This invention relates to a liner system for a shipping container.
Cargo containers are used to carry bulk cargo such as dry bulk chemicals, powdered and pelletized resins, flour, coffee, grains and the like. When cargo containers are used to carry bulk cargo, the container must be kept clean or be cleaned after each load of cargo is emptied from the container, so that the container can be subsequently used with another load of cargo. Moreover, the cargo must be protected from contamination and from undesirable exposure to natural elements.
Removable liners typically are used to line interior walls or surfaces of the cargo containers in order to carry the bulk cargo without sullying the container and contaminating the cargo. Such a liner protects the cargo during shipment or storage from rain, debris, and the like. After the cargo is delivered, the liner can be removed so that the container is again useable without significant cleaning to carry another load of cargo.
The conventional liner is extremely susceptible to tears or ruptures under certain conditions. For example, the cargo container is often emptied of its cargo by opening its rear door and raising its front end to tilt and slide the cargo through the rear door of the cargo container. This sliding action places great stress on various points of the conventional liner. This stress can cause the liner to rupture, which results in spillage and contamination of the cargo. Additionally, the shifting cargo can cause the liner itself to slide through the rear door of the container and rupture over an edge of the cargo container or upon impact with the ground.
Mechanical braces have been used in an attempt to remedy the deficiencies of the conventional liner. These braces are attached to or near the liner at the rear door area of the cargo container to hold the liner in the container as the cargo is unloaded. However, the braces are cumbersome, bulky and can interfere with unloading the cargo. The braces ironically can damage the liner they are intended to protect as the discharging cargo presses the liner against the braces.
A liner for a cargo container that is resistant to forces imparted by the cargo or its movement, which will not tear at stress points and not contaminate the cargo, is needed in the industry.
The present invention is directed to a shipping container liner or bulkhead liner for a cargo carrier that resists shear, expansion, and gravitational forces imparted by a cargo or product held in the bulkhead liner. The component parts of the bulkhead liner are simple and economical to manufacture, assemble and use. Other advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the attached drawings, or can be learned through practice of the invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, a bulkhead liner for a shipping container includes a pliable or flexible body having an exterior surface or face and an interior surface or face formed about a void or cavity in the pliable body. One or more loading apertures are formed through the exterior and interior surfaces for loading cargo in the cavity. The cargo can be any bulk product such as grain, chemicals, powered and pelletized resins, flour, coffee, grains and the like, and some combinations of these bulk products.
The exterior surface complements the shipping container shape when the pliable body is filled with the product. The pliable body has a capacity of 20 to 50 cubic feet, for example, when filled with the product. However, the pliable body can be manufactured with different capacities and in different shapes according to specific shipping containers.
The bulkhead liner in this aspect includes a lattice affixed or attached to the exterior surface of the pliable body to resist an expansion force exerted by the product in the cavity. One or more load-bearing bands or internal straps are attached to a portion of the lattice from within the bulkhead liner to further resist the expansion force exerted by the product in the cavity. One or more sheaths are located in the cavity with the load-bearing band or bands disposed in the sheath or sheaths to separate the load-bearing band from the product. In one aspect, the sheath can be affixed to the interior surface of the pliable body but the load-bearing band passes freely through the sheath such that the sheath does not stress the interior surface when a load is applied to the load-bearing band.
The pliable body is made from polypropylene, polyethylene, or other durable and reusable materials, and combinations of these materials. Similarly, the sheath is made from polyethylene while the lattice and the load-bearing band are made of a synthetic fabric such as nylon.
The lattice is formed, for example, from a number of straps attached horizontally, vertically, diagonally, or combinations of these orientations, to the exterior surface of the pliable body. The straps of the lattice are at least attached to the exterior surface proximate a shipping container doorway.
The sheath is sealed, for example, between the exterior and interior surfaces, or at the interior surface to encase the load-bearing band and separate it from the product. The sheath extends from the exterior surface of the pliable body and has a termination opening through which the load-bearing band extends towards a shipping container tie-down where the load-bearing band is attached. In one embodiment, the bulkhead liner includes at least four sheaths and at least four load-bearing bands; each of the four load-bearing bands respectively housed in each of the four sheaths and attached to the lattice at respective intersection points.
