Patent Application
20220243777
These teachings relate to a brake system, and more particularly to a torque distributing assembly for distributing torque between two or more brake pistons.
Some vehicles utilize multi-piston brake systems to create a clamping force to slow, stop, and/or maintain a vehicle in a stopped or parked position. In many of these brake systems, multiple motors are used to move the brake pistons to create and release the clamping force.
Examples of brake system are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,476,469 and 9,587,692, which are hereby incorporated by references herein for all purposes.
To improve braking performance, while also reducing weight, cost, and packaging space, in some vehicle platforms, it may be desirable to have a brake system that includes a single motor that is configured to move multiple-brake pistons to create the clamping force, and then move the multiple brake pistons with the same single motor to release the clamping force.
While creating and/or releasing the clamping force, it may be desirable to have a brake system and/or assembly that is configured to distribute torque or re-distribute torque between two or more brake pistons based on load or resistance differences acting on the brake pistons, which may occur when the brake pad wears unevenly, due to brake pad taper wear; internal component efficiency and variation in the brake system; and/or system degradation; for example.
These teaching provide a brake system. The brake system may be a system or assembly for creating a clamping force. The brake system may be any system or assembly for releasing a clamping force. The brake system may function to, may be configured to, or may be adapted or enabled to create a clamping force to slow, stop, and/or maintain a vehicle in a stopped position.
The brake system may be an opposed brake system (i.e., a fixed caliper brake system) or a floating brake system (i.e., a floating caliper). The brake system may be a disc brake system. The brake system may be a drum brake system. The brake system may be a service brake system. The brake system may be a parking brake system.
The clamping force may be a force that, when coupled with a brake pad or brake shoe coefficient of friction, functions to decelerate, slow, stop, and/or prevent movement or rotation of a brake rotor, brake drum, and/or a vehicle. The clamping force may be created during a standard brake apply (i.e., a brake apply force). The clamping force may be created during a parking brake apply (i.e., a parking brake force).
The brake system may include one or more brake pads, and a brake caliper supporting two or more brake pistons. During a brake apply, the two or more brake pistons may be moved towards and away from the one or more brake pads by pressurizing brake fluid. Additionally, or alternatively, during a brake apply, the two or more brake pistons and one or more brake pads may be moved with electromechanical elements to create clamping force. The electromechanical elements may include rotary to linear mechanisms, spindle, nut, motor, one or more gears, a torque distributing assembly, or a combination thereof.
The brake rotor may cooperate with the components of the brake system to create the clamping force. The brake rotor may include an inboard side and an opposing outboard side. The brake caliper may be arranged so that one or more brake pads are located at the inboard side of the brake rotor (i.e., inboard brake pads), and one or more brake pads are located at the outboard side of the brake rotor (i.e., outboard brake pads), or both.
The brake caliper may have two or more piston bores. Each piston bore may define a hollow region in the brake caliper configured to receive and support a corresponding brake piston. The piston bores can be located entirely on one side of the brake rotor, or on both sides of the brake rotor.
The brake system may have two or more brake pistons. The two or more brake pistons may function to move a brake pad, or a corresponding end of brake pad, towards the brake rotor to create the clamping force. The two or more brake pistons may be located on one side of the brake rotor, or one or more brake pistons may be located on each side of the brake rotor.
During a brake apply, to decelerate slow, stop, or maintain a vehicle in a stopped or parked position, the brake pistons may be moved by pressurizing fluid, such as brake fluid. To release the clamping force or the brake apply, the brake piston can be moved by depressurizing the fluid.
During a brake apply, to decelerate slow, stop, or maintain a vehicle in a stopped or parked position, the brake pistons may be moved with one or more electromechanical mechanisms (e.g., with one or more rotary to linear mechanisms; spindles; nuts; motors, etc.).
The brake piston pocket may function to receive at least a portion of a corresponding rotary to linear stage mechanism. The brake piston pocket may be a cup or recess formed into an end of a brake piston. The brake piston pocket may include a bottom wall at the end or bottom of the brake piston pocket and an opposing open end. A gap may exist between the nut of the rotary to linear stage mechanism and a corresponding bottom wall. During a brake apply, the gap may be taken up by moving the rotary to linear stage mechanism towards the bottom wall. Once the gap is taken up, further movement of the nut or rotary to linear stage mechanism may cause the nut or the rotary to linear stage mechanism to press against the bottom wall and then move the brake piston and thus brake pad against the brake rotor to create the clamping force.
