustrates in perspective view an exemplary alternative cylindrical cleaning pad that may be used with cleaning shells, the cylindrical cleaning pad including a compression expansion cut through a longitudinal center of the cylindrical cleaning pad, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 schematically illustrates the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 under compression in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut providing separation through the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical cleaning pad and enabling improved radial expansion of the cylindrical cleaning pad, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 16 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including an asterisk shape, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 17 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including a three intersecting line segment shape, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 18 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape in a top portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad and the cylindrical cleaning pad further including a cylindrical cavity formed in a bottom portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 19 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in side view, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape in a top portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad and with a bottom portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad being intact without a compression expansion cut, in accordance with the present disclosure; and
FIG. 20 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cuts including parallel compression expansion cuts, in accordance with the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In many ballistic barrels, a shell or casing is loaded directly into a breach portion of a bore of the barrel. Firing rounds leaves residue and debris on the bore surface. This residue and debris may build up through extended and repeated use without appropriate cleaning. When cleaning, a ballistic barrel cleaning shell or bullet may be loaded into the bore. A user may then actuate a trigger on the firearm to fire the ballistic barrel cleaning shell or bullet. The firing of the cleaning shell or bullet allows cleaning material to be moved through the bore in a compressed state, as will be discussed in more detail below.
As opposed to other shoot-through bore cleaning devices utilizing a rigid frame to transmit force from a lower charge cap to a bore-forward cup containing a weight, a cleaning shell is disclosed which imparts a compressive, motive force through a stack of cleaning materials to a bore-forward cup containing a weight. While embodiment utilizing a frame may create an outward radial force by flexing or deforming the frame, some of the compressive force applied to the cleaning materials is used or wasted upon bending the frame. By utilizing a frameless configuration, utilizing a stack of cleaning materials without a frame to transmit force to a bore-forward cup, the disclosed device may maximize compressive force that is used to deform the cleaning materials and create and outward, radial force through the cleaning materials upon the bore.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating certain exemplary embodiments and not for the purpose of limiting the same, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell. FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell 10 in a cross-sectional side view. FIG. 2 illustrates cleaning materials 100 of cleaning shell 10 in an exploded perspective view. The cleaning shell 10 may be sized to fit different standard gauges of ballistic barrels, such as 10 gauge, 12 gauge, 16 gauge, 20 gauge, 28 gauge, and 410 gauge shotguns, although it is contemplated that the cleaning shell 10 may be sized for smaller gauge firearms such as a handgun. Likewise, the cleaning shell 10 may be sized and adapted for larger ballistic barrels such as artillery barrels.
In this embodiment, the cleaning shell 10 includes a case 12 formed in the shape of a standard gauge shell sized and adapted to hold the cleaning materials 100. In one embodiment, the case 12 is a hollow cylinder with open ends. The case 12 may be formed from any material which may withstand the energy to be applied to it when fired. In one embodiment, the case 12 is formed using a transparent or semi-transparent polymer, in order to allow the user to see what is contained within the case 12.
A first end 11 of the case 12 is preferably attached to a brass end cap 14. In various embodiments, the brass end cap 14 may be formed from any other metallic or non-metallic material which may perform its function while withstanding the force from firing the cleaning shell 10. Brass end cap 14 includes primer 19 operable to provide a spark to propellant 21 within cleaning shell 10 when struck by a firing pin within a firearm. Propellant 21 may include gunpowder or any chemical agent that may explosively expand, thereby providing a propellant force to push cleaning materials 100 down the bore of the firearm. Alternative embodiments could alternatively include springs, compressed air or any other device which could be used to propel the cleaning materials 100 of cleaning shell 10 through the bore of the barrel. In one embodiment, propellant 21 may be augmented or replaced by an oversized primer charge. The opposite end 13 of the case 12 is closed by crimping closed or folding inward sidewall portions of the case 12. Various other closing techniques, as available in the art, may be applied to close the case 12 consistent with the disclosure herein.
