Patent Application
20090314911
The present invention relates to an operator's cab supporting apparatus of a work machine for supporting a cab frame on a vehicle body frame, in the work machine, for example, a crawler dozer.
Generally, in the work machine such as the crawler dozer, a bracket is fixed at a plurality of positions on a vehicle body frame, and a cab frame is supported on the bracket. A damper is interposed between each of the brackets and the cab frame, and a vibration and an impact transmitted to the cab frame are damped by the damper. In each of the dampers, there is installed a movement limiting mechanism for limiting a movement of the cab frame in a vertical direction, a front-rear direction, and a lateral direction. Further, when a great load is applied to the cab frame from the outside in the case that the work machine rolls over by any chance, the movement of the cab frame in the vertical direction or the like is limited within a predetermined range by the movement limiting mechanism.
However, in the cab supporting apparatus having the structure mentioned above, since the movement limiting mechanism is installed in each of the dampers as mentioned above, the structure of the damper is complicated, and each of the dampers is enlarged in size, so that a cost required for installing the cab supporting apparatus is significantly increased.
In view of the problem mentioned above, there has been conventionally proposed a cab supporting apparatus of a work machine in which a damper and a movement limiting mechanism are arranged at different positions.
In this conventional cab supporting apparatus, since the movement limiting mechanism is provided independently from the damper, it is possible to achieve a downsizing of a damper and a simplification of an internal structure thereof. However, since the damper and the movement limiting mechanism are independent, brackets therefor may be provided independently. In such a case, the structure of the entire cab supporting apparatus becomes complicated, and a wide installing space for the cab supporting apparatus is required.
For the purpose of simplifying the structure of the cab supporting apparatus, a cab supporting apparatus is proposed in Patent Document 1. In the cab supporting apparatus of Patent Document 1, a cab frame is supported to a vehicle body frame with a damper. Further, as shown in
Further, in the case that the cab frame 102 is moved in a direction away from the vehicle body frame 109, that is, upward in
Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-189089
However, in the conventional cab supporting apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the movement limiting mechanism includes a plurality of members such as the shaft member 105, the spacer 106, the stopper 107, the supporting plate 108 and the like in addition to the bracket 101. Accordingly, the number of the parts is increased, the structure of the movement limiting mechanism is complicated, and there is a problem that it takes a lot of trouble with assembling and dismounting.
The present invention was made for solving the above problems in the prior art. An objective of the present invention is to provide a cab supporting apparatus of a work machine which limits a movement of a cab frame by using a bracket for supporting a cab frame, and simplifies the structure.
In order to achieve the objective mentioned above, and in accordance with the invention, a cab frame is supported on brackets provided at a plurality of positions of a vehicle body frame with vibration proofing mount means, and limiting means for limiting a movement at least in a vertical direction of the cab frame is provided between the bracket and the cab frame. Further, the limiting means is provided at least at two positions, the limiting means includes a lower limiting portion close to the bracket, and an upper limiting portion close to the cab frame, and the lower limiting portion is integrally structured with the bracket. The structure in which the lower limiting portion is integrated with the bracket includes a structure in which the lower limiting portion is fixed by welding, and fixed by a bolt or the like, in addition to the structure in which the lower limiting portion is integrated with the bracket.
Accordingly, in the cab supporting apparatus, the limiting means can be arranged by using a bracket for supporting the cab frame. Therefore, it is possible to make the structure of the cab supporting apparatus compact, and it is possible to simplify the structure of the cab supporting apparatus by reducing the number of the parts.
In the structure mentioned above, it is preferable to form a recess in a side edge of at least one of the lower limiting portion and the upper limiting portion, whereby the limiting portion in the opposition side is positioned within the recess.
In the structure mentioned above, if the structure is made such that at least one of the lower limiting portion and the upper limiting portion forms a hook portion in a distal end thereof, and the hook portion limits the movement of the cab frame, it is possible to reliably regulate the position of the cab frame in the hook portion.
In the structure mentioned above, if an upper end of the bracket includes a plate member, and the lower limiting portion is integrally formed in the plate member, the limiting means is simply structured only by forming the plate member in accordance with a cutting work, for example, by a plasma arc cutting machine.
In the structure mentioned above, if a plate member is fixed to a bottom surface of the cab frame, and the upper limiting portion is integrally formed in the plate member, the limiting means is simply structured only by forming the plate member in accordance with a cutting work, for example, by a plasma arc cutting machine, in the same manner as mentioned above.
