Patent Grant
11326585
The present invention relates to a capacity control valve that variably controls the volume or pressure of working fluid, for example, a capacity control valve that controls, in accordance with pressure, the amount of fluid to be discharged from a variable-capacity compressor used in an air-conditioning system for an automobile.
A variable-capacity compressor used in an air-conditioning system for an automobile or the like includes a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by an engine, a swash plate that is connected to the rotating shaft so that an inclination angle thereof is variable, compression pistons that are connected to the swash plate, and the like; and changes the strokes of the pistons by the change of the inclination angle of the swash plate to control the amount of fluid to be discharged. The inclination angle of the swash plate can be continuously changed in a case where pressure in a control chamber is appropriately controlled while suction pressure Ps of a suction chamber, discharge pressure Pd of a discharge chamber, and control pressure Pc of the control chamber are used. The suction chamber sucks fluid using a capacity control valve driven to be opened/closed by an electromagnetic force, the discharge chamber discharges fluid pressurized by the pistons, and the control chamber houses the swash plate.
In a case where such a variable-capacity compressor is left in a stop state for a long time after the stop of the variable-capacity compressor, the suction pressure Ps, the discharge pressure Pd, and the control pressure Pc of the variable-capacity compressor become uniform pressure and the control pressure Pc and the suction pressure Ps are much higher than control pressure Pc and suction pressure Ps obtained during the continuous drive of the variable-capacity compressor (hereinafter, also referred to as “during the continuous drive” for short). Since the amount of fluid to be discharged cannot be appropriately controlled at the control pressure Pc much higher than the control pressure Pc obtained during the continuous drive, it is necessary to reduce the control pressure Pc by discharging fluid present in the control chamber. For this purpose, there is a capacity control valve that is adapted to discharge fluid from the inside of the control chamber of the variable-capacity compressor in a short time at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor.
There is known a capacity control valve 100 disclosed in Patent Citation 1. As illustrated in
In a case where current is applied to the solenoid 180 of the capacity control valve 100 and the valve body 150 is moved at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor, the first valve part 152 is moved in the closing direction of the main valve and the second valve part 153 is moved in the opening direction of a second valve. Accordingly, since the third valve chamber 140 and the second valve chamber 130 are caused to communicate with each other by the intermediate communication passage 155, the suction-side passages 113a and 113b are opened. Accordingly, high-pressure fluid present in the control chamber is discharged to the suction chamber from the third valve through the intermediate communication passage 155. After that, in a case where the suction pressure Ps and the control pressure Pc are reduced, the pressure sensitive body 160 is elastically restored and expands and the adapter 170 is seated on the third valve part 154 and closes the third valve.
Patent Citation 1: JP 2014-47661 A (page 4,
However, in Patent Citation 1, the first valve part 152 closes the main valve and the second valve part 153 opens the second valve at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor. Accordingly, high-pressure fluid present in the control chamber is discharged to the suction chamber from the third valve through the intermediate communication passage 155 and the suction-side passages 113a and 113b opened by the second valve part 153, so that the control pressure Pc of the control chamber is reduced with the startup of the variable-capacity compressor. However, in a case where the pressure sensitive body 160 is elastically restored and expands and the adapter 170 is seated on the third valve part 154 and closes the third valve before the control pressure Pc is reduced to a pressure close to pressure obtained during continuous drive, fluid cannot be discharged to the suction chamber from the control chamber any more. As a result, the control pressure Pc cannot be quickly reduced.
The present invention has been made in consideration of such a problem, and an object of the invention is to provide a capacity control valve that can quickly reduce pressure in a control chamber at the time of the startup of a variable-capacity compressor.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a capacity control valve according to the present invention includes a valve housing having a main valve seat portion formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof, a main valve body that has a main valve portion capable of seating on the main valve seat portion and is capable of blocking communication between a discharge port through which discharge fluid having discharge pressure passes and a control port through which control fluid having control pressure passes depending on a driving force of a solenoid, a relief valve that is opened by pressure, a first flow channel that allows the control port and a suction port, through which sucked fluid having suction pressure passes, to communicate with each other in a case where the relief valve is opened, a second flow channel that is formed at least partially in parallel with the first flow channel and allows the control port and the suction port to communicate with each other, and a spool valve body that is reciprocatably disposed in a sleeve and capable of adjusting an opening of the second flow channel depending on the drive force of the solenoid. After the main valve portion is seated on the main valve seat portion, the spool valve body is further moved by the driving force of the solenoid and increases the opening of the second flow channel. According to this configuration, even though the relief valve is closed due to a reduction in the suction pressure and the control pressure obtained at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor and the first flow channel allowing the control port and the suction port to communicate with each other is closed, the main valve portion of the main valve body is seated on the main valve seat portion depending on the driving force of the solenoid to close a main valve formed by the main valve portion and the main valve seat portion and the spool valve body is then further moved to increase the opening of the second flow channel. Accordingly, since high-pressure fluid present in the control chamber of the variable-capacity compressor can be discharged to the suction chamber through the second flow channel, pressure in the control chamber can be quickly reduced. Further, since the communication of the second flow channel is switched by the spool valve, the flow rate of fluid in the second flow channel can be accurately controlled.
