Patent Grant
10937571
This application is a U.S. National Phase application under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2017/083664, filed on Dec. 19, 2017, and claims benefit to Indian Patent Application No. IN 201611043504, filed on Dec. 20, 2016. The International Application was published in English on Jun. 28, 2018 as WO 2018/115027 A1 under PCT Article 21(2).
The invention relates to a bushing.
A bushing is known in the electrical field of medium and high voltages as an insulated device that allows an electrical conductor to pass safely through a typically earthed conducting barrier such as the wall of a transformer or circuit breaker.
Presently for switchgear voltage measurement, voltage transformers or resistive voltage divider circuits are used. But as these voltages transformer or resistive divider circuits are connected with the high voltage bus, the voltage transformers or resistor divider circuits are very big in size because of the high bus voltage. Similarly, current transformers are used for switchgear high current measurement. In general the current transformers have a magnetic saturation problem due to high current amplitude. The current transformers are also very big in size in order to handle high current measurement.
More compact solutions are known, for example from WO 2013113954, in which a voltage sensor or current sensor is embedded in the insulation layer of the bushing. However, each type of sensor has a different arrangement and mounting, such that combining of the known sensors in one bushing is difficult.
WO 2013113954 shows a bushing having a voltage sensor and a current sensor concentrically arranged and embedded in potting material. Due to the arrangement of both sensors in line with each other, the length of the bushing will increase. Furthermore, when only one of the sensor is to be embedded in the bushing, a different embodiment of the bushing is needed, or the length of the bushing will be unnecessarily long. However, due to the usual space limitations a compact design is desirable.
Thus during manufacturing of the bushing according to the prior art, different embodiments need to be available, depending on the type of sensor embedded, which increases the variety and the number of parts to be kept in stock.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides a bushing, comprising: an elongate electrical conductor; an insulation layer arranged around the elongate electrical conductor; an electrically conducting sleeve coaxially arranged with the electrical conductor; and a ring shaped printed circuit board with electrical components coaxially arranged around the electrical conductor, wherein the sleeve and the printed circuit board are embedded in the insulation layer, and wherein the ring shaped printed circuit board is positioned in an axial direction between both ends of the electrically conducting sleeve.
The present invention will be described in even greater detail below based on the exemplary figures. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. Other features and advantages of various embodiments of the present invention will become apparent by reading the following detailed description with reference to the attached drawings which illustrate the following:
In an embodiment, the present invention reduces the above mentioned disadvantages with a bushing comprising:
With the bushing according to the invention, it is possible to arrange a variety of sensors in the bushing, without changing the design of the bushing, such as the length.
The electrical conducting sleeve provides a screen for the printed circuit board, such that the electrical components on the board are less influenced by the electrical field of the elongate electrical conductor. Without such a screen the electrical field would be too high for the electrical components to function.
Using a ring shaped printed circuit board provides sufficient space for the components and it allows to evenly distribute electrical components around the circumference of the electrical conductor, which is for some types of sensors desired.
Furthermore, a bushing typically has a widened portion, for example to provide a mounting flange, such that sufficient space is available in the bushing to accommodate both the sleeve and the ring shaped circuit board.
In a preferred embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises at least one radial extension, which extension extends out of the insulation layer. This extension can be used for positioning the printed circuit board in the mold when molding the insulation layer. The extensions can further be used as terminal for the electronic components inside of the bushing and thus allow for easy connection.
In another preferred embodiment a protective layer is arranged on the printed circuit board for protecting the electrical components arranged on the printed circuit board.
A bushing typically gets hot during use and the insulation layer may typically expand differently than the printed circuit board and the components arranged thereon. To prevent that due to temperature changes, the electrical components are sheared of the circuit board, a protective layer could be provided.
Also during manufacturing of the bushing, the epoxy is applied in liquid or semi liquid form. During solidification, the epoxy will generate thermo-mechanical stress to the components arranged on the circuit board. As a result the electrical components may break or unmount from the circuit board. The protective layer according to the invention prevents this from occurring.
Preferably the protective layer has a higher elasticity and/or a higher plasticity than the insulation layer. Due to the higher elasticity and/or higher plasticity, the protective layer can easily take up the differences in expansion.
The insulation layer typically comprises an epoxy material.
In yet another embodiment of the bushing according to the invention a second electrically conducting sleeve is coaxially arranged enveloping the electrical components of the printed circuit board for shielding the electrical components for external electrical and/or magnetic fields.
Electrical conductors are typically arranged in a threesome corresponding to the electrical phases. So, other electrical conductors, generating their own electrical and/or magnetic field will be close. As a result the electrical components on the printed circuit board could also be influenced by the external electrical and/or magnetic fields. With the second electrically conducting sleeve, also a screen for the electrical components is provided against external influences.
Preferably, the second electrically conducting sleeve is of a soft magnetic material. This ensures that magnetic fields are easily shielded.
Still another embodiment of the bushing according to the invention further comprising a capacitor arranged on the printed circuit board and wherein the electrically conducting sleeve is electrically connected to the printed circuit board to provide in combination with the capacitor a voltage divider.
The electrically conducting sleeve, which provides the shielding of the printed circuit board, can also embody a capacitor together with the electrical conductor. By arranging a capacitor on the printed circuit board, a voltage divider is provided, which can easily measure high voltages.
Yet another embodiment of the bushing according to the invention further comprising a Rogowski coil arranged on the printed circuit board. A Rogowski coil needs to run around an electrical conductor to measure the alternating current in the electrical conductor. As the printed circuit board already is annular, it provides a suitable basis for arranging a Rogowski coil.
The Rogowski coil could be provided as tracks on the printed circuit board, or for example as a second printed circuit board, around which the wire for the coil is wound, which second circuit board is connected to the first printed circuit board.
