The present invention relates generally to electronic faucets. More particularly, the present invention relates to capacitive sensing systems and methods for operating a faucet.
Electronic faucets are often used to control fluid flow. Some electronic faucets include proximity sensors such as active infrared (“IR”) proximity detectors or capacitive proximity sensors to control operation of the faucet. Such proximity sensors are used to detect a user's hands positioned near the faucet and automatically start fluid flow through the faucet in response to detection of the user's hands. Other electronic faucets use touch sensors to control the faucet. Such touch sensors may include capacitive touch sensors or other types of touch sensors located on a spout or on a handle of the faucet for controlling operation of the faucet. Electronic faucets may also include separate touch and proximity sensors.
The present invention uses a single capacitive sensor to provide both touch and hands free modes of operation of the faucet. A user can selectively activate the hands free mode of operation so that the capacitive sensor senses a user's hands in a detection area located near the faucet without requiring the user to touch the faucet. When the hands free mode is activated, the single capacitive sensor detects a user's hands in the detection area and automatically starts fluid flow. The hands free mode may also be selectively disabled.
The use of the capacitive sensor for both touch and proximity sensing eliminates the need for an IR detector and its associated IR detection window. In illustrated embodiments, use of both touch and hands free activation of an electronic faucet provides variable control of water flow for various tasks such as hand-washing, filling a sink, running hot water to purge cold water from the line, or the like. In an illustrated embodiment, both touch and hands free detection is performed with capacitive sensing circuitry connected to the spout with a single wire. A controller of the electronic faucet is programmed with software to evaluate the output signal from the capacitive sensor to determine whether user's hands are detected in the detection area when the proximity sensor is active and to indicate which portion of the faucet is touched and for how long in order to operate the faucet as discussed below.
In an illustrated embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic faucet comprises a spout having a passageway configured to conduct fluid flow through the spout, an electrically operable valve coupled to the passageway, and a single capacitive sensor coupled to a portion of the faucet. The single capacitive sensor provides both a touch sensor and a proximity sensor for the electronic faucet.
In an illustrated embodiment, the capacitive sensor includes an electrode coupled to the spout. Also in an illustrated embodiment, the electronic faucet further comprises a controller coupled to the capacitive sensor. The controller being configured to monitor an output signal from the capacitive sensor to detect when a portion of the faucet is touched by a user and to detect when a user's hands are located in a detection area located near the spout. The controller is illustratively configured to operate the faucet in either a first mode of operation in which the proximity sensor is inactive or a second mode of operation in which the proximity sensor is active.
In another illustrated embodiment of the present disclosure, a method is provided for controlling fluid flow in an electronic faucet having a spout, a passageway configured to conduct fluid flow through the spout, an electrically operable valve coupled to the passageway, a manual valve located in series with the electrically operable valve, and a manual handle configured to control the manual valve. The illustrated method comprises providing a single capacitive sensor coupled to a portion of the faucet, monitoring an output signal from the capacitive sensor to detect when a user touches at least one of the spout and the manual valve handle and to detect when a user's hands are located in a detection area located near the faucet, and controlling the electrically operable valve is response to the monitoring step.
In an illustrated embodiment, the method further includes providing a first mode of operation of the faucet in which the proximity sensor is inactive, providing a second mode of operation of the faucet in which the proximity sensor is active, and selectively changing between the first and second modes of operation. In one illustrated embodiment, the step of selectively changing between the first and second modes of operation comprises toggling the faucet between the first mode of operation and the second mode of operation in response to detecting a predetermined pattern of touching at least one of the spout and the manual valve handle. In another illustrated embodiment, the step of selectively changing between the first and second modes of operation comprises actuating a mode selector switch.
Additional features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment exemplifying the best mode of carrying out the invention as presently perceived.
The detailed description of the drawings particularly refers to the accompanying figures in which:
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the present disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, which are described below. The embodiments disclosed below are not intended to be exhaustive or limit the invention to the precise form disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may utilize their teachings. Therefore, no limitation of the scope of the claimed invention is thereby intended. The present invention includes any alterations and further modifications of the illustrated devices and described methods and further applications of the principles of the invention which would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.
In an alternative embodiment, the hot water source 16 and cold water source 18 may be connected directly to actuator driven valve 22 to provide a fully automatic faucet without any manual controls. In yet another embodiment, the controller 24 controls an electronic proportioning valve (not shown) to supply fluid to the spout 12 from hot and cold water sources 16, 18.
Because the actuator driven valve 22 is controlled electronically by controller 24, flow of water can be controlled using an output from a capacitive sensor 26. As shown in
The output signal from capacitive sensor 26 may be used to control actuator driven valve 22 which thereby controls flow of water to the spout 12 from the hot and cold water sources 16 and 18. By sensing capacitance changes with capacitive sensor 26, the controller 24 can make logical decisions to control different modes of operation of system 10 such as changing between a manual mode of operation and a hands free mode of operation as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,537,023; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/641,574; U.S. Pat. No. 7,150,293; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/325,128; and PCT International Application Ser. Nos. PCT/US2008/01288 and PCT/US2008/013598, the disclosures of which are all expressly incorporated herein by reference.
