INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
The disclosures of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/124,362, which was filed on Dec. 16, 2014, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/997,147, which was filed on May 22, 2014, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if presented herein in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure generally relates to cartons for holding beverage containers or other types of articles. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to cartons configured to receive articles in a nested arrangement.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
In general, one aspect of the disclosure is generally directed to a carton for containing a plurality of articles. The carton can comprise a plurality of panels that extends at least partially around an interior of the carton. The plurality of panels can comprise at least a bottom panel, a top panel, and a side panel. At least one end flap can comprise at least a bottom end flap foldably attached to the bottom panel at an end of the carton. The end can have an opening adjacent the bottom end flap. The plurality of articles can be for being disposed in the interior of the carton so that a void is formed in the interior between at least one article of the plurality of articles and at least a portion of the bottom end flap at the end.
In another aspect, the disclosure is generally directed to a blank for forming a carton for containing a plurality of articles. The blank can comprise a plurality of panels comprising at least a bottom panel, a top panel, and a side panel. At least one end flap can comprise at least a bottom end flap foldably attached to the bottom panel. The bottom end flap can be for at least partially forming an end of the carton formed from the blank. The end can be for having an opening adjacent the bottom end flap when the carton is formed from the blank. The plurality of articles can be disposed in the interior of the carton formed from the blank for forming a void in the interior between at least one article of the plurality of articles and at least a portion of the bottom end flap at the end when the carton is formed from the blank.
In another aspect, the disclosure is generally directed to a method of forming a carton for containing a plurality of articles. The method can comprise obtaining a blank comprising a plurality of panels and at least one end flap, the plurality of panels comprising at least a bottom panel, a top panel, and a side panel, and the at least one end flap comprising at least a bottom end flap foldably attached to the bottom panel. The method further can comprise forming an interior of the carton at least partially defined by the plurality of panels, disposing the plurality of articles at least partially in the interior of the carton, and positioning the at least one end flap to partially close an end of the carton. The end can have an opening adjacent the bottom end flap. The disposing the plurality of articles can comprise positioning at least one article of the plurality of articles so that a void is formed between the at least one article and the bottom end flap at the end of the carton after the positioning the at least one end flap.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate the above stated advantages and other advantages and benefits of various additional embodiments reading the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the below-listed drawing figures.
According to common practice, the various features of the drawings discussed below are not necessarily drawn to scale. Dimensions of various features and elements in the drawings may be expanded or reduced to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an exterior plan view of a blank used to form a carton according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the blank of FIG. 1 with an arrangement of containers schematically shown with respect to a bottom panel and a top panel according to the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of a package including the assembled carton holding containers according to the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the package of FIGS. 3 and 4 showing the actuation of upper handles.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the package of FIGS. 3 and 4 showing an actuated lower handle.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the package taken along the line 8-8 in FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is an exterior plan view of a blank used to form a carton (not shown) according to an alternative embodiment.
Corresponding parts are designated by corresponding reference numbers throughout the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT
The present disclosure generally relates to cartons that contain articles such as containers, bottles, cans, etc. The articles can be used for packaging food and beverage products, for example. The articles can be made from materials suitable in composition for packaging the particular food or beverage item, and the materials include, but are not limited to, aluminum and/or other metals; glass; plastics such as PET, LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE, PP, PS, PVC, EVOH, and Nylon; and the like, or any combination thereof.
