Cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6533248
  • Patent Number
    6,533,248
  • Date Filed
    Friday, April 5, 2002
    22 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, March 18, 2003
    21 years ago
  • Inventors
  • Examiners
    • Hail, III; Joseph J.
    • Shanley; Daniel
    Agents
    • Neustel; Michael S.
Abstract
A cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system for removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable upon the cable rack. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system includes a first support frame attachable to a first rail upon a cable rack, and a second support frame attachable to a second rail upon the cable rack. A shaft is rotatably supported between the upper portions of the support frames to receive a length of cable. A plurality of securing brackets are pivotally attached to a base of the support frames to selectively surround the rails. A plurality of securing fasteners within the securing brackets allow for tightening of the support frames to the rails. A coupler is attached to an end of the shaft for connecting a powered tool thereto to drive the shaft for pulling or dispensing cable. The support frames are preferably comprised of an extendable structure for accommodating cables positioned at various heights. A clutch device is preferably attached to one of the support frames for preventing a reverse rotation of the shaft during operation thereof.
Description




CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS




Not applicable to this application




STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT




Not applicable to this application




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




1. Field of the Invention




The present invention relates generally to cable puller/installer apparatuses and more specifically it relates to a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system for removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable upon the cable rack.




Telecommunication locations within buildings often times utilize lengths of open cable racks to support a plurality of cables.

FIG. 1

illustrates a conventional cable rack


12


which the present invention is suitable for usage upon. The cables may be comprised of various structures such as coaxial, fiber optic, DC power, twisted pair and various other types of cables. It can be difficult removing and installing elongate cables within a telecommunications environment because of the difficult location, length and physical obstruction of the cable racks. Because conventional cable puller/installer devices are not suitable for removing/installing elongate cables upon cable racks, a plurality of individuals are often times utilized and positioned at specific intervals along the cable rack to install by hand. Hence, there is a need for a cable puller/installer system that efficiently removes/installs cable from an indoor environment utilizing cable racks to support a plurality of cables.




2. Description of the Related Art




Cable puller and installer devices for removing and installing cable and other elongate material have been in use for years. Examples of patented cable puller/installer devices include U.S. Pat. No. 3,072,383 to Vanderhagen, U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,193 to Wrate, U.S. Pat. No. 4,196,864 to Cole, U.S. Pat. No. 2,948,510 to Kieser, U.S. Pat. No. 4,270,734 to Straight and U.S. Pat. No. 4,497,470 to Carter.




The main problem with conventional cable puller/installer devices is they are not designed to be securely mounted to an open cable rack and often times require more than one individual to operate. A further problem with conventional cable puller/installer devices is that they are comprised of a relatively large size making them difficult to utilize upon cable racks. A further problem with conventional cable puller/installer devices is that they require the usage of anchor holes which damage the building structure. Another problem with conventional cable puller/installer devices is that they typically require a fixed motor which increases the overall price and weight of the devices.




While these devices may be suitable for the particular purpose to which they address, they are not suitable for removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable. Conventional cable puller/installer devices are not designed for utilization within a telecommunications environment that utilizes cable racks.




In these respects, the cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system according to the present invention substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art, and in so doing provides an apparatus primarily developed for the purpose of removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable.




BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known types of cable puller/installer devices, now present in the prior art, the present invention provides a new cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system construction wherein the same can be utilized, for removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable upon the cable rack.




The general purpose of the present invention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a new cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that has many of the advantages of the cable puller/installer devices mentioned heretofore and many novel features that result in a new cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system which is not anticipated, rendered obvious, suggested, or even implied by any of the prior art cable puller/installer devices, either alone or in any combination thereof.




To attain this, the present invention generally comprises a first support frame attachable to a first rail upon a cable rack, and a second support frame attachable to a second rail upon the cable rack. A shaft is rotatably supported between the upper portions of the support frames to receive a length of cable. A plurality of securing brackets are pivotally attached to a base of the support frames to selectively surround the rails. A plurality of securing fasteners within the securing brackets allow for tightening of the support frames to the rails. A coupler is attached to an end of the shaft for connecting a powered tool thereto to drive the shaft for pulling or dispensing cable. The support frames are preferably comprised of an extendable structure for accommodating cable buildup on the rack at various heights. A clutch device is preferably attached to one of the support frames for preventing a reverse rotation of the shaft during operation thereof.




There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and that will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.




In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of the description and should not be regarded as limiting.




