Patent Application
20220135316
The present invention refers to the field of capsules for preparing beverages and produced in a composite material comprising a non-synthetic substance, in general, and that besides present a reinforced structural configuration, in particular.
The prior art includes several documents related with capsules for preparing beverages by means of mixture of an edible substance inside thereof with a pressurized flow, and disclosing solutions for reinforcing the structural capacity of said capsules, in particular in case the capsule is produced in a synthetic material including bio-polymers or other substances with viability of composting by natural means, as substitutes of the usual synthetic materials of fossil origin. In particular, in certain capsules, the base wall of a container part is the flow exit surface and the one submitted to a greater hydraulic pressure and, therefore, structural solicitation.
The document EP 1807318 B1 discloses a capsule of the type of the present invention comprising a container part that presents ribs on the sidewall and ribs on the base wall. The ribs on the sidewall seem to have an increasing thickness towards the perimeter of the sidewall.
The document EP 1961676 B1 discloses a capsule whereby the base wall presents a wall portion of bigger wall thickness than a central region, relative to the remaining base wall, whereby this wall portion extends on the downstream-oriented side, such as a plurality of ribs.
The document EP 2408691 B1 discloses a capsule whereby the container part is made of a bio-degradable polymer and whereby the base wall presents a plurality of elements in a radial disposition and a plurality of flow passageways in the cavity spaces conformed between said radial elements, whereby said passageways are not aligned with said radial elements.
The document WO 2015/145361 A1 discloses a capsule whereby the base wall presents a portion of convex surface provided on the downstream-oriented surface and that extends with a thickness that decreases towards the edge of its convexity.
The prior art further includes several documents relating to composite substances presenting a composition that includes synthetic polymers, notably in a thermoplastic matrix, and bio-polymers.
The document EP 22218653 A1 discloses a biologically decomposable capsule that includes a shell, a layer of fibre and a closure membrane that are in each case constituted by a biologically decomposable material.
The document WO 03/000810 A1 discloses an improved composition of impregnation and coating based upon emulsions of polymers and latex of vegetal origin such as shell and other ashes, including ash of coffee shell.
The document WO 2012/077066 A1 discloses a capsule for preparing a liquid product comprising a base wall that presents a structure in layers with at least one layer made of a first compostable material and at least a layer made of a second compostable material that does not endure a noticeable softening and/or melting at a temperature of 70° C.-120° C. In particular, said first compostable material is selected from the group that includes polymers derived from biomasses, synthetic polymers, polymers produced by microorganisms or genetically modified bacteria, polymers of fossil monomers, and mixtures of said polymers with or without additives. Said second compostable material is selected from paper, such as cellulose paper and, preferentially 100% of cellulose paper, cardboard, cellophane paper and cellulose acetate, in particular, the layer of said first material is disposed internally in relation to the layer of said second material. The disclosed capsule can be integrally constituted by compostable material. This document describes definitions of “compostable” and of “bio-degradability”, both of which are in the scope of the present application.
The document US 2012/0097602 A1 discloses a capsule of similar type, whereby the filter component presents a mixture of 0 to 60% of cellulose fibres and of about 40 to 100 of compostable polyester fibres.
The document WO 2015/121489 A1 discloses a capsule of similar type that comprises a bio-degradable and compostable polymer material, or a mixture of said materials, and a percentage of filling agents, whereby the polymer materials include agro-polymers and bio-polyesters.
The document WO 2015/162632 A1 discloses a compound with a thermoplastic polymer and a filling means for producing food packages, in particular coffee capsule, and that also includes polysaccharides derived from agro-polymers. Said capsule presents a single layer and is made from a material comprising a bio-degradable and compostable polymer, with a percentage of filling means between 15% and 80% of at least one aliphatic polyester or aromatic-aliphatic containing from 15% to 90% of one or more filling means with a D50 granulometry.
The document FR 3035085 also discloses a capsule produced from a compound including agro-polymers from a particular list of possible origins of such agro-polymers.
