The invention broadly relates to locking devices, more particularly to locking devices used on port assemblies on marine vessels, and even more particularly to a camming dog locking device used on port assemblies on marine vessels.
Portlights make it possible for fresh air and light to pass into the interior of a marine vessel, thereby creating a more enjoyable environment. A variety of dogging mechanisms used in combination with one or more gaskets have been employed in port assemblies to ensure that the assemblies are sealed from environmental ingress, e.g., water, salt, cold air, etc., when the assemblies are in closed positions.
Rotating lever dogs, such as those shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,842,433, are rather simple in design. The operator pushes the lens closed and against a gasket with one hand while rotating the lever from a parked position to a locking position. The parked position is typically parallel to the frame and outside of the clear aperture of the lens. There may be a small ramping slope on the bottom of the lever to engage the lens early in the rotation as this arrangement generates a small downward or inward force as the lever swings to the final locking position, typically perpendicular to the frame and within the viewing area. The dog may have a set screw adjustment to allow for micro adjustment of the engaging surface of the lever. Such adjustment permits an operator to ensure that the lens is properly compressed against the gasket thereby forming a complete seal about the perimeter of the lens.
However, rotating lever dogs require the operator to exert a considerable amount of effort, i.e., force, in order to sufficiently close the portlight. By design, the lens must be below the lever in order for the lever to rotate over the lens. A typical lever is about 2 inches long and will engage or begin to engage the lens after rotating only about 10 degrees. The initial contact point of the lever, therefore, is about 1.5 inches out on the lever as measured from the point of rotation of the lever. If the contact point is positioned closer to the point of rotation, e.g., ½ inch away from the point of rotation, the lever would exert a downward force three times (3×) greater than when the contact point positioned at 1.5 inches from the point of rotation. When pressure is applied to the lens, the lever is forced upward or outward. Thus, the stiffness of the lever is important as the lever must be sufficiently strong to not yield to the upward or outward pressure. Moreover, the force may resolve itself on the vertical shaft aligned with the axis of rotation, which is tall and narrow. These shafts may also deflect under the pressure.
Screw dogs, such as screw dog 10 shown in
Snap dogs, such as snap dog 30 shown in
To operate a snap dog, the portlight must first be mechanically deflected to allow contact area 40 to pass through the straight line between the lens hinge pin (not shown) and dog pin 38, i.e., pass through reaction line 36. Not only does this arrangement make for a weak dog and a portlight that deflects when dogged down, it also requires a tremendous amount of force to disengage the dog, and therefore imposes pretty tight tolerances on the lens/dog mechanical layout.
A typical camming dog provides a strong, fool proof, adjustable design that does not block the viewing area or clear aperture of the lens when engaged, and can fit on a thin edge of a portlight frame. The above described prior art designs each have deficiencies with respect to at least one of the foregoing desirable characteristics.
As can be derived from the variety of devices and methods directed at providing a dog mechanism, many means have been contemplated to accomplish the desired end, i.e., one-handed operation of a compact, strong device for opening and closing a portlight. Heretofore, tradeoffs between strength, ease of use and physical arrangement of components were required. Thus, there is a long-felt need for a compact camming dog that can easily be operated with one hand.
The present invention comprises a camming dog configured for use with a window having a frame and a hinged lens. The camming dog includes an angled base having a base mounting portion and a handle mounting portion, wherein the base mounting portion is secured to the frame, the base mounting portion is disposed at an angle relative to the handle mounting portion, the angle is less than ninety degrees. The camming dog further includes a handle having an arm boss, wherein the handle is rotationally secured to the handle mounting portion of the angled base and rotates about an axis of rotation. Upon rotation of the handle to an open position, the hinged lens rotates unimpeded past the arm boss and upon rotation of the handle to a closed position, the hinged lens is secured within the frame by the arm boss.
