Patent Application
20130233212
The present invention relates to a burner, a reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace including the burner, and a power plant including the reaction furnace, and more particularly, to a burner installed in a reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace.
A reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace provided in a power plant includes a pressure vessel 11 and a reaction furnace body 12 provided in the pressure vessel 11 as illustrated in
The burner 20 includes a fuel tube 22 through which a fuel such as dust coal is guided by nitrogen or the like serving as a carrier gas; an oxidizer tube 23 which covers the outer periphery of the fuel tube 22 and through which an oxidizer such as air is guided from an oxidizer connecting flange portion 23c into the space formed with the outer periphery of the fuel tube 22; and a guide cylinder 24 provided on the outer periphery of the oxidizer tube 23.
During operation of a power plant (not illustrated), thermal stretching occurs in each of the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11. Accordingly, a difference in thermal stretching is generated between the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11 due to a difference in temperature or material. This causes the burner 20 to warp as illustrated in
When the burner 20 warps as illustrated in
However, heretofore, a reaction furnace system such as a gasification furnace, for example, an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant, has a structure in which part of gas generated in the reaction furnace body 12 is guided to the space portion 13 of the reaction furnace 10. As disclosed in PTL 1, when the expansions 25 are used for the guide cylinder 24 and the oxidizer tube 23, the expansions 25 which are thin members may corrode and rupture due to corrosive gas contained in the generated gas. Particularly, in the case of the oxidizer tube 23, an oxidizer such as air leaks. For this reason, the use of displacement absorbing members such as the expansions 25 for the oxidizer tube 23 is impractical.
To alleviate the stress generated in the fixed portion of the oxidizer tube 23 in view of an adverse effect such as corrosion, there is employed a method for preventing deformation or breakage by increasing the overall length of the oxidizer tube 23 and reducing an angular displacement to thereby reduce the stress generated in the fixed portion at both ends to be equal to or smaller than an allowable value as disclosed in PTL 1. Therefore, the length of the burner 20 (length indicated by “A” in
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2003-336809
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. Hei07-133904
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. Hei10-300022
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. Hei10-281414
However, when the length of the burner 20 is determined as the length corresponding to the stress generated in the fixed portion of the oxidizer tube 23, there is a problem that the weight of the burner 20 increases and the maintainability during maintenance by pulling out the burner 20 deteriorates. In addition, there is a situation where the layout of peripheral devices and pipes of the burner 20 is limited.
As illustrated in
Thus, if thermal stretching occurs in the oxidizer tube 3 due to a flow of an high-temperature oxidizer therethrough, the oxidizer tube 3 stretches and projects toward the inside of the reaction furnace 12 and the burning position of the burner greatly varies, which makes it difficult to achieve stable burning.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a burner capable of weight reduction by reducing the burner length, improving the maintainability and layout of peripheral devices, and capable of stable burning without changing the burning position even when thermal stretching occurs in the burner, a reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace including the burner, and a power plant including the reaction furnace.
To solve the above-mentioned problem, a burner of the present invention provides the following solutions.
That is, a burner according to the present invention includes: a fuel tube; an oxidizer tube through which an oxidizer is guided to a space formed with a side wall of the fuel tube, the oxidizer tube being substantially concentric to the fuel tube and covering an outer periphery of the fuel tube; a protective cylinder that covers an outer periphery of the oxidizer tube; and a displacement absorbing member provided to at least a part in an extending direction of the protective cylinder and the oxidizer tube. The fuel tube, the oxidizer tube, and the protective cylinder have a proximal end fixed to a side wall of an inner vessel of a gasification furnace filled with non-oxidizing gas in a space between the inner vessel and an outer vessel covering the inner vessel, and penetrate the outer vessel and extend from the side wall of the inner vessel toward an outside. An overall length is determined depending on a stress generated in the fuel tube. The oxidizer tube is positioned with respect to the side wall of the inner vessel to prevent a length of a distal end of each of the oxidizer tube and the fuel tube projecting to an inside of the gasification furnace from changing.
An adverse effect of corrosion due to generated gas can be avoided by filling non-oxidizing gas in the space between the inner vessel and the outer vessel of the gasification furnace including the inner vessel and the outer vessel. Additionally, the displacement absorbing member such as a flexible tube susceptible to corrosion can also be used for the oxidizer tube of the burner. For this reason, the displacement absorbing member is provided to at least a part in the extending direction of the oxidizer tube of the burner having a proximal end fixed to the side wall of the inner vessel of the gasification furnace. As a result, the displacement absorbing member can absorb a bending stress, which is generated in the oxidizer tube, out of the bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube and the fuel tube due to warping of the burner when a difference in thermal stretching occurs between the inner vessel and the outer vessel due to a difference in temperature and material of the inner vessel and the outer vessel. For example, air is used as the oxidizer.