In one embodiment, the cleaning materials 100 may include fibrous cup 102, payload 104, first cleaning pad 106, first disc 108, second cleaning pad 110, and second disc 112. First disc 108 and second disc 112 may be constructed of a rubberized material, a polymerized material, or any other material that may act as a wiper as it is propelled down the bore. In another embodiment, one of the discs may act as a gas seal, acting as a barrier between the propellant and the cleaning materials. In one embodiment, second disc 112 may be constructed of nylon to act as the gas seal and first disc 108 may be constructed of rubber to optimize cleaning ability. Cup 102 and payload 104 included therein are provided for the purpose of providing back pressure to cleaning materials 100 as they are propelled down the bore of the firearm.
Cylindrically shaped cleaning pads and discs may include a solid core, meaning that the items may include a solid, unified cylindrical shape, an integral central portion, or a core without a hollow portion, with such a shape facilitating the cleaning materials evenly transmitting force from the propellant to a bore-forward weight. Further, the solid core of the cylindrically shaped cleaning materials ensures that compression of the cleaning material causes the material to expand radially outward instead of expanding inwardly into a hollow core.
The fibrous cup 102 may be formed of fibrous paper or thin pulp.
Preferably, the material is a high temperature resistant material. In the assembled state, the cup 102 is filled with the payload 104. The payload 104 may overflow the cup 102 in various configurations within the case 12.
The payload 104 are preferably dense granular beads. The payload 104 may be formed from one or more exemplary materials including, e.g., lead, zinc, iron, copper. In some embodiments, a metallic or ceramic paste may be used. In one embodiment, the pellets are lead spheres. In one embodiment, the payload 104 are sand granules. Payload 104 starts in a resting state within fibrous cup 102. In one embodiment, as propellant 21 forces the materials down the bore, payload 104 resists acceleration and press backwards against a base of fibrous cup 102. This compression or deformation of payload 104 is created by the inertial forces inherent to the dense material when accelerated. This deformation then pushes in a radially outward direction, pressing the fibrous cup 102 against the inner surface of the bore of the barrel. This radially outward force against the cup 102 forces the fibrous material of the cup to create intimate contact with the bore, such that the fibrous material scrubs and loosens debris from the inner surface of the bore.
The first and second cleaning pads 106 and 110, respectively, are, in one embodiment, fibrous cylindrically shaped pads. Cleaning pads 106 and 110 may include solid cores or cores without cavities, such that an entirety of the motive/compressive force applied to the cleaning materials is used to compress the cleaning materials. The cleaning pads 106 and 110 may be formed of one or more of many different material types including e.g., cotton waste, coarse felt material, hard carbon laced polymers, wool, steel or other metallic wool, Scotch Bright® or other suitable material, with or without oil, or an abrasive. In one embodiment, the material is dense, strong, hard material that scrubs the bore and removes glazing, firing powder residue from via application of pressure and rough-edged strands of the material to scrape away residue.
Generally, it is preferable that the material be fairly homogenous so that distortion and compression forces are applied fairly evenly when fired through the barrel and bore. In various embodiments, the material is operable to absorb and hold a bore cleaning fluid. In various embodiments, the material is compressed into a cylindrical shape.
In one embodiment, the first and second cleaning pads 106 and 110 are formed of different materials. In this way, they may serve different cleaning purposes with traversing the bore. For example, the first cleaning pad 106 may function to loosen residue or debris, while the second cleaning pad 110 may function to absorb the residue or debris. In one embodiment, the first cleaning pad 106 is intended as a scrubber-type material, while the second cleaning pad 110 is a collector-type material.
The size of the first and second cleaning pad 106 and 110 may be adapted to a particular barrel and bore size. Preferably, the first cleaning pad 106 and second cleaning pad 110 are sized to exert enough pressure against the bore surface to clean effectively. In one embodiment, the first cleaning pad 106 and second cleaning pad 110 are sized about 20% to 40% larger than the outside diameter of the case 12 and be long enough to have sufficient contact with the bore during the firing event. In this way, the first cleaning pad 106 and second cleaning pad 110 expand when fired and exert a force against the bore's surface.