A primary object of the present invention is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that will overcome the shortcomings of the prior art devices.




A second object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system for removably attaching to a cable rack and efficiently removing/installing cable upon the cable rack.




Another object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that reduces the amount of time, labor cost and workers required to remove and install cable upon an open cable rack structure within a telecommunications office.




A further object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that reduces worker fatigue and safety issues.




An additional object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that is attachable to various sizes, structures and designs of cable racks.




A further object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that is adjustable in height to accommodate the removal and installation of cables at various heights with respect to the cable rack.




Another object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that may be powered by a conventional hand drill or similar powered tool.




A further object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that does not physically damage the building structure with anchor holes.




Another object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that efficiently pulls various types of cable and elongate material.




Another object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that is portable and that does not damage the cable rack.




A further object is to provide a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system that reduces the reverse movement of a cable during pulling.




Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious to the reader and it is intended that these objects and advantages are within the scope of the present invention.




To the accomplishment of the above and related objects, this invention may be embodied in the form illustrated in the accompanying drawings, attention being called to the fact, however, that the drawings are illustrative only, and that changes may be made in the specific construction illustrated and described within the scope of the appended claims.











DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




Various other objects, features and attendant advantages of the present invention will become fully appreciated as the same becomes better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the several views, and wherein:





FIG. 1

is an upper perspective view of the present invention mounted to an open cable rack.





FIG. 2

is an upper perspective view of the present invention.





FIG. 3

is an upper perspective view of the present invention in an extended height position.





FIG. 4

is a front view of the present invention mounted to the open cable rack.





FIG. 5

is an exploded upper perspective view of the present invention.





FIG. 6

is a bottom view of aside support member.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION




Turning now descriptively to the drawings, in which similar reference characters denote similar elements throughout the several views,

FIGS. 1 through 6

illustrate a cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system


10


, which comprises a first support frame


20


attachable to a first rail


14


upon a cable rack


12


, and a second support frame


50


attachable to a second rail


16


upon the cable rack


12


. A shaft


40


is rotatably supported between the upper portions of the support frames


20


,


50


to receive a length of cable. A plurality of securing brackets


30


are pivotally attached to a base of the support frames


20


,


50


to selectively surround the rails. A plurality of securing fasteners


32


within the securing brackets


30


allow for tightening of the support frames


20


,


50


to the rails


14


,


16


. A coupler


46


is attached to an end of the shaft


40


for connecting a powered tool thereto to drive the shaft


40


for pulling or dispensing cable


11


. The support frames


20


,


50


are preferably comprised of an extendable structure for accommodating cables positioned at various heights. A clutch device


60


is preferably attached to one of the support frames


20


,


50


for preventing a reverse rotation of the shaft


40


during operation thereof.




As shown in

FIG. 1

of the drawings, an example of an exemplary cable rack


12


is illustrated having a first rail


14


and a second rail


16


substantially parallel to one another with a plurality of cross members


18


extending between the rails


14


,


16


. The rails


14


,


16


may have various shapes, sizes and structures which are well known in the cable rack


12


industry. The distance between the rails


14


,


16


may also vary significantly which is also well known in the art of cable racks


12


. The present invention may be utilized upon various other types of cable racks


12


that are not illustrated within the attached figures.




As shown in

FIGS. 1

,


2


,


3


and


5


of the drawings, the first support frame


20


has a first base


22


which is positioned adjacent to the first rail


14


of the cable rack


12


. The first base


22


preferably has a length sufficient to provide adequately leverage and support to the invention during the pulling of elongate cable


11


and the like. The first base


22


includes a first channel


23


that surrounds the upper portion of the first rail


14


as best illustrated in

FIG. 1

of the drawings. The first channel


23


is preferably formed for receiving various sizes of rails


14


,


16


of a cable rack


12


. A plurality of first cutouts (not shown) extend into the first base


22


for receiving the plurality of cross members


18


. The plurality of first cutouts may have various sizes and structures desired for receiving the cross members


18


.