As described above, the burner length can be determined based on the length of the fuel tube depending on the stress generated in the fuel tube. In this case, the fuel tube having a minimum tube diameter among tubes constituting the burner and the protective cylinder has a small generated bending stress as compared with other tubes with the same length and bending amount. In other words, in the case of allowing the generated stress at the same level, the same bending amount can be dealt with a length smaller than that of other tubes having a larger tube diameter. Thus, the burner length can be reduced as compared with the conventional case in which the burner length is determined based on the bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube having a tube diameter larger than that of the fuel tube. Accordingly, the weight of the burner can be reduced and the maintainability of the burner can be improved.
Note that a bendable flexible tube, bellows stretchable in the extending direction of the oxidizer tube, or the like can be used as the displacement absorbing member.
The oxidizer tube is positioned with respect to the side wall of the inner vessel so as to prevent the length of the distal end of the oxidizer tube projecting to the inside of the reaction furnace from changing. The thermal stretching in the axial direction of the oxidizer tube, which occurs in the space between the positioning portion (fixed portion) of the inner side wall and the furnace outer fixed portion is absorbed by the above-mentioned displacement absorbing member. Since the length from the positioning portion (fixed portion) of the inner side wall to the furnace inner distal end of the oxidizer tube is small, the amount of thermal stretching in the furnace inside axial direction at this portion is extremely small and negligible in terms of combustion. Consequently, the adverse effect of thermal stretching of the oxidizer tube is eliminated, and the burner can be stably burned at a predetermined position.
Further, a reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace according to the present invention includes the burner described above.
A burner capable of reducing a burner length is used. This enables reduction in a space around the burner installed in a reaction furnace such as a gasification furnace and improvement in maintainability.
Further, a power plant according to the present invention includes the reaction furnace described above.
A reaction furnace capable of reducing a space in the vicinity the burner is used. This makes it possible to reduce the space of the power plant and improve the maintainability.
According to the invention described above, an adverse effect of corrosion due to generated gas can be avoided by filling non-oxidizing gas in a space between an inner vessel and an outer vessel of a reaction furnace including the inner vessel and the outer vessel, and a displacement absorbing member such as a flexible tube, which is a thin member susceptible to corrosion and rupture, can be used for an oxidizer tube of the burner. For this reason, the displacement absorbing member is provided to at least a part in the extending direction of the oxidizer tube of the burner having a proximal end fixed to the side wall of the inner vessel of the gasification furnace. As a result, the displacement absorbing member can absorb a bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube due to warping of the oxidizer tube when a difference in thermal stretching occurs between the inner vessel and the outer vessel due to a difference in temperature and material of the inner vessel and the outer vessel. The burner length is determined based on the length of the fuel tube depending on the stress generated in the fuel tube. In this case, the fuel tube having a minimum tube diameter among tubes constituting the burner and the protective cylinder has a small generated bending stress as compared with other tubes with the same length and bending amount. In other words, in the case of allowing the generated stress at the same level, the same bending amount can be dealt with a length smaller than that of other tubes having a larger tube diameter. Thus, the burner length can be reduced as compared with the conventional case in which the burner length is determined based on the bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube having a tube diameter larger than that of the fuel tube. Accordingly, the weight of the burner can be reduced and the maintainability of the burner can be improved.
Further, the oxidizer tube is positioned with respect to the side wall of the inner vessel. The thermal stretching in the axial direction of the oxidizer tube, which occurs in the space between the positioning portion (fixed portion) of the inner side wall and the furnace outer fixed portion is absorbed by the above-mentioned displacement absorbing member. Since the length from the positioning portion (fixed portion) of the inner side wall to the furnace inner distal end of the oxidizer tube is small, the amount of thermal stretching in the furnace inside axial direction at this portion is extremely small and negligible in terms of combustion. Consequently, the adverse effect of thermal stretching of the oxidizer tube is eliminated, and the burner can be stably burned at a predetermined position.
An integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant (IGCC; Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle) using a carbon-containing fuel (for example, coal) as a fuel mainly includes a coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10, a gas turbine (not illustrated), a heat recovery steam boiler (not illustrated), and a stream turbine (not illustrated).
At an upstream side of the coal gasification furnace 10, a coal supply facility (not illustrated) for supplying dust coal to the coal gasification furnace 10 is provided. This coal supply facility includes a grinder (not illustrated) which grinds material coal into dust coal having a size of several μm to several hundred μm. The dust coal ground by the grinder is transported to the coal gasification furnace 10 together with carrier gas such as nitrogen at a certain flow rate.