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment useful to clean a bore of a shotgun. It will be appreciated that a similar configuration with minor modifications could be loaded into a casing and useful to clean a bore of a handgun, a rifle, or a larger device such as an artillery cannon.
In one embodiment, the first cleaning pad 106 and second cleaning pad 110 are formed of longitudinal stitching 109, traversing from a first end 105 to a second end 107 of the material, such as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. Other stitching may thread into various weaving patterns 103 such as illustrated in FIG. 3A. In one embodiment, the stitching forms a felt pad with a generally longitudinal-directed stitching. In one embodiment, the stitching forms a felt pad with a generally longitudinal-directed stitching, but angled slightly, e.g., between 5 and 45 degrees with respect to a longitudinal axis of the pad. Any number of stitching threads may be used. In one embodiment, strand width may vary. In this way, the first cleaning pad 106 and second cleaning pad 110 expand and distort symmetrically when fired, and the stitching may be applied in an even and symmetrical manner with respect to a cross-sectional center. FIG. 3A shows a single longitudinal stitch 109, as exemplary, to aid in illustrating the longitudinal direction of threading.
FIG. 3B shows a top view of the cleaning pad 106. As FIG. 3B shows, the stitches 109 are distributed radially about the center so that a mass of cleaning pad 106 may be symmetrical about the center axis.
Threading illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B are illustrative examples. However, pads 106 and 110 may include any configuration of wadded or pressed fibrous materials, for example, one embodiment includes randomly oriented and interwoven fibrous strands forming a pressed into a shaped cleaning pad.
The first and second disc, 108 and 112, respectively, may be formed of one or more of available materials operable to scrape or clean a surface of a bore including, e.g., rubber materials, glass and silica-based substances, composites such as fiberglass, carbon-fiber and/or other like materials, plastic and other polymers such as nylon, any combination thereof, and/or other available and like materials. In one embodiment, the first and second discs 108 and 112 are operable to clean and scrape the bore's surface when fired therethrough. In one embodiment, the first and second discs 108 and 112 are operable to operate and communicate physical forces of the firing state in a symmetrical manner to proximate components. In one embodiment, the first and second discs 108 and 112 are slightly larger than the diameter of the bore, e.g., 1-2%. In one embodiment, the first and second discs 108 and 112 are formed of a semi-rigid material operable for slight compression within the case 12 and expansion within the bore when released during a firing event.
The first and second cleaning pads 106 and 110, and the first and second discs 108 and 112 may be arranged and may have many different configurations consistent with the disclosure herein. For example, the first disc 108 or second disc 112 may be positioned between the payload 104 and the first cleaning pad 106. In one embodiment, a third disc may be used between the payload 104 and the first cleaning pad 106. In one embodiment, a single disc may be used between the payload 104 and the first cleaning pad 106, or between the first and second cleaning pads 106 and 110, or after the second cleaning pad 110.
FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C illustrate components of the cleaning shell 10 within the bore 2. FIG. 4A shows the components before an exemplary firing event in cross-section within a bore of a barrel. Cleaning shell 10 is illustrated loaded within a breach of barrel 4. Cleaning shell 10 fits within bore 2, with cleaning materials including exemplary cleaning pads 106 and 110 and discs 108 and 112 initially fitting within the case of cleaning shell 10. As described herein, cleaning pads 106 and 110 and discs 108 and 112 may be compressed prior to being loaded into cleaning shell 10, such that, upon release from cleaning shell 10, each of the cleaning materials may expand outwardly against bore 2. Cleaning shell 10 further includes primer 19, propellant 21, and fibrous cup 102 filled with payload 104. Payload 104 may include pellets, round metallic pieces, BBs, sand, metallic paste, a slug, a bullet, or any weighted object capable of providing back pressure within the bore between the payload and the explosion. This backpressure enables use of a crushing force upon the cleaning materials, enabling compression of the cleaning pad or pads and thereby creating a scrubbing force between the cleaning pad and the bore.