Cartons according to the present disclosure can accommodate articles of any shape. For the purpose of illustration and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the disclosure, the following detailed description describes beverage containers (e.g., aluminum cans or glass beverage bottles) as disposed within the carton embodiments. In this specification, the terms “inner,” “outer,” “lower,” “bottom,” “upper,” and “top” indicate orientations determined in relation to fully erected and upright cartons.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the exterior side 1 of a blank, generally indicated at 3, used to form a carton 5 (FIGS. 3-8) according to one exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The carton 5 can be used to house a plurality of articles such as containers in the form of beverage cans C to form a package 7 (FIGS. 3-8). In one embodiment, the carton 5 is sized and configured to contain fourteen cans C in a single layer in a “nested” (e.g., an “internal” or “inverted” nested) arrangement having two outer rows R1 of four cans per row and two inner rows R2 of three cans per row as shown schematically with respect to the top and bottom panels of the blank 3 in FIG. 2. Various other container arrangements (e.g., fully nested arrangements, internal nested arrangements, and other arrangements) could be used with the illustrated embodiment, or other illustrated and non-illustrated embodiments of the disclosure. Alternatively the carton 5 could be modified so that the containers C are bottles without departing from the disclosure. In general, the internal nesting arrangements can have one or more interior rows R2 of containers C that are generally shorter than the outer rows R1 of containers. For example, the outer row(s) R1 could have one more container each than the inner row(s) R2 respectively nested with the outer row(s). Exemplary variations could include outer row(s) R1 having five containers and inner row(s) R2 having six containers, outer row(s) R1 having three containers and inner row(s) R2 having two containers, etc. In alternative embodiments, the carton can be sized accordingly to accommodate the arrangement of the containers C whether the containers are cans or bottles. Other suitable nested or non-nested arrangements of the containers C including bottles or cans could be provided without departing from the disclosure. The carton 5 can include features for facilitating conservation of board material when housing the containers C in a nested arrangement.
The blank 3 has a longitudinal axis L 1 and a lateral axis L2. In the illustrated embodiment, the blank 3 comprises a bottom panel 10 foldably connected to a first side panel 20 at a first lateral fold line 21, a top panel 30 foldably connected to the first side panel 20 at a second lateral fold line 31, a second side panel 40 foldably connected to the top panel 30 at a third lateral fold line 41, and an attachment flap 50 foldably connected to the bottom panel 10 at a fourth lateral fold line 51. As shown in FIG. 1, each of the side panels 20, 40 can include a respective corner panel 24, 44 adjacent the top panel 30. Each of the corner panels 24, 44 can be at least partially defined by respective lateral fold lines 25, 45, the respective lateral fold lines 31, 41, and respective free edges of the respective side panels 20, 40. In one embodiment, the corner panels 24, 44 can help the side panels 20, 40 at least partially conform to the shape of the containers C in the carton 5. Any of the top and bottom panels 30, 10, the side panels 20, 40, and the corner panels 24, 44 could be omitted or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure. For example, the attachment flap 50 could be foldably connected to the second side panel 40. Additionally, the blank 3 alternatively could include two top panels cooperating to form a top of the carton 5 or two bottom panels cooperating to form a bottom of the carton without departing from the disclosure. Further, the side panels 20, 40 could include bottom corner panels in addition or alternatively to the corner panels 24, 44.
The bottom panel 10 is foldably connected to a bottom end flap 12, the first side panel 20 is foldably connected to a first side end flap 22, and the second side panel 40 is foldably connected to a second side end flap 42. In one embodiment, the bottom end flap 12 and the side end flaps 22, 42 extend along a marginal area of the blank 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom end flap 12 is foldably connected to the bottom panel 10 at a longitudinal fold line 62, the first side end flap 22 is foldably connected to the first side panel 20 at an oblique fold line 63, and the second side end flap 42 is foldably connected to the second side panel 40 at an oblique fold line 64.
As shown in FIG. 1, each of the side end flaps 22, 42 includes a secondary fold line 65 that extends from a free edge of the respective side end flap 22, 42. In the illustrated embodiment, the secondary fold line 65 of the side end flap 22 extends in the longitudinal direction L1 toward an intersection with the oblique fold line 63 and the lateral fold line 21 to generally form a wedge between the oblique fold line 63 and the secondary fold line 65. Similarly, the fold line 65 in the side end flap 42 extends in the longitudinal direction L1 toward an intersection with the oblique fold line 64 and a free edge of the side panel 40 to generally form a wedge between the oblique fold line 64 and the secondary fold line 65. As shown in FIG. 1, the secondary fold lines 65 stop short of intersecting the fold lines 63, 64 so that the secondary fold lines 65 are spaced from the respective oblique fold lines 63, 64. In one embodiment, the secondary fold lines 65 can help the side end flaps 22, 42 conform to the shape of the containers C at the corners of the carton 5 (FIGS. 3-5). The end flaps 12, 22, 42 and the fold lines 62, 63, 64, 65 could be otherwise shaped, arranged, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure.