The bulkhead liner can include at least two reinforcement webs attached to respective edges of the pliable body located near a rear door of the shipping container. The reinforcement webs can be aligned parallel with the edges of the pliable body to reinforce its edges. Additional reinforcement webs can be attached along all horizontal and vertical edges or other stress areas of the pliable body. At least some of the straps of the lattice can be attached to the reinforcement webs to reinforce attachment of the lattice to the exterior surface.
The bulkhead liner can include at least one locking strap having a first end and a second end. The first end is attached to the reinforcement web or to the load-bearing strap. The second end is attached to a shipping container tie-down.
The bulkhead liner can include at least one discharge aperture through the exterior and interior surfaces for discharging the product from the cavity.
In another aspect of the invention, a container system is provided with a container having an interior and a door for separating the interior from an external environment. A bulkhead liner is attached in the interior of the container. The bulkhead liner has an exterior surface and an interior surface forming a cavity therein. At least one loading aperture is formed through the exterior and interior surfaces for loading a product in the cavity. The exterior surface is complementary to a shape of the interior of the container when the bulkhead liner is filled with the product.
A lattice is attached to the exterior surface in this aspect. The lattice includes a number of straps with at least one upper support strap and at least one lower support strap to counteract an expansion force exerted by the product in the cavity. At least one sheath is affixed to the interior surface of the bulkhead liner, and at least one load-bearing band is contained in the sheath such that the load-bearing band is separate from the product. The sheath and the load-bearing band are not attached to each other so that when the expansion force is imparted by the product, the sheath and the load-bearing band do not tear apart and contaminate the product as the load-bearing band, which is attached to a portion of the lattice, further counteracts the expansion force exerted by the product in the cavity.
The straps are attached to the exterior surface near the door. The straps and the load-bearing band thus prevent the exterior surface from contacting the door when the bulkhead liner is filled with the product.
Also in this aspect, the sheath is sealed to the interior surface at an intersection point with the load-bearing band. Alternatively, the sheath is sealed between the exterior and interior surfaces. The sheath extends away from the interior surface through the exterior surface. The sheath has a termination opening through which the load-bearing band extends for attachment of the load-bearing band to a tie-down in the container. In this aspect of the invention, respective termination openings of the sheaths are spaced ten to fifteen inches from respective tie-downs in the container. This arrangement prevents the liner from shifting out of the container.
In one embodiment, at least four sheaths and at least four load-bearing bands are provided. Each of the four load-bearing bands extends through each of the four sheaths. The four load-bearing bands are attached at respective intersection points to respective straps.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, a method of utilizing a bulkhead liner in a shipping container is provided. One step in the method is providing a pliable body having an exterior surface, an interior surface defining a cavity therein, at least one sheath disposed proximate the interior surface, at least one load-bearing band disposed in the sheath, a lattice affixed to the exterior surface, and a plurality of locking straps depending from the lattice for attachment in a shipping container. Similar to the previous embodiments, at least one loading aperture is formed through the exterior surface and the interior surface.
Further steps of the method include inserting the pliable body in the interior of the shipping container; attaching the plurality of locking straps to a plurality of tie-downs disposed in the shipping container; and attaching the load-bearing band extending from the sheath though the exterior surface to at least one of the plurality of tie-downs.
The method also includes the step of loading a product into the cavity via the loading aperture. As the product is loaded, the lattice and the load-bearing band resist an expansion force exerted by the product in the cavity. As noted above, the load-bearing band should be movable in the sheath to prevent damage to the sheath and the pliable body and contamination to the product.
The method further includes the step of unloading the product from the cavity. During this step, the lattice and the load-bearing band resist a dynamic force exerted by the unloading product.
Further aspects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, or can be learned through practice of the invention, in combination with the drawings in which:
Detailed reference will now be made to the drawings in which examples embodying the present invention are shown. The detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features of the drawings. Like or similar designations of the drawings and description have been used to refer to like or similar parts of the invention.
