(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an improved poured concrete floor, wall or roof form system where the size of the concrete rib can easily vary in size plus the panel system has a fire rating assembly built into the forming system. Different types of materials can be used interchangeably without changing the integrity of the concrete structure as well as the method to fabricate a building panel and transverse beam.
(2) Background of the Invention
It is well known in the industry that light gauge metal framing is used to support floors, more typically by attaching plywood to the top flange of the metal framing channel. Then if a concrete floor was desired, a thin concrete topping was installed over the plywood.
Another method to create a concrete floor was to install portable forms using temporary bracing to support the portable forms. The concrete hardens then the temporary forms and shoring are removed thereby creating a concrete floor and an exposed concrete ceiling below the floor.
There are several floor forming systems that are presently on the market that are made of polystyrene and metal channels. These panels are a polystyrene mold used to support a concrete floor or concrete wall panel until the concrete has cured. The concrete material and its structural steel reinforcing is the structural result of using the polystyrene forms. The forms are made so that a ribbed concrete configuration will result. These existing panels are basically manufactured where a metal support channel is embedded in the thicker middle section of the polystyrene or in some cases two metal supports are installed within the panel. The metal channels support the expanded polystyrene and the concrete until the concrete has cured.
In some cases the metal channel is molded into the polystyrene, other times the metal channel is slid into the polystyrene at the thicker interior section of the panel. In another case the polystyrene fits over the metal channels again at the thicker polystyrene section of the panel.
Initially LeBlang in U.S. Pat. No. 6,041,561 showed a floor or wall constructed on metal channels and rigid insulation with intermediate crossing beams within the wall/floor structures using rigid insulation or rigid board as additional support until the concrete has cured. In addition isolated beams and columns are shown using light gauge metal framing and other beams are shown using steel bar joists as a forming structure.
Later PCT/EP97/05671 was converted to U.S. Pat. No. 6,298,622, by Cretti has embedded metal channels within expanded plastic material to support a concrete floor until the concrete has cured. The expanded plastic material is extruded with the steel studs embedded therein. The panels are interconnected to form a floor upon which concrete is cast. In addition lath is installed to the flange of the metal channels and plaster material is installed over the metal lath to create a fire resistant underside of the floor construction.
Soon thereafter Boeshart in U.S. Pat. No. 6,817,150 improved on Plastedil patent by adding layer of expanded polystyrene material to increase the depth of the concrete ribs without having to remake a panel as well as used oblique sidewalls to better secure the expanded polystyrene to the concrete ribs.
Later LeBlang in US 2007/0044392 shows a floor system supported by two light gauge metal channels back to back or an H channel. The flanges of the channels support a rigid board or an expanded polystyrene material. An additional layer of expanded polystyrene is then added on top of the rigid board forming the ribbed concrete flooring mold. The metal channels penetrate the rigid insulation, allowing the light gauge metal support channels to support a flooring system until the concrete has cured.
Two years later US 2006/0251851 by Bowman embeds a portion of the light gauge metal framing into the expanded polymer with the metal framing exposed above and/or below the expanded polymer. Later that same year in US 2008/0041004 by Gibbar, shows metal channels supporting polymer foam to form a concrete ribbed system. Then later that same year Amend in US 2007/0074804 embeds a brace within the polymer foam to give strength to the expanded polymer. The light gauge metal channels support the embedded brace within the foam adding additional support to the foam.
One thing all these panels have in common is that the metal channels support the polystyrene and the polystyrene supports a floor rib by the narrow polystyrene support of the panel. The weight of the concrete at the rib section of the panel is the thickest and therefore the heaviest. All of these existing panels support the heaviest portion or the rib section with only the polystyrene and not the metal channel.
Typically the existing polystyrene panels are not protected from fire. The polystyrene and the metal channels are exposed to any type of fire or explosions within the building. Polystyrene is flammable and does melt until extreme heat or fire. The building codes require that the polystyrene molds be protected, that is add drywall or spray on fireproofing to reduce smoke and fire within a building. In other words, the existing patents require additional materials to be added to within a building to reduce the public health and safety issues within our building codes.