FIG. 4B illustrates the components subsequent to the firing event in a cross-section within a bore of a barrel. The firing event is initiated, in one embodiment, by actuating a trigger on a ballistic device. Cleaning shell 10 is illustrated, including primer 19, cleaning pads 110 and 106, discs 112 and 108, and fibrous cup 102 filled with payload 104. Firing pin 23 is illustrated striking primer 19, which in turn transforms the propellant of FIG. 4A into explosion 22, which provides a pressure upon disc 112. In one embodiment, a charge cap or lower charge cap may be placed between disc 112 and explosion 22. In another embodiment, disc 112 may be rigid and resilient enough to not be damaged by explosion 22 such that disc 112 may act as a charge cap. Pressure upon disc 112 results in a motive force being applied to all of the cleaning materials, thereby ejecting the cleaning materials and the fibrous cup 102 from cleaning shell 10. One may see cleaning pads 106 and 110, discs 108 and 112, and fibrous cup 102 being displaced to a down the bore direction as compared to their initial positions in FIG. 4A. Inertial forces, in particular, inertial forces acting upon payload 104, and friction between the bore and the cleaning materials and along an edge of each of the illustrated components, in combination with the motive force being applied by explosion 22, act to compress the cleaning materials and deform the materials outwardly in a radial direction.
FIG. 4C illustrates in cross-section in magnified detail as compared to FIGS. 4A and 4B the cleaning materials and fibrous cup of FIG. 4B moving in a down the bore direction, with compression of the cleaning materials providing deformation and a resulting outward radial scrubbing force in the cleaning materials. FIG. 4C illustrates cleaning pads 106 and 110, discs 108 and 112, and fibrous cup 102 some time after the illustrated condition of FIG. 4B, with the illustrated components having moved entirely outside of the case of cleaning shell 10 of FIG. 4B. Arrow 25 illustrates the direction of movement of the illustrated components. Arrow 27 illustrates the motive force still being applied upon disc 112. Discs 108 and 112 are illustrated with arrows pointing outwardly in a radial direction showing the discs expanding radially outwardly, after initially being compressed within the case of cleaning shell 10. Cleaning pads 106 and 110 are illustrated with arrows pointing outwardly in a radial direction showing the discs expanding radially outwardly, as a result of both initially being compressed within the case of cleaning shell 10 and as a result of compressive force being applied axially to each of the cleaning pads, as is illustrated by arrows pointing inwardly in a direction parallel to the direction of the bore. Fibrous cup 102 is illustrated with arrows pointing outwardly in a radial direction showing the cup deforming outwardly against the bore, with payload 104 being illustrated with an arrow pointing a bore-rearward direction, showing the resulting force causing to press the payload 104 in the bore-rearward direction and deform from their initial state illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B. This deformation of payload 104 pushes against the sides of fibrous cup 102 and causes the cup to push outwardly against the bore with a scrubbing force.
FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate exemplary distortion of and compression forces acting upon cleaning pad 106. Although cleaning pad 106 is used to illustrate the distortion and compression forces in action, one skilled in the art will readily recognize that similar effects may act upon cleaning pad 110 and discs 108 and 112. FIG. 5A shows the cleaning pad 106 in an initial unstressed, uncompressed and stationary state. This is the state that the cleaning pad 106 may take before being placed within the case of the cleaning shell.
FIG. 5B shows the cleaning pad 106 in a state associated with being fired within the bore 2. Dotted lines are used to illustrate the initial unstressed state of FIG. 5A. Solid lines are used to illustrate the effects of pressure or a crushing force acting upon first end 105 and second end 107 of cleaning pad 106. Ends 105 and 107 are illustrated being closer to each other than in the initial unstressed state. Side walls 131 are illustrated deforming outwardly, with internal forces within cleaning pad 106 causing material to deform outwardly as a result of the forces applied to cleaning pad 106.
