Patent Application
20200025964
The present invention relates to a capacitive proximity sensor which is arranged, for example, in a door handle of a vehicle or the like, and which detects the proximity or touch of a person (hand or the like). The present invention further relates to a human body detection method using this capacitive proximity sensor.
Recently, automobiles are equipped with keyless entry systems, which can lock and unlock doors without key operations. Keyless entry systems comprise: an authentication unit provided within the vehicle; a remote device carried by a user; a proximity sensor, provided on a door handle at the exterior of the vehicle, which detects contact when a user contacts a predetermined position on the door handle; a locking unit, which locks the door; and an unlocking unit, which unlocks the door.
Known proximity sensors include capacitive proximity sensors, which detect the proximity of an object based on changes in the capacitance of a sensor electrode. Furthermore, in capacitive proximity sensors, it is known to use a resonance circuit including a sensor electrode in order to ensure a large change in the output signal between proximity and non-proximity of an object and thus improve detection accuracy.
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-39708 describes a capacitive proximity sensor in which a capacitance including the electrode capacitance of a sensor electrode is used as a resonance capacitance, this resonance capacitance and a resonance inductor are connected in series to form a series resonance circuit having a resonance frequency fr, the series resonance circuit is resonated at an excitation frequency higher than the resonance frequency fr, and objects are detected based on the resonance voltage of the series resonance circuit.
With the proximity sensor described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-39708, by setting the excitation frequency higher than the resonance frequency fr, the resonance voltage will always decrease when an object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, and therefore it is possible to detect the object from the change in the resonance voltage. 2002-57564
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-57564 describes a human body detector provided with a capacitive sensor including a sensor resonance circuit and a detection circuit. In this sensor resonance circuit, a sensor electrode is connected to a resonance circuit comprising a coil and a capacitor and, in a steady state where nothing contacts the sensor electrode, a constant frequency voltage is output but, if an object contacts the sensor electrode such that the capacitance is changed, a voltage is output in which the amplitude of the constant frequency voltage is changed in accordance with the change in the capacitance.
The human body detector described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-57564 distinguishes between human bodies and raindrops, based on changes in the output frequency, or the output within a predetermined time, when the output of a capacitive sensor is received.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-55852 describes a capacitive proximity sensor comprising an LC resonance circuit that is resonated by an oscillation means at a harmonic of an oscillation frequency, a detection electrode connected to the LC resonance circuit, and a detection means that detects changes in a signal, based on changes in the capacitance between the detection electrode and an object to be detected.
In the capacitive proximity sensor described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-55852, because the resonance means resonates this at a harmonic, the value of current flowing through the circuit can be lowered, such that power consumption can be reduced, and battery life can be extended.
However, all of the sensors described in these publications are sensors in which the sensor electrode voltage is directly input to the detection circuit, and therefore, if the input impedance of the detection circuit is small, the very small current flowing through the sensor electrode will readily be affected. Therefore, in order to detect the very small stray capacitance (on the order of several pF) of the sensor electrode, it is necessary to make the input impedance of the detection circuit very high. When a detection circuit with high input impedance such as described above is used, there is a problem in that, if the input impedance changes due to environmental temperature change or the like, accurate detection becomes difficult. Furthermore, there is also a problem in that, a detection circuit having a high input impedance is generally likely to pick up noise, such that it is not possible to fully prevent erroneous operation due to the influence of external electromagnetic noise from radio equipment such as cell phones or the like.
One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a capacitive proximity sensor that is less susceptible to environmental temperature changes and noises and that can detect the proximity of a human body to a sensor electrode with higher accuracy and a human body detection method using this capacitive proximity sensor.
Note that, in the aspects described below, the constituent elements employed can be used in the most freely chosen combinations possible. Furthermore, the aspects and technical features of the present invention are not limited to those described hereafter, and are to be understood based on the description in the entire specification and the drawings, or based on the inventive ideas that can be grasped by the skilled artisan based on these descriptions.
In a first aspect of the present invention relating to a capacitive proximity sensor comprises:
an oscillation means, which outputs a high-frequency signal;
a sensor circuit to which a high-frequency signal is input, and which includes a sensor electrode;
a detection circuit, which outputs a determination voltage signal corresponding to the capacitance of the sensor electrode, based on an electrical signal output from the sensor circuit; and
a control unit,
wherein the sensor circuit has an LCR series resonance circuit, in which a coil L, a capacitor C, and a resistor R are connected in series in this order;
the sensor electrode is connected downstream of the coil L and upstream of the capacitor C;
the detection circuit outputs the determination voltage signal based on the electrical signal at a detection point downstream of the capacitor C and upstream of the resistor R; and
the control unit detects the proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode, based on the determination voltage signal.
