The invention concerns a cast piston having supporting ribs for an internal combustion engine as well as a method for the production of such a piston.
Pistons for internal combustion engines are subject to high mechanical and thermal stresses during operation. Depending on its use the piston construction, the materials used and other configurational features can be optimized, for example with respect to its structural rigidity or its weight. Further additional conditions to be considered are costs and durability.
Here, a trade-off has to be made between the simultaneous maximization of structural rigidity and the minimization of the weight of the piston. An increase in the structural rigidity may be achieved by strengthening parts and/or regions of the piston which are subject to particularly high stresses. Such a strengthening increases the weight of the piston. This, in turn, results in an increase in consumption and an increase in production and operating costs.
Document EP 1 561 938 A1 shows a piston in which ribs are applied at the pin bores, which ribs are completely connected with the piston head along the lower side and are situated substantially below the pin bore.
Document DE 10 2005 0143 747 A1 shows a piston for an internal combustion engine, in which the supporting ribs form a part of the periphery of the piston skirt and are completely connected with the piston base along the edge facing the piston base.
The ribs known from the prior art are directed (adapted) to the field of use, the requirements and the production limitations of forged pistons.
Document DE 699 01 902 T2 describes a piston for use in an engine. The piston has a plurality of struts provided in the piston skirt. Document DE 1 805 533 A relates to a piston for internal combustion engines, wherein the piston comprises planar inserts standing perpendicular on the pin axis. Document GB 431 743 A discloses a piston having struts provided at the piston skirt.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cast piston having an improved structural rigidity while at the same time optimizing its weight, as well as a suitable production method therefor.
This object is achieved by the subject matter of claims 1 and 10. Further advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
Thus, a cast piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a piston base, a cylindrical piston head connected to the piston base and an at least partially hollow piston skirt located at the side of the piston head facing away from the piston base. The cast piston is characterized in that it comprises one or more supporting ribs located at least partially in the piston skirt, with at least one supporting rib having a recess on the side facing the piston base. The supporting ribs provided in the piston skirt reinforce the piston skirt. Further, by appropriately arranging the supporting ribs, regions experiencing high stresses and needing reinforcement may be strengthened in a targeted mariner. Due to a targeted strengthening, material at another location, for instance at the wall thickness of the piston skirt, may be saved in favor of an optimization of its weight, depending upon the field of use of the piston. The supporting ribs are located within the piston skirt in order to reinforce regions close to the pin bores which are provided in the peripheral wall of the piston skirt. The recesses of the supporting ribs at the side facing the piston base serve the purpose of reducing the weight in areas which do not require additional reinforcement. Further, spray oil and/or guided oil may reach the pin through these recesses. Thus, the piston can be adequately cooled and better lubricated in the area of the pin bores and con-rod. The supporting ribs may be formed or cast integrally with the piston skirt in order to achieve an as large as possible material homogeneity in particular in those areas subject to high stresses. Further, by integrally casting the piston, it may be manufactured without any further additional processing of the ribs. The formation of the ribs is, thus, integrated into the casting operation. Therefore, such a method is particularly productive and, thus, suited to high-volume production.
According to the invention, the supporting ribs are connected to the walls of the piston body in the vicinity of the piston bore in order to combine a reinforcement by flanges and by supporting ribs.
Preferably, the cast piston is made of aluminium in order to reduce the weight of the piston. Aluminium has the necessary heat resistance, light weight and structural rigidity.
Preferably, the supporting ribs are disposed substantially parallel to the pin axis. The pin axis is defined by two pin bores. Such an arrangement efficiently strengthens the heavily stressed areas around the pin bores. Further, the parallel arrangement of the supporting ribs with respect to the pin axis provides for the shortest connection of the opposing sides of the pin body, so that material can be saved and, consequently, the weight of the piston can be optimized.
Preferably, the supporting ribs are substantially perpendicular to the walls of the piston skirt in order to optimize the structural rigidity of the piston.
Preferably, the supporting ribs are planar (laminar), wherein an edge of one such rib extends substantially parallel to the piston base and at least one surface adjoining this edge is disposed substantially perpendicular with respect to the piston base, in order to improve the structural rigidity of the piston.
Preferably, exactly two supporting ribs are provided. Such a strengthening, preferably with a supporting rib being mirror-symmetrically provided at both sides of the pin bores, respectively, promises an effective improvement of the structural rigidity around the heavily stressed areas of the pin bores.
Preferably, the supporting ribs are not integrally formed with the piston base. It is not necessary to connect the supporting ribs with the piston base, which may be exploited in favor of a lower material consumption.
Preferably, each supporting rib connects two sides of the piston skirt. In order to achieve an effective reinforcement of the piston, a continuous connection of two sides, preferably the sides having the pin bores, is effective.
Preferably, the edge of the supporting ribs facing away from the piston base is located at a greater distance from the piston base than the central axis of the pin bores, in order to reinforce the piston skirt, in particular. In particular, this edge may be located at a greater distance from the piston base than the pin bores as a whole, and the recess may extend from the piston base across the central axis and up to the region of the end of the pin bore facing away from the piston base.
The object is further achieved by means of a method for the production of the above-mentioned cast piston, wherein the recess is formed during casting of the supporting ribs, for example by means of a suitable core.
The cast piston 1 of the invention shown in
Two supporting ribs 30 extend in parallel to the pin axis which is defined by the two pin bores 26. The two supporting ribs are provided symmetrically on both sides of the pin (not shown) and connect the opposing flattened sides of the piston skirt 20. The ribs 30 have a planar (laminar) configuration and comprise upper edges 31. One such upper edge 31 of the supporting ribs may be disposed above the center line of the pin axis, as realized in the present embodiment. Further, the upper edge 31 of the supporting ribs 30 is disposed parallel to the pin axis and parallel to the pin base 12. Due to technical reasons of the casting operation it may be necessary that the ribs 30 have a double conical shape, that is the parallelism is only hinted at and the edge 31 bulges outward, in particular in the area of its connection with the piston skirt 20. The supporting ribs 30 which have a substantially planar configuration except for the connection area with the piston skirt 20, comprise recesses 32.
According to the field of use of the piston, it is not necessary to provide two parallel supporting ribs 30. For example, a supporting rib may be provided which connects the two flanges 27. In order to achieve a higher rigidity it may further be desirable to provide further supporting ribs in addition to the two parallel supporting ribs, for example a supporting rib connecting the two flanges at the center and below the pin bores. Further, the recesses may be configured smaller or larger in view of an optimization of weight and/or an optimization of structural rigidity.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2007 058 789.0 | Dec 2007 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP08/63225 | 10/2/2008 | WO | 00 | 8/23/2010 |