Preferably, the spool valve body might be positioned at a position where the opening of the second flow channel is maintained at the minimum opening area when the main valve portion is seated on the main valve seat portion. According to this configuration, during the continuous drive of the variable-capacity compressor, a driving force of the solenoid, which is required to cause the main valve portion is seated on the main valve seat portion to close the main valve, is smaller than a driving force causing the spool valve body to move relative to the main valve body. Accordingly, since the spool valve body is not further moved from a state where the main valve portion is seated on the main valve seat portion, the opening of the second flow channel is maintained at the minimum opening area. As a result, pressure is easily controlled by the capacity control valve.
Preferably, the main valve body and the spool valve body might be disposed so as to be capable of reciprocating in an axial direction. According to this configuration, the structures of the main valve and the spool valve can be simplified.
Preferably, the first flow channel might be a hollow hole that is formed in the main valve body so as to extend in an axial direction of the main valve body. According to this configuration, the fluid can be discharged through the first flow channel, which is the hollow hole formed in the main valve body to extend in the axial direction, in a case where the relief valve is opened. Accordingly, since the first flow channel can ensure a large flow channel cross-sectional area, the pressure in the control chamber of the variable-capacity compressor can be quickly reduced.
Preferably, at least part of the second flow channel might is a through-hole formed in the valve housing. According to this configuration, the fluid can be discharged in parallel from two flow channels, that is, the first flow channel formed in the hollow hole of the main valve body and the second flow channel provided in the valve housing separately from the first flow channel. Accordingly, the pressure in the control chamber of the variable-capacity compressor can be quickly reduced.
Preferably, the main valve body and the spool valve body respectively might have protrusions protruding in opposite radial directions and be engaged with each other by bringing the protrusions into contact with each other. According to this configuration, even though the main valve body causes a malfunction in an open state in the valve housing, a force in the axial direction is applied to the main valve body by the spool valve body through the protrusions in contact with each other. Accordingly, the main valve portion can be separated from the main valve seat portion.
Preferably, a maximum separation distance in the axial direction between the main valve body and the spool valve body might be set to be shorter than a distance where the spool valve body is movable relative to the main valve body in the axial direction. According to this configuration, even though the main valve body causes a malfunction in a closed state in the valve housing, the spool valve body can be moved relative to the main valve body in the axial direction to come into contact with the main valve body and to apply a force to the main valve body in the axial direction. Accordingly, the main valve portion of the main valve body can be reliably seated on the main valve seat to close the main valve.
Preferably, the relief valve might be provided with an orifice portion that always allows the control port and the suction port to communicate with each other through the first flow channel. According to this configuration, the control port and the suction port can always communicate with each other through the first flow channel by the orifice portion in a case where the relief valve is closed. Accordingly, the pressure of the suction chamber and the pressure of the control chamber can be balanced and adjusted.
A capacity control valve according to the present invention will be described below on the basis of embodiments.
A capacity control valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
First, the variable-capacity compressor M will be described. As illustrated in
Further, the variable-capacity compressor M is provided with a communication passage 9 allowing the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3 to directly communicate with each other, and the communication passage 9 is provided with a stationary orifice 9a that balances and adjusts the pressure of the suction chambers 3 and the pressure of the control chamber 4.
Furthermore, the variable-capacity compressor M includes a driven pulley 8 that is provided outside the casing 1 and is connected to a V-belt (not illustrated), a rotating shaft 8a which protrudes to the outside of the casing 1 from the inside of the control chamber 4 and to which the driven pulley 8 is fixed, a swash plate 8b that is connected to the rotating shaft 8a in an eccentric state by a hinge mechanism 8e, a plurality of pistons 8c that are fitted into the cylinders 4a to be capable of reciprocating, a plurality of connecting members 8d that connect the swash plate 8b to the respective pistons 8c, and a spring 8f into which the rotating shaft 8a is inserted. A force is always applied to the swash plate 8b by the spring 8f and the hinge mechanism 8e.
The inclination angle of the swash plate 8b with respect to the rotating shaft 8a is changed in the variable-capacity compressor M by control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4, so that the strokes of the pistons 8c are variable. Specifically, as the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 is higher, the inclination angle of the swash plate 8b with respect to the rotating shaft 8a is smaller and the strokes of the pistons 8c are reduced. However, in a case where the control pressure Pc becomes a pressure equal to or higher than a certain level, the swash plate 8b is in a substantially vertical state (i.e., a state where the swash plate 8b is slightly inclined from a vertical state) with respect to the rotating shaft 8a. In this case, the strokes of the pistons 8c become the minimum, so that pressure applied to the fluid in the cylinders 4a by the pistons 8c becomes the minimum. Accordingly, the amount of the fluid to be discharged to the discharge chamber 2 is reduced, so that the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning system becomes the minimum. On the other hand, as the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 is reduced, the inclination angle of the swash plate 8b with respect to the rotating shaft 8a is larger and the strokes of the pistons 8c are increased. However, in a case where the control pressure Pc becomes a pressure equal to or lower than a certain level, the swash plate 8b has the maximum inclination angle with respect to the rotating shaft 8a. In this case, the strokes of the pistons 8c become the maximum, so that pressure applied to the fluid in the cylinders 4a by the pistons 8c becomes the maximum. Accordingly, the amount of the fluid to be discharged to the discharge chamber 2 is increased, so that the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning system becomes the maximum.