In a second aspect of the present invention relating to a human body detection method using a capacitive proximity sensor,
the capacitive proximity sensor comprises:
wherein the sensor circuit has an LCR series resonance circuit, in which a coil L, a capacitor C, and a resistor R are connected in series in this order;
the sensor electrode is connected downstream of the coil L and upstream of the capacitor C;
the detection circuit outputs the determination voltage signal based on the electrical signal at a detection point downstream of the capacitor C and upstream of the resistor R; and
the control unit detects the proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode, based on the determination voltage signal; and
with fA being the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, and fB being the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit when a human body is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, where the relationship is
f
B
<f
A
a first detection frequency f1 and a second detection frequency f2, which satisfy the relationship
f
B
≤f
1
<f
2
<f
A
are set;
with V1 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit, when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, a first threshold value Vth1 which satisfies the relationship
V
1
<V
th1
is set;
with V2 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit, when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, a second threshold value Vth2 which satisfies the relationship
V
2
<V
th2
is set; and
proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode is detected by detecting that, upon having input the high-frequency signal at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit, the determination voltage signal has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1, or that, upon having input the high-frequency signal at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit, the determination voltage signal has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2.
In a third aspect of the present invention relating to a human body detection method using a capacitive proximity sensor,
the capacitive proximity sensor comprises:
wherein the sensor circuit has an LCR series resonance circuit, in which a coil L, a capacitor C, and a resistor R are connected in series in this order;
the sensor electrode is connected downstream of the coil L and upstream of the capacitor C;
the detection circuit outputs the determination voltage signal based on the electrical signal at a detection point downstream of the capacitor C and upstream of the resistor R; and
the control unit detects the proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode, based on the determination voltage signal; and
with fA being the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, fB being the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit when a human body is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, and fW being the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit when water is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, where the relationship is
f
W
<f
B
<f
A
a first detection frequency f1 and a second detection frequency f2, which satisfy the relationship
f
W
≤f
1
≤f
B
<f
2
<f
A
are set;
with V11 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit, when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, and
V12 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit, when water is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, a first threshold value Vth1 which satisfies the relationships
V
11
<V
th1
V
12
<V
th1
is set;
with V21 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit, when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, and
V22 being the determination voltage signal upon having input the high-frequency signal at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit, when water is in the proximity of the sensor electrode, a second threshold value Vth2 which satisfies the relationships
V
21
<V
th2
V
22
<V
th2
is set; and
proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode is detected by detecting that upon having input the high-frequency signal at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit, the determination voltage signal has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1, or that, upon having input the high-frequency signal at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit, the determination voltage signal has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2.
With the capacitive proximity sensor of the present invention, the voltage of the sensor electrode is not directly input to the detection circuit, but rather the electrical signal at a specific detection point in the sensor circuit is input to the detection circuit, whereby the extremely small stray capacitance of the sensor electrode can be detected using a detection circuit having a comparatively low input impedance which is not easily affected by the environmental temperature change and noise. Furthermore, with the human body detection method of the present invention, proximity of a human body to the sensor electrode can be detected with higher accuracy.
Hereafter, exemplary modes of embodiment of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings.
The capacitive proximity sensor according to the first exemplary mode of embodiment of the present invention can be used as a sensor for locking or unlocking the doors of a vehicle in a so-called keyless entry system. In this case, the sensor electrode is provided within a door handle, which serves as a manipulated member, and is disposed at a predetermined position so that proximity or contact can be detected when a user is in the proximity of, or contacts, a predetermined face of the door handle.
As shown in the block diagram in
The sensor circuit 10 is provided with: an LCR series resonance circuit, in which a coil L, a capacitor C, and a resistor R are connected in series in this order; and a sensor electrode 11. The sensor electrode 11 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C at a sensor electrode connection point P1 downstream of the coil L and upstream of the capacitor C, and the capacitance thereof increases as a result of proximity of a human body or the like. The inductance of the coil L in the present example is 10 mH, the capacitance of the capacitor C is 7 pF, and the resistance of the resistor R is 470Ω, but these values can be set as appropriate.