The coal gasification furnace 10 includes a reaction furnace (inner vessel) 12 serving as a water wall, a pressure vessel (outer vessel) 11 covering the reaction furnace 12, and a space portion 13, which is called an annulus, between the reaction furnace 12 and the pressure vessel 11. The space portion 13 is filled with non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen gas.
At the side wall of the reaction furnace 12 of the coal gasification furnace 10, the burner 1 is fixed so as to be orthogonal to the side wall. The burner 1 is fixed to a reaction furnace-side opening 12a, which is opened in the side wall of the reaction furnace 12, through the seal box 15. The seal box 15 is made of SUS and refractory material, for example. The burner 1 penetrates the substantially central portion of the seal box 15.
The burner 1 having one end fixed to a side wall of the reaction furnace 12 through the seal box 15 extends so as to be orthogonal to the side wall of the reaction furnace 12, and penetrates a pressure-vessel-side opening 11a of the pressure vessel 11 which is provided so as to be opposed to the reaction furnace-side opening 12a of the reaction furnace 12.
As illustrated in
The oxidizer tube 3 is provided with oxidizer tube expansions 7.
The pressure-vessel-side opening 11a serves as a flange and is fixed with a support cylinder 16, which allows the burner 1 to be supported on the pressure-vessel-side opening 11a serving as a flange, and a bolt (not illustrated). Both ends of the support cylinder 16 serve as flange portions 16a and 16b, respectively.
The burner 1 includes a fuel tube 2, an oxidizer tube 3 which is substantially concentric to the fuel tube 2 and covers the outer periphery of the fuel tube 2, and a guide cylinder (protective tube) 4 which is substantially concentric to the fuel tube 2 and the oxidizer tube 3 and covers the outer periphery of the oxidizer tube 3.
The fuel tube 2 is a tube through which finely-powdered fuel such as dust coal transported therein by nitrogen or the like is guided. The fuel tube 2 has one end extending in the reaction furnace body 12 through the seal box 15 as illustrated in
The length (burner selected length in
The fuel tube 2 includes a plurality of supports 6 extending from the outer wall toward the outside. The plurality of supports 6 is provided radially in the circumferential direction of the fuel tube 2 and at different locations in the axial direction of the fuel tube 2. Extending ends of the supports 6 radially extending are located in the vicinity of the inner wall of the oxidizer tube 3 and are not fixed to the inner wall of the oxidizer tube 3. The plurality of supports 6 is provided on the outer wall of the fuel tube 2, thereby supporting the fuel tube 2 from the inside of the oxidizer tube 3.
The oxidizer tube 3 covers the outer periphery of the fuel tube 2 and has an outer dimension greater than that of the fuel tube 2. An oxidizer introducing flange portion 3c is provided on the side wall of the oxidizer tube 3. An oxidizer such as air is introduced into the oxidizer tube 3 from the oxidizer introducing flange portion 3c in the space between the inner wall of the oxidizer tube 3 and the outer wall of the fuel tube 2.
As illustrated in
An oxidizer tube expansion (displacement absorbing member) 7 is provided to a part (at least a part in the extending direction; at two positions in
The guide cylinder 4 covers the outer periphery of each of the combustion tube 2 and the oxidizer tube 3, and has an outer dimension greater than that of the oxidizer tube 3. The guide cylinder 4 includes the oxidizer tube 3 and the fuel tube 2. A non-oxidizing gas introducing tube for guiding non-oxidizing gas to a space portion (not illustrated) between the inner wall of the guide cylinder 4 and the outer wall of the oxidizer tube 3, and a flange portion 4c are provided at an outer wall between the flange portion 4a and a flange portion 4b of the guide cylinder 4.
The non-oxidizing gas guided from the flange portion 4c is nitrogen gas, for example. One end of the guide cylinder 4 is supported by the seal box 15, and the other end of the guide cylinder 4 is supported by the flange portion 4b.
The guide cylinder 4 is provided with the flange portion 4a, which is connected to the flange portion 3b provided to the above-mentioned oxidizer tube 3, at an end opposite to one end fixed to the seal box 15. The guide cylinder 4 is also provided with the flange portion 4b at the side of the coal gasification furnace 10 relative to the flange portion 4a. The flange portion 4b is connectable to the flange portion 16b of the support cylinder 16.
The guide cylinder 4 has a function of blocking the space portion 13 and the space in the vicinity of the oxidizer tube 3, and protecting the oxidizer tube 3 from generated gas or char, part of which is flown in only occasionally. A non-oxidizing gas (for example, nitrogen) is supplied from the non-oxidizing gas introducing tube and the flange portion 4c to the space between the inside of the guide cylinder 4 and the outside of the oxidizer tube 3 to keep a nitrogen atmosphere.