The capacity control valve V built in the variable-capacity compressor M variably controls the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 by adjusting current to be applied to a coil 87 of the solenoid 80, controlling the opening/closing of a first valve 57 serving as a main valve of the capacity control valve V, a second valve 58, and a spool valve 50, controlling the opening/closing of a relief valve 59 using surrounding fluid pressure, and controlling the fluid flowing into the control chamber 4 or flowing out of the control chamber 4.
In this embodiment, the first valve 57 includes a first valve body 53 serving as a main valve body and a valve seat 12c serving as a main valve seat portion that is formed on the inner peripheral surface of a valve housing 10 forming a communication passage 12b, and is adapted so that a first valve portion 53a serving as a main valve portion formed at the left end of the first valve body 53 in an axial direction comes into contact with and is separated from the valve seat 12c. The second valve 58 includes a second valve body 54 and an opening end face 83g of a sleeve portion 83s serving as a sleeve of a stationary core 83 forming a communication passage 13b, and is adapted so that a second valve portion 54a formed at the right end of the second valve body 54 in the axial direction comes into contact with and is separated from the opening end face 83g. The relief valve 59 includes an adapter 70 of a pressure sensitive body 60 and a valve seat 55a formed at the left end portion of a third valve body 55 in the axial direction, and is adapted so that a right end 70a of the adapter 70 in the axial direction comes into contact with and is separated from the valve seat 55a. The spool valve 50 includes a spool valve body 52 and the stationary core 83.
Next, the structure of the capacity control valve V will be described. As illustrated in
As illustrated in
A recessed portion 81b that is recessed to the right side in the axial direction from the radial center of the left end of the casing 81 in the axial direction is formed at the casing 81, and a mounting portion 10a formed at the right end of the valve housing 10 in the axial direction is inserted into the recessed portion 81b.
The stationary core 83 includes: a cylindrical portion 83a that is formed of a rigid body made of a magnetic material, such as iron or silicon steel, and includes an insertion hole 83b into which the driving rod 84 extending in the axial direction is inserted; and an annular flange portion 83c that extends radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the left end portion of the cylindrical portion 83a in the axial direction. A recessed portion 83d recessed rightward in the axial direction from the radial center of the left end of the cylindrical portion 83a in the axial direction is formed at the stationary core 83. Since the flange portion 83c extends radially outward from a position that is closer to the right side in the axial direction than the left end of the cylindrical portion 83a in the axial direction, an annular stepped portion 83e is formed at the left end portion of the stationary core 83 in the axial direction by the left end face of the flange portion 83c in the axial direction and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 83a that is orthogonal to the left end face of the flange portion 83c and extends to the left end of the stationary core 83 in the axial direction.
A plurality of through-holes 83f that extend in a radial direction to communicate with the recessed portion 83d formed on the inner diameter side in the cylindrical portion 83a is formed in the annular stepped portion 83e.
Further, the flange portion 83c of the stationary core 83 is disposed on the inner diameter side in the recessed portion 81b of the casing 81, the mounting portion 10a of the valve housing 10 is disposed on the outer diameter side in the recessed portion 81b, and the flange portion 83c of the stationary core 83 is inserted into a recessed portion 10b that is recessed leftward in the axial direction from the radial center of the right end of the mounting portion 10a of the valve housing 10 in the axial direction. In this case, the flange portion 83c of the stationary core 83 is brought into contact with the bottom of the recessed portion 81b of the casing 81, and is fixed to the casing 81 in a state where the outer diameter side of the opening end face 83g formed at the left end of the cylindrical portion 83a (sleeve portion 83s) in the axial direction is brought into contact with the bottom of the recessed portion 10b of the valve housing 10.
As illustrated in
Further, the valve housing 10 includes communication passages 12a and 12b serving as a discharge port that functions as a discharge-side passage allowing the discharge chamber 2 and the control chamber 4 of the variable-capacity compressor M to communicate with each other, a communication passage 14a serving as a control port, communication passages 13a and 13b serving as an suction port that functions as a suction-side passage allowing the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3 of the variable-capacity compressor M to communicate with each other together with a first communication passage 56 serving as a hollow hole and a first flow channel to be described later and a second communication passage 90 serving as a second flow channel formed at least partially in parallel with the first flow channel, a first valve chamber 20 that is formed in the middle of the discharge-side passage, a second valve chamber 30 that is formed in the middle of a suction-side passage, and a third valve chamber 40 that is formed at a position opposite to the second valve chamber 30 with respect to the first valve chamber 20. The communication passage 13b is defined by the opening end face 83g of the sleeve portion 83s of the stationary core 83, the second valve body 54, and the spool valve body 52.
Furthermore, a through-hole 90a penetrating the valve housing 10 in the axial direction is formed on the outer diameter side in the valve housing 10. The through-hole 90a forms a part of the second communication passage 90 that allows the second valve chamber 30 and the third valve chamber 40 to communicate with each other in the valve housing 10.
