Patent Grant
12142814
The present disclosure relates to an antenna arrangement configured to be incorporated behind a bezel of a portable communications device, such as a laptop or tablet computer, or a mobile handset such as a smartphone.
With the current advancement of technology in mobile telecommunications devices such as tablets, laptops and smartphones, the trend is towards supporting more wireless standards, being thinner and more aesthetically desirable.
The desire for thinner devices often requires the use of metal monocoque shells which do not offer good passage of radio frequency (RF) signals from an antenna. This can be a problem for WLAN frequencies (for example, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), and when coupled with the antenna being placed in close proximity to a display screen (and associated electronic components), provides a challenge for any antenna design to work effectively.
It is known to use plastic windows in metal covers or shells, in order that RF signals can pass easily, but this can detract from the aesthetic design of the device and is sometimes associated with the less premium models in a range. Other solutions include creating insulated slots in a rim around the casing to create either dipole, or monopole antenna elements such as on the iPhone4 ®. However, these are particularly susceptible to user intervention by shorting across the elements with the hand or fingers during use, which results in degradation of the signal.
Another solution is to use very small antenna arrangements behind the non-metal bezel of the device screen, for example a laptop screen. These types of antenna arrangements are located in the small amount of free space that is bounded by metal casing to the outside and the display screen to the inside, and try to punch a signal through either a slot of non-metal material in the screen back case that is disguised to have a metallic finish, or through a non-metal cover that forms the screen bezel. Prior art solutions where the bezel is relatively large (>10 mm) provides good operation in the WLAN bands of 2.4 and 5.5 GHz. However, performance in these bands can be challenging with the latest models of devices having almost edge-to-edge screens with typical bezel sizes of <10 mm, often <6 mm.
This solution is typically less susceptible to outside intervention by fingers or hands blocking any slot or notch and allows more complex designs of resonating structure to be implemented behind the bezel, which is not feasible using the parts of the casing as radiating elements.
It would be desirable to provide an antenna arrangement, suitable for a portable wireless-capable device, that has a small size (<6 mm) in carrier height and can be placed behind the latest very thin edge-to-edge screen bezels, and can operate sufficiently in the WLAN bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.5 GHz.
Viewed from a first aspect, there is provided an electronic device comprising:
Viewed from a second aspect, there is provided an antenna for an electronic device, the antenna comprising:
With regard to the first aspect, the cavity is bounded by the metallic rear surface, metallic parts of the display screen, and/or electronic components on a motherboard or the like mounted behind the display screen. The provision of a cavity, bounded by metallic components, behind the conductive radiating element, helps to direct RF signals excited by the conductive radiating element through the non-metallic bezel on the front surface of the electronic device.
In some embodiments, the conductive radiating element is self-supporting, e.g. be formed from stamped metal sheet or the like. In other embodiments, the conductive radiating element is formed as a conductive antenna pattern on or in an antenna carrier made of a dielectric material. The conductive antenna pattern may be formed on or in the antenna carrier by known processes, such as printing, laser direct structuring (LDS), adhesive wrapping etc.
In embodiments with an antenna carrier, the conductive ground plane may extend from the antenna carrier. The conductive ground plane may extend in a direction generally parallel to the front and rear surfaces.
The conductive radiating element may be connected to the metallic rear surface by direct soldering, conductive foam, a pogo pin, or any suitable connection.
The dual grounding of the conductive radiating element to both the metallic rear surface and the conductive ground plane means that the cavity is defined by a conductive ground plane surface behind the conductive radiating element, helping to direct RF signals excited by the conductive antenna element through the bezel in a direction out of the front surface away from the rear surface.
The metallic rear surface, which is typically a very large (relative to the conductive radiating element) metallic component covering the most or all of the rear of the electronic device, may act as a reflector to help direct radiated RF signals through the bezel of the front surface with improved efficiency and performance.
The conductive radiating element may have an elongate shape. For example, the conductive radiating element may be substantially rectangular or linear. The conductive radiating element may have a first second major edge that faces and is substantially parallel to an adjacent edge of the front surface of the electronic device, and a second major edge that faces and is substantially parallel to an adjacent edge of the display screen. One of the major edges, for example the first major edge, is connected to the metallic rear surface, and the other major edge, for example the second major edge, is connected to the conductive ground plane. The connections of the first and second major edges, in combination with the extent of the metallic rear surface and the conductive ground plane, optionally together with other conductive components such as the display screen and/or a motherboard or battery component, help to define the grounded cavity behind the conductive radiating element.