The one or more brake pads may be used to create the clamping force. The clamping force can be created by converting the kinetic energy of the vehicle into thermal energy by frictionally engaging one or more brake pads with one or more sides of the brake rotor. The one or more brake pads may include one or more features (i.e. ears, projections, etc.) that may engage or be engaged by a brake caliper, a support bracket, or both to maintain the location of the brake pads within the braking system and relative to the brake rotor.
By moving the nut away from the bottom pocket wall, the brake piston may move in an oppose, release direction, so that the brake pad can then move away from the brake rotor to release the clamping force.
The motor may be any motor for creating a force or torque. For example, the motor may be a DC motor, a brushless motor, a series-wound motor, a shunt wound motor, a compound wound motor, a separately exited motor, a servomotor, a stepping motor, or a permanent magnet motor. The motor may include one or more electrical leads for connecting the motor to a power source. Supplying power to the motor may cause the output shaft of the motor to rotate about an axis. The output shaft rotation may be adapted for an apply direction (to create a clamping force) and for a release direction (to release a clamping force).
The brake system may comprise one or more rotary to linear mechanisms. The one or more rotary to linear mechanisms may function to convert a torque output from the motor or torque distributing assembly into a linear or axial force to move the one or more brake pistons. The one or more rotary to linear mechanisms may be a high-efficiency device such as a ball screw, a roller screw, or a ball ramp, for example. The one or more rotary to linear mechanisms may be a low-efficiency device. The one or more rotary to linear mechanisms may generally include a spindle and a nut.
The spindle may be rotated by the motor or corresponding driving gear. The spindle may be rotated in an apply direction and a release direction to apply and release the brake system brake, respectively. Rotation of the spindle may cause a nut that is threadably engaged with the spindle to move axially along an axis in an apply or release direction to move the brake pad towards or away from a brake rotor.
The nut may be moved axially along an axis that the spindle is configured to rotate about. For example, the nut and the spindle may be threadably engaged such that when the spindle is rotated by the motor or driving gear, the nut moves axially toward or away from a wall of the piston pocket. After contact between the nut and the piston pocket wall is made, further movement of the nut may result in movement of a brake piston and thus a brake pad, or a corresponding end of a brake pad towards a brake pad. The nut may be restricted or prevented from rotating about the axis along which it is configured to axially move.
The torque distributing assembly may function to transfer or distribute an output torque from a motor or gear train to or amongst two or more brake pistons or rotary to linear mechanisms during a brake apply, a parking brake apply, or both to create a clamping force. The torque distributing assembly may function to transfer or distribute an output torque from a motor or gear train to or amongst two or more brake pistons or rotary to linear mechanism during a brake release, a parking brake release, or both to release a clamping force.
While creating and/or releasing the clamping force, the torque distributing assembly according to these teachings is configured to distribute or re-distribute torque between two or more brake pistons based on load or resistance differences acting on the two or more brake pistons.
The torque distributing assembly may be configured to distribute torque from the motor generally equally to both of the first brake piston and the second brake piston so that both of the brake pistons are moved unison until a resistance on one of the two brake pistons becomes higher than the other brake piston. The torque distributing assembly may then be configured to distribute power from the motor to the brake piston with the lower resistance so that the piston assembly with the higher resistance slows or ceases to move
For example, when one end of a brake pad contacts a brake rotor, the brake piston associated with that end of the brake pad may experience an increase in load or resistance. Accordingly, the torque distributing assembly according to these teachings is configured to reduce a torque supply to that brake piston and then redistribute the torque supply to the other brake piston so that the other corresponding end of the brake pad is moved towards and into contact with the brake rotor. Accordingly, with these teachings, a single motor can be used to move multiple brake pistons to create a clamping force.
For example, uneven or different loads or forces acting on the brake pistons may be a result of the friction material of the brake pad wearing unevenly, which means one end of the brake pad may contact the brake rotor and build clamping force before the other end contacts the brake rotor. The brake pistons associated with the end of the brake pad that contacts and builds clamping force first will apply a greater reactive load or resistance on that brake piston.