Further, in the structure mentioned above, a lower portion is provided in a front portion of a floor portion of the cab frame, a higher portion is provided in a rear portion, and the vibration proofing mount means is interposed between the bracket, and the lower portion and the higher portion of the floor portion. Further, in the limiting means between the vehicle body frame and both right and left end portions in the lower portion of the cab frame, the limitation in the moving range of the cab frame is cancelled at least in one direction other than the vertical direction.
Further, when the work machine, for example, rolls over, an excessive load is applied at a high sharing rate to the rear portion of the cab frame. On the other hand, since the excessive load is applied only at a low sharing rate to the front portion of the cab frame, the excessive load can be borne even if the limitation of the moving range is cancelled. Accordingly, it is possible to simplify the structure as a whole of the cab supporting apparatus, and it is possible to reduce the manufacturing costs.
a) and 9(b) are partially plan views respectively showing a structure which allows a difference of a vehicle body frame;
a) is an enlarged front view of a portion of circle 180 in
b) is a cross-sectional plan view showing first and second limiting plates;
A description will be given of work machines according to embodiments of the invention. In the present embodiment, the work machines are crawler dozers.
First, a description will be given of a first embodiment with reference to
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
A plurality of upper plates 25 corresponding to metal plate members are fixed to a lower surface of the floor portion 16 of the cab frame 14 by a plurality of bolts 26 and nuts (not shown) in such a manner as to correspond to each of the brackets 12 and 13. A stud 27 is fixed to a lower surface of each of the upper plates 25 by a bolt 28. A damping member 29 made of an elastic material such as a rubber or the like is interposed between the stud 27 and the case 23, and the damping member 29 closes an upper end opening of the case 23. Although not illustrated, a valve body, which is positioned in the damping fluid within the case 23 of the damper 15, is fixed to a lower end portion of the stud 27. Further, a spring (not shown) is interposed between the valve body and an inner bottom surface of the case 23, and the cab frame 14 is urged upward with the stud 27 by this spring.
Further, in the case that a vibration or an impact is applied to the vehicle body frame 11 at a time when the crawler dozer travels or the like, the stud 27 of each of the dampers 15 is relatively moved in a vertical direction, a front-rear direction and a lateral direction with respect to the case 23. On the basis of relative movement, the damping member 29 and the spring are elastically deformed, and the valve body is moved in the damping fluid, whereby a fluid resistance is generated in an orifice within the damping fluid. Further, the vibration and the impact transmitted to the cab frame 14 are damped and reduced on the basis of a cooperation of an elastic deformation and a fluid resistance.
As shown in
Accordingly, a description will be given in detail of the structure of the movement limiting mechanism 30.
As shown in
As shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
In other words, the cab frame 14 is prevented from moving on the basis of an engagement between the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 at a position where the cab frame 14 has been moved in the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions respectively at the gaps S1a and S1b, the gaps S2a and S2b and the gap S3 with respect to the vehicle body frame 11. Accordingly, the cab frame 14 is limited in the movement in the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions respectively within the ranges of the gaps S1a and S1b, the gaps S2a and S2b and the gap S3 with respect to the vehicle body frame 11. On the other hand, within the ranges of the above gaps, the damper 15 can suppress propagation of the vibrations or impact to the cab frame 14.
Next, a description will be given of an assembling method of the cab supporting apparatus in the crawler dozer structured as mentioned above.
In the cab supporting apparatus, in a state before the cab frame 14 is assembled with respect to the vehicle body frame 11, the stud 27, the damping member 29 and the like are in a state of being incorporated in the case 23 of each of the dampers 15. Further, the brackets 12 and 13 to which the lower plates 12b and 13b have been fixed by welding are previously fixed to four positions on the vehicle body frame 11.
Further, in the case that the cab frame 14 is supported onto the brackets 12 and 13, the case 23 of the damper 15 is first inserted to the through hole 21 on each of the brackets 12 and 13. In this state, the damper 15 is fixed to the lower plates 12b and 13b of the brackets 12 and 13 by the bolt 24 and the nut 24b.