A plurality of securing brackets


30


are pivotally attached to the underside of the first base


22


as shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings. The securing brackets


30


generally have a Z-shaped structure as best illustrated in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. It can be appreciated that the securing brackets


30


may have various other shapes capable of extending beneath the underside of the rails


14


,


16


. A lower portion of the securing brackets


30


extends beneath the underside of the first rail


14


to allow for securing of the first support frame


20


to the cable rack


12


by a corresponding plurality of securing fasteners


32


. It can be appreciated that various heights of securing brackets


30


may be utilized and interchanged to attach the first support frame


20


to various sizes of rails


14


,


16


. The securing fasteners


32


threadably extend within the lower portion of the securing brackets


30


and extend upwardly there through to engage the underside of the rails


14


,


16


as shown in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. The securing fasteners


32


may be comprised of various threaded fastener structures and may have a conventional head requiring a tool to engage or a winged structure that may be manipulated directly by a user's hand. The securing brackets


30


are each preferably pivotally attached to the first base


22


by a single conventional fastener that may be tightened and loosened as desired.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 4

of the drawings, the first support frame


20


further includes a first member


24


having a tubular structure for slidably and adjustable receiving a first extension


26


. The first member


24


extends substantially orthogonally from the first base


22


as best shown in

FIG. 2

of the drawings. One or more frame members preferably extend from the first base


22


upwardly at an angle and engage the upper portion of the first member


24


for increased strength and stability. The first extension


26


has a slightly smaller outer diameter compared to the opening of the first member


24


. The first member


24


includes a first locking pin


27


within that selectively extending through one of the first apertures


29


within the first extension


26


. The first locking pin


27


may be retained within the selected first aperture


29


by a spring or similar biasing mechanism to prevent accidental removal of the first locking pin


27


.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings, a first bearing


28


or bushing structure is attached to the upper end of the first extension


26


for rotatably receiving the shaft


40


. The shaft


40


preferably is movably longitudinally within the first bearing


28


to allow for the separation of the first support frame


20


and the second support frame


50


from one another to accommodate various widths of the cable rack


12


. The first bearing


28


may be comprised of any bearing structure commonly utilized. The first bearing


28


may also be directly attached to the first member


24


without utilizing the first extension


26


.




As shown in

FIGS. 1

,


2


,


3


and


5


of the drawings, the second support frame


50


is similar in design to the first support frame


20


. The second support frame


50


has a second base


52


which is positioned adjacent to the second rail


16


of the cable rack


12


opposite of the first base


22


upon the first rail


14


. The second base


52


preferably has a length sufficient to provide adequately leverage and support to the invention during the pulling of elongate cable


11


and the like. The second base


52


includes a second channel


53


that surrounds the upper portion of the second rail


16


as best illustrated in

FIG. 1

of the drawings. The second channel


53


is preferably formed for receiving various sizes of rails


14


,


16


of a cable rack


12


. A plurality of second cutouts


51


extend into the second base


52


for receiving the plurality of cross members


18


. The plurality of second cutouts


51


may have various sizes and structures desired for receiving the cross members


18


.




A plurality of securing brackets


30


are pivotally attached to the underside of the second base


52


as shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings. The securing brackets


30


generally have a Z-shaped structure as best illustrated in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. It can be appreciated that the securing brackets


30


may have various other shapes capable of extending beneath the underside of the rails


14


,


16


. A lower portion of the securing brackets


30


extends beneath the underside of the second rail


16


to allow for securing of the second support frame


50


to the cable rack


12


by a corresponding plurality of securing fasteners


32


. It can be appreciated that various heights of securing brackets


30


may be utilized and interchanged to attach the second support frame


50


to various sizes of rails


14


,


16


. The securing fasteners


32


threadably extend within the lower portion of the securing brackets


30


and extend upwardly there through to engage the underside of the rails


14


,


16


as shown in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. The securing fasteners


32


may be comprised of various threaded fastener structures and may have a conventional head requiring a tool to engage or a winged structure that may be manipulated directly by a user's hand. The securing brackets


30


are each preferably pivotally attached to the second base


52


by a single conventional fastener that may be tightened and loosened as desired.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 4

of the drawings, the second support frame


50


further includes a second member


54


having a tubular structure for slidably and adjustable receiving a second extension


56


. The second member


54


extends substantially orthogonally from the second base


52


as best shown in

FIG. 2

of the drawings. One or more frame members preferably extend from the second base


52


upwardly at an angle and engage the upper portion of the second member


54


for increased strength and stability. The second extension


56


has a slightly smaller outer diameter compared to the opening of the second member


54


. The second member


54


includes a second locking pin


57


within that selectively extending through one of the second apertures


59


within the second extension


56


. The second locking pin


57


may be retained within the selected second aperture


59


by a spring or similar biasing mechanism to prevent accidental removal of the second locking pin


57


.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings, a second bearing


58


or bushing structure is attached to the upper end of the second extension


56


for rotatably receiving the shaft


40


. The shaft


40


preferably is movably longitudinally within the second bearing


58


to allow for the separation of the first support frame


20


and the second support frame


50


from one another to accommodate various widths of the cable rack


12


. The second bearing


58


may be comprised of any bearing structure commonly utilized. The second bearing


58


may also be directly attached to the second member


54


without utilizing the second extension


56


.