The second communication passage 90 mainly includes the through-hole 90a that penetrates the valve housing 10 in the axial direction, an annular connecting space 91 that is formed in a case where the flange portion 83c of the stationary core 83 is inserted into the recessed portion 10b of the valve housing 10, a through-hole 83f that penetrates the cylindrical portion 83a of the stationary core 83 in the radial direction, and an annular groove portion 52b that is provided on an outer peripheral surface 52a of the spool valve body 52 to be described later. The connecting space 91 is defined by the inner peripheral surface and the bottom of the recessed portion 10b of the valve housing 10 and the annular stepped portion 83e of the stationary core 83. Further, the second communication passage 90 always communicates with the communication passage 13b that functions as a suction-side passage through a spool-adjustment flow channel 92 continuous with the annular groove portion 52b. The spool-adjustment flow channel 92 (second communication passage 90) is adapted so that the opening of the spool-adjustment flow channel 92 can be adjusted by the spool valve 50 including the spool valve body 52 and the sleeve portion 83s of the stationary core 83. The spool valve 50 and the adjustment of an opening using the spool valve 50 will be described in detail later.
As illustrated in
The first valve body 53 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, the substantially cylindrical second valve body 54 is fixed to the right end portion of the first valve body 53 in the axial direction, the substantially cylindrical third valve body 55 is fixed to the left end portion of the first valve body 53 in the axial direction, and the first valve body 53, the second valve body 54, and the third valve body 55 are adapted to be integrally moved in the axial direction. The first communication passage 56, which penetrates the first valve body 53, the second valve body 54, and the third valve body 55 in the axial direction and functions as a suction-side passage, is formed in the first valve body 53, the second valve body 54, and the third valve body 55 by the connection of hollow holes.
The pressure sensitive body 60 mainly includes a bellows core 61 in which a coil spring 62 is built and an adapter 70 that is formed at the right end portion of the bellows core 61 in the axial direction. The left end of the bellows core 61 in the axial direction is fixed to the adjustable partition member 11.
Further, the pressure sensitive body 60 is disposed in the third valve chamber 40, and is adapted so that a right end 70a of the adapter 70 in the axial direction is seated on the valve seat 55a of the third valve body 55 by the biasing forces of the coil spring 62 and the bellows core 61.
The spool valve body 52 is formed separately from the first valve body 53, is connected and fixed to the driving rod 84 of the solenoid 80 in a state where the right end portion of the spool valve body 52 in the axial direction is inserted into the recessed portion 83d of the stationary core 83, and is adapted to be capable of being moved to the left side in the axial direction by the driving force of the solenoid 80. In this way, the left end side of the stationary core 83 where the recessed portion 83d is formed forms the sleeve portion 83s serving as a sleeve where the spool valve body 52 is disposed to be movable in the axial direction. The outer peripheral surface 52a of the spool valve body 52 and the inner peripheral surface of the recessed portion 83d of the stationary core 83 are slightly separated from each other in the radial direction, so that a small gap is formed therebetween. Accordingly, the spool valve body 52 can be smoothly moved in the axial direction.
Further, the spool valve body 52 is connected to the first valve body 53 through the coil spring 53b in a state where the spool valve body 52 is biased to the right side in the axial direction by the coil spring 53b inserted into the right end portion of the first valve body 53 in the axial direction. Since the control pressure Pc in the third valve chamber 40 and the suction pressure Ps of the first communication passage 56 are controlled by the capacity control valve V during continuous drive, the pressure sensitive body 60 is in a state where the pressure sensitive body 60 can contract. Accordingly, the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 52 can be integrally moved to the left side in the axial direction by the driving force of the solenoid 80 to close the first valve 57 (see
Further, an annular groove portion 52b, which is recessed radially inward over the circumferential direction, is formed substantially in the middle of the outer peripheral surface 52a of the spool valve body 52 in the axial direction. Furthermore, an annular flange portion 52c, which extends radially outward, is formed at the left end of the outer peripheral surface 52a in the axial direction, and an annular stepped portion 52d is formed at the left end portion of the spool valve body 52 in the axial direction by the right end face of the flange portion 52c in the axial direction and the outer peripheral surface 52a that is orthogonal to this end face and extends to the right side in the axial direction.
The annular stepped portion 52d of the spool valve body 52 is biased to the right side in the axial direction by the coil spring 53b in a state where the right end face of the flange portion 52c in the axial direction is engaged with the left end face of an annular protrusion 54b, which extends radially inward from the right end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the second valve body 54 in the axial direction, in the axial direction from the inner diameter side in the radial direction. A plurality of through-holes 54c extending in the axial direction are formed in the annular protrusion 54b of the second valve body 54, so that the first communication passage 56 formed in the first valve body 53 and the communication passage 13b functioning as a suction-side passage always communicate with each other through the through-holes 54c.