In the illustrated embodiment, the blank 3 is generally a mirror-image about its longitudinal centerline CL such that the end flaps 12, 22, 42 that extend along one marginal area of the blank have similar or identical features at the second marginal area of the blank that are mirror images of the features at the first marginal area of the blank. The end flaps 12, 22, 42 at the first marginal area of the blank are configured to at least partially close a first end 71 (FIGS. 3 and 4) of the carton 5 and the end flaps 12, 22, 42 at the second marginal area of the blank are configured to at least partially close a second end 73 of the carton (FIGS. 3 and 5). One or more of the bottom end flap 12 and/or the side end flaps 22, 42, could be omitted or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, configured, and/or positioned without departing from the disclosure. Additionally, one or both of the ends 71, 73 of the carton could be otherwise shaped, arranged, configured, and/or positioned without departing from the disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 1, the blank 3 can include features for forming a dispenser 80 in the carton 5 including a dispenser panel 81 at least partially separable from the second side panel 40 and the top panel 30 by a tear line 83. In one embodiment, an access feature 84 is in the second side panel 40 for helping to initiate tearing of the tear line 83 to actuate the dispenser 80. As shown in FIG. 1, the dispenser panel 81 can be foldably connected to the top panel 30 at a lateral fold line 85 extending between respective ends of the tear line 83. In alternative embodiments, the lateral fold line 85 is a tear line that allows complete separation and removal of the dispenser panel 81 from the carton 5. The dispenser panel 81, tear line 83, access feature 84, and/or fold line 85 could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure. Further, the dispenser 80 and one or more of the features forming the dispenser could be omitted without departing from the disclosure.
In one embodiment, the blank 3 has features for forming a handle 87 in the first side panel 20 of the carton 5. The features in the first side panel 20 can include a handle flap 88 foldably connected to the first side panel 20 at a longitudinal fold line 89. The handle flap 88 can include a longitudinal fold line 91 in the centerline of the flap and can be separable from the side 20 at a cut or tear line 93. In one embodiment, the handle 87 includes two tear lines 94, 95 extending from respective ends of the handle flap 88 and into a respective bottom panel 10 or top panel 30. The handle 87 includes lines of weakening 97 (e.g. creases, fold lines, cut lines, etc.) in one or more of the first side panel 20, bottom panel 10, and top panel 30. The handle 85 could be omitted or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 1, the blank 3 has features for forming a knee lock or lower handle 105 in each end 71, 73 of the carton 5 (FIGS. 7 and 8). As shown in FIG. 1, the handle features include a first handle panel 107 foldably connected to the bottom panel 10 at a longitudinal fold line 108, and a second handle panel 109 in the bottom end flap 12 foldably connected to the first handle panel 107 by a portion of the longitudinal fold line 62 extending between the handle panels 107, 109 and foldably connected to the bottom end flap 12 at a longitudinal fold line 110. In one embodiment, the handle features include a plurality of lateral fold lines 111 extending across the handle panels 107, 109 between the longitudinal fold lines 108, 110. The handle features include two lateral cuts or tear lines 113, 115 (broadly, “lines of weakening”) at respective ends of the handle panels 107, 109 that extend from respective ends of the longitudinal fold line 108 in the bottom panel 10 to respective ends of the longitudinal fold line 110 in the bottom end flap 12. In one embodiment, the tear lines 113, 115 can have hook-shaped ends that can act as tear stops to help prevent undesired tearing of the bottom panel 10 and/or the bottom end flap 12. The features for forming the handle 105 in each end 71, 73 could be omitted or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure.