FIG. 6A illustrates in an exploded view an additional exemplary embodiment of cleaning materials that may be utilized within a cleaning shell. Fibrous cup 202, cleaning pad 206, and lower charge cap 240 are illustrated and may be loaded together into a case of a cleaning shell in accordance with other embodiments of the disclosure. Cleaning pad 206 includes cavity 209 which creates thin walls 207 of cleaning pad 206. Motive force being applied to a bottom of cleaning pad 206 may easily deform thin walls 207 into an outwardly radial direction, thereby forcing intimate contact between an outside surface of walls 207 and a bore of a barrel. Force may be applied directly to cleaning pad 206. In one embodiment, a bottom surface of cleaning pad 206 may be sprayed or otherwise treated with a flame-retardant material to enable an explosive propellant charge to act directly upon cleaning pad 206 without causing the cleaning pad to ignite. In another embodiment, a lower charge cap 240 may be used between the propellant and cleaning pad 206. Lower charge cap 240 may be situated proximate to and in contact with cavity 209, such that a top surface of charge cap 240 may be forced within cavity 209 by the motive force provided by the propellant.
FIG. 6B illustrates the cleaning materials of FIG. 6A being propelled down a bore of a barrel. Arrow 25 illustrates the direction of movement of the illustrated components. Arrow 27 illustrates the motive force still being applied upon lower charge cap 240. Cleaning pad 206 is illustrated with lower charge cap 240 being forced into cavity 209 and with thin walls 207 deforming radially outwardly against the bore.
Fibrous cup 202 is illustrated showing the cup deforming outwardly against the bore, with pellets 204 being illustrated showing a resulting force causing to press the pellets 204 in a bore-rearward direction and deforming from their initial state illustrated in FIG. 6A. This deformation of pellets 204 pushes against the sides of fibrous cup 202 and causes the cup to push outwardly against the bore with a scrubbing force.
The cleaning materials of FIG. 6A may be used in many different cleaning shell configurations. FIG. 6C illustrates the cleaning materials of FIG. 6A loaded into a brass shell for a handgun. In non-limiting exemplary embodiments, cleaning shell 210 may be operable to fit within a 9 mm Luger chamber, 0.40 Smith and Wesson (S&W) chamber, or a 0.45 Automatic Colt Pistol (ACP) chamber, all of which ammunition types are available in the art. Fibrous cup 202, cleaning pad 206, and lower charge cap 240 are illustrated within brass case 212. Brass case 212 is illustrated including primer 219 positioned to activate propellant 221. Fibrous cup 202 is filled with exemplary pellets 204. An open end of brass case 212 is sealed with end cap 242. End cap 242 may, in exemplary embodiments, be made of wax, plastic or polymer material, soft metal material such as lead or copper. End cap 242 may be flat as illustrated or may mock a parabolic outline of a typical bullet for the ammunition being imitated.
FIG. 6C illustrates an embodiment useful to clean a bore of a handgun. It will be appreciated that a similar configuration with minor modifications could be loaded into a case and useful to clean a bore of a shotgun, a rifle, or a larger device such as an artillery cannon.
Cleaning pads of different configurations may be utilized. For example, FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary cleaning pad with a bore-forward cavity, which may be filled with a spherical ball filled with cleaning solution. Ball 310 is situated within cavity 308 of cleaning pad 306. Cleaning pad 306 includes a generally solid core through a portion of a length of the pad, retaining an ability to transmit force from an expanding propellant to a bore-forward weight. Ball 310 may be frangible or operable to break easily when a firing event causes compressive forces to act on cleaning pad 306, thereby releasing the cleaning solution and saturating cleaning pad 306 with the cleaning solution. Similarly, FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary cleaning pad with a bore-rearward cavity, which may be filled with a spherical ball filled with air or constructed as a solid polymerized ball. As motive force is applied to cleaning pad 406, compressive force acting upon ball 410 within cavity 408 may cause the ball to deform into a flattened ball, with the ball becoming wider in a radial direction. This deformation of the ball may aid in deforming the walls of cleaning pad 406 proximate to ball 410 in a radially outward direction, such that the walls of cleaning pad 406 are forced into intimate contact with the bore of a barrel.