The detection circuit 20 has a diode 21 for half-wave rectification, a fixed resistor 22 and a capacitor 23 constituting a low-pass filter, and an amplifier (buffer circuit) 24. This detection circuit 20 outputs a determination voltage signal S1 corresponding to the capacitance of the sensor electrode 11, based on an electrical signal output from the sensor circuit 10. Specifically, the detection circuit 20 outputs the determination voltage signal S1 based on the electrical signal at the detection point P3 downstream of the capacitor C and upstream of the resistor R. Note that a diode 21 is connected at a rectification point P2 between the capacitor C and the detection point P3. The detection circuit 20 can have any circuit configuration, so long as it outputs a determination voltage signal S1 corresponding to the capacitance of the sensor electrode 11. Furthermore, by lowering the resistance value of the resistor R, it is possible to reduce the influence of noise.
If the voltage at the sensor electrode connection point P1 is input directly to the detection circuit as in the conventional capacitive proximity sensor, a detection circuit with extremely high input impedance is required. If the input impedance of the detection circuit is high, it will readily be affected by noise, temperature changes, and the like, and such that it will be difficult to detect slight changes in the stray capacitance of the sensor electrode with high reliability.
Meanwhile, by inputting the electrical signal to the detection circuit 20 at the detection point P3 downstream of the capacitor C and upstream of the resistor R in the sensor circuit 10, as in the present example, very small stray capacitance in the sensor electrode 11 can be detected using an inexpensive detection circuit with low input impedance. Specifically, in the proximity sensor 1 of present example, the current flowing in an LCR series resonance circuit is converted to a voltage and input to the detection circuit 20, wherein the detection circuit 20 is not directly connected to the sensor electrode 11. Therefore, the influence of the detection circuit 20 on the stray capacitance of the sensor electrode 11 is small, such that, even if the input impedance of the detection circuit 20 changes somewhat due to environmental temperature change or the like, the very small stray capacitance of the sensor electrode 11 can be detected.
The microcomputer 30 has an A/D converter 31, a control unit 32 and a high-frequency signal generation unit 33. The A/D converter 31 performs A/D conversion of the determination voltage signal S1 input from the detection circuit 20, and outputs this to the control unit 32 as a determination signal S2. As described in detail below, the control unit 32 outputs a control signal S3 to the high-frequency signal generation unit 33, in addition to which, if it has been determined that a human body has contacted the door handle (is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 22) based on the determination signal S2, the control unit 32 outputs a human detection signal S4. The high-frequency signal generation unit 33, which serves as an oscillation means, will be described in detail below, but outputs a high-frequency signal S0, having a predetermined frequency and a predetermined duty ratio, to the sensor circuit 10, on the basis of the control signal S3, input from the control unit 32.
In present example, a rectangular-wave high-frequency signal (approximately several hundred kHz) is used as the high-frequency signal S0. Note that the high-frequency signal S0 is not limited to rectangular waves, but rather sine waves, triangular waves and the like may be used. The high-frequency signal S0 input to the sensor circuit 10 is distorted by the coil L and the capacitor C (and the capacitance of the sensor electrode 11), and becomes a waveform that is nearly a sawtooth wave, in which the rising edge and the falling edge are delayed, which undergoes half-wave rectification by the diode 21. Furthermore, the electrical signal at the detection point P3 is smoothed by the fixed resistor 22 and the capacitor 23 constituting a low-pass filter, whereafter a determination voltage signal S1 that is close to direct current is output via the buffer circuit 24.
As shown in
Next, a method for detecting a person in the present example will be described.
First, if the relationship is such that fB<fA as shown in
Furthermore, with V1 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA1 in
V
1
<V
th1
≤V
B
is set.
Note that, in the present example,
V
th1=(V1+VB)/2
is set. Specifically, V1 is set to 1.00 V, VB is set to 2.00 V, and Vth1 is set to 1.50 V.
Furthermore, with V2 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA2 in
V
2
<V
th2
≤V
C
is set.
Note that, in the present example,
V
th2=(V2+VC)/2
is set. Specifically, V2 is set to 1.10 V, VC is set to 1.80 V, and Vth2 is set to 1.45 V.