In the illustrated embodiment, the blank 3 includes features for forming an upper handle 125 in each end 71, 73 of the carton. As shown in FIG. 1, the handle features include a handle flap 127 foldably connected to the top panel 20 at a curved fold line 129. In one embodiment, the top panel 30 has two curved edges 131, 133 extending from respective ends of the curved fold line 129 at each end of the top panel 30. As shown in FIG. 1, with respect to the respective ends 71, 73 of the carton 5, the curved edges 131, 133 are convex curves and the curved fold line 129 is concave. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the handle flaps 127 can have a width (e.g., extending in the lateral direction L2 from the curved fold line 129 to a free edge of the handle flap), wherein the width of the handle flaps 127 extends outwardly from the top panel 30 less than or about the same as the convex curved edges 131, 133. Accordingly, the handle flaps 127 do not extend outwardly from the top panel 30 beyond the edges 131, 133 in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis CL of the blank 3 in one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the handle flap 127 includes a plurality of oblique fold lines 135 and the top panel 30 includes a lateral fold line 137 extending between the two curved fold lines 129 at respective ends of the top panel. The handle flap 127 and/or the other features for forming the upper handle 125 could be omitted or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure.
In the illustrated embodiment, the carton 5 can be erected by folding the panels 10, 20, 30, 40 along the lateral fold lines 21, 31, 41, 51 and gluing the attachment flap 50 to the second side panel 40 to form an open-ended sleeve (not shown). In one exemplary embodiment, the bottom panel 10 is folded along the lateral fold line 21 over the first side panel 20 and the top panel 30, and then the second side panel 40 is folded along the lateral fold line 41 over the top panel 30. As the second side panel 40 is folded, it can overlap the attachment flap 50 and can be glued to the attachment flap (e.g., by a glue strip 139 as shown in FIG. 1). Subsequently, the panels 10, 20, 30, 40 can be folded along the lateral fold lines 21, 31, 41, 51 to form the open-ended sleeve (not shown), and the containers C can be loaded into the sleeve before or after closing either of the ends 71, 73. The containers C can be arranged in the nested arrangement with the two outer rows R1 and the two inner rows R2 before, after, or during loading of the containers C into the sleeve. In another embodiment, the containers C can be loaded onto the bottom panel 10 and the other panels 20, 30, 40 can be formed or wrapped around the containers to form the open-ended sleeve. Alternatively, the containers can be loaded onto the top panel 30 prior to forming the open-ended sleeve without departing from the disclosure.
One or both of the ends 71, 73 can be at least partially closed by folding the end flaps 12, 22, 42 along the fold lines 62, 63, 64, 65. As shown in FIG. 4, the ends 71, 73 are formed by folding the side end flaps 22 along the fold lines 63, 65 and folding the side end flaps 42 along the fold lines 64, 65 to at least partially conform around the containers C at the respective ends of the respective outer rows R1 and upwardly folding the bottom end flap 12 to overlap the side end flaps 22, 42 at each end. In one embodiment, the bottom end flap 12 can be glued to the side end flaps 22, 42 in multiple locations (e.g., by glue strips 141 on the side end flaps 22, 42 as shown in FIG. 1). Each end 71, 73 includes an opening 151 above the bottom end flap 12 and below the top panel 30 (e.g., the opening 151 can extend between the bottom end flap 12 and the top panel 30). In the illustrated embodiment, the opening 151 can be at least partially defined by portions of respective free edges of the bottom end flap 12, the side end flaps 22, 42, the corner panels 24, 44, the top panel 30, and the handle flap 127 at each end 71, 73. Alternatively, the handle flap 127 could be folded with respect to the top panel 30, and the opening can be at least partially defined by the fold line 129 instead of the free edge of the handle flap 127. The ends 71, 73 could be otherwise formed and/or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured without departing from the disclosure.