In one embodiment, various oil and fluid may be included in the cleaning shell 10 so that the oil and fluid may be distributed onto the bore's surface as the cleaning shell 10 traverses the bore. For example, the oil or conditioning fluid may be applied to the second cleaning pad 110. In one embodiment, cleaning fluid may be applied to the first cleaning pad 106 to loosen and lift residue and debris on the bore's surface.
In one embodiment of the cleaning pads 106 and/or 110 a high density resilient and chemical resistant foam polymer is used. It is compressed along its circumference toward the center axis and placed in the case 12. Upon the firing event, one of the cleaning pads 106 or 110 smoothes out the oil film throughout the bore and, in response to pressure, the applied oil is forced out through capillaries inherent in the cleaning material.
Alternate embodiments of the present disclosure may be designed for the different gauges or calibers of different firearms. The sizes and shapes of the cleaning materials and discs, and the location of these components in relation to one another within the cleaning shell 10 may be altered in order to adapt to smaller or larger ballistic bores. Therefore, dimensions shown in these drawings and referenced in the specification are exemplary and are not meant to be limiting.
FIG. 9 illustrates an alternative exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view. The cleaning shell 510 may be sized to fit different standard gauges of ballistic barrels, such as ten gauge, twelve gauge, sixteen gauge, twenty gauge, twenty eight gauge, and four ten gauge shotguns, although it is contemplated that the cleaning shell 510 may be sized for smaller gauge firearms such as a handgun. Likewise, the cleaning shell 510 may be sized and adapted for larger ballistic barrels such as artillery barrels. In this embodiment, the cleaning shell 510 includes a case 512 formed in the shape of a standard gauge or caliber sized and adapted to hold an exemplary cylindrically shaped cleaning pad 508. In one embodiment, the case 512 is a hollow cylinder with open ends. The case 512 may be formed from any material which may withstand the energy to be applied to it when fired. In one embodiment, the case 512 is formed using a transparent or semi-transparent polymer, in order to allow the user to see what is contained within the case 512.
A first end 511 of the case 512 may be attached to a brass end cap 514. In various embodiments, the brass end cap 514 may be formed from any other metallic or non-metallic material which may perform its function while withstanding the force from firing the cleaning shell 510. Brass end cap 514 includes primer 519 operable to provide a spark to propellant 521 within cleaning shell 510 when struck by a firing pin within a selected firearm. Propellant 521 may include gunpowder or any chemical agent that may explosively expand, thereby providing a propellant force to push cleaning pad 508 down the bore of the firearm. A lower charge cap 513 may be located between cleaning pad 508 and propellant 521. The opposite end 515 of the case 512 is closed by crimping closed or folding inward sidewall portions of the case 512. Various other closing techniques, as available in the art, may be applied to close the case 512 consistent with the disclosure herein.
FIG. 9 further includes a payload, weight, or mass located in a bore-forward position related to cleaning pad 508. Payload 504 may be provided within cup 502. Cup 502 may be a fibrous material, a plastic or polymer material, or any other material capable of keeping payload 504 in place. As disclosed herein, motive forces applied by expanding propellant 521 squeezes, compresses, or applies a crushing force to cleaning pad 508 against payload 504 as cleaning pad 508 and payload 504 are propelled down a bore of a firearm. Payload 504 may include a solid slug, a group of pellets or granular beads, a dense metallic paste, or any other relatively heavy or massive item or groups of items which, as a result of inertia, may provide a bore-rearward force or bore-backward pressure upon cleaning pad 508. As a result of being compressed between payload 504 and the motive force, cleaning pad 508 is deformed and expands radially outward against a bore of a firearm, thereby causing the cleaning pad 508 into making intimate scrubbing contact with the bore.