Note that, the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, the first threshold value Vth1 and the second threshold value Vth2 can be determined based on the data in
Next, the operations for detection of a person with the proximity sensor 1 of present example will be described with reference to the flowchart in
Step S0
First, if a user carrying an electronic key approaches the vehicle, wireless communication is performed between the authentication system installed in the vehicle and the electronic key, and this is authenticated as being an authorized electronic key for the vehicle. Note that, this authentication can be performed by known authentication methods for smart entry systems. Once this has been authenticated as being an authorized electronic key, detection of a human body is performed by the proximity sensor 1.
Step S1
The control unit 32 performs control so as to input the high-frequency signal S0 at the first detection frequency f1 (250 kHz) to the sensor circuit 10, from the high-frequency signal generation unit 33.
Steps S2 and S3
In these steps, a determination is made as to whether or not a person with bare hands has approached or made contact with the sensor electrode 11, within a predetermined time.
Upon having input a high-frequency signal S0 at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit 10, if a person with bare hands approaches the sensor electrode 11 within a predetermined time, the determination voltage signal S1 changes from V1 to VB, as shown in
Meanwhile, upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit 10, if the determination voltage signal S1 does not reach or exceed the first threshold value Vth1 within the predetermined time, the processing proceeds to step S4.
Step S4
The control unit 32 performs control so as to input the high-frequency signal S0 at the second detection frequency f2 (257 kHz) to the sensor circuit 10, from the high-frequency signal generation unit 33.
Steps S5 and S6
In these steps, a determination is made as to whether or not a person wearing thin gloves has approached or made contact with the sensor electrode 11, within a predetermined time.
Upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit 10, if a person wearing thin gloves is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11 within a predetermined time, the determination voltage signal S1 changes to VC, as shown in
Meanwhile, upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit 10, if the determination voltage signal S1 does not reach or exceed the second threshold value Vth2 within the predetermined time, the processing returns to step S1.
Step S7
If the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1 in step S2, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2 in step S5, it is determined that a person has touched the door handle (a person is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11), and a human detection signal S4 is output.
Note that, when the human detection signal S4 is output, a door lock mechanism provided in the outer panel of the door is controlled so as to unlock or lock the vehicle door.
Step S8
After a predetermined time (1 second in the present example) has elapsed, the process returns to step S1.
As described above, in the capacitive proximity sensor 1 of the present example, the resonance frequency of the sensor circuit 10 changes as shown in
Here, in the capacitive proximity sensor 1 of the present example, the first detection frequency f1 is set to fB, and the second detection frequency f2 is set to fC, while the first threshold value Vth1 is set to an intermediate value between V1 and VB, and the second threshold value Vth2 is set to an intermediate value between V2 and VC. Furthermore, if the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1 upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit 10, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2 upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit 10, it is determined that a human body has touched the door handle (a human body is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11) and a human detection signal S4 is output. As a result, proximity to the sensor electrode 11 can be detected not only with the bare hands of a person but also in a thin gloved state.
Note that, in the present example, the second detection frequency f2 is input after inputting the first detection frequency f1, but the first detection frequency f1 may be input after inputting the second detection frequency f2. That is to say, the order of steps S1, S2 and of steps S4, S5 may be switched.
Furthermore, in the present example, the first detection frequency f1 is set to fB and the second detection frequency f2 is set to fC, but so long as fB≤f1<f2<fA is satisfied, f1 and f2 may be set arbitrarily.
Furthermore, in the present example,
V
th1=(V1+VB)/2
V
th2=(V2+VC)/2
are set, but Vth1 and Vth2 may be arbitrarily set so long as approach by the bare hand of a person can be detected using Vth1 and approach in a thin gloved state can be detected using Vth2.
The capacitive proximity sensor according to the second exemplary mode of embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as that of the first exemplary mode of embodiment. In the first exemplary mode of embodiment, the high-frequency signals at the first detection frequency f1 and the second detection frequency f2 are input to the sensor circuit in order to detect approach by bare hands and thin gloves but, the present example differs from the first exemplary mode of embodiment in that approach by thick gloves can also be detected.
Next, a method for detecting a person in the present example will be described.
First, if the relationship is such that fB<fA as shown in
The method of setting the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, the first threshold value Vth1 and the second threshold value Vth2 in the present example is the same as in the first exemplary mode of embodiment (see
Furthermore, with V3 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA3 in
V
3
<V
th3
≤V
D
is set.