In the illustrated embodiment, the containers C are arranged in an internal nested arrangement prior to, during, or after loading of the containers. Since each of the inner rows R2 include one fewer container C than each of the outer rows R1 and each of the inner rows R2 is nested with the respective outer rows R1, the inner rows R2 are spaced apart from each of the ends 71, 73 (and each of the fold lines 62) by a distance D1 (FIGS. 2 and 8), for example. Accordingly, there is a void 153 between the inner rows R2 and each of the closed ends 71, 73 (e.g., the containers C at the ends of the inner rows R2 are spaced from the bottom end flap 12). The voids 153 can provide a space for a user to reach into the interior of the carton 5 at the handles 105, 125 between the ends 71, 73 and the containers C. The containers B could be otherwise loaded into the carton 5 without departing from the disclosure.
In the illustrated embodiment, the upper handle 125 can be formed at either or both ends 71, 73 of the carton 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the upper handle 125 can be actuated by folding the upper handle flap 127 at the curved fold line 129 so that the handle flap is folded inwardly approximately 180 degrees from the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 so that the upper handle flap 127 is face-to-face contact with the interior surface of the top panel 30. Alternatively, the upper handle flap 127 can be folded less than 180 degrees and still be used for grasping the carton 5. In an alternative embodiment, the upper handle flap 127 could be folded during formation of the carton 5 (e.g., prior to forming the open-ended sleeve—not shown, after forming the sleeve and before loading the containers C, etc.). In one embodiment, the upper handle 125 provides reinforcement to the top panel 30 when the carton 5 is grasped and carried at the upper handle (FIGS. 6). In addition, the curved fold line 129 and the upper handle flap 127 can provide a more comfortable grip at the upper handle 125 relative to grasping an edge of the top panel 30. The upper handle 125 could be otherwise formed or could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured, or could be omitted, without departing from the disclosure.
In one embodiment, the bottom handle 105 can be formed at either or both ends 71, 73 of the carton 5. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the bottom handle 105 can be formed by tearing along the tear lines 113, 115 and folding the handle panels 107, 109 inwardly along longitudinal fold lines 62, 108, 110 generally into the void 153 at the respective end 71, 73. Accordingly, the second handle panel 109 can be positioned to extend inwardly generally perpendicular to bottom end flap 12 and generally parallel to the bottom panel 10, and the first handle panel 107 can be positioned to extend upwardly generally perpendicular to the bottom panel 10 and the second handle panel 109 and generally parallel to the bottom end flap 12. In this way, the bottom handle 105 forms a knee lock or shoulder 155 in the respectively adjacent void 153 at the bottom of the carton 5 at one or both of the ends 71, 73 (FIGS. 7 and 8). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, the width of the handle panels 107, 109 (e.g., the distance between the fold line 62 and the respective fold lines 108, 110) is approximately equal to the distance D1 between the containers C at the ends of the inner rows R2 and the bottom end flap 12 and the fold line 62. Accordingly, the second handle panel 109 extends substantially the entire distance D1 from the bottom end flap 12 (e.g., at the fold line 110) to the end containers C of the inner rows R2. In one embodiment, the second handle panel 109 can help retain the first handle panel 107 against the end containers C of the inner rows R2, and the shoulder 155 can help retain the containers in the inner rows R2.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the shoulders 155 in the interior of the carton 5 can form a space or corner void 157 in the exterior of the carton so that at least the bottom end flap 12 and the second handle panel 109 can be grasped at each end 71, 73 to carry the carton. In one embodiment, the corner void 157 can be at least partially defined by the exterior surfaces of the handle panels 107, 109 and the edges of the bottom panel 10 and the bottom end flap 12 formed by the tear lines 113, 115. The bottom handle 105 can be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured, or could be omitted, without departing from the disclosure.
The carton 5 can also be carried by the handle 87 in the first side panel 20. The handle 87 can be formed by folding the handle flap 88 inwardly at one or both of the fold lines 89, 91 to create a handle opening. The carton can be grasped by the handle opening of the handle 87 in the first side panel. The handle 87 can be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured, or could be omitted, without departing from the disclosure.
