Casing patches have long been used in the hydrocarbon recovery industry in conjunction with a repair to a tubing or casing segment in a wellbore. It will be understood that the term “casing patch” as used herein is intended to relate to both patches actually in the casing of a wellbore and patches that are in a tubing string for a wellbore.
It is to be assumed for purposes of this disclosure that a faulty section of casing or tubing has already been cut out of the well and the “stub”, i.e., the piece left downhole, and to which the casing patch will be connected, has been dressed.
Prior art casing patches have included Chevron seals and lead based seals but these have drawbacks such as damage to the Chevron type seals during engagement with the stub as they are exposed to the sharp edge thereof and such as the one time operation of the lead seal type, among other things.
A casing patch includes a deformable seal configurable to a deformed and undeformed position for sealing and unsealing respectively with a target stub and a pressure based subsystem in operable communication with the deformable seal.
A casing patch includes a body, at least one slip system at the body, at least one seal actuatable in response to actuation of the slip system and a stop ring located at the seal to prevent overcompression thereof.
Referring now to the drawings wherein like elements are numbered alike in the several Figures:
In order to enhance understanding of the invention applicants have elected to describe briefly the components of the tool followed by a discussion of its operation.
Referring to
The patch 10 comprises a housing 12 that includes several features. One of the features is an anchor system comprising slip ramp 14 extending from housing 12. The ramp 14 is in one embodiment a unitary structure of the housing and includes two ramp faces 16 and 18. These, in the illustrated embodiment are generally frustoconically shaped and are configured to complementarily guide and support a plurality of slips. It is to be understood that at least one of the plurality of slips will hold in an uphole direction (uphole slips 20), and at least one of the plurality of slips will hold in the downhole direction (downhole slips 22), when actuated. The slips may be cut with a left hand thread if desired to promote removal of the patch from the well if desired. In some embodiments of the patch several slips will hold in each direction, when actuated.
In the illustrated embodiment, a biasing member 24, which may be a spring, gas charged member, or another member which itself is driven to extend, urges slips 20 to climb ramp 16 thereby causing slip(s) 20 to move in a direction to bite into a stub 26 with which the patch 10 is to engage. Slips 20 therefore are automatically engaged with the stub 26 when the patch 10 comes in engaging contact therewith.
Another feature of housing 12 is a pressure channel 28 that is formed within the housing 12 as illustrated or may be attached thereto as a separate structure, if desired. The channel 28 has the function of providing a pressure passageway to a volume changeable chamber 70 (seen only in
The housing further includes, as illustrated, a pressure relief port 36 and a toothed section 38 complementary to a body lock ring 40 mounted at an end housing 42 of a seal 44. The body lock ring functions to maintain a compression load on the seal 44 that is created by application of pressure to port 30. Simultaneously as the compression load is applied to the seal, the fluid supplied through port 30 to chamber 70 exerts a driving force on a drive piston 46 to actuate slips 22. Thus it will be appreciated that although the slips 20 are actuated automatically upon engagement with the stub 26, the slips 22 require input from a remote pressure source to actuate.
Additionally connected to the housing 12 a top sub 50 at an uphole end of the housing 12 and a bottom sub 52 at a downhole end of the housing 12.
Further included in the illustrated embodiment of the casing patch 10 is a piston 54 that is moveable from (1) a position in which it inhibits application of pressure to pressure inlet 32 to (2) a position where application of pressure to port 32 is permitted. A release arrangement 56, which may be a shear member, such as for example a shear ring, is installed to restrain movement of the piston 54 until the opportune time. That time comes when the stub 26 is fully engaged by the patch 10 when set down weight of the patch on the stub 26 (taken up by the piston 54) causes the release member 56 to release.
Referring now to
Further downhole movement of patch 10 brings edge 60 into contact with a contact face 62 of piston 54. Contact plus further movement downhole of patch 10 causes a growing load to be placed upon piston 54 and release member 56. Since piston 54 is releasably retained by release member 56, piston 54 will not move until a predetermined load is reached. Upon the predetermined load being reached however the release member 56 releases. In the illustrated embodiment, since the release member is a shear ring, the ring shears allowing piston 54 to move to the position illustrated in
Upon movement of piston 54, port 32 is newly exposed to hydrostatic pressure having been protected therefrom by piston 54 and seals 64 prior to movement of piston 54. Since hydrostatic pressure (or pressure-up pressure) is calculable or otherwise known for the target depth, the differential pressure needed at the volume changeable chamber 70 illustrated in
In one embodiment the seal is a metal seal, which then forms a metal-to-metal seal between the patch and stub when actuated. In such embodiment, high pressure differentials are easily supported. It is to be understood however that if desired, an elastomeric material or other seal material could be substituted in the patch disclosed. In one metal seal embodiment, three sections 76, 78, 80 (as shown) are utilized and are disposed in angular position relating to one another. This configuration facilitates deformation of the seal into an actuated position when subjected to compressive load. Alternatively, the seal may have a more cylindrical configuration and include lines of weakness in the material of the seal. Effective lines of weakness 45 and 47 (119 in the
Alluded to above is the ability the system has to be removed from the well. This is possible in one embodiment by the provision of slip teeth that are left hand threads. If such has been manufactured into the patch, then neutral weight and right hand torque, will effectively unscrew the patch from the stub 26 thereby allowing retrieval of the patch to surface or to another location.
In another embodiment, referring to
Adjacent end housing 122 is positioned a slip sleeve 130 which is movably disposed at the inside dimension of the body 112. Sleeve 130 is positioned between ratchet thread 128 and a stop shoulder 132 provided at the inside dimension of body 112. The shoulder 132 may be integrally formed as shown or may be created with a device such as a snap ring, etc.
Slip sleeve 130 further includes an angled face 134 that is configured to “slip” in one direction and “stick” in the opposite direction. In the event a thread is used as the surface feature that causes the slip and stick, then the sleeve 130 may be backed off and the casing patch retrieved by “unscrewing” the same using right or left hand rotation of a string (not shown) as appropriate. The top sub 116 is attached to body 112 at an uphole end thereof by suitable connection such as a thread 138.
Finally, the casing patch 110 includes a slip 140 and friction pad 142. The pad 142 is configured to tightly grip against the target stub 26 while the slip interacts with angled face 134 through its own angular surface 144. Slip 140 is further possessed of a ratcheting arrangement 146 at the interface of surface 144 and face 134 such that movement occurs relative to sleeve 130 in one direction but is inhibited in the opposite direction.
In operation, this embodiment of a casing patch 110 is run on a string (not shown) to depth to interact with stub 26. It is to be appreciated that stub 26 may be previously dressed conventionally or may be dressed at the same time as the casing patch 110 is being run if the casing patch is configured with an alternate bottom sub 114a (shown in
Whether dressed in a separate run or dressed simultaneously, the casing patch 110 is run over the stub 26 until top sub 116 comes into contact with stub 26 at edge 60 thereof. This is the position illustrated in
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
3358760 | Blagg | Dec 1967 | A |
3713675 | White, Jr. | Jan 1973 | A |
4660863 | Bailey et al. | Apr 1987 | A |
5404944 | Lynde et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5507343 | Carlton et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
5829524 | Flanders et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
6622789 | Braddick | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6814143 | Braddick | Nov 2004 | B2 |
6896049 | Moyes | May 2005 | B2 |
20040159445 | Hazel et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20080217000 A1 | Sep 2008 | US |