For example, uneven or different loads or forces acting on the brake pistons may be a result of system degradation where one brake piston moves faster than another brake piston, which means one end of the brake pad may contact the brake rotor and build clamping force before the other end contacts the brake rotor. The brake pistons associated with the end of the brake pad that contacts and builds clamping force first will apply a greater reactive load or resistance on that brake piston.
For example, uneven or different loads or forces acting on the brake pistons may be a result of tolerance differences in the rotary to linear mechanisms, tolerance variations in the brake piston and caliper bores in which the brake piston is located. These variations may result in one brake piston moving faster or farther than another brake piston, which means one end of the brake pad may contact the brake rotor and build clamping force before the other end contacts the brake rotor. The brake pistons associated with the end of the brake pad that contacts and builds clamping force first will apply a greater reactive load or resistance on that brake piston.
For example, uneven or different loads or forces acting on the brake pistons may be a result of uneven or warped brake rotor surfaces.
The torque distributing assembly may include one or more drive gears. The one or more drive gears may function to transfer torque from the motor or torque distributing assembly to the corresponding spindle. The drive gear may frictionally engage a corresponding spindle. The drive gear may engage a corresponding spindle via spines and corresponding notches defined on the spindle and drive gear.
Two or more of the drive gears may be aligned along and/or configured to rotate about a common axis. Two or more of the drive gears may be aligned within a common plane. Two drive gears may be located in a common plane and two drive gears may be located in another plane, wherein one drive gear is located in both planes, and both planes are generally perpendicular to one another. Two or more of the drive gears may be connected via a belt, chain, or another gear so that rotation of one gear causes another gear to rotate.
The torque distributing assembly may include a plurality of planet gears and sun gears located between two drive gears.
The brake caliper 12 is configured to support one or more brake pistons (e.g. first and second brake pistons 28, 30). The brake pistons 28, 30 are supported or located on the same side of the brake caliper 12 (i.e., on the inboard side 13). The brake pistons 28, 30 are configured to contact or engage the pressure plate 26a of the inboard brake pad 20. The fingers 16 of the bridge 15 (
Each brake piston 28, 30 comprises a piston pocket 32a, 32b. A first rotary to linear mechanism 34 is at least partially received into the piston pocket 32a of the first brake piston 28, and a second rotary to linear mechanism 36 is at least partially received into the piston pocket 32b of the second brake piston 30.
The first rotary to linear mechanism 34 comprises a first spindle 38 and a first nut 40. The first spindle 38 is threadably engaged with the first nut 40 such that rotation of the first spindle 38 about a spindle axis (also referred to herein as longitudinal axis A3) causes the first nut 40 to move. The first nut 40 is restricted or prevented from rotating inside of the piston pocket 32a about axis A3; thus, rotation of the first spindle 40 causes the first nut 38 to move axially within the piston pocket 32a along the axis A3.
The second rotary to linear mechanism 36 comprises a second spindle 42 and a second nut 44. The second spindle 42 is threadably engaged with the second nut 44 such that rotation of the second spindle 42 about a spindle axis (also referred to herein as longitudinal axis A) causes the second nut 44 to move. The second nut 44 is restricted or prevented from rotating inside of the piston pocket 32b about axis A; thus, rotation of the second spindle 42 causes the second nut 44 to move axially within the piston pocket 32b along axis A.
The first brake piston 28 extends along longitudinal axis A; the second brake piston 30 extends along longitudinal axis A3; and the motor 46 and motor output 48 extends along longitudinal axis A4. The longitudinal axis A, A3, and A4 are all generally parallel to one another. The axis A4 is also parallel to the axis A about which the gear set 126 is configured to rotate about.
The torque distributing assembly 100 comprises a first driving gear 102, a second driving gear 104, and a third driving gear 106.
The first and second driving gears 102, 104 are concentrically aligned and configured to rotate about a common axis A (See also
The second and third driving gears 104, 106 are arranged adjacent to one another or juxtaposed to one another. The second and third driving gears 104, 106 may be arranged in a common plane. The second and third driving gears 104, 106 are connected together via a connecting member 108, which may be a belt, chain, strap, or other suitable connecting member such as an intermediate gear or member. By way of the connecting member 108, the second and third gears 104, 106 are configured to also rotate together in an apply and release direction. That is, rotation of the second driving gear 104 causes the third driving gear 106 to rotate. The third gear 106 may be configured to rotate about an axis A3 that may be the same axis A3 about which the first spindle 38 is configured to rotate about in an apply and release direction (
The motor 46 comprises a motor output 48 that is connected to the torque distributing assembly 100 via a gear train 50 comprising at least one gear 52. The gear grain 50 may comprise one or more gears for transferring, transmitting, increasing, or decreasing a torque output generated by the motor 46. The motor output 48 is configured to rotate about axis A3. The axis A3 is generally parallel to the axis A that the gear set 126 (discussed below) is configured to rotate about. Torque from the motor 46 is supplied to the torque distributing assembly 100 via the meshing or interaction of the output 48, the gear train 50, and the first driving gear 102.