FIG. 10 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view. Cleaning shell 610 of FIG. 10 is similar to the cleaning shell of FIG. 9, with an exception that a bore-forward payload includes rifled slug 602 in place of a cup filled with a weight. Cleaning shell 610 includes slug 602, cylindrically shaped cleaning pad 608, lower charge cap 613, and propellant 621, all initially fitted within case 612. Rifled slug 602 is operable to fit within a firearm barrel including rifling commonly used with deer slug ammunition available in the art. In another embodiment, a slug without rifling may be similarly used for shotgun barrels that do not include rifling.
Space within a shell may be a premium. In particular, within handgun ammunition or within centerfire rifle ammunition, one may be dealing with small fractions of a centimeter in details of a cleaning projectile. Prior art that includes a frame running through a center of a cylindrical cleaning pad may result in very thin pads which lack cleaning capacity or in delicate frames that may statistically break and fail to perform their cleaning function. A cylindrical cleaning pad with a solid, non-hollow core operable to transfer force from a propellant to a bore-forward weight may be more reliable and utilize a simplified construction to consistently clean the bore, regardless of the small dimensions involved within the shell. In FIG. 11 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view. Cleaning shell 710 of FIG. 11 is similar to the cleaning shell of FIG. 10, with an exception that a bore-forward weight includes a bullet 702 and case 712 is a brass case typically used in handgun ammunition. It will be appreciated that with small changes, a similar shell configuration may be used in long rifles. Cleaning shell 710 includes bullet 702, cylindrically shaped cleaning pad 708, lower charge cap 713, and propellant 721, all initially fitted within case 712.
FIG. 12 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view. Cleaning shell 810 of FIG. 12 is similar to the cleaning shell of FIG. 11, with an exception that the shell is operable to be operated within a long rifle, chambered for ammunition such as 0.223, 0.308, 5.56, or 7.62 caliber rounds available in the art. Cleaning shell 810 includes bullet 802, cylindrically shaped cleaning pad 808, lower charge cap 813, and propellant 821, all initially fitted within case 812. Case 812 includes a cylindrical inner cavity 811 with straight side walls such that the components of shell 810 may be expelled out of shell 810 smoothly.
FIG. 13 illustrates an additional exemplary ballistic barrel cleaning shell in a cross-sectional side view. Cleaning shell 910 of FIG. 13 is similar to the cleaning shell of FIG. 12, with an exception that the shell casing includes a sidewall of substantially constant thickness, with a cylinder inserted within the casing to provide a smooth cylindrical shape for the cleaning shell components to initially set within. Cleaning shell 910 includes bullet 902, cylindrically shaped cleaning pad 908, lower charge cap 913, and propellant 921, all initially fitted within cylinder 911 fitted within case 912. Cylinder 911 includes straight side walls such that the components of shell 910 may be expelled out of shell 910 smoothly.
FIG. 14 schematically illustrates in perspective view an exemplary alternative cylindrical cleaning pad that may be used with cleaning shells, the cylindrical cleaning pad including a compression expansion cut through a longitudinal center of the cylindrical cleaning pad, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 is illustrated including a top surface 1008 and a bottom surface 1009. A compression expansion cut 1006 is illustrated which extends from top surface 1008 to bottom surface 1009 and forms a cross shape upon each of top surface 1008 and bottom surface 1009.
The cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 includes a periphery portion 1021 which includes a radial outer surface of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 or pad material along the curved outer walls of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004. In addition to the periphery portion 1021, the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 includes a central portion 1023 including a remainder of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 contained radially within the periphery portion 1021. A dotted oval is illustrated on the top surface 1008 illustrating a boundary between the periphery portion 1021 and the central portion 1023. In one embodiment, the compression expansion cut 1006 may be disposed within the central portion 1023, with the periphery portion 1021 remaining intact, solid material. Such a condition, where the compression expansion cut 1006 is disposed within the central portion 1023 and where the periphery portion 1021 remains intact, may be beneficial. FIG. 15 illustrates the compression expansion cut 1006 providing separation and enabling improved radial expansion of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004. However, by maintaining the periphery portion 1021 as intact, solid material, the outer radial surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 presents an unbroken surface that provides as much contact as possible with an inner surface of the barrel bore being cleaned. Cuts, gaps, or other cut-outs on the outer radial surface of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 or in the periphery portion 1021 may reduce the amount of contact between the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 and the inner surface of the barrel bore being cleaned.