Any of the features of the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure could be omitted or could be included in various combinations without departing from the scope of this disclosure (e.g., the handles 105, 125 could be included with the handle 87 omitted, the handle 105 and the dispenser 80 could be included with the handles 87, 125 omitted, etc.). Further, it is noted that the features of the exemplary embodiment can be incorporated into a carton having any suitable carton style, panel configuration, and/or nesting arrangement. The carton styles, panel configurations, and nesting arrangements described above are included by way of example.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of an exterior surface 201 of a blank 203 for forming a carton (not shown) according to an alternative embodiment of the disclosure. The alternative embodiment is generally similar to the first embodiment, except for variations noted and variations that will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, similar or identical features of the embodiments have been given like or similar reference numbers. As shown in FIG. 9, the blank 203 includes an alternative top panel 230 wherein the end flaps 125 are omitted. Accordingly, the top panel 230 includes a concave edge 329 extending between two convex edges 331, 333 at each end. In one embodiment, the top panel 230 has free edges at each of the ends of the carton formed from the blank 203, wherein the free edges are free from connection to a top end flap, a handle flap, and/or other features. The top panel 230 and/or the edges 329, 331, 333 could be otherwise shaped, arranged, positioned, and/or configured, or could be omitted, without departing from the disclosure.
The blanks according to any of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be, for example, formed from coated paperboard and similar materials. For example, the interior and/or exterior sides of the blank can be coated with a clay coating. The clay coating may then be printed over with product, advertising, price coding, and other information or images. The blank may then be coated with a varnish to protect any information printed on the blank. The blank may also be coated with, for example, a moisture barrier layer, on either or both sides of the blank. In accordance with the above-described embodiments, the blank may be constructed of paperboard of a caliper such that it is heavier and more rigid than ordinary paper. The blank can also be constructed of other materials, such as cardboard, hard paper, or any other material having properties suitable for enabling the carton to function at least generally as described herein. The blank can also be laminated or coated with one or more sheet-like materials at selected panels or panel sections.
In accordance with the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure, a fold line can be any substantially linear, although not necessarily straight, form of weakening that facilitates folding therealong. More specifically, but not for the purpose of narrowing the scope of the present disclosure, fold lines include: a score line, such as lines formed with a blunt scoring knife, or the like, which creates a crushed portion in the material along the desired line of weakness; a cut that extends partially into a material along the desired line of weakness, and/or a series of cuts that extend partially into and/or completely through the material along the desired line of weakness; and various combinations of these features.
As an example, a tear line can include: a slit that extends partially into the material along the desired line of weakness, and/or a series of spaced apart slits that extend partially into and/or completely through the material along the desired line of weakness, or various combinations of these features. As a more specific example, one type tear line is in the form of a series of spaced apart slits that extend completely through the material, with adjacent slits being spaced apart slightly so that a nick (e.g., a small somewhat bridging-like piece of the material) is defined between the adjacent slits for typically temporarily connecting the material across the tear line. The nicks are broken during tearing along the tear line. The nicks typically are a relatively small percentage of the tear line, and alternatively the nicks can be omitted from or torn in a tear line such that the tear line is a continuous cut line. That is, it is within the scope of the present disclosure for each of the tear lines to be replaced with a continuous slit, or the like. For example, a cut line can be a continuous slit or could be wider than a slit without departing from the present disclosure.
The above embodiments may be described as having one or more panels adhered together by glue during erection of the carton embodiments. The term “glue” is intended to encompass all manner of adhesives commonly used to secure carton panels in place.
The foregoing description of the disclosure illustrates and describes various exemplary embodiments. Various additions, modifications, changes, etc., could be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. It is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only selected embodiments of the disclosure, but the disclosure is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, and/or within the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. Furthermore, certain features and characteristics of each embodiment may be selectively interchanged and applied to other illustrated and non-illustrated embodiments of the disclosure.
Patent Application
20160167829