The drawings and detailed description provide a full and written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, so as to enable one skilled in the pertinent art to make and use it, as well as the best mode of carrying out the invention. However, the examples set forth in the drawings and detailed description are provided by way of explanation only and are not meant as limitations of the invention. The present invention thus includes any modifications and variations of the following examples as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
A container system is broadly embodied in the figures, generally designated by element number 10. The container system 10 is used to transport or store cargo or a product such as grains, dry chemicals, or other dry bulk cargo, designated herein by the letter “P”. The container system 10 prevents contamination of the product P, provides for shipping and storage of the product P, and resists various forces imparted or exerted by the product P during its loading, shipping, storage and unloading as will be described in detail below.
As the figures generally show, the container system 10 includes a shipping container 12 and a bulkhead liner or liner body 14 (also referred to herein as a pliable or flexible body). The bulkhead liner 14 is inserted in the container 12 in a substantially relaxed state or condition. The bulkhead liner 14 will expand or “inflate” when filled with the product P to take a shape complementary to the container 12. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the bulkhead liner 14 will therefore assume a square or rectangular shape in many cases, as shown for instance in
With particular reference to
The bulkhead liner 14 shown in
As shown in
With further reference to
The above and other aspects may be better understood with reference to an operation of a container system according to an exemplary method of the invention. The method utilizes a pliable body 14 in a shipping container 12 similar to the embodiments described above. Thus, general steps in the method are described below with reference to the foregoing embodiments for enabling details.
As shown in
The pliable body 14 is inserted in an interior space 20 of a shipping container 12. Locking straps 50 extend from the lattice 28 and are attached to tie-down points 48 in the interior space 20 of the container 12. The four load bearing bands 24 are attached to four points intersecting the horizontal and vertical straps 30 and 32 of the lattice 28 at intersection points 38 to withstand compression and expansion forces of the product P. Additionally, the load bearing bands extend at least 12 inches from the external surface 22a of the liner 14 and—like the locking straps 50—are attached to tie-down points 48 within the interior space 20 of the container 12.
The product P such as corn or other dry bulk material is inserted into the cavity of the liner 14 via the loading aperture 44. As the product P fills the cavity of the liner 14, the lattice 28 and in particular the internal bands 24 intersecting the horizontal and vertical strapping 30, 32 at intersection points 38 as well as the upper and lower main support members 30a, 30b and the reinforcing web 42 act in concert to resist the weight, gravity and expansion forces created by the product P. The bands 24 are isolated from the product P to prevent contamination of the product P and are freely movable within their respective sheaths 26 to prevent internal damage to the liner 14. Finally, once the product P has reached its destination, the discharge aperture 46 such as a membrane is opened to release the product P from the bulkhead liner 14. As the shipping container 12 is tilted, the compression and expansion forces of the shifting product P press against the bulkhead liner 14. Again, the lattice 28, the intersecting internal bands 24, the main support members 30a, 30b and the reinforcing web 42 operate in concert to prevent tears or ruptures at stress points in the bulkhead liner 14.
While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will recognize that other changes and modifications may be made to the foregoing examples without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For instance, various durable, reusable materials can be used for the liner body 14 and various durable and strong synthetic materials nylon can be used for the various straps described herein. Additionally, although the examples shown and described are substantially horizontal and vertical, the lattice 28, for instance, can be diagonally arranged and have various other criss-cross patterns other than those shown and described. Furthermore, additional straps can be used to form the lattice 28 other than the number of straps shown and described herein. Likewise, numerous internal bands 24 can be used and attached to the lattice 28 at numerous other intersection points other than those intersection points 38 shown and described. It is intended to claim all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Moreover, references herein to “top,” “upward,” “upper,” “higher,” “lower,” “bottom,” “downward,” “descending,” “ascending,” “side,” “first,” and “second,” structures, elements, designations, geometries and the like are intended solely for purposes of providing an enabling disclosure and in no way suggest limitations regarding the operative orientation or order of the exemplary embodiments or any components thereof.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20060175324 A1 | Aug 2006 | US |