FIG. 15 schematically illustrates the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 under compression in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut 1006 providing separation through the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 and enabling improved radial expansion of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1004. A cylindrical cleaning pad without a compression expansion cut may include material joined together throughout an intact central core of the cylindrical cleaning pad. Compression of such a cylindrical cleaning pad without a compression expansion cut may result in limited radial expansion, as the material joined together throughout the intact central core of the cylindrical cleaning pad prevents the material from expanding. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 includes compression expansion cut 1006. As a result, when compression force 1001 and compression force 1002 are applied to a top and a bottom, respectively, of cylindrical cleaning pad 1004, central portion 1012 of cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 may open into a cavity, with the material of cylindrical cleaning pad 1004 expanding further radially as radial annular bulge 1015 than would material of a similar cylindrical cleaning pad without any compression expansion cut.
FIG. 16 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including an asterisk shape. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1104 is illustrated including a compression expansion cut 1106 extending from a top surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1104 to a bottom surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1104.
FIG. 17 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including a three intersecting line segment shape. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1204 is illustrated including a compression expansion cut 1206 extending from a top surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1204 to a bottom surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1204. FIGS. 14-17 illustrate exemplary compression expansion cuts 1006, 1106, and 1206, respectively, with examples of patterns in which compression expansion cuts may be formed through a longitudinal center of a cylindrical cleaning pad. A number of alternative patterns of compression expansion cuts are envisioned, and the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particular examples provided herein.
FIG. 18 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape in a top portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad and the cylindrical cleaning pad further including a cylindrical cavity formed in a bottom portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1304 is illustrated including a top surface 1308 and a bottom surface 1309. A compression expansion cut 1305 is formed in a top portion of cylindrical cleaning pad 1304 with a cross shape resulting upon top surface 1308. A cylindrical cavity 1306 is formed upon a bottom portion of cylindrical cleaning pad 1304. Compression expansion cut 1305 is illustrated connecting with cylindrical cavity 1306 in a center of the cylindrical cleaning pad 1304.
FIG. 19 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in side view, with the compression expansion cut including a cross shape in a top portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad and with a bottom portion of the cylindrical cleaning pad being intact without any compression expansion cut. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1404 is illustrated including compression expansion cut 1406 formed in a top portion of cylindrical cleaning pad 1404, such that a pattern is formed upon top surface 1408 of cylindrical cleaning pad 1404. Bottom surface 1409 remains intact without any compression expansion cut. The compression expansion cut 1406 extends approximately to a center of cylindrical cleaning pad 1404, with a bottom portion of cylindrical cleaning pad 1404 remaining intact. The cylindrical cleaning pad 1404 may be arranged with either flat end in a bore forward orientation when in use.
FIG. 20 schematically illustrates an alternative embodiment of the cylindrical cleaning pad of FIG. 14 in perspective view, with the compression expansion cuts including parallel compression expansion cuts. Cylindrical cleaning pad 1504 is illustrated including a plurality of parallel compression expansion cuts 1506 extending from a top surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1504 to a bottom surface of cylindrical cleaning pad 1504. A number of parallel compression expansion cuts 1506 may vary. In one embodiment, a perpendicular compression expansion cut 1508 may additionally be added.
Pressure or peak pressure achieved by the propellant may vary. Manufacturer specifications and government regulations may dictate maximum peak pressures that are permissible. Selection of the propellant and how much propellant is present in a cleaning shell may control pressures achieved during a cleaning event. A minimum pressure may be defined by a requirement to fully burn off the propellant and residue from the primer, so that neither end up as a new contaminant in the bore.
While the best modes for carrying out the disclosure have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this disclosure relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the disclosure within the scope of the appended claims.
Patent Grant
11112223