The amount of fluid from hot water source 16 and cold water source 18 is determined based on one or more user inputs, such as desired fluid temperature, desired fluid flow rate, desired fluid volume, various task based inputs, various recognized presentments, and/or combinations thereof. As discussed above, the system 10 may also include electronically controlled mixing valve which is in fluid communication with both hot water source 16 and cold water source 18. Exemplary electronically controlled mixing valves are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,458,520 and PCT International Application Ser. No. PCT/US2007/060512, the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.
The controller 24 is coupled to a power supply 21 which may be a building power supply and/or to a battery power supply. In an illustrated embodiment, an electrode 25 of capacitive sensor 26 is coupled to the spout 12. In an exemplary embodiment, the capacitive sensor 26 may be a CapSense capacitive sensor available from Cypress Semiconductor Corporation or other suitable capacitive sensor. An output from capacitive sensor 26 is coupled to controller 24. As discussed above, the capacitive sensor 26 and electrode 25 are used for both a touch sensor and a hands free proximity sensor. In the hands free mode of operation, capacitive sensor 26 and controller 24 detect a user's hands or other object within the detection area 27 located near the spout 12.
An operator of the electronic faucet 10 can selectively enable or disable the proximity detector using a mode selector switch 28 coupled to the controller 24. The faucet 10 may include an indicator 29 to provide a visual or audio indication when the electronic faucet is in the hands free mode. The hands free mode can also be enabled or disabled using a series of touches of the spout 12 and/or handle 14. In an illustrated embodiment, the spout 12 is coupled to faucet body hub 13 through an insulator 15. The faucet body hub 13 may be electrically coupled to the manual valve handle 14. Therefore, the spout 12 is electrically isolated from the faucet body hub 13 and the handle 14. In this illustrated embodiment, the electrode 25 is directly coupled to the spout 12 and capacitively coupled to the handle 14 so that the capacitive sensor 26 and controller 24 may determine whether the spout 12 or the manual valve handle 14 is touched by a user based on the difference in the capacitive sensor level as illustrated, for example, in PCT International Publication No. WO2008/088534, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In an illustrated embodiment of the present disclosure, a system and method are disclosed for providing both touch and proximity detection for an electronic faucet with a single capacitive sensor as illustrated in
Operation begins at block 30. Controller 24 selectively enables or disables the hands free mode as illustrated at block 32. As discussed above, using the mode selector switch 28 coupled to controller 24 selectively enabled and disabled the hands free mode. Alternatively, the user may enable or disable the hands free mode of operation by using a predetermined pattern of touching the spout and/or manual valve handle 14. For example, the hands free function can be turned off by grasping a spout 12 and touching the handle 14 twice quickly in one embodiment. The hands free mode can be turned back on by repeating this touching pattern. It is understood that other touching patterns may be used to turn the hands free mode of operation on and off as well.
Controller 24 determines whether or not the hands free function is enabled at block 34. If the hands free function is enabled, the controller monitors the capacitance signal for proximity detection as illustrated at block 36. In other words, controller 24 monitors an output from capacitive sensor 26 to determine whether a user's hands are within the detection area 27. Controller 24 determines whether the user's hands are detected in the detection area 27 at block 38. If so, controller 24 sends a signal to open valve 22 and provide fluid flow through the spout 12 as illustrated at block 40. Controller 24 then advances to block 44 as illustrated at block 42, while continuing to monitor the hands free detection area at block 38. If the user's hands are not detected within the detection zone at block 38, controller 24 closes the valve 22, if it was open as illustrated at block 41, and advances to block 44 of
If the hands free mode of operation is disabled at block 34, controller advances to block 44 of
The controller 24 processes the output capacitive signal received from capacitive sensor 26 to determine whether the spout 12 or handle 14 was touched based on the signal characteristics. Next, controller 24 performs an operation based on the touch location and/or touch pattern detected as illustrated at block 52 and described in detail with reference to
The user can place the electronic faucet 10 in the hands free mode so that the user does not have to touch the spout or handle to activate the faucet. In the hands free mode of operation, capacitive sensor 26 detects the user's hands in detection area 27 and controller 24 actuates valve 22 to provide fluid flow until the user's hands leave the detection area 27. For other tasks, such as filling the sink, purging cold water from the hot water line or other function, different touch sequences can be used. The touch duration and patterns can control flow rate, water temperature, activate and deactivate features such as the hands free on and off, or set other program features.
In one illustrated embodiment, the capacitive sensor 26 is a CapSense capacitive sensor available from Cypress Semiconductor Corporation as discussed above. In this illustrated embodiment, the capacitive sensor 26 converts capacitance into a count value. The unprocessed count value is referred to as a raw count. Processing the raw count signal determines whether the spout 12 is touched or whether a user's hands are in the detection area 27. Preferably, a signal to noise ratio of at least 3:1 is used.