The first and second planet gears 110, 112 are supported on pins or shafts that are configured to engage both of the first and second driving gears 102, 104 and surround the first and second sun gears 114, 116. In some configurations, the first sun gear 114 may be combined with or integrated with the first driving gear 102 into a single gear or mechanism.
The second sun gear 116 comprises an engagement section 118 that is configured to engage an engagement section 120 of the spindle 42 so that rotation of the second sun gear 116 about axis A causes the spindle 42 to rotate about axis A.
The third driving gear 106 comprises an engagement section that is configured to engage an engagement section 122 of the spindle 38 so that rotation of third driving gear 106 about axis A3 causes the spindle 38 to rotate about axis A3.
As will be discussed further below, the torque transferring assembly includes a gear set 126 that includes the first driving gear 102, the first sun gear 114, the first and second planet gears 110, 112, the second sun gear 116, and the second driving gear 104. When the torque distributing assembly 100 is active and inactive one or more of the aforementioned gears are configured to rotate about axis A, which is the same axis that the brake piston 30 extends along and is configured to move along during a brake apply or brake release.
Referring to
The clamping force may be created during application of the service brake to slow or stop a brake rotor, road wheel, and/or vehicle. The clamping force may be created during application of the parking brake to restrict or prevent movement of the brake rotor, road wheel, and/or vehicle. The clamping force may be created during application of both the service brake and the parking brake.
In the following steps, the torque distributing assembly 100 is inactive, which means a force, load, or resistance acting on two or more of the brake pistons is generally the same or equal, and thus the torque distributing assembly 100 is configured to distribute torque generally equal torque to each of the two or more brake pistons at the same time so that the brake pistons 28, 30 are moved at generally the same time.
The method includes a step of turning ON the system 10 and/or the motor 46. Turning ON the system 10 and/or motor 46 means supplying the system 10 and/or the motor 46 with power or current. Turning ON the system 10 and/or motor may occur after a pedal, lever, or other button is moved or depressed and/or when the vehicle is put into park gear or turned OFF, for example.
After the system 10 and/or the motor 46 is turned ON, power is supplied to the motor 46, which turns the motor 46 ON and the motor 46 generates an apply direction torque. The apply direction torque is an output of torque from the motor 46 via output gear 48 (
Rotation of the first driving gear 102 in the apply direction about axis A causes the first sun gear 114 to rotate in the apply direction about axis A. Rotation of the first driving gear 102 and rotation of the first sun gear 114 in the apply direction about axis A functions to apply a force or torque onto the first planet gears 110, causing the first planet gears 110 to rotate with the first driving gear 104 and the first sun gear 114 in the apply direction about axis A.
Rotation of the first planet gears 110 in the apply direction functions to apply a force or torque onto the second planet gears 112 causing the second planet gears 112 to rotate with the first planet gears 110, the first driving gear 104, and the first sun gear 114 in the apply direction about axis A.
Rotation of the second planet gears 112 in the apply direction about axis A functions to apply a force or torque onto the second sun gear 116 causing the second sun gear 116 to rotate about axis A in the apply direction.
The second sun gear 116 is in communication with the second spindle 42. Therefore, rotation of the second sun gear 116 about axis A in the apply direction causes the second spindle 42 to rotate about axis A in the apply direction.
The second nut 44 located inside of the second brake piston 30 is threadably engaged with the second spindle 42 and restricted or prevented from rotating about axis A. Therefore, rotation of the second spindle 42 in the apply direction about axis A via the second sun gear 116 causes the second nut 44 to move axially along axis A in an apply direction towards a bottom wall of the second piston pocket 32b of the second brake piston 30 until an end of the second nut 44 contacts the bottom pocket wall of the second piston pocket 32b.
