Patent Grant
7052211
The present invention pertains to personal buoyancy compensating devices (BCDs) used in conjunction with SCUBA dive equipment for underwater travel. In particular, the present invention is a removable cover attachable to, and covering the outside of, a flexible vest or jacket style BCD designed to be worn on the upper torso of a user. The cover functions to protect the outside of the BCD—and its air bladder or cell—from damage from the physical environment.
BCDs were developed as a means of easily and comfortably adjusting a diver's buoyancy in the water. Neutral buoyancy, or positive or negative buoyancy may be desired during the various activities of a single excursion in the water. Normal use of a diver's air supply may affect buoyancy such that adjustment of buoyancy is needed and desired. To control the volume of retained air, a BCD includes a device for inflating with air and a valve for deflating the BCD. Together with physical weights, the BCD is a standard device and method by which buoyancy adjustment is typically accomplished. In addition, a BCD may serve as a safety device—providing a surface float for a diver.
Most early BCDs were formed of an inflatable bladder captured within a separate flexible bag or envelope. The bladder provided a means of retaining a volume of air and the envelope provided protection to the bladder and means of attachment to other equipment and to the diver's body. Most currently popular vest and jacket styled BCDs are formed of a single similar air-retaining envelope. As such, they are not considered to have a separate bladder and therefore most current vest and jacket styled BCDs are known as “bladderless” devices or products. The bladderless BCD is typically formed of two separate layers of relative tough yet flexible rubber or plastic impregnated or covered fabric that are cojoined at their perimeters to create an airtight envelope. This envelope is then filled as needed in use with a quantity of air for buoyancy adjustment. The vest or jacket styled BCD is typically configured to have a flexible body-conforming construction and shape for optimum distribution of the buoyant force of the contained air, and for comfort.
A significant number of sport and recreational divers dive in ship wrecks and underwater caves. However, these locations pose increased risks to both divers and their equipment. A diver traveling through the structure of a submerged ship or a cave, or other potentially hazardous area, may incur abrasion or even puncture of a BCD. With current bladderless BCDs, such a violation of the bladder may render the BCD inoperable, or worse, create a dangerous negative buoyancy condition due to loss of balancing air volume. These types of risks are even more prevalent in the work environments of many commercial and industrial divers and also public service divers such as fire department and similar municipal rescue divers. This risk from potential BCD damage is due, at least in part, to the relatively low strength and toughness of the flexible materials use in construction of jacket styled BCDs.
What is needed is a means of adding to a BCD, particularly flexible bladderless jacket styled BCDs, an external covering that can protect against damage from physical contact by surrounding objects.
The present invention is a tough yet flexible covering configured to be removably attached to a flexible vest or jacket styled BCD. The inventive cover is oriented on the BCD to protect the external outward-facing surfaces of the BCD. The inventive cover is removable to allow the user's associated BCD to be used without the added bulk, complexity and weight of the inventive cover, when protection from physical damage is not needed.
The BCD cover includes a cover body preferably formed of a flexible sheet layer. The cover body may be formed of any of a variety of materials, most preferably of a single sheet of a rubber or plastic coated fabric. The perimeter of the cover body includes attachment devices such as a zipper or hook-and-loop fasteners configured to releasably secure substantially the entire perimeter of the cover body to a BCD. The attachment devices may have elements that are permanently secured to the BCD such as one half of a zipper device. In an alternative configuration, the attachment device consists of multiple sleeve elements through which BCD shoulder and waist elements may pass and be retained to secure the cover to the BCD.
Optionally, the BCD cover may include ancillary elements such as weight pockets and equipment attachment devices.
In preferred embodiments, the inventive BCD cover is configured to be installable onto prior BCDs. The present invention also includes methods of increasing the durability of bladderless BCDs by attaching the inventive BCD cover to an exposed surface of the BCD.
The cover 10 is comprised of a central portion 12 from which extend two waist portion flaps 14 and two shoulder flaps 16. The left waist flap in
The term “outwardly” and similar spatial terms such as “top” and “bottom” are used with relative to a user on which the covered BCD is worn in normal fashion, “bottom” being associated generally with the relative direction of the user's feet. In particular, “outward” and other forms of the word indicate an aspect or direction away from the user's body and exposed to the outside or external environment separated from the user. In contrast, “inward” and “inside” indicates an object or surface directed toward and particularly against the user's body when the BCD is worn and in use.
