Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to evacuation mechanisms, and more specifically to systems and methods for cantilevered ceiling and freestanding anchor systems.
People who seek to evacuate from a building or other structure by rope, for example through a window or over a roof edge, must often tie off the end of the rope to an existing building fixture. Such people often have difficulty finding a proper fixture to which a rope may be securely attached, and such fixtures may not be adequately safe for such uses. Also, because such fixtures are typically on walls or floors or otherwise within reach of the evacuee, the evacuee must often back over a window sill or over a roof edge, thereby running their rope over the window sill or roof edge, which risks damage to the rope.
A system for overhead anchor evacuation according to embodiments of the present invention includes a support bar configured to extend overhead of a user, a device mount in sliding engagement with the support bar, the device mount slideable along the support bar between a first position in which the device mount is on an inside of an edge of a building, and a second position in which the device mount is on an outside of the edge of the building, wherein the device mount slides freely between the first and second positions during the user's normal use of the system, and a controlled descent device coupled to the device mount.
According to some embodiments, the support bar is mounted on a freestanding framework, and the freestanding framework includes at least four legs configured to rest on the inside of the edge of the building. In some cases, the freestanding framework includes a first frame section comprising two of the at least four legs, the two of the at least four legs meeting at a first angle, the freestanding framework further comprising a second frame section comprising another two of the at least four legs, the other two of the at least four legs meeting at a second angle, such that the support bar is mounted under the first and second angles. The first frame section may include a cap member with a locking mechanism configured to lock the two of the at least four legs meeting at the first angle against movement with respect to each other. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the at least four legs are adjustable in length. A bottom end of each of the at least four legs may include rollers to permit the freestanding framework to be rolled.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the support bar is extendable and retractable. The support bar may be extendable and retractable between a retracted position in which an end of the support bar is on the inside of the edge, and an extended position in which the end of the support bar is on the outside of the edge.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the support bar is mounted on a ceiling framework. The ceiling framework may include at least one ceiling support member pivotably coupled to the ceiling at a first pivot point and pivotably coupled to the support bar at a second pivot point. In some cases, the ceiling framework and the support bar are configured to fold up for concealment above a ceiling panel in a stowed configuration, and are configured to be extended for operation in a deployed configuration. The support bar includes a first portion and a second portion, and the at least one ceiling support member may be pivotably coupled to the first portion at the second pivot point, such that the device mount is in sliding engagement with the second portion, and the second portion is extendable and retractable with respect to the first portion.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the at least one ceiling support member is substantially vertical in the deployed configuration. Two, four, and/or six ceiling support members may be pivotably coupled to the ceiling and the support bar, for example with equal numbers of ceiling support members on each side of the support bar, according to embodiments of the present invention. The edge may be a roof edge, or a window sill, for example.
Another system for overhead anchor evacuation according to embodiments of the present invention includes a support bar configured to extend overhead of a user, a device mount in sliding engagement with the support bar, the device mount slideable along the support bar between a first position in which the device mount is on an inside of an edge of a building, and a second position in which the device mount is on an outside of the edge of the building, such that the device mount slides freely between the first and second positions during the user's normal use of the system, and such that the support bar is extendable and retractable. In some cases, the support bar is extendable and retractable between a retracted position in which an end of the support bar is on the inside of the edge, and an extended position in which the end of the support bar is on the outside of the edge.
While multiple embodiments are disclosed, still other embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which shows and describes illustrative embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are described in detail below. The intention, however, is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
According to some embodiments, the support bar 2 is mounted on a freestanding framework 8, and the freestanding framework 8 includes at least four legs 9, 10, 11, 12 configured to rest on the inside 6 of the edge 5 of the building (as illustrated in
According to embodiments of the present invention, the support bar 2 is extendable and retractable. The support bar 2 may be extendable and retractable between a retracted position in which an end 17 of the support bar 2 is on the inside 6 of the edge 5 (as shown in
According to embodiments of the present invention, the support bar 2 is mounted on a ceiling framework 18. The ceiling framework 18 may include at least one ceiling support member 19 pivotably coupled to the ceiling 20 at a first pivot point 21 and pivotably coupled to the support bar 2 at a second pivot point 22. In some cases, the ceiling framework 18 and the support bar 2 are configured to fold up for concealment above a ceiling panel in a stowed configuration (as shown in
According to embodiments of the present invention, the at least one ceiling support member 19 is substantially vertical in the deployed configuration (as illustrated in
Another system 1, 30 for overhead anchor evacuation according to embodiments of the present invention includes a support bar 2 configured to extend overhead of a user, a device mount 3 in sliding engagement with the support bar 2, the device mount 3 slideable along the support bar 2 between a first position in which the device mount 3 is on an inside 6 of an edge 5 of a building (as illustrated in
During an evacuation that requires sending people out through a window on a rope to ground, there may be several needs. For example, such evacuations often call for a method to anchor a controlled descent device so that the ropes descend as near to vertically as possible from the device and not over rough or sharp edges. One way to do this is to suspend the controlled descent device so that it is outside the building and away from the building by a short distance. According to some embodiments of the present invention, a minimum of about six inches away from the building suffices, and it may not be necessary that the distance is more than about three feet. In fact, it may not be beneficial that the distance exceeds about three feet, because in such case the person may risk getting too easily get caught by wind and spun around.