The antenna carrier may be shaped or curved so as to conform to the reduced space available in electronic devices where the front and/or rear surfaces converge towards each other at their edges.
The antenna carrier may be disposed with a portion overlapped by the display screen, provided that the conductive antenna pattern on the antenna carrier is not overlapped by the display screen. The RF feed may be overlapped by the display screen.
The RF feed may be located on the ground plane extension. In some embodiments, the RF feed may excite the conductive radiating element by RF coupling; in other embodiments, the RF feed may be directly connected to the conductive radiating element.
The cavity may have a depth of 2 mm to 10 mm, preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, and in some embodiments 3 mm to 4 mm, for example 3.5 mm.
The cavity may have a height of at least 4 mm, at least 4.2 mm, at least 6 mm, or at least 8 mm.
The antenna carrier may have a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm, preferably around 2 mm.
The antenna carrier may have a height of less than 10 mm, less than 6 mm, preferably less than 4 mm, for example around 3.5 mm.
The distance between the first and second major edges of the conductive radiating element may be less than 10 mm, less than 6 mm, preferably less than 4 mm, for example around 3.5 mm. The distance between the first and second major edges of the conductive radiating element is dictated by the width of the bezel, which in modern electronic device designs can be as little as 3.5 mm.
Embodiments of the invention are further described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
An embodiment of the present disclosure may be described in relation to a typical clamshell design laptop computer.
Another embodiment may be described in relation to a typical tablet or convertible tablet that can dock with a keyboard. In this embodiment the main device will only have the A and B covers in the tablet mode. In addition the motherboard and battery will be housed behind the screen to form an all-in-one unit.
The cavity region has a maximum height space, defined as the gap between the screen edge and the region where the A-cover folds around and accepts the B-cover of less than 10 mm, typically less than 6 mm, and with the very latest edge-to-edge screens, less than 5 mm. In this particular embodiment the antenna carrier has a height of 3.50 mm to fit within the cavity curvature, and is rectangular, however it should be understood that the carrier can be other shapes such as curved to properly fit the curvature, or other shapes as demanded by the antenna operating parameters.
In this particular embodiment the carrier is designed to sit neatly above the screen unit and leave space behind by using dimensions of 3.5 mm height and a thickness of 2.0 mm. In some cases, a portion of the antenna carrier could be placed behind the screen unit, but no active radiating elements would be able to be placed on the eclipsed part of the carrier face. This would have to support non-active elements such as a feed or passive coupled components that do not radiate.
As described earlier, the antenna pattern (41) is connected to the device A-cover through connection point (49). This connection can be conductive foam, pogo pin, or directly soldered. The grounding of this relatively compact antenna arrangement is important, the bottom and top connections to ground create a cavity formed from the metallic A-cover, the screen unit and/or the motherboard/battery elements (24). This cavity, illustrated in
The antenna arrangement has a large ground plane (42) extending from the bottom of the carrier, with a ground plane extension (45) connected to the large main ground and extending onto the carrier. The ground plane can be stamped metal or foil extending from the carrier bottom edge, and ground plane extension can be formed using LDS or metal stamping during the normal antenna pattern processing. The ground plane is then connected to the screen/motherboard/battery section in the device, which is the main device ground point.
The antenna is fed from the feed (43) arrangement located at one end of the carrier and located on a ground plane extension (45) to enable easier cable routing and connection of coaxial cable through soldering. In this particular embodiment the antenna is directly fed and has passive components (44) placed in the feed to tune the required resonances. Other feed arrangements could include a more active arrangement comprising passive components and RF switched to actively tune or match the antenna in the required frequency ranges.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words “comprise” and “contain” and variations of them mean “including but not limited to”, and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.
Features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1915212 | Oct 2019 | GB | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB2020/052647 | 10/21/2020 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021/079112 | 4/29/2021 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10271299 | Sayem | Apr 2019 | B1 |
| 20030124985 | Shin et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20130293424 | Zhu et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20180331415 | Wu et al. | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2017228982 | Dec 2017 | JP |
| 2017127062 | Jul 2017 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report and the Written Opinion from International Application No. PCT/GB2020/052647, dated Feb. 24, 2021, 16 pp. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability from International Application No. PCT/GB2020/052647, dated Apr. 26, 2022, 9 pp. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220393337 A1 | Dec 2022 | US |