The guide cylinder 4 is provided with guide cylinder expansions 5 at a part (at two locations in
Next, a state where a stress is applied to the burner 1 when the power plant is operated will be described with reference to
The operation of the power plant (not illustrated) causes thermal stretching in each of the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11 of the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10. The thermal stretching occurring in the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11 causes a difference (thermal stretching difference) due to a difference in material or temperature of the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11. Accordingly, in the burner 1 which is inserted into the reaction furnace body 12 from the outside of the pressure vessel 11, a side (hereinafter referred to as “proximal end”) which is fixed to the reaction furnace body 12 through the seal box 15, for example, is displaced downward along with the operation start.
However, the oxidizer tube expansions 7 are also provided to the oxidizer tube 3, in addition to the guide cylinder expansions 5 provided to the guide cylinder 4, so each oxidizer tube expansion 7 warps downward when the proximal end of the burner 1 is to be displaced downward. This alleviates a bending stress generated at the proximal end of the oxidizer tube 3, the flange portion 3b of the oxidizer tube 3, and the fixed portion of the oxidizer tube 3.
While the bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube 3 is alleviated by each oxidizer tube expansion 7, a bending stress is generated in the fuel tube 2 due to the downward displacement of the burner 1. In this case, the fuel tube 2 has a tube diameter smaller than that of the oxidizer tube 3 and the guide cylinder 4 which constitute the burner 1. The generated bending stress is smaller than that of other tubes with the same length and bending amount. In other words, in the case of allowing the generated stress at the same level, the same bending amount can be dealt with with a length smaller than that of other tubes having a larger tube diameter. Thus, the length (length indicated by “A” in
Note that the space portion 13 of the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10 is filled with the non-oxidizing gas guided from the non-oxidizing gas introducing tube 4c, thereby preventing part of the generated gas having corrosive properties from flowing from the inside of the reaction furnace body 12. Therefore, there is no possibility of causing corrosion of the oxidizer tube 3 and the oxidizer tube expansions 7 due to the generated gas having corrosive properties.
As illustrated in
As described above, the burner 1 according to this embodiment, the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10 including the burner 1, and the power plant including the coal gasification furnace 10 provide the following operation and effect.
The space portion 13 formed between the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11 of the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10 including the reaction furnace body (inner vessel) 12 and the pressure vessel (outer vessel) 11 is filled with nitrogen gas which is non-oxidizing gas. An oxidizer tube expansion (displacement absorbing member) 7 is provided to a part (at least a part) in the extending direction of the oxidizer tube 3 of the burner 1 having a proximal end fixed at the side wall of the reaction furnace body 12 of the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10. As a result, the oxidizer tube expansions 7 can absorb the bending stress, which is generated in the oxidizer tube 3, out of the bending stress generated in the oxidizer tube 3 and the fuel tube 2 due to warping of the burner 1 when a thermal stretching difference occurs between the reaction furnace body 12 and the pressure vessel 11 due to a difference in temperature or material thereof. The length (length indicated by “A” in
The burner 1 capable of reducing the overall length is used. This reduces the space around the burner 1 which is installed in the coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10.
The coal gasification furnace (reaction furnace) 10 capable of reducing the space around the burner 1 is used. This reduces the space of the power plant.
The oxidizer tube 3 is fixed by the positioning portion 30 at the inner side wall. The thermal stretching in the axial direction of the oxidizer tube 3, which occurs between the positioning portion 30 (fixed portion) at the inner side wall and the furnace outer fixed portion is absorbed by the oxidizer tube expansions 7 attached to the oxidizer tube 3. Since the length from the positioning portion 30 (fixed portion) of the inner side wall to the furnace inner distal end of the oxidizer tube 3 is small, the amount of thermal stretching in the furnace inner axial direction at this portion is extremely small and negligible in terms of combustion. This suppresses a change in position of the burner distal end 3d of the oxidizer tube 3 due to great thermal stretching. As a result, the position of the burner distal end 3d hardly changes from the predetermined position, thereby enabling stable burner combustion. The oxidizer tube 3 is provided with the oxidizer tube expansions 7. Thus, the oxidizer tube expansions 7 can absorb the thermal stretching of the oxidizer tube 3 at the side of outer vessel 11 from the fixed portion 30.
This embodiment illustrates the case where the oxidizer tube expansions 7 and the guide cylinder expansions 5 are provided as the displacement absorbing member, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any expansion such as bellows stretchable in the extending direction of the oxidizer tube 3 and the guide cylinder 4 may also be used.
Examples of the finely-powdered fuel such as dust coal to be introduced into the fuel tube 2 include char, oil, and gas.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 081095 | Mar 2011 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/058544 | 3/30/2012 | WO | 00 | 4/23/2013 |