In some embodiments, the window is a port for a marine vessel. In some embodiments, the port is an inwardly opening port and the camming dog is disposed on an inner surface of a wall of the marine vessel. In some embodiments, the window further includes a gasket disposed between the frame and the lens, and the lens compressively seals against the gasket when the handle is in the closed position. In some embodiments, the angle ranges from about 60 to about 70 degrees. In some embodiments, the handle is rotatably secured to the angled base by a fastener. In some embodiments, the arm boss contacts the lens at a contact point and the contact point is offset from the axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the handle further includes a mechanical stop configured to prevent further rotation of the handle when arranged in the closed position. In some embodiments, a position of the arm boss relative to the lens is altered by modifying the angle. In some embodiments, a position of the arm boss relative to the lens is altered by modifying a position of the axis of rotation relative to the handle mounting portion. In some embodiments, the handle rotates in a plane substantially parallel to the handle mounting portion.
In some embodiments, the handle rotates through approximately one hundred eighty degrees, where the handle is in a closed position at zero degrees, a partially open position at ninety degrees and an open position at one hundred eighty degrees. In some of those embodiments, the arm boss is adjacent to the lens when the handle reaches the partially open position as the handle is rotated from the open position to the closed position. Moreover, in some of those embodiments, rotating the handle from the partially open position to the closed position causes the arm boss to engage the lens and subsequently secure the lens within the frame. Still yet further, in some of those embodiments, the window further includes a gasket disposed between the frame and the lens, and rotating the handle from the partially open position to the closed position compresses the lens against the gasket.
In some embodiments, the camming dog further includes an alignment guide fixedly secured to the handle mounting portion and a height adjustment sleeve having an opening offset from a center position on the height adjustment sleeve, the opening complimentarily engaging the alignment guide. In those embodiments, the handle is rotationally secured to the handle mounting portion by the height adjustment sleeve and rotating a position of the height adjustment sleeve relative to the alignment guide alters the position of the handle relative the handle mounting portion.
The present invention comprises a height adjusting apparatus for a camming dog, wherein the camming dog includes an angled base having a base mounting portion and a handle mounting portion, wherein the base mounting portion is secured to the frame, the base mounting portion is disposed at an angle relative to the handle mounting portion, the angle is less than ninety degrees, and a handle having an arm boss, wherein the handle is rotationally secured to the handle mounting portion of the angled base and rotates about an axis of rotation. Upon rotation of the handle to an open position, the hinged lens rotates unimpeded past the arm boss and upon rotation of the handle to a closed position, the hinged lens is secured within the frame by the arm boss. The height adjusting apparatus includes an alignment guide fixedly secured to the handle mounting portion and a height adjustment sleeve having an opening offset from a center position on the height adjustment sleeve, the opening complimentarily engaging the alignment guide. The handle is rotationally secured to the handle mounting portion by the height adjustment sleeve and rotating a position of the height adjustment sleeve relative to the alignment guide alters the position of the handle relative the handle mounting portion.
An object of the invention is to provide a locking dog that does not project into the clear viewing area, as defined by the aperture you can see through that is covered by the lens, whether the lens is surrounded by a frame or is merely an unframed lens such as a piece of acrylic.
Another object of the invention is to provide a locking dog that attaches to the frame of the port and permit the interior trim ring to slide past allowing for various thicknesses of hull or deck structure. Thus, in many cases, based on the port design, the interior frame ends up well above the portlight frame.
Yet another object of the invention is that the locking dog is fast acting.
Still yet another object of the invention is to provide a locking dog that is absolutely positive, self-parking, and cannot vibrate open accidentally.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a locking dog that permits one handed operation thereby avoiding the typical arrangement of the operator pushing against the lens of a portlight to push it down onto the gasket, slightly compressing the gasket, so that the dog mechanism can engage the lens.
Another object of the invention is to provide a locking dog which is small and compact because portlights are often mounted in a deck at eye height and the projecting dog can cause serious injury should a person fall against it.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a locking dog having a self parking position when the dog is disengaged thereby eliminating levers and swing bolts which fall down and flop around unless constrained in some manner.