Continued rotation of the second spindle 42 in the apply direction and thus continued axial movement of the second nut 44 in the apply direction causes the second brake piston 30 to move in the apply direction until the second brake piston 30 contacts the pressure plate 26a of the inboard brake pad 20. Continued movement of the second brake piston 30 in the apply direction causes the corresponding end of the inboard brake pad 20 to be moved into contact with the brake rotor to generate clamping force.
At the same time, rotation of the second planet gears 112 in the apply direction about axis A also causes the second driving gear 104 to rotate about the axis A in the apply direction. Rotation of the second driving gear 104 about the axis A in the apply direction causes the third driving gear 106 to rotate about its axis A3 in the apply direction by way of the connecting member 108. The third driving gear 106 is in communication with the first spindle 38 so that rotation of the third driving gear 106 in the apply direction causes the first spindle 38 to rotate about axis A3 in the apply direction.
The first nut 40 located inside of the first brake piston 28 is threadably engaged with the first spindle 38 and restricted or prevented from rotating about axis A3. Therefore, rotation of the first spindle 38 in the apply direction about axis A3 via the third driving gear 106 causes the first nut 40 to move axially along axis A3 in an apply direction towards a bottom wall of the first piston pocket 32a of the first brake piston 28 until an end of the first nut 40 contacts the bottom pocket wall of the first piston pocket 32a.
Continued rotation of the first spindle 38 in the apply direction about axis A3 and thus continued axial movement of the first nut 40 in the apply direction causes the first brake piston 28 to move in the apply direction until the first brake piston 28 contacts the pressure plate 26a of the inboard brake pad 20. Continued movement of the first brake piston 28 in the apply direction causes the corresponding end of the inboard brake pad 20 to be moved into contact with the brake rotor to generate clamping force.
Pressing of the inboard brake pad 20 against the brake rotor causes a reaction force to be generated at the bridge 14, which causes the fingers 16 to pull the outboard brake pad 22 into contact with the opposite side of the brake rotor to generate the clamping force.
In the following steps, the torque distributing assembly 100 is active, which means a force, load, or resistance acting on two or more of the brake pistons is different or not equal. That is, if or when or after a force, load, or resistance acting on one of the brake pistons 28, 30 becomes higher than a force, load, or resistance acting on the other brake pistons 28, 30, the torque distributing assembly 100 is activated.
For example, if the clamping force is achieved with the end of the inboard brake pad 20 associated with the first brake piston 28, or if the first brake piston 28 experiences a higher load or force acting on it than the second brake piston 30, then the first spindle 38 slows or ceases to rotate. When the first spindle 38 slows or ceases to rotate, the third driving gear 106 correspondingly slows or ceases to rotate about axis A3. When the third driving gear 106 slows or ceases to rotate, the second driving gear 104 correspondingly slows or ceases to rotate about axis A due to the connecting member 108 connecting together the second and third driving gears 104, 106.
The slowing or ceasing of rotation of the second driving gear 104 about axis A causes the second planet gears 112 to slow or cease rotating about axis A. However, at the same time, the apply direction torque from the motor 46 continues to be supplied to the assembly 100. Therefore, the apply direction torque transmitted by the first driving gear 102 to the first planet gears 110 and to the second planet gears 112 causes the second planet gears 112 to spin about each of their axis A2 so that torque or force is transmitted to the second sun gear 116 thus causing the second sun gear 116 to continue rotating about axis A in the apply direction.
Continued rotation of the second sun gear 116 in the apply direction continues to rotate the second spindle 42 in the apply direction, which continues to move the second nut 44 in the apply direction, which moves the second brake piston 30 in the apply direction, which then moves the inboard brake pad 20 against the brake rotor to generate clamping force.
Alternatively, if the clamping force is achieved with the end of the inboard brake pad 20 associated with the second brake piston 30, or if the second brake piston 30 experiences a higher load or force acting on it than the first brake piston 28, then the second spindle 42 slows or ceases to rotate. When the second spindle 42 slows or ceases to rotate, the second sun gear 116 correspondingly slows or ceases to rotate.
However, the apply direction torque from the motor 46 continues to be supplied to the assembly 100. Accordingly, the apply direction torque transmitted by the first driving gear 102 and the first planet gears 110 to the second planet gears 112 while the second sun gear 116 is slowed or ceased rotating causes the second planet gears 112 to spin about their axis A2 while the second planet gears 112 continued to rotate about axis A.