Further, since the outer peripheral surface 52a of the spool valve body 52 is formed so that the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 52a closer to the left side than the annular groove portion 52b in the axial direction is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a portion thereof closer to the right side than the annular groove portion 52b in the axial direction, the outer peripheral surface 52a closer to the left side than the annular groove portion 52b of the spool valve body 52 in the axial direction and the inner peripheral surface of the recessed portion 83d of the stationary core 83 are separated from each other in the radial direction. Accordingly, an annular spool-adjustment flow channel 92 through which fluid can pass is formed. The opening of the spool-adjustment flow channel 92 is adjusted by the spool valve 50. In detail, the opening of the spool-adjustment flow channel 92 can be adjusted by a change in the position of the spool valve body 52 relative to the stationary core 83 of the spool valve 50 in the axial direction. As illustrated in
Next, an aspect of a state where a state where current is not applied to the capacity control valve V is continued will be described in detail. As illustrated in
Since the communication passages 12a, 12b, and 14a serving as a discharge-side passage are opened by the capacity control valve V in this way in a state where current is not applied to the capacity control valve V, fluid present in the discharge chamber 2 of the variable-capacity compressor M flows into the control chamber 4 from the discharge chamber 2 through the capacity control valve V. The reason for this is that discharge pressure Pd is higher than the control pressure Pc.
Since the fluid of the discharge pressure Pd flows into the control chamber 4, the control pressure Pc is higher than control pressure Pc, which is obtained before a state where current is not applied, and is higher than the suction pressure Ps. This is represented by a relational expression of “Ps<Pc≤Pd”. For this reason, the fluid present in the control chamber 4 flows into the suction chamber 3 through the communication passage 9 and the stationary orifice 9a. The inflow of the fluid is performed until the discharge pressure Pd, the suction pressure Ps, and the control pressure Pc are balanced. For this reason, in a case where the capacity control valve V is left for a long time in a state where current is not applied, the discharge pressure Pd, the suction pressure Ps, and the control pressure Pc are balanced and become uniform pressure (Ps=Pc=Pd) and the suction pressure Ps and the control pressure Pc become much higher than pressure obtained during continuous drive. Since the suction pressure Ps becomes much higher than pressure obtained during continuous drive in this way, the pressure sensitive body 60 contracts and the relief valve 59 is opened.
Since the amount of the fluid to be discharged from the variable-capacity compressor M cannot be appropriately controlled under the control pressure Pc that is much higher than pressure obtained during continuous drive, it is necessary to discharge fluid from the inside of the control chamber 4 to reduce the control pressure Pc.
Next, an aspect until fluid is discharged from the control chamber 4 at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor M will be described in detail with reference to
In a case where the variable-capacity compressor M is started up in a state where the discharge pressure Pd, the suction pressure Ps, and the control pressure Pc are uniform pressure, the control pressure Pc at this time is much higher than control pressure Pc obtained during continuous drive. Accordingly, since the swash plate 8b is substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 8a, the strokes of the pistons 8c are minimum. Further, the variable-capacity compressor M starts to apply current to the capacity control valve V in response to its own startup.
The capacity control valve V is excited and generates a magnetic force in a case where current is applied to the coil 87 of the solenoid 80 from a state which is illustrated in
Accordingly, as illustrated in
Further, in a case where the second valve 58 is opened between the communication passages 13a and 13b serving as a suction-side passage in the capacity control valve V, two flow channels, that is, a flow channel (illustrated in
As illustrated in
After that, the variable-capacity compressor M is controlled to increase current to be applied to the capacity control valve V after the first valve 57 is closed. Since current to be applied to the coil 87 of the solenoid 80 is increased from a state which is illustrated in
Therefore, in the capacity control valve V, as illustrated in
According to this, the capacity control valve V can discharge fluid from the inside of the control chamber 4 in a short time by two parallel flow channels, that is, a flow channel (illustrated in
Next, due to a reduction in the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4, the surrounding pressure around the pressure sensitive body 60 is reduced and the suction pressure Ps in the suction chambers 3 is reduced. Accordingly, the pressure sensitive body 60 expands, the right end 70a of the adapter 70 in the axial direction is seated on the valve seat 55a of the third valve body 55, and the relief valve 59 is closed (see
Further, even though the pressure sensitive body 60 expands and the relief valve 59 is closed since the magnitude of current to be applied to the capacity control valve V is maintained, the closing of the first valve 57 can be maintained by the driving force of the solenoid 80 and the opening of the spool valve 50 can be maintained by the contraction of the coil spring 53b provided between the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 52.
According to this, even though the pressure sensitive body 60 expands due to a reduction in the suction pressure Ps in the first communication passage 56 at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor M, the relief valve 59 is closed, and the first communication passage 56 forming a suction-side passage allowing the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3 to communicate with each other is closed, the capacity control valve V of this embodiment controls current to be applied to the capacity control valve V, causes the first valve portion 53a of the first valve body 53 to be seated on the valve seat 12c formed on the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing 10 by the driving force of the solenoid 80 to cause the first valve 57 to be closed, and then causes the coil spring 53b provided between the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 52 to contract to further move the spool valve body 52 to the left side in the axial direction, to open the spool valve 50, and to increase the opening of the second communication passage 90 (spool-adjustment flow channel 92). Accordingly, since the capacity control valve V can discharge high-pressure fluid, which is present in the control chamber 4 of the variable-capacity compressor M, to the suction chamber 3 through the second communication passage 90, the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 can be quickly reduced. In a case where the control pressure Pc in the third valve chamber 40 and the suction pressure Ps in the first communication passage 56 are reduced to a pressure close to pressure obtained during continuous drive, the pressure sensitive body 60 expands, the right end 70a of the adapter 70 in the axial direction is seated on the valve seat 55a of the third valve body 55, and the relief valve 59 is closed.