Subsequently, the upper plate 25 is arranged on each of the dampers 15. At this time, the recess 34 of the upper limiting portion 32 in each of the upper plates 25 is opposed to the recess 33 in each of the lower limiting portions 31. Further, the recesses 34 and 33 of the upper limiting portion 32 and the lower limiting portion 31 are respectively positioned in such a manner that the gaps S1a, S1b, S2a, S2b and S3 are respectively created within the recesses 33 and 34 of the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32. In this state, the upper plate 25 is fixed with respect to the stud 27 in each of the dampers 15 by the bolt 28.
Thereafter, four corners of the cab frame 14 are aligned with each of the upper plates 25. In this case, the cab frame 14 is set to a suspended state, whereby a weight of the cab frame 14 is not applied to each of the upper plates 25. In this state, each of the upper plates 25 is fixed to a lower surface of the floor portion 16 of the cab frame 14 by the bolt 24 from above the floor portion 16 of the cab frame 14. On the basis of this fixation, the cab frame 14 is supported on the brackets 12 and 13 close to the vehicle body frame 11 with the damper 15. In addition, the movement limiting mechanism 30 constituted by the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 is interposed at four positions immediately below the front pillars 18 and the rear pillars 20 of the cab frame 14 between each of the brackets 12 and 13 and the cab frame 14.
Even in different types of work machines, such as the crawler dozer, a hydraulic excavator or the like, the cab frame 14 is structured as one or two seaters, and the size and shape thereof are hardly changed. However, the size and shape in the vehicle body frame 11 vary in accordance with the type, the model or the like of the vehicle, and there is a case that the positions of the brackets 12 and 13 are forced to be changed in correspondence thereto. In order to cope with this, it is preferable to enlarge the upper plate 25, thereby making the attached positions of the upper limiting portion 32 and the damper 15 changeable, and appropriately setting the positions of the upper limiting portion 32 and the damper 15 in correspondence to the brackets 12 and 13, that is, the position of the lower limiting portion 31. In accordance with this structure, a position displacement of the brackets 12 and 13 on the basis of the difference in the type, the model or the like can by accommodated by using the same upper plate 25 to change the positions of the upper limiting portion 32 and the damper 15. Accordingly, a common specification of the cab frame 14 is achieved.
Next, a description will be given of an operation of the cab supporting apparatus in the crawler dozer structured as mentioned above.
At a traveling time, a working time or the like of the crawler dozer, vibrations and impact generated in the vehicle body frame 11 are reduced by each of the dampers 15. Accordingly, it is possible to improve riding comfort in the cab frame 14.
In contrast, when a great load is applied to the cab frame 14 from the outside and an excessive deformation is generated in the supporting portion of the cab frame 14, that is, the damper 15, in the case that the crawler dozer rolls over by any chance or the like, the great load is received by the engagement between the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 of each of the movement limiting mechanisms 30. In other words, in each of the movement limiting mechanisms 30, the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 are arranged so as to oppose to each other while interposing the gaps S1a, S1b, S2a, S2b and S3, as shown in
Accordingly, the cab frame 14 can bear the great load applied thereto, and can protect an operator within the cab. Each of the dampers 15 has a certain level of limiting function in the moving range in each of the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions. However, if such a limiting function as to withstand the great load in each of the directions is provided to the damper itself, the damper 15 is enlarged in dimension, and a problem in the incorporation, and a problem in the manufacturing cost are generated. In contrast, in this embodiment, since the movement limiting mechanism 30 takes charge of the limiting function, it is not necessary that the damper 15 has such a limiting function to withstand great load, and it is possible to employ a compact structure for the damper 15.
As mentioned above, in the cab supporting apparatus in the crawler dozer in accordance with the embodiment, the movement limiting mechanism 30 is used by the brackets 12 and 13 for supporting the cab frame 14. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the number of the parts from being increased, and prevent a wide space from being required for installing the movement limiting mechanism 30. Therefore, it is possible to easily mount or dismount the movement limiting mechanism 30 even in a compact work machine, and it is possible to simplify the structure. Further, since the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 of the movement limiting mechanism 30 are constructed by a part of the plate member, the parts of the movement limiting mechanism 30 can be structured only by forming the plate members in accordance with a cutting work, for example, by a plasma arc cutting machine. Accordingly, it is possible to easily manufacture and assemble the movement limiting mechanism 30.
Next, a description will be given of a second embodiment in accordance with this invention.
In this case, in each of the second embodiment and the following embodiments and modified embodiments, a description will be given mainly of different portions from the first embodiment.