Note that, in the present example,
V
th3=(V3+VD)/2
is set. Specifically, V3 is set to 1.40 V, VD is set to 1.80 V, and Vth2 is set to 1.60 V.
Note that, the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, the third detection frequency f3, the first threshold value Vth1, the second threshold value Vth2, and the third threshold value Vth3 can be determined based on the data in
Next, the operations for detection of a person with the proximity sensor of the present example will be described with reference to the flowchart in
Steps S10 to S16
Steps S10 to S16 are the same as steps S0 to S6 in the first exemplary mode of embodiment.
Step S17
If the determination voltage signal S1 does not reach or exceed the second threshold value Vth2 within the predetermined time in step S15, the control unit 32 performs control so that the high-frequency signal S0 at the third detection frequency f3 (264 kHz) is input to the sensor circuit 10, from the high-frequency signal generation unit 33.
Steps S18 and S19
In these steps, a determination is made as to whether or not a person wearing thick gloves has approached or made contact with the sensor electrode 11, within a predetermined time. Upon having input a high-frequency signal S0 at the third detection frequency f3 to the sensor circuit 10, if a person wearing thick gloves is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11 within a predetermined time, the determination voltage signal S1 changes to VD (1.80 V), as shown in
Step S20
If the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1 (1.50 V) in step S12, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2 (1.45 V) in step S15, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the third threshold value Vth2 (1.60 V) in step S18, it is determined that a person has touched the door handle (a person is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11) and a human detection signal S4 is output.
Step S21
After a predetermined time has elapsed, the process returns to step S11.
As described above, in the capacitive proximity sensor of the present example, the resonance frequency changes as shown in
Here, in the capacitive proximity sensor of the present example, the first detection frequency f1 is set to fB, the second detection frequency f2 is set to fC, and the third detection frequency f3 is set to fD, while the first threshold value Vth1 is set to an intermediate value between V1 and VB, the second threshold value Vth2 is set to an intermediate value between V2 and VC, and the third threshold value Vth3 is set to an intermediate value between V3 and VD. Furthermore, if the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the first threshold value Vth1 upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the first detection frequency f1 to the sensor circuit 10, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the second threshold value Vth2 upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the second detection frequency f2 to the sensor circuit 10, or the determination voltage signal S1 has reached or exceeded the third threshold voltage Vth3 upon having input the high-frequency signal S0 at the third detection frequency f3 to sensor circuit 10, it is determined that a person has touched the door handle (a person is in the proximity of the sensor electrode 11) and a human detection signal S4 is output. As a result, proximity to the sensor electrode 11 can be detected not only with the bare hands of a person but also in a thin gloved, or thick gloved state.
Note that, in the present example, the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, and the third detection frequency f3 are input in this order, but as in the first exemplary mode of embodiment, the order for these may be switched. That is to say, the order of steps S11 and S12, steps S14 and S15, and steps S17 and S18 may be switched.
Furthermore, in the present example, the first detection frequency f1 is set to fB, the second detection frequency f2 is set to fC and the third detection frequency f3 is set to fD, but so long as fB≤f1<f2<f3<fA is satisfied, f1, f2 and f3 may be set arbitrarily.
Furthermore, in the present example,
V
th1=(V1+VB)/2
V
th2=(V2+VC)/2
V
th3=(V3+VD)/2
were set, but so long as approach by the bare hand of a person can be detected using Vth1, approach in a thin gloved state can be detected using Vth2, and approach in a thick gloved state can be detected using Vth3, Vth1 Vth2 and Vth3 can be arbitrarily set.
The capacitive proximity sensor according to the third exemplary mode of embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as that of the first exemplary mode of embodiment. Generally, in capacitive proximity sensors, there are methods in which the sensitivity is decreased so as not to react to water but, in these methods, there are problems in that detection cannot be achieved in a thick gloved state or with a hand or a foot that is distanced from the sensor. The proximity sensor in the present example is made capable of detecting only people, without detecting the water, and without lowering the sensitivity of the sensor.
As shown in
Next, a method for detecting a person in the present example will be described.
First, if the relationship is such that fW<fB<fA as shown in
Thus, the present example corresponds changing the first detection frequency f1 from fA to fW in the second exemplary mode of embodiment.
Furthermore, with V11 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA1 in
V
11
<V
th1
≤V
B1
V
12
<V
th1
≤V
B1
is set.