Further, since the driving force of the solenoid 80 is adjusted not to exceed the biasing force of the coil spring 53b during the continuous drive of the variable-capacity compressor M, the opening area of the second communication passage 90 determined by the opening of the spool-adjustment flow channel 92 in the spool valve 50 can be maintained at the minimum opening area S1. Accordingly, the amount of fluid flowing into the communication passages 13a and 13b, which serve as a suction-side passage, from the second communication passage 90 can be suppressed to be very small, so that pressure can be easily controlled by the capacity control valve V.
Furthermore, since the spool valve 50 includes the spool valve body 52 that can be moved relative to the stationary core 83 in the axial direction, the opening of the second communication passage 90 (spool-adjustment flow channel 92) can be accurately controlled by the driving force of the solenoid 80 and the flow rate of fluid in the second communication passage 90 can be variably controlled after the first valve 57 is closed. In addition, since the opening of the second communication passage 90 (i.e., the spool-adjustment flow channel 92) can be controlled by the spool valve 50 so that it is difficult for foreign matters contained in fluid to be bitten, the deterioration of resistance to foreign matters caused by the installation of the valve can be prevented.
Further, in a case where the right end 70a of the adapter 70 of the pressure sensitive body 60 in the axial direction is separated from the valve seat 55a of the third valve body 55 and the relief valve 59 is opened, fluid can be discharged to the suction chamber 3 from the control chamber 4 through the first communication passage 56 that are hollow holes formed in the first valve body 53, the second valve body 54, and the third valve body 55 in the axial direction. Accordingly, the first communication passage 56 can ensure a large cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the capacity control valve V, so that the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 of the variable-capacity compressor M can be quickly reduced.
Further, since the first communication passage 56 and the second communication passage 90 are parallel flow channels, the first communication passage 56 and the second communication passage 90 do not interfere with each other and an energy loss hardly occurs. Accordingly, fluid is easily discharged from the control chamber 4 through the first communication passage 56 and the second communication passage 90, so that the control pressure Pc can be quickly reduced.
Furthermore, the annular stepped portion 52d of the spool valve body 52 is engaged with the annular protrusion 54b of the second valve body 54 from the inner diameter side in the radial direction. Accordingly, even though the first valve body 53 causes a malfunction due to the influence of, for example, contaminations and the like entering a gap between the guide surface 10c of the valve housing 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the first valve body 53, a force for moving the first valve body 53 to the right side in the axial direction can be applied to the first valve body 53 by the spool valve body 52 engaged in the radial direction by the switching of the capacity control valve V to a state where current is not applied from a state where current is applied. Therefore, the opening of the first valve 57 (i.e., the first valve portion 53a of the first valve body 53 and the valve seat 12c of the valve housing 10) using the first valve body 53 and the closing of the second valve 58 (i.e., the second valve portion 54a of the second valve body 54 and the opening end face 83g of the sleeve portion 83s of the stationary core 83) can be reliably performed.
Further, current to be applied to the capacity control valve V is controlled to be increased so that the spool valve body 52 is moved relative to the first valve body 53, which causes a malfunction, to the left side in the axial direction by the driving force of the solenoid 80, and the coil spring 53b provided between the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 52 is bent to increase a spring load. Accordingly, since a force for moving the first valve body 53 to the left side in the axial direction can be applied to the first valve body 53, the closing of the first valve 57 using the first valve body 53 and the opening of the second valve 58 using the spool valve body 52 can be reliably performed.
Further, since the stationary core 83 is used as a sleeve of the spool valve 50, a structure is simple.
Next, a solenoid valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
A capacity control valve V according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As illustrated in
Furthermore, the maximum separation distance L in the axial direction between the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 252 is set to be shorter than a distance (see FIGS. 5 and 6) where the spool valve body 252 is movable relative to the first valve body 53 in the axial direction.
According to this, even though the first valve body 53 causes a malfunction due to the influence of, for example, contaminations and the like entering a gap between the guide surface 10c of the valve housing 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the first valve body 53, current to be applied to the capacity control valve V can be controlled to be increased so that the protruding portion 252e of the spool valve body 252 relatively moved to the left side in the axial direction by the driving force of the solenoid 80 can come into contact with the right end of the first valve body 53 in the axial direction and can apply a force to the left side in the axial direction. Accordingly, the closing of the first valve 57 (the first valve portion 53a of the first valve body 53 and the valve seat 12c of the valve housing 10) using the first valve body 53 and the opening of the second valve 58 (the second valve portion 54a of the second valve body 54 and the opening end face 83g of the sleeve portion 83s of the stationary core 83) can be reliably performed.
Next, a solenoid valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
A capacity control valve V according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As illustrated in
An annular groove portion 353b, which is recessed radially inward over the circumferential direction, is formed at the right end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the first valve body 353 in the axial direction, and a flange portion 353c is formed on the right side of the annular groove portion 353b in the axial direction by the radially inward recess of the annular groove portion 353b.