The same output signal from the single capacitive sensor 26 may also be used to determine whether the spout 12 or a handle 14 is touched. When the electrode 25 is coupled to the spout 12 and the spout 12 is touched, a large positive slope is generated in the capacitive signal as illustrated at location 68. The capacitive signal count level exceeds the touch threshold 70 during the time of the touch which is shown by portion 72 of the capacitive signal. Controller 24 may then detect a negative slope at location 74 indicating that the touch has ended. The controller 24 may distinguish between a “tap” and a “grab” of the spout 12 based on the amount of time between the positive and negative slopes of the capacitive signal.
In an illustrated embodiment, hands free threshold 66 for proximity detection is set at about 30-40 counts. The spout touch detection threshold 70 is illustratively set at about 300-400 counts. In other words, the amplitude of the capacitive signal from capacitive sensor 26 for the spout touch threshold 70 is about 10 times greater than the amplitude for the hands free threshold 66.
If the capacitive sensor 26 and electrode 25 are also used to detect touching of the handle 14, another threshold level is provided for the handle touch. For example, the handle touch threshold may be set at a level 76 shown in
The present disclosure relates to a single capacitive sensor in an electronic faucet which operates in either a “touch mode” or a “proximity mode”. In the touch mode of operation, operation of the faucet changes when a user touches the spout or handle of the faucet. In a proximity or “hands-free” mode of operation, operation of the faucet begins automatically the person's hands are placed in a detection area near a portion of the faucet. The user may select to disable the proximity mode of operation and only use the touch mode. The single capacitive sensor is connected to the faucet with a single wire to provide an inexpensive way to provide both touch and proximity sensing without adding a second sensor to the faucet.
If controller 24 detects a tap on the spout after detecting user's hands in the detection area 27 and turning the water on at location 102, controller 24 then determines the tap timing from the start of hands-free mode as illustrated at block 104. If the tap is detected less than 0.5 seconds after the hands-free mode turned on the water after the user's hands were detected, the controller 24 leaves the water on via the touch mode as illustrated at block 106. In other words, if the user's hands reach through the detection area 27 in order to tap the spout, a hands-free detection is made within the detection area 27 followed within 0.5 seconds by a tap of the spout indicating that the controller 24 should turn the water on via the touch mode at location 106. If the tap occurs at block 104 at a time greater than 0.5 seconds after the hands-free mode of operation was detected, controller 24 turns the water off at block 100.
When the water is on via the hands-free mode at block 102 and the controller 24 detects a grab of the spout, the controller 24 determines a grab timing from the start of the hands-free mode as illustrated at block 108. If the grab is detected at a time greater than 0.5 seconds after the hands free mode was initiated, the water remains on via the hands-free mode at location 102. However, if the grab of the spout occurs at a time less than 0.5 seconds after the initiation of the hands-free mode, the water remains on via the touch mode at location 106. The 0.5 second timing may be set to another predetermined time, if desired.
When the water is off at location 100 and either a tap or a grab of the spout 12 is detected, water is turned on via the touch mode at location 106. Water remains on via the touch mode as long as no action occurs, the user's hands are detected in the detection area 27, or a spout grab is detected. If a tap of the spout when the water is on via the touch mode at location 106, the water is turned off
In one illustrated embodiment of the present disclosure, the faucet 10 turns off the water differently depending on how it was turned on as discussed above. If the faucet 10 is turned on by touching (tapping or grabbing) a portion of the faucet 10, then the faucet 10 is turned off by either a tap or by a one minute timeout. If the faucet 10 is turned on in the hands-free mode by detecting a user's hands in detection area 27, the faucet 10 is turned off when the user's hands are removed from the detection area 27, by a tap of the faucet 10 by the user more than 0.5 second after the hands-free mode is detected, or by the one minute timeout. Therefore, if a user intended to turn the faucet on using the hands-free mode, but accidentally and unknowingly touched the faucet 10 less than 0.5 second after the hands-free mode was detected, then the faucet 10 will not turn off when the user's hands leave the detection area 27. This may cause the user to believe that the faucet 10 is not functioning properly to turn off the water in the hands-free mode.
In order to address this issue, the indicator 29 is a light such as an LED in one illustrated embodiment of the present disclosure. The controller 24 illuminates the indicator light 29 in a distinguishing pattern to provide a visual indication when the faucet is operating in the hands-free mode of operation. For example, when the faucet 10 is activated by a detected touch, the controller 24 turns on the indicator light 29 continuously. When the faucet 10 is turned on due to hands-free activation, the controller 24 turns the indicator light 29 on and off in a blinking pattern. Therefore, the user can determine the mode of operation of the faucet 10 based on the pattern of light from the indicator 29. It is understood that other types of indicators 29 may be used to distinguish between the hands-free and touch modes of operation.
While this disclosure has been described as having exemplary designs and embodiments, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Therefore, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to certain illustrated embodiments, variations and modifications exist within the spirit and scope of the invention as described and defined in the following claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/642,462, filed on Oct. 19, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,776,817, the disclosure of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein. U.S. application Ser. No. 13/642,462 is a U.S. National Phase Application of PCT International Application No. PCT/US2011/033241, filed on Apr. 20, 2011 and a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/763,690, filed on Apr. 20, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,561,626, the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 13642462 | Oct 2012 | US |
Child | 14330991 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12763690 | Apr 2010 | US |
Child | 13642462 | US |