The shaft


40


is comprised of an elongate structure as shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings. The shaft


40


may have a solid or tubular structure. In addition, the shaft


40


may have various cross sectional shapes other than the circular design illustrated in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings. The shaft


40


is preferably sufficient in length to accommodate various possible widths of the cable rack


12


. The diameter of the shaft


40


may also vary for receiving the elongate cable


11


. A pair of opposing partitions


42


are preferably attached upon the middle portion of the shaft


40


for retaining the spooled elongate cable


11


between thereof during pulling of the elongate cable


11


. Cable connectors within the partitions


42


are preferably utilized to connect the distal end of the elongate cable


11


within prior to pulling the elongate cable


11


.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 4

of the drawings, a coupler


46


extends from a distal end of the shaft


40


for receiving a power tool such as but not limited to a hand drill. The coupler


46


may be comprised of various shapes and sizes desirable to connect to a power tool that is capable of rotating the shaft


40


with a length of elongate cable


11


positioned upon while pulling another length of the elongate cable


11


.




As shown in

FIGS. 1 through 5

of the drawings, a clutch device


60


is preferably utilized to prevent the reverse rotation of the shaft


40


during usage of the present invention. The clutch device


60


allows for the free rotation of the shaft


40


in a first direction while stopping the shaft


40


if the shaft


40


begins to rotation in a second direction which is opposite of the first direction. The clutch device


60


may be turned off utilizing a lever mechanism to allow for the free rotation of the shaft


40


within the bearings


28


,


58


. The clutch device


60


is preferably attached to the bearings


28


,


58


or to the support frames


20


,


30


while be positioned coaxially upon the shaft


40


upon the coupler


46


.




In use, the user positions the first support frame


20


and the second support frame


50


upon the first rail


14


and second rail


16


of the cable rack


12


with the shaft


40


positioned within in a desired location to pull cable. It can be appreciated that the support frames


20


,


50


may be attached in an upward or downward manner in relation to the cable rack


12


. The user then rotates the securing brackets


30


so that they are positioned beneath the respective rails


14


,


16


as shown in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. The user then tightens the securing fasteners


32


to reduce movement of the support frames


20


,


50


with respect to the cable rack


12


. The extensions


26


,


56


are then adjusted to the desired height until the shaft


40


is positioned at the desired vertical height above the cable rack


12


. The user then connects the desired elongate cable


11


to one of the cable connectors


44


and the connects a power tool to the coupler


46


. The user then operates the power tool (or a hand tool) to drive the shaft


40


in the desired direction of rotation to retrieve the elongate cable


11


. It can be appreciated that a stationary motor may be directly attached to the shaft


40


for rotating the shaft


40


. The user continues rotating the shaft


40


with the power tool until finished or until a problem occurs such as the elongate cable


11


becoming snagged upon another object. If the user has problems with pulling the elongate cable


11


, the user terminates the rotation of the power tool wherein the clutch device


60


prevents reverse rotation of the shaft


40


. The user then may continue at anytime with pulling the elongate cable


11


. When finished, the above process is reversed with the present invention placed within a compact storage location. For installing cable, the same process is utilized except with a rope or other structure attached between the rotating shaft


40


and the elongate cable


11


to be pulled.




As to a further discussion of the manner of usage and operation of the present invention, the same should be apparent from the above description. Accordingly, no further discussion relating to the manner of usage and operation will be provided.




With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed to be within the expertise of those skilled in the art, and all equivalent structural variations and relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.




Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.