In addition to the floor/wall panel mold, these various floor panel molds can be supported by the light gauge framing beams or the steel bar joists as shown in the LeBlang patent U.S. Pat. No. 6,041,561. The depth of the beam can be extended when using light gauge framing or bar joists as an extension of the floor forming system.
Not all molds panels use polystyrene as the molding structure. For example, inventor Marschke has developed many machines to make cardboard. Later in a pending patent, Marschke in US 2008/0010943 uses an open core element made of fluted paper and an upper and lower sheet as a forming structure for concrete overlayment. A post tension system is used to support the floor as well as wood embedded within the core element. Other structural steel elements are used to support the fluted paper structure. A foam core can also be applied to the open cores of the fluted paper.
Another wood-based product is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,541,097 by Lynch for Masonite Corporation developed a ribbed high density fibreboard product that can be used as decking or packaging. The product is structurally support by exposed wood beams. Later in U.S. Pat. No. 7,255,765 by Ruggle shows the ribbed high density fibreboard installed with a layer above and below, therefore making a more rigid cardboard.
Another application using fiberboard in a panel application is in U.S. Pat. No. 6,737,115 by Griesbach uses a slurry to produce diagonal bands in the panel to stiffen and reinforce the panel. On the other hand U.S. Pat. No. 6,584,742 by Kilgier uses metal channels and strand board at the interior with inner and outer facing layers.
The materials being produced today are getting more sophisticated for example U.S. Pat. No. 7,232,605 by Burgueno is a hybrid natural-fiber composite panel with cellular skeleton tubular openings. The hybrid natural-fiber panel also has a greater strength than other types of products.
The general object of the present invention is to provide a better ribbed concrete floor, wall or roof structure by using a stronger and more fire resistant forming system. A further object is to provide a more versatile form allowing for more flexibility in the field and one allowing ease in installing other utilities within the building system as well as a broader range of materials used to create a better forming system. The system also allows for reduced shoring below the floor system, since the metal framing members are directly adjacent to the concrete rib within the floor. Another object is to provide a stay-in-place beam forming system connecting the ribbed concrete flooring sections.
From a structural aspect, in a ribbed concrete floor the most concrete is at the ribbed area of the concrete floor and therefore when the concrete is wet and not cured the heaviest load is located at the concrete rib. Therefore by placing the metal support channel at the concrete rib section of the panel, the polystyrene rigid insulation and rigid board below will not deflect and therefore support a greater load and therefore fewer temporary braces are required below the flooring system.
A typical panel has two metal C channels that are parallel to each other with a polystyrene core between the channels. The web of each of the C channels is the outer edge of the longitudinal side of the panel. The flanges of each of the C channels faces inwardly toward each other forming a ledge to support a rigid board between the C channels. Polystyrene is then installed between the C channels and above the rigid board. The polystyrene is molded to the desired thickness of the panel and notched out above the C channel. The notch can either be obtained by molding the polystyrene into the desire shape or cutting the polystyrene to the desire shape after the panel is molded. The rigid board can be a concrete board or drywall material or other fire resistant materials. The rigid board also becomes a panel mold for forming the polystyrene shape as well as the fire resistant material on the bottom of the forming panel.
Since light gauge metal and the rigid boards are the structural supporting members of the panel molds, a non-structural foam or corrugated paper can be used to as form filler support of the panel mold. In fact a material like straw could even be used as a filler in lieu of the rigid insulation described below to support the concrete ribbed floor. Many different types of rigid board can be used like drywall, concrete board, fiber cement board, ribbed fiber board as well as forming a panel using a fiber cement skin. This skin would be poured in place at a factory and the foam core or other product would be added prior to the concrete curing. The rigid board doesn't really have to be a rigid board, but a light gauge ribbed metal decking. Based on the type of panel construction, different building materials can be used interchangeably based on the panel requirements.