The cover central portion 12 is the core element of the cover as the posterior outwardly facing portion 101 of the BCD is out of the field of view of the user during use and therefore is most susceptible to contact with, and damage from, the user's surrounding environment. The central portion 12 may have various shapes in different configurations, in all cases corresponding to the shape of the respective BCD posterior regions to be covered—generally sized for covering the back of a human body upper torso. The bottom edge 17 of the central portion 12 preferably extends fully to the respective bottom edge of the BCD to provide maximum protection. A top portion 19 of the central portion 12 and the shoulder flaps 16 preferably extend at least sufficient to overlay the upper most extent of the air-containing envelope of the particular BCD. In some BCDs, the air envelope may not extend into the shoulder portions of the BCD. In such cases, the cover 10 may omit shoulder flaps 16.
The two waist flaps 14 extend from opposite sides of the central portion 12, in opposite directions, to overlay the BCD waist portion. The length (circumferential with respect to a user) and vertical width of each waist flap 14 are each dependent upon the dimensions of the particular BCD for which the cover is designed, which in turn are dependent at least on the dimensions of the intended user. Optionally, the waist flaps may be truncated or eliminated (see below regarding
The shoulder flaps 16 are located between the waist flaps 14, and each shoulder strap 16 extends upward from the top of the central portion 12, preferably to sufficient length that they may extend over the ridge of a user's shoulder. In this way, the leading edge of the shoulder flaps 16 are less likely to be snagged by elements in the user's surroundings during forward movement. The required length varies with the particular BCD size.
A cover as described herein adds weight, bulk and complexity to a jacket-style BCD. A user may have periodic or occasional need for the benefits of a protective cover, but may prefer, at other times, to use an uncovered BCD. Rather than have available multiple BCDs to provide these multiple uses, it is desirable to apply a protective cover to a single BCD only at those times when particularly needed. Consequently, when the added protection of the cover is not needed by the user, means of removing the cover is necessary. The cover 10 is removably attached to the BCD 99 by securing means that secures substantially the entire perimeter 21 of the cover 10 to the BCD. As well as for retaining the cover 10 in position, the securing means ensures that the cover 10, at the perimeter, does not present any protrusion that might snag on external objects or slow the user by inducing drag to water flow around the user. For this reason, widely spaced point attachment devices are undesirable as a securing means.
In the embodiment shown in
Other less preferable devices and constructions for providing the securing means are also contemplated. In one alternative, mating hook-and-loop fastening elements are attached to the cover 10 and BCD 99 at their perimeters in the general location of the zipper 24 shown in the figures. To simplify construction, hook-and-loop fasteners may be used in short spans, between, and in combination with, multiple lengths of zipper. The securing means may also take the form of snaps as long as very short center-to-center distances are used. However, such a construction is not preferred as such a construction creates greater risk of snagging due to the open spaces between snaps.
The principal function of the inventive cover 10 is to protect the BCD by providing a physical barrier between the BCD and potentially damaging external structures. The cover 10 is preferably constructed of a single layer of rubber or plastic impregnated or coated fabric sheet. The desired properties in cover materials are toughness and durability, chemical stability with respect to salt water, and flexibility. As well, a closed construction that retains minimal water, such as is provided by most coated fabrics, is preferred. Many sheet materials such as are typically used in construction of BCDs are appropriate. Solid plastic sheets such as high density polyethylene may also possibly be used, but they are not preferred as they may lack the conformability of the more flexible fabric-based materials. Heavy-weight uncoated fabrics and mesh materials may also provide the desired durability and toughness. Non-fabric based flexible materials having elastic properties, such as closed cell rubber sheet material may also be used. Other flexible sheet materials having similar properties as those above as also contemplated.
The cover 10 is preferably formed of a single sheet of material without three-dimensional contouring. The preferred cover 10, when removed from a BCD, should be capable of being laid flat and tightly rolled upon itself. As shown in the figures, the cover 10 may include centrally located slits to accommodate tank straps, or holes to accommodate BCD mounted elements or appliances such as an air hose or overpressure valve. Drain holes are preferably provided at lower margins of the cover 10 to allow draining of any captured water. Pockets and other accessories as are found on BCDs may also be integrated to the outside of the cover 10. Alternatively, multiple plies or layers of one or more flexible sheet materials may be combined to provide the required toughness and other properties.
While the present inventive cover 10 may be employed with a BCD having a bladder and exterior cover, the present invention provides the greatest benefit with bladder-less type BCDs. The invention includes an improvement to prior art BCDs in the form of a removable cover as described above. The invention is also methods by which a BCD may be protected by incorporation of the novel cover as described.
The preceding discussion is provided for example only. Other variations of the claimed inventive concepts will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Adaptation or incorporation of known alternative devices and materials, present and future is also contemplated. The intended scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
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| 5011334 | Vorhauer | Apr 1991 | A |
| 5953750 | Stella | Sep 1999 | A |
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| 20040181843 | Grilliot et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