In the second embodiment, the structure is made such that the hook portion 32c is omitted in the lower limiting portions 31 in the front and the rear, as shown in
Since the hook portion 31c of the lower limiting portion 31 does not exist, it is possible facilitates the assembly of the upper limiting portion 32 with respect to the lower limiting portion 31.
In a third embodiment, the structure is made such that a positional relation in the front and rear movement limiting mechanisms 30, that is, a protruding direction of the front and rear lower limiting portions 31 is inverted back to front in comparison with the first embodiment, as shown in
In accordance with this structure, the same advantages as the first embodiment are obtained.
A fourth embodiment is suitable for a case that the cab supporting apparatus provided with the movement limiting mechanism 30 is mounted to the hydraulic excavator serving as the work machine.
In other words, in the fourth embodiment, the front movement limiting mechanism is omitted as shown in
In this case, in the hydraulic excavator, the cab frame 14 is positioned from a front end in a left side or a right side of the vehicle body frame to a center portion, and a supporting shaft of a boom serving as an implement is arranged on the vehicle body frame in the right side or the left side of the cab frame 14. Further, in the hydraulic excavator, since the implement exists, the hydraulic excavator hardly rolls over forward of the vehicle body, and a possibility that the external force from the front is applied to the cab frame 14 is very low. Accordingly, no problem is generated even if the front movement limiting mechanism is omitted.
In a fifth embodiment, as shown in
Accordingly, in the fifth embodiment, the same advantages as the first embodiment can be obtained.
Next, a description will be given of a sixth embodiment in accordance with this invention with reference to
The sixth embodiment is structured such that the cab frame forms a height difference in the front-rear direction in the floor portion, and of a rear high mount type in which a higher portion is formed in a rear portion of the floor portion. In the work machine such as the crawler dozer or the like provided with this kind of cab frame, the following fact has been discovered recently. The sixth embodiment was made on the basis of this fact. That is, in the rear high mount type work machine, it has been discovered that in the case that an excessive load is applied to the cab frame at a time of rolling over or the like, most of the load is applied to the rear portion of the cab frame, and a sharing rate of the front portion with respect to the maximum load is not so high.
In this sixth embodiment, as shown in
As shown in
The rear limiting mechanism 135 is structured as follows. As shown in
A metal limiting pin 140 is fitted to the pin insertion holes 137a and 138a of both of the limiting members 137 and 138 in such a manner as to extend in the front-rear direction, and an intermediate portion of the limiting pin 140 is inserted to the through hole 136a of the limitation member 136. A check plate 141 is fixed to a distal end portion of the limiting pin 140. Further, a bolt 142 extending through a hole 141a of the check plate 141 is engaged with a threaded hole 138b of the rear limiting member 138. On the basis of this engagement, the limiting pin 140 is held so as to be prevented from coming off from the pin insertion holes 137a and 138a of the limiting members 137 and 138.
Further, gaps S1a and S1b are respectively formed in an upper portion and a lower portion of a space between an outer peripheral surface of the limiting pin 140 and an inner peripheral surface of the through hole 136a of the limitation member 136. A movement in the vertical direction of the cab frame 124 is limited within the range of the gaps S1a and S1b. Further, gaps S2a and S2b are respectively formed between the limitation member 136, and the front limiting member 137 and the rear limiting member 138. A movement in the front-rear direction of the cab frame 124 is limited within the range of the gaps S2a and S2b. Further, gaps S3a and S3b are respectively formed in a left portion and a right portion between the outer peripheral surface of the limiting pin 140 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 136a of the limitation member 136. A movement in the lateral direction of the cab frame 124 is limited within the range of the gaps S3a and S3b.
On the other hand, as shown in
In other words, the front limiting mechanism 143 includes a first limiting plate 151 and a second limiting plate 152. The first limiting plate 151 includes an upper plate 151b having a flat plate shape, and a flat plate 151a, which is vertically welded to a flat plate surface of the upper plate 151b and extends downward. The flat plate 151a is formed as a hook shape as a whole by a recess 151d formed in the flat plate 151a. Further, the first limiting plate 151 is firmly attached to a lower surface of the lower portion 126a of the cab frame 124 in the upper plate 151b by a bolt 160 in such as manner that the recess 151d is open outward (toward the right side in
The second limiting plate 152 serving as the lower plate is substantially L-shaped as viewed from above, a proximal end portion 152a thereof is fixed onto the front supporting bracket 122 by a bolt 131 fixing the damper 125, and a free end portion 152b protrudes forward from a lower portion of the cab frame 124 through the inside of the recess 151d of the first limiting plate 151.