Still yet another object of the invention is to provide a locking dog having vertical adjustment to compensate for permanent gasket compression that occurs over time.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciable from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and from the accompanying drawings and claims.
The nature and mode of operation of the present invention will now be more fully described in the following detailed description of the invention taken with the accompanying drawing figures, in which:
At the outset, it should be appreciated that like drawing numbers on different drawing views identify identical, or functionally similar, structural elements of the invention. While the present invention is described with respect to what is presently considered to be the preferred aspects, it is to be understood that the invention as claimed is not limited to the disclosed aspects.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which these embodiments belong. As used herein, “dog” is intended to be broadly construed as a mechanical device for holding a port, window, lens, hatch or other closing in a closed and secured position.
Furthermore, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the particular methodology, materials and modifications described and as such may, of course, vary. It is also understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is limited only by the appended claims.
Adverting now to the figures,
In addition to the embodiments set forth above, it has been found that changing the position of the axis of rotation of the handle along the handle mounting portion of the angled base may also be used to control when and how the arm boss engages the lens. For example, shifting the position of the axis of rotation away from the connection between the base mounting portion and the handle mounting portion shifts the boss arm away from the lens thereby providing a similar result as decreasing the angle between the base mounting portion and the handle mounting portion. Such variations are within the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.
In some embodiments, the camming dog may also include vertical adjustment. In these embodiments, a spacer is mechanically attached to the handle mounting portion and is positioned between the handle mounting portion and the handle. Additionally, a sleeve is included in the handle, positioned off-center from the axis of rotation of the handle. The handle can be made to rise and fall, i.e., vertical adjustment, by rotating the height adjusting spacer element, which results in the pivot point, or axis of rotation, of the handle moving. An example of the foregoing embodiment is depicted in
Camming dog 100 comprises rotating handle 102 rotationally secured to angled base 104. Angled base 104 comprises base mounting portion 106 and handle mounting portion 108 disposed at an angle relative to each other. It has been found that in preferred embodiments angle β ranges between 60 and 70 degrees depending on size and final geometry of the camming dog. Rotating handle 102 comprises projecting arm boss 110 that reaches out over a lens element (not shown) by some substantial amount so that it is able to press down on the lens with enough contact area as to not stress the acrylic and further allows for wide manufacturing tolerances. Generally, this embodiment functions similarly as the embodiments described above.
The arrangement shown in
As can be best understood in view of
The foregoing arrangement of sleeve 112 and guide 114 further provides the benefit of preventing the unintended rotation of screw 130 relative to guide 114. If sleeve 112 was free to rotate, merely actuating handle 102 would likely cause screw 130 to begin to back out of guide 114. After sufficient use, handle 102 would become loose and require retightening of screw 130 prior to failure of the camming dog. The present invention, having the rotation of sleeve 112 fixed by guide 114, prevents such loosening of screw 130, thereby providing a more consistent and robust closure for a lens.
The present invention provides a locking dog that does not project into the clear viewing area of a portlight. Furthermore, the present invention is attached to a frame of a port and permits the interior trim ring to slide past allowing for various thicknesses of hull or deck structures. The present invention is fast acting and is absolutely positive, self-parking, and cannot vibrate open accidentally while pushing the portlight lens against its sealing gasket. The present invention permits one handed operation thereby avoiding the typical arrangement of the operator pushing against the lens of a portlight to push it down onto the gasket, slightly compressing the gasket, so that the dogging mechanism can engage the lens. Moreover, the present invention is small and compact so as to avoid accidental injury by a person falling against the camming dog, and possesses a self-parking position when the dog is disengaged. Lastly, in some embodiments, the present invention includes vertical adjustment to compensate for permanent gasket compression that occurs over time.
Thus, it is seen that the objects of the present invention are efficiently obtained, although modifications and changes to the invention should be readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art, which modifications are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. It also is understood that the foregoing description is illustrative of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting. Therefore, other embodiments of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.