Note that, in the present example, because V11<V12,
V
th1=(V12+VB1)/2
is set. Specifically, V12 is 1.55 V, VB1 is 1.95 V, and Vth1 is set to 1.75 V.
Furthermore, with V21 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA2 in
V
21
<V
th2
≤V
C
V
22
<V
th2
≤V
C
is set.
Note that in the present example, since V22<V21,
V
th2=(V21+VC)/2
is set. Specifically, V21 is 1.20 V, VC is 1.80 V, and Vth2 is set to 1.50 V.
Furthermore, with V31 being the determination voltage signal (the voltage at the point PA3 in
V
31
<V
th3
≤V
D
V
32
<V
th3
≤V
D
is set.
Note that in the present example, since V32<V31,
V
th3=(V31+VD)/2
is set. Specifically, V31 is 1.40 V, VD is 1.80 V, and Vth3 is set to 1.60 V.
Note that, the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, the third detection frequency f3, the first threshold value Vth1, the second threshold value Vth2, and the third threshold value Vth3 can be determined based on the data in
The operations of detecting a person with the proximity sensor of the present example are exactly the same as in the flowchart in
In the capacitive proximity sensor 1 of the present example, the resonance frequency changes as shown in
Here, in the capacitive proximity sensor of the present example, a first detection frequency f1, a second detection frequency f2, and a third detection frequency f3, which satisfy the relationship fW≤f1≤fB<f2<f3<fA, are set, a first threshold value Vth1 is set to an intermediate value between V12 and VB1 (see
Note that, in the present example as well, the input order of the first detection frequency f1, the second detection frequency f2, and the third detection frequency f3 may be switched.
Furthermore, in the present example, the first detection frequency f1 is set to fW, the second detection frequency f2 is set to fC and the third detection frequency f3 is set to fD, but so long as the relationship fB≤f1<f2<f3<fA is satisfied, f1, f2 and f3 may be set arbitrarily.
Furthermore, in the present example,
V
th1=(V12+VB1)/2
V
th2=(V21+VC)/2
V
th3=(V31+VD)/2
were set, but so long as approach by the bare hand of a person can be detected using Vth1, approach in a thin gloved state can be detected using Vth2, and approach in a thick gloved state can be detected using Vth3, while preventing erroneous detection due to the proximity of water, Vth1, Vth2 and Vth3 can be arbitrarily set.
Although the exemplary modes of embodiment of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these exemplary modes of embodiment and, needless to say, it is possible to appropriately modify or combine the exemplary modes of embodiment described above without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the first to third exemplary modes of embodiment, the detection frequencies and threshold values were determined based on data concerning the relationship between the frequency f of the high-frequency signal S0 and the determination voltage signal S1 (
Specifically, when used as a sensor for unlocking or locking a vehicle door in a keyless entry system, since no object is yet in the proximity of the sensor electrode at the time when the authorized electronic key is authenticated, the data (the resonance frequency fA, the peak voltage PA and the like) in the graph S1A when no object is in the proximity of the sensor electrode can be acquired by performing a frequency sweep with the high-frequency signal S0 at this point in time.
Then, all of the detection frequencies can be found by way of predetermined calculations based on fA, such as,
f
1
=f
A−20 (kHz)
f
2
=f
A−15 (kHz)
f
3
=f
A−10 (kHz)
Furthermore, all of the threshold values can be found by way of predetermined calculations based on PA, such as
V
th1
=P
A×0.8 (V)
V
th2
=P
A×0.6 (V)
V
th2
=P
A×0.7 (V)
Note that, these calculations can be arbitrarily determined on the basis of data obtained beforehand, assuming a vehicle door including a door handle and the like, in which the proximity sensor is actually arranged.
Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the specific configurations of the sensor circuit and the detection circuit, and in addition to that shown in the block diagram in
Furthermore, in the first to third exemplary modes of embodiment, a case in which the proximity sensor was mounted in a vehicle door handle was described, but the capacitive proximity sensor of the present invention can also be applied to doors in homes, offices and the like.
Furthermore, in the first to third exemplary modes of embodiment, a case was described in which, when the proximity of an object has been detected, control is performed so as to lock and unlock a door but, for example, various types of interior or exterior illumination and indication lights may be controlled on and off.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-025592 | Feb 2018 | JP | national |