Claims
  • 1. A cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system attachable to a cable rack having a first rail and a second rail, comprising:a first support frame having a first base attachable to said first rail; a second support frame having a second base attachable to said second rail; a shaft rotatably supported by said first support frame and said second support frame; a coupler extending from an end of said shaft for connecting to a hand operated tool; and a plurality of securing brackets rotatably attached to said first base and said second base, wherein said plurality of securing brackets may be rotated for selectively engaging said first rail and said second rail respectively; wherein each of said plurality of securing brackets include a securing fastener threadably extending within thereof; wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a Z-shaped structure.
  • 2. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 1, wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a lower portion extending horizontally beneath said rails.
  • 3. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 1, wherein said plurality of securing brackets are rotatably attached to said bases by a threaded fastener.
  • 4. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 1, wherein said first support frame and said second support frame each include a main member having a tubular structure slidably receiving an extension member, wherein a plurality of apertures within said extension member catchably are engaged by a locking pin within said main member for securing a vertical height of said extension member.
  • 5. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 4, including a bearing attached to an upper end of said extension member of said first support frame and said second support frame for rotatably receiving said shaft.
  • 6. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 1, wherein said shaft includes a pair of partitions with cable connectors.
  • 7. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 1, including a plurality of first cutouts within said first support frame and a plurality of second cutouts within said second support frame for receiving a corresponding plurality of cross members extending between said first rail and said second rail of said cable rack.
  • 8. A cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system attachable to a cable rack having a first rail and a second rail, comprising:a first support frame having a first base attachable to said first rail; a first channel within said first base for receiving said first rail; a second support frame having a second base attachable to said second rail; a second channel within said second base for receiving said second rail; a shaft rotatably supported by said first support frame and said second support frame; a coupler extending from an end of said shaft for connecting to a hand operated tool; and a plurality of securing brackets rotatably attached to said first base and said second base, wherein said plurality of securing brackets may be rotated for selectively engaging said first rail and said second rail respectively; wherein each of said plurality of securing brackets include a securing fastener threadably extending within thereof; wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a Z-shaped structure.
  • 9. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 8, wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a lower portion extending horizontally beneath said rails.
  • 10. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 8, wherein said plurality of securing brackets are rotatably attached to said bases by a threaded fastener.
  • 11. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 8, wherein said first support frame and said second support frame each include a main member having a tubular structure slidably receiving an extension member, wherein a plurality of apertures within said extension member catchably are engaged by a locking pin within said main member for securing a vertical height of said extension member.
  • 12. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 11, including a bearing attached to an upper end of said extension member of said first support frame and said second support frame for rotatably receiving said shaft.
  • 13. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 8, wherein said shaft includes a pair of partitions with cable connectors.
  • 14. The cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system of claim 8, including:a plurality of first cutouts within said first support frame; and a plurality of second cutouts within said second support frame, wherein said cutouts are for receiving a corresponding plurality of cross members extending between said first rail and said second rail of said cable rack.
  • 15. A cable rack mounted cable puller and installation system attachable to a cable rack having a first rail and a second rail, comprising:a first support frame having a first base attachable to said first rail; a first channel within said first base for receiving said first rail; a second support frame having a second base attachable to said second rail; a second channel within said second base for receiving said second rail; a shaft rotatably supported by said first support frame and said second support frame; a coupler extending from an end of said shaft for connecting to a hand operated tool; a plurality of securing brackets rotatably attached to said first base and said second base, wherein said plurality of securing brackets may be rotated for selectively engaging said first rail and said second rail respectively; a plurality of first cutouts within said first support frame; a plurality of second cutouts within said second support frame, wherein said cutouts are for receiving a corresponding plurality of cross members extending between said first rail and said second rail of said cable rack; a bearing attached to an upper end of said extension member of said first support frame and said second support frame for rotatably receiving said shaft; and a pair of partitions attached to said shaft, wherein said pair of partitions include cable connectors; wherein each of said plurality of securing brackets include a securing fastener threadably extending within thereof; wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a Z-shaped structure; wherein said plurality of securing brackets have a lower portion extending horizontally beneath said rails; wherein said plurality of securing brackets are rotatably attached to said bases by a threaded fastener; wherein said first support frame and said second support frame each include a main member having a tubular structure slidably receiving an extension member, wherein a plurality of apertures within said extension member catchably are engaged by a locking pin within said main member for securing a vertical height of said extension member.
US Referenced Citations (11)
Number Name Date Kind
2777667 Stafford Jan 1957 A
2948510 Kieser Aug 1960 A
3072383 Vanderhagen Jan 1963 A
4196864 Cole Apr 1980 A
4270734 Straight Jun 1981 A
4497470 Carter Feb 1985 A
4890750 Stern Jan 1990 A
5366338 Mortensen Nov 1994 A
5464193 Wrate Nov 1995 A
5797504 Mangum Aug 1998 A
6386570 Linger May 2002 B2