Further, as shown in
Accordingly, in the sixth embodiment, both right and left end portions of the lower portion 126a of the cab frame 124 are in a state in which the limitation of the moving range in the forward direction is cancelled.
When an excessive load is applied to the cab frame 124 in the case that the crawler dozer rolls over by any chance or the like, at a time when the crawler dozer in accordance with the embodiment travels, the excessive load is shared and received by the rear limiting mechanism 135 and the front limiting mechanism 143. In other words, since the sharing rate of the excessive load is high in the rear portion of the cab frame 124 in comparison with the front portion, the rear portion is going to be moved and displaced largely in the vertical direction, the front-rear direction and the lateral direction. However, the movement and displacement of the rear portion is limited within the predetermined range in all the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions by the rear limiting mechanism 135. In contrast, in the front portion of the cab frame 124, the sharing rate of the excessive load is low, and the load in the vertical direction is slightly applied. Further, the movement and displacement in the vertical direction of the front portion is limited within the predetermined range by the front limiting mechanism 143. Accordingly, it is possible to bear the excessive load applied to the cab frame 124, and it is possible to protect the operator within the cab.
Further, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to set limiting mechanisms having the complicated structure for limiting the movement in all the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions in all of four positions corresponding to both right and left end portions of the higher portion 126b and the lower portion 126a of the cab frame 124. In other words, only the front limiting mechanism 143 having the simple structure and constituted by the first limiting plate 151 and the second limiting plate 152 are provided at two positions close to the lower portion 126a of the cab frame 124. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing costs, and it is possible to simplify the structure as a whole of the cab supporting apparatus.
Further, it is possible to limit the moving range of the rear portion having the high sharing rate of the excessive load within the predetermined range in all the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions of the cab frame 124 by the rear limiting mechanism 135, at a time when the crawler dozer rolls over or the like. Accordingly, even if the structure is made such that the movement limitation in all the vertical, front-rear and lateral directions of the cab frame 124 is executed only by the rear portion of the cab frame 124, it is possible to effectively bear the excessive load applied to the cab frame 124.
Further, in this case, the rear limiting mechanism 135 is arranged immediately below the rear pillar 130 of the cab frame 124. In this case, a major part of the excessive load applied to the rear portion of the cab frame 124 at the high sharing rate is supported by the rear pillar 130 of the cab frame 124. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably bear the excessive load, by arranging the rear limiting mechanism 135 immediately below the rear pillar 130 of the cab frame 124.
Further, the front limiting mechanism 143 limiting the moving range in the vertical direction of the cab frame 124 is provided between the lower portion 126a of the cab frame 124 to which the excessive load in the vertical direction tends to be applied in spite that the sharing rate with respect to the excessive load is low, and the vehicle body frame 121. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively bear the excessive load, even in a portion of the cab frame 124 that corresponds to the lower portion 126a.
The embodiments may be modified as follows.
In the third embodiment shown in
In the structure of the fifth embodiment shown in
In addition, it is possible to change the structures of the lower limiting portion and the upper limiting portion as necessary. In short, the structure may be made such that at least a pair of movement limiting mechanisms are provided between the vehicle body frame and the cab frame, thereby limiting the position of the cab frame at least in the vertical direction.
In the first to fifth embodiments, the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 are integrally formed with the lower plates 12b and 13b and the upper plate 25. However, it is possible to form the lower limiting portion 31 and the upper limiting portion 32 independently from the lower plate 12b and 13b and the upper plate 25 so as to fix to the lower plates 12b and 13b and the upper plate 25 by welding, a bolt or the like.
In the sixth embodiment, it is possible to employ a structure which limits and cancels a moving range in a rearward direction or both right and left directions, in addition to the moving range limitation and cancellation of the moving range limitation in the forward direction of the cab frame 124, in the front limiting mechanism 143. For example, as shown in
It is possible to embody the invention in work machines other than a crawler dozer, for example, a hydraulic excavator, a crawler or wheel loader, a motorized grader or the like.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006-323704 | Nov 2006 | JP | national |
| 2007-117355 | Apr 2007 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/073043 | 11/29/2007 | WO | 00 | 3/25/2009 |