A further embodiment of the bushing according to the invention further comprising a magnetic field sensor, such as a Hall sensor or a Giant magnetoresistance sensor, arranged on the printed circuit board.
These magnetic field sensor can measure the magnetic field generated by the electrical conductor and based on the measurements, an accurate current measurement can be done. Again, the printed circuit board provides a suitable and compact base for arranging such sensors in the bushing.
Yet a further embodiment of the bushing according to the invention comprises a mounting flange radially extending from the insulation layer for mounting the bushing.
With the mounting flange, the bushing can be mounted for example in a wall of a switch gear cabinet.
An electrically conducting sleeve 4 is coaxially arranged around the elongate electrical conductor 2 and also embedded in the insulation layer 3. Also coaxially arranged is an annular printed circuit board 5. This printed circuit board 5 is positioned on the outside of the sleeve 4 in axial direction between both ends 6, 7 of the electrically conducting sleeve 4.
In this embodiment 10, the electrically conducting sleeve 4 is electrically connected via a connector 11 to the printed circuit board 5. Furthermore, a capacitor 12 is arranged on the printed circuit board 5. This allows for a voltage divider consisting of a first capacitance of the elongate electrical conductor 2 and the electrically conducting sleeve 4 and a second capacitance of the capacitor 12.
The sleeve 4 will shield the electrical components 12 largely from the electrical field of the electrical conductor 2.
The printed circuit board 5 is provided with a protective layer 13 covering the electrical components 12. Preferably, the protective layer 13 is softer, i.e. has a higher elasticity and/or a higher plasticity, than the insulation layer 3.
The printed circuit board 5 has an extension 8, which extends out of the insulation layer 3 to provide a terminal connection for a voltage indicator 14.
The electrically conducting sleeve 4 is connected via a connector 21 to the printed circuit board. A second electrically conducting sleeve 22 is coaxially arranged around the elongate electrical conductor 2 and the sleeve 4. This provides for an area in the insulation layer 3, in which electrical components 23 are largely enveloped by the sleeves 4 and 22. This reduces the electrical field of the elongate electrical conductor 2 and any external influences, such that a sensitive sensor 23, such as a Hall sensor or GMR, can measure for example the magnetic field.
The sleeves 4, 22 are acting as screens. The electrical field from the conductor 2 is substantially reduced by the sleeve 4. The external electrical and/or magnetic field is substantially reduced by sleeve 22. As a result the measurement of the magnetic sensor 23, such as a Hall sensor or GMR, will not be disturbed by any external noise field.
The connections of the sensor 23 are connected with the printed circuit board 5 using an interfacing connector and an external lead 24 can be connected to the printed circuit board 5, via the extension 8.
In this embodiment 30, a second annular printed circuit board 31 is connected to the printed circuit board 5 via connectors 32. Such an annular printed circuit board 31 can for example be used for a Rogowski coil for measuring the alternating current in the elongate electrical conductor 2.
The second annular printed circuit board 31 is shielded from the electrical conductor 2 by the electrically conducting sleeve 4 and from any external fields by a second electrically conducting sleeve 33. This ensures that the electrical field from the conductor 2 is substantially reduced by the sleeve 4 to the both circular PCBs. The electrically conducting sleeve 4 is connected via a connector 21 to the printed circuit board 5. The external electrical and/or magnetic field is substantially reduced by sleeves 22 to the Rogowski coil PCB.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. It will be understood that changes and modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill within the scope of the following claims. In particular, the present invention covers further embodiments with any combination of features from different embodiments described above and below. Additionally, statements made herein characterizing the invention refer to an embodiment of the invention and not necessarily all embodiments.
The terms used in the claims should be construed to have the broadest reasonable interpretation consistent with the foregoing description. For example, the use of the article “a” or “the” in introducing an element should not be interpreted as being exclusive of a plurality of elements. Likewise, the recitation of “or” should be interpreted as being inclusive, such that the recitation of “A or B” is not exclusive of “A and B,” unless it is clear from the context or the foregoing description that only one of A and B is intended. Further, the recitation of “at least one of A, B and C” should be interpreted as one or more of a group of elements consisting of A, B and C, and should not be interpreted as requiring at least one of each of the listed elements A, B and C, regardless of whether A, B and C are related as categories or otherwise. Moreover, the recitation of “A, B and/or C” or “at least one of A, B or C” should be interpreted as including any singular entity from the listed elements, e.g., A, any subset from the listed elements, e.g., A and B, or the entire list of elements A, B and C.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201611043504 | Dec 2016 | IN | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/083664 | 12/19/2017 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/115027 | 6/28/2018 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4115779 | Dantzler | Sep 1978 | A |
| 4924067 | Wilhelmson | May 1990 | A |
| 5455488 | Rhoades | Oct 1995 | A |
| 5457450 | Deese | Oct 1995 | A |
| 6166323 | Kelch | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6462731 | Stoffers | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6572402 | Lin | Jun 2003 | B2 |
| 6719578 | Klassen | Apr 2004 | B1 |
| 7086892 | Tanacan | Aug 2006 | B2 |
| 7607937 | Chang | Oct 2009 | B1 |
| 7677916 | Chang | Mar 2010 | B2 |
| 8011935 | Ko | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 20070029879 | Eldredge | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20080024116 | Clemens et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080094764 | Zhang | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20090160427 | Drake | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20110081852 | Sahibzada | Apr 2011 | A1 |
| 20120019267 | Tabuchi | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120168224 | Seifert | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20130025912 | Hoefner | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20190093837 | Dicken | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2678115 | Dec 1992 | FR |
| WO 2013113954 | Aug 2013 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200082961 A1 | Mar 2020 | US |