After review of the existing and pending patents, one can immediately see the differences in this patent application. In
A concrete rib 40 is formed when panel mold 10 and 10′ are placed adjacent to one another, that is, when the C channel 22′ of panel mold 10′ abuts the C channel 21 of panel mold 10. Since the C channels 21 & 22′ do abut each other, their webs 22a′ and 22a are touching. The width of a concrete rib 40 is determined by adding the width of the upper flange 22c′ and 21c together and the height is determined by the thickness of the rigid insulation 18. Utility distribution can be installed within the holes 16 of the rigid insulation 18. The holes 16 can be cut adjacent to the rigid board 17 for ease of manufacturing and parallel to the C channels 22 and 23 within panel mold 10. The holes 16 can be located adjacent to the rigid board 17 since the rigid board 17 is the main support for supporting the concrete 39 until the concrete 39 cures. Additional steel reinforcing bars 14 are added within the concrete rib 40. Additional reinforcing steel 14′ can be added perpendicular to the reinforcing steel 14 in the concrete rib 40. The size of the C channels 21 & 22 are dependent on the gauge and size of the metal channels 21 & 22 as well as the distance they are required to span. Additional temporary bracing (not shown) is required below the panel mold 10 if the size of the C channels 21 & 22 are not strong enough to support the weight of the wet concrete 39. After the temporary bracing and steel reinforcing is installed, concrete 39 is ready to be installed within the panel molds 10, 10′ & 10″.
The configuration of panel molds 10, 10′ & 10″ are exactly the same in
The flanges of any of the C channels or H channels allows for the hard board 17 or rib supports 19′ to be attached by gravity or glue if desired to create the panels.
The
The different configuration of the floor system also requires transverse beams which are formed when the flooring system intersects a crossing beam known as a transverse beam. The transverse beams are usually larger in size than a typical concrete rib within the flooring system. The floor system had several different types of panel mold support members. These panel mold support members for example are shown in
The transverse beam 43 in
A smaller transverse beam 44 is installed in
The same panel molds 10′ & 10 from
Even though these panel molds are shown for a concrete floor system, the molds can also be used as a precast wall system or a precast floor system (where the floor panels are cast in sections). Instead of installing concrete over all the panel molds that comprise a building floor, several panel molds are placed adjacent to one another at the desired width of a precast panel and concrete is installed within the panel mold. When the concrete has cured within the panel mold, the precast panel when installed horizontally will be a precast concrete floor or when installed vertically will be a precast concrete wall. The panel molds are described typically using a metal supports at the sides with rigid board and rigid insulation above. In lieu of the rigid insulation at the panel mold, a single or double faced fiberboard form spacer or even straw can be used to create a support means for the concrete to be installed over.
A provisional patent application No. 61/065,236 was filed on Feb. 11, 2008 and this date should be used as the filling date for this application. In addition a patent pending application U.S. Ser. No. 10/988,030 was filed on Nov. 12, 2004 by LeBlang. On Jun. 11, 2009 LeBlang filed PCT/US2009/003500 which is also entitled “A Building Form for Concrete Floor, Walls & Beams”.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4120131 | Carroll | Oct 1978 | A |
4685264 | Landis | Aug 1987 | A |
5930965 | Carver | Aug 1999 | A |
6041561 | LeBlang | Mar 2000 | A |
6298622 | Cretti | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6401417 | LeBlang | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6541097 | Lynch | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6584742 | Kilgier | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6698148 | Manna et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6737115 | Griesbach | May 2004 | B2 |
6817150 | Boeshart | Nov 2004 | B1 |
7232605 | Burgueno | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7255765 | Ruggle | Aug 2007 | B2 |
20050229536 | Yoshii et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20060251851 | Bowman | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070044392 | LeBlang | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070074804 | Amend | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20080010943 | Marschke | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080041004 | Gibbar | Feb 2008 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
393537 | Oct 1933 | GB |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20090199500 A1 | Aug 2009 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61065236 | Feb 2008 | US |