The documents WO 2013/131117 A1 and WO 2018/050544 A1 also disclose capsules of the type of the present invention, with reinforcement means of sidewall and of part of the upstream wall.
The use of this type of materials comprising bio-polymers presents, however, two main constrains with relation to the usual synthetic materials of fossil origin: a substantial increase of the material cost per quantity unit thereof, and a reduction of structural resistance, that on its turn contributes to aggravate the cost of package.
None of the documents in the prior art discloses a composite substance presenting a structural configuration that provides an optimization of the structural resistance and, therefore, of the quantity of material used.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a capsule for preparation of beverages by means of injection of a pressurized flow at a flow pressure of at least 8 bar, and provided in a composite substance comprising bio-polymers, said capsule being configured so that presents better structural resistance, including in the sidewall and in the base wall of the container part.
This objective is solved according to the present invention by means of a capsule according to claim 1, whereby preferred embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.
An associated objective is to provide a flow exit disposition through the base wall of the container part that provides a better distribution of the hydraulic pressure and load losses at the beverage flow exit, thereby contributing to reduce the needs of structural reinforcement of the base wall.
Another associated objective is to provide a composite substance presenting a composition that includes synthetic polymers and bio-polymers, in particular using fibres of natural materials instead of biodegradable plastic materials, in particular at least comprising one bio-polymer of vegetable origin and adapted so that provides thermal, mechanical, fluid transport (permeability) and surface transport properties (wettability, friction coefficient), and other properties, advantageous in view of several uses and with reduction of costs.
In particular, at least the container part of the capsule is produced by means of injection moulding of a synthetic material comprising at least one bio-polymer associated with processing at least one of: sugarcane, cassava, corn and coffee grounds, in particular of coffee silverskin.
In particular, the capsule is produced in a material that comprises between 60 and 90% of a material associated with at least one of: sugarcane, cassava and corn, whereby the remaining composition includes the PLA polymer, or similar.
Said composite substance can include at least one of:
Said composite substance can include a polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PE-co-MA) as compatibility agent.
The invention shall be hereinafter explained in greater detail based upon preferred embodiments and the attached Figures.
The Figures show, in simplified schematic representations:
Capsules of the type of the present invention are used in machines for preparing beverages by means of injection of a pressurized flow at a flow pressure of at least 8 bar, sometimes of more than 15 bar, and basically comprise a container part (11) and a lid part (12) adapted so that can close the previous one (see
The capsule can present structural reinforcement means with the shape of ribs, adapted so as to structurally reinforce the side and base walls thereof. The base wall (111) can present base reinforcement ribs (131), and the sidewall (112) can present side reinforcement ribs (132).
As depicted in representative schematic view
In particular, it has been demonstrated as sufficient, at least for a given range of operation flow pressures, when said increase of wall thickness of the base wall (111) is only provided in the upstream-oriented face thereof, so that the downstream-oriented face retains a planar form devoid of cavities or projections at least in the central region thereof.
The base wall (111) can present, in general, a convex shape extending upstream, including with increase of the wall thickness towards the central region thereof (see
As the applicant was able to experimentally demonstrate, said configurations of the base wall (111) provide a substantial increase of structural resistance of the base wall (111), in particular in the central region thereof.
It is preferred when said increase of wall thickness of the base wall (111) unfolds at least on a central region thereof, for example on a central region that extends in a radial extension corresponding to 20 up to 50% of the free interior dimension of said base wall (111).
It is preferred when said increase of the wall thickness of the base wall (111) unfolds in at least approximately continuous manner.
The capsule (1) according to the present invention, as represented in
It is herewith advantageously provided a solution that avoids a generalized increase of wall thickness of said structural reinforcement means, notably by reinforcement means, for example of ribs type, with an uniform thickness along its extension, but rather there is provided a gradual increase of thickness of said reinforcement means, and thereby of structural reinforcement of said base wall (111) and sidewall (112) of the container part (11), at measure with the requirements of the pressurized flow inside the capsule (1) during the beverage preparation process.