Accordingly, the second driving gear 104 can continue to rotate with the second planet gears 112 about axis A, which provides for the third driving gear 106 to rotate about axis A3 by way of the connecting member 108, so that the second spindle 38 is rotated in the apply direction. Rotation of the second spindle 42 in the apply direction continues to move the second nut 44 in the apply direction, which moves the second brake piston 30 in the apply direction, which then moves the inboard brake pad 20 against the brake rotor to generate clamping force.
With continued reference to
The clamping force may be released so that the brake rotor, road wheel, and/or vehicle can one again move.
The method includes a step of turning ON the system 10 and/or the motor 46. This may occur, for example, after a pedal, lever, or other button is moved or depressed and/or when the vehicle is put into drive gear, for example.
After the system 10 and/or the motor 46 is turned ON, power or current is supplied to the motor 46, which turns the motor 46 ON and the motor 46 generates a release direction torque, which is opposite the direction of the apply direction torque. The release direction torque is output from the motor 46 via output gear 48 and then transferred via the gears 52 in the gear train 50 to the first driving gear 102, which causes the first driving gear 102 to rotate in the release direction about axis A.
Rotation of the first driving gear 102 in the release direction about axis A causes the first sun gear 114 to rotate in the release direction about axis A. Rotation of the first sun gear 114 in the release direction about axis A functions to apply a force onto the first planet gears 110, causing the first planet gears 110 to rotate with the first driving gear 104 and the first sun gear 114 in the release direction about axis A.
Rotation of the first planet gears 110 in the release direction functions to apply a force onto the second planet gears 112 causing the second planet gears 112 to rotate with the first planet gears 110, the first driving gear 104, and the first sun gear 114 in the release direction about axis A.
Rotation of the second planet gears 112 in the release direction about axis A functions to apply a force on the second sun gear 116 causing the second sun gear 116 to rotate about axis A in the release direction.
The second sun gear 116 is in communication with the second spindle 42. Therefore, rotation of the second sun gear 116 about axis A in the release direction causes the second spindle 42 to rotate about axis A in the release direction.
Rotation of the second spindle 42 in the release direction about axis A via the second sun gear 116 causes the second nut 44 to move axially along axis A in a release direction away from the bottom wall of the second piston pocket 32b of the second brake piston 30 so that the second brake piston 30 moves away from the inboard brake pad 20 and the inboard brake pad 20 can be pulled out of contact with the brake rotor thus releasing the clamping force.
Rotation of the second planet gears 112 in the release direction about axis A also causes the second driving gear 104 to rotate about the axis A in the ap release ply direction. Rotation of the second driving gear 104 about the axis A in the release direction causes the third driving gear 106 to rotate about its axis A3 in the release direction by way of the connecting member 108. The third driving gear 106 is in communication with the first spindle 38 so that rotation of the third driving gear 106 in the release direction causes the first spindle 38 to rotate about axis A3 in the release direction.
Rotation of the first spindle 38 in the release direction about axis A3 via the third driving gear 106 causes the first nut 40 to move axially along axis A3 in a release direction away from the bottom wall of the first piston pocket 32a of the first brake piston 28 so that the first brake piston 28 moves away from the inboard brake pad 20 and the inboard brake pad 20 can be pulled out of contact with the brake rotor thus releasing the clamping force.
Another brake system 10 and torque distributing assembly 100 is illustrated at
The explanations and illustrations presented herein are intended to acquaint others skilled in the art with the invention, its principles, and its practical application. The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art may adapt and apply the invention in its numerous forms, as may be best suited to the requirements of a particular use.
Accordingly, the specific embodiments of the present invention as set forth are not intended as being exhaustive or limiting of the teachings. The scope of the teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to this description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The omission in the following claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not a disclaimer of such subject matter, nor should it be regarded that the inventors did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.
Plural elements or steps can be provided by a single integrated element or step. Alternatively, a single element or step might be divided into separate plural elements or steps.
The disclosure of “a” or “one” to describe an element or step is not intended to foreclose additional elements or steps.
While the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated by reference for all purposes. Other combinations are also possible as will be gleaned from the following claims, which are also hereby incorporated by reference into this written description.
This application claims priority to U.S. 62/823,732 filed Mar. 26, 2019 the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62823732 | Mar 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16817854 | Mar 2020 | US |
| Child | 17724574 | US |