A spool valve body 352 is formed separately from the first valve body 353, a flange portion 352c extending radially outward is formed at the left end portion of the spool valve body 352 in the axial direction, and a second valve portion 352f to be seated on an opening end face 83g of a sleeve portion 83s of a stationary core 83 of a second valve 358 is formed on the right end face of the flange portion 352c in the axial direction. A plurality of through-holes 352g extending in the axial direction are formed in the flange portion 352c, and a first communication passage 56, which is formed in the first valve body 353, and a second valve chamber 30 can communicate with each other through the through-holes 352g.
Further, a cylindrical protruding portion 352e, which extends to the left side in the axial direction, is formed at the left end portion of the flange portion 352c in the axial direction so as to be fitted around the right end portion of the first valve body 353 in the axial direction. An annular groove portion 353h, which is recessed radially outward over the circumferential direction, is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the protruding portion 352e, and a flange portion 353k is formed on the left side of the annular groove portion 353h in the axial direction.
The protruding portion 352e of the spool valve body 352 is fitted around the right end portion of the first valve body 353 in the axial direction and the flange portion 353c of the first valve body 353 and the flange portion 352k of the spool valve body 352 are engaged with each other in the radial direction, so that the first valve body 353 and the spool valve body 352 are connected to each other.
According to this, even though the first valve body 353 causes a malfunction due to the influence of, for example, contaminations and the like entering a gap between the guide surface 10c of the valve housing 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the first valve body 353, a force for moving the first valve body 353 to the right side in the axial direction can be applied to the first valve body 353 by the flange portion 352k of the spool valve body 352, which is engaged with the flange portion 353c of the first valve body 353 in the radial direction, by the switching of the capacity control valve V to a state where current is not applied from a state where current is applied. Accordingly, the opening of the first valve 357 (the first valve portion 353a of the first valve body 353 and the valve seat 12c of the valve housing 10) using the first valve body 353 and the closing of the second valve 358 (i.e., the second valve portion 352f of the spool valve body 352 and the opening end face 83g of the sleeve portion 83s of the stationary core 83) using the spool valve body 352 can be reliably performed.
Further, a distance where the spool valve body 352 is movable relative to the first valve body 353 in the axial direction can be adjusted by the adjustment of a range where the annular groove portion 353b of the first valve body 353 or the annular groove portion 352h of the spool valve body 352 is formed in the axial direction. Accordingly, current to be applied to the capacity control valve V can be controlled to be increased so that the flange portion 352k of the spool valve body 352 relatively moved to the left side in the axial direction by the driving force of the solenoid 80 can come into contact with the left end portion of the annular groove portion 353b of the first valve body 353 in the axial direction and can apply a force to the left side in the axial direction. Therefore, the closing of the first valve 357 using the first valve body 353 and the opening of the second valve 358 using the spool valve body 352 can be reliably performed. On the other hand, the right end portion of the annular groove portion 352h of the spool valve body 352, which is relatively moved to the left side in the axial direction, in the axial direction may come into contact with the right end of the first valve body 353 in the axial direction and may apply a force to the left side in the axial direction.
Next, a solenoid valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
A capacity control valve V according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As illustrated in
A pressure sensitive body 460 mainly includes a bellows core 61 in which a coil spring 62 is built and an adapter 470 that is formed at the right end portion of the bellows core 61 in the axial direction. An auxiliary communication passage 470b, which penetrates the adapter 470 in the radial direction and allows the inside of the third valve chamber 40 and the first communication passage 56 to communicate with each other, is formed in the adapter 470.
According to this, the capacity control valve V can discharge fluid from the inside of the control chamber 4 in a short time by two flow channels, that is, a flow channel communicating with the first communication passage 56 in a case where a relief valve 459 is opened and a flow channel communicating with a second communication passage 490 of which the opening area is increased in a case where the spool valve 50 is opened. Accordingly, the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 can be quickly reduced at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor M.
Further, even though the pressure sensitive body 460 expands due to a reduction in the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 at the time of the startup of the variable-capacity compressor M, the relief valve 459 is closed, and the first communication passage 56 forming a suction-side passage allowing the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3 to communicate with each other is closed, the capacity control valve V can cause high-pressure fluid present in the control chamber 4 to flow into the first communication passage 56 from the auxiliary communication passage 470b formed in the adapter 470, controls current to be applied to the capacity control valve V, causes the first valve portion 53a of the first valve body 53 to be seated on the valve seat 12c formed on the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing 10 by the driving force of the solenoid 80 to cause the first valve 57 to be closed, and then causes the coil spring 53b provided between the first valve body 53 and the spool valve body 452 to contract to further move the spool valve body 452 to the left side in the axial direction and to increase the opening of the second communication passage 490 (spool-adjustment flow channel 92). Accordingly, since the capacity control valve V can discharge high-pressure fluid, which is present in the control chamber 4 of the variable-capacity compressor M, to the suction chamber 3 through the second communication passage 490, the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4 can be quickly reduced.
Next, a solenoid valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
A capacity control valve V according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As illustrated in
A relief valve 559 includes a valve seat 555a that is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the left end portion of a third valve body 555 in the axial direction, and an inner peripheral surface 570a of an adapter 570 of a pressure sensitive body 560. Slits 570b serving as a plurality of orifice portions, which are recessed toward the outer diameter side and extend in the axial direction, are formed on the inner peripheral surface 570a of the adapter 570, and the third valve chamber 40 and the first communication passage 56 always communicate with each other through the slits 570b. The amount of fluid passing through the slits 570b is very small, and does not affect the control of pressure performed by the capacity control valve V. In addition, the inner peripheral surface 570a of the adapter 570 may be formed in a shape with no slit, and a plurality of slits, which are recessed toward the inner diameter side and extend in the axial direction, may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the left end portion of the third valve body 555 in the axial direction.