Such evacuations also often call for a quick and reliable anchor system, as well as rigging of hardware done inside the building so that people are not placed in a position where they could accidentally fall during rigging. Rigging (e.g. connecting a person's harness to the controlled descent device 4) performed inside the building also permits three-hundred sixty-degree access to the person while rigging, to reduce fear and eliminate shock loading of the system 1, 30. Embodiments of the present invention include a fast way to rig a person for descent and then to commence the descent.
An anchor system 1, 30 according to embodiments of the present invention may include one or more of the following features and/or characteristics:
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the evacuation anchor kit is stored in the ceiling and permanently attached to the ceiling so that additional anchoring in a time of emergency is unnecessary. The evacuation anchor kit according to embodiments of the present invention deploys quickly and smoothly. The cantilever arm extends the device outside and away from the skin of the building so that both rope and the person descending are away from rough and dangerous surfaces on the skin of the building, according to embodiments of the present invention. The controlled descent device may be quickly, easily and reversibly moved from inside the building to outside, back and forth, as each person is evacuated. This allows people to connect to the rope or cable of the controlled descent device inside the building, lift their feet, and then be moved to a position outside the building to begin descent.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the following steps may be used to deploy the system 1, according to embodiments of the present invention:
With system 30, getting people out and down during evacuation is faster, easier and safer than with alternative methods. It works in a wide variety of locations (whether inside a building or on the roof of the building or otherwise) and solves the major challenges of evacuation and rescue. The kit 30 is a complete, engineered anchor platform for high rescue. It sets up anywhere in less than four minutes. It provides a rock-solid overhead anchor with a three foot cantilever over the side of a building or out a window, and a sliding trolley inside the overhead beam that vastly simplifies over-the-edge transition. It is designed to make rescuing multiple people fast and efficient to save lives.
Setting evacuation anchors in commercial buildings or industrial structures presents five serious challenges:
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the kit 30 has one or more of the following features and/or characteristics:
The system 30 is designed to assist in the evacuation of many people from commercial buildings or industrial structures. It sets up quickly and easily, anywhere. It is freestanding, rock solid, and the innovative overhead cantilever beam with sliding trolley vastly simplifies over-the edge transition and prevents rope damage.
System 30 makes transitioning a person to move from solid ground to suspension on a rescue rope much easier. When positioned at the edge of a building, the ten foot connecting beam in the system 30 cantilevers over the edge of the building by three feet. The cantilever protects rope and people from sharp edges, speeds transition and eliminates excessive rope friction that hinders descent or lifting. The trolley 3 inside the ten foot connecting beam rolls the entire length of the beam on four redundant wheels, according to embodiments of the present invention. The trolley is larger than the exit-profile in the beam as a redundant back-up to prevent failure. In order to transition with the system 30, the trolley 3 is pulled inside, the person is connected to a controlled descent device attached to the trolley, the trolley is pushed outside and over the building edge, and then the person descends unobstructed, according to embodiments of the present invention.
The beams 26 are in-line with the legs 10, 12 of their respective “A-frame” frame 8 sections, one on each side. The ceiling compression beams push up to the ceiling. According to some embodiments of the present invention, these beams actually push at angles to the ceiling, and opposing angles. The result is that the opposing ceiling compression beams pushing at angles to the ceiling create more lateral stability for the entire anchor than if they just pushed straight up, according to embodiments of the present invention.
As described herein, systems 1, 30 may be used to evacuate people by lowering them. However, systems 1, 30 may also be used to lift people, for example rescue personnel. To do this, a pulley may be mounted to the rolling trolley and a rigid push-bar may also be connected to the trolley. Then, a winch may be mounted to the rigid push-bar and the cable may be run from the winch through the pulley connected to the trolley. With this arrangement, the trolley can still be rolled in and out while the winch is used. Such a setup could be used over the edge of a building if it were desired to raise a person from down below rather than lower that person. The system 30 may also be set up or deployed over a pit that has uneven sides—a common problem in rescues—and the trolley allows raising a person from the pit without scraping the person against the sides, according to embodiments of the present invention.
Various modifications and additions can be made to the exemplary embodiments discussed without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, while the embodiments described above refer to particular features, the scope of this invention also includes embodiments having different combinations of features and embodiments that do not include all of the described features. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the scope of the claims, together with all equivalents thereof.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/383,369, filed on Sep. 16, 2010, and of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/407,321, filed on Oct. 27, 2010, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties for all purposes.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61383369 | Sep 2010 | US | |
61407321 | Oct 2010 | US |