As represented, said container part (11) can comprise lateral reinforcement ribs (131) provided as ribs that extend on the interior face of the sidewall (12) along the prevailing flow direction and that present an increase of wall thickness towards the base wall (111), whereby said increase of wall thickness extends in at least one of, preferentially both of, the circular and radial directions of said lateral reinforcement ribs (131), with relation to the central axis (X).
Moreover, said container part (11) can comprise base reinforcement ribs (132) that extend in a radial configuration on the base wall (111) of the container part (11), and that present an increase of wall thickness along the radial direction, preferentially continuous and gradual, in the direction of the central region of the base wall (111).
It is particularly preferred in a capsule (1) according to the present invention, when at least part of, preferentially all, of said first and second reinforcement ribs (131, 132) extend in aligned manner relative to each other, preferentially extend continuously between each other, so that provide an increase at least approximately continuous of the wall thickness of the container part (11) along the sidewall (12) and until the central region of the base wall (111).
As shall be readily understood by an expert in the field, the aforementioned described configuration of the structural reinforcement ribs, extending continuously along at least part of the sidewall (112) and base wall (111), and with a gradual and continuous increase of dimension in at least one, preferentially in both the radial and angular directions, in the direction of the central region of said base wall (111), provides an optimized structural reinforcement in view of the prevailing requirements during the process of extraction of a beverage under pressure.
According to another aspect of the present invention, schematically represented in
In particular, said base wall (111) can present a plurality of flow passage zones (113) provided with an elongated form, preferentially with a relation between length and width comprised between 2 and 10, particularly preferentially between 3 and 6, whereby part of said flow passage zones (1131) extends along an at least approximately radial direction radial, and at least part of the flow passage zones (1132) extends along a circular direction.
This particular configuration and disposition of the flow passage zones (113) advantageously provides a better distribution of the hydraulic pressure upstream upon the base wall (111), thereby contributing to improving the requirements thereof in terms of material quantity (i.e., wall thickness) and structural reinforcement, especially in the central region thereof.
It is preferred when said base wall (111) presents a plurality of flow passage zones (113) including first flow passage zones (1131) of radial orientation provided in a central region that presents a bigger wall thickness, and second flow passage zones (1132) of circular orientation provided on a peripheral region that presents smaller wall thickness, whereby said first and second flow passage zones (1131, 1132) presents characteristic dimensions, in particular length and width, at least approximately similar.
Moreover, said base wall (111) can present a plurality of first flow passage zones (1131) disposed along an at least approximately radial orientation provided on a central region of wall thickness bigger and/or increasing of said base wall (111).
Complementarily to the aforementioned aspect, said base wall (111) can present a plurality of second flow passage zones (1132) disposed along an at least approximately angular orientation angular provided on a peripheral region of wall thickness smaller and/or constant of said base wall (111).
In particular, said base wall (111) can comprise a plurality of regions adapted for flow passageway, whereby said regions for flow passageway (113) are provided as at least one of: openings and weakened material zones adapted so that break under the effect of the hydraulic pressure upstream thereof.
As referred, the capsule (1) according to the present invention is provided in a composite substance that comprises bio-polymers.
In particular, the capsule (1) can be produced by means of injection of said composite substance in moulds, at least of said container part (11), preferentially also of said lid part (12).
In particular, said composite substance can present a composition that includes natural fibres adapted so that provide dimensional and functional characteristics similar to those of said synthetic polymers, preferentially including natural fibres resulting from the processing of vegetable species, such as for example coffee, cinnamon, sugarcane, corn and cassava.
Moreover, it is particularly preferred when said natural fibres include at least one of, preferentially at least two of the list of natural fibres resulting from the processing of:
According to a particularly preferred aspect, the capsule (1) according to the present invention is provided in a composite substance that presents a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with natural fibres, including coffee silverskin fibre, and whereby the polymeric matrix that groups the silverskin fibre comprises polymers of natural origin, including derivate of cellulose and aliphatic polyesters.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 115300 | Feb 2019 | PT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/PT2020/050005 | 2/6/2020 | WO | 00 |