Further, the relief valve 559 is adapted so that the valve seat 555a of the third valve body 555 is not released from the inside of the inner peripheral surface 570a of the adapter 570 even though the relative positions of the third valve body 555 and the adapter 570 in the axial direction are changed due to the movement of the third valve body 555 and the expansion and contraction of the pressure sensitive body 560 in a state where suction pressure Ps is low at the time of the control of the capacity control valve V. That is, the opening area of the relief valve 559 is determined by the slits 570b, and is maintained constant during continuous drive. In a state where the suction pressure Ps is much higher than pressure obtained during continuous drive, the valve seat 555a of the third valve body 555 is released from the inside of the inner peripheral surface 570a of the adapter 570 and the relief valve 559 is opened.
Further, the opening area of the second valve 558 (slits 554d) is always larger than the sum of the opening areas of the relief valve 559 (i.e., slits 570b) and the second communication passage 90 (i.e., spool-adjustment flow channel 92).
According to this, in a case where the second valve 558 and the relief valve 559 are closed in a state where current is not applied to the capacity control valve V, fluid present in the control chamber 4 flows into the suction chamber 3 from the slits 570b of the adapter 570 through the first communication passage 56 and the slits 554d of the second valve portion 554a. Accordingly, the pressure of the suction chamber 3 and the pressure of the control chamber 4 can be balanced and adjusted. The fluid present in the control chamber 4 can be caused to flow into the suction chamber 3 from the second communication passage 90 through the spool valve 50 and the slits 554d of the second valve portion 554a without flowing through the slits 570b of the adapter 570.
Further, there are the followings as the modifications of the orifice portion of the relief valve. As illustrated in
In addition, as illustrated in
Moreover, as illustrated in
According to this, in a case where the second valve 558 and the relief valves 659, 759, and 859 of the first to third modifications are closed in a state where current is not applied to the capacity control valve V, fluid present in the control chamber 4 flows into the suction chambers 3 from the small gap 670b formed between the valve seat 655a of the third valve body 655 and the inner peripheral surface 670a of the adapter 670, the through-hole 770b of the adapter 770, and the through-hole 855b of the third valve body 855 through the first communication passage 56 and the slits 554d of the second valve portion 554a. Accordingly, the pressure of the suction chamber 3 and the pressure of the control chamber 4 can be balanced and adjusted.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, but specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments. Even though modifications or additions are provided without departing from the scope of the present invention, the modifications or additions are included in the present invention.
Further, aspects where the third valve chamber 40 includes the relief valve, the pressure sensitive body, and the like have been described in the first to third embodiments and the fifth embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The pressure sensitive body and the like may be omitted and a pressure chamber including only one end of the second communication passage 90 for causing fluid to flow into the second valve chamber 30 may be provided. In this case, the first communication passage may not be formed in the first valve body.
Further, the second valve may not be provided in the first to fourth embodiments. The second valve body may function as only a support member to be subjected to a load in the axial direction as in the fifth embodiment, and does not necessarily need to have a sealing function.
Furthermore, the second valve chamber 30 may be provided on a side opposite to the solenoid 80 in the axial direction, and the third valve chamber 40 may be provided on a side facing the solenoid 80.
Moreover, an aspect where a part of the second communication passage 90 is formed at the end portion of the stationary core 83 closing one end of the valve housing 10 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The second communication passage 90 may be formed in only the valve housing 10. For example, an aspect where an axial hole and a radial hole communicating with the axial hole may be formed in the valve housing 10 may be provided. Further, the second communication passage 90 may be formed in a member separate from the valve housing 10 and the stationary core 83.
Furthermore, a plurality of through-holes 90a of the second communication passage 90 may be formed as long as the structural strength of the valve housing 10 is allowed.
Further, an aspect where only one communication passage 12a and only one communication passage 13a are formed on the same side of the valve housing 10 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. A plurality of communication passages may be formed in the circumferential direction as long as the structural strength of the valve housing 10 is allowed.
An aspect where the discharge pressure Pd, the suction pressure Ps, and the control pressure Pc become uniform pressure in a case where the variable-capacity compressor M is left for a long time has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. An aspect where only the suction pressure Ps is always slightly low may be provided.
Furthermore, the pressure sensitive body may be a pressure sensitive body that does not use a coil spring in a bellows core.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017-248434 | Dec 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/047177 | 12/21/2018 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019/131482 | 7/4/2019 | WO | A |
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| Chinese Official Action issued in corresponding Chinese Patent Application No. 201880081056.0, dated Aug. 26, 2021, 8 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion issued in PCT/JP2018/047177, dated Mar. 26, 2020 with English translation, 17 pages. |
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| Supplemental European Search Report issued in corresponding European Patent Application No. 18895992.8, dated Jun. 15, 2021, 8 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200325881 A1 | Oct 2020 | US |
