Patent Application
20170096870
The present invention relates generally to cementing heads for introducing cement along with cement plugs into an oil or gas well, and particularly to a cementing head and cementing head control to execute a cementing operation.
In the drilling of oil and gas wells, it is common to install a steel pipe or casing within the open wellbore in order to provide stability to the walls of the wellbore passing through the formation and to isolate and seal off formation fluid zones from one another. Typically, the casing is cemented in place in order to bond the casing to the wall of the wellbore. More specifically, a casing string is inserted into a wellbore filled with drilling mud. Once the casing string is positioned in the wellbore, a cementing head is secured to the top of the casing string. The cementing head includes a valve system for injecting and removing fluids during the cementing process and a receptacle(s) or chamber(s) in which at least two plugs are carried. During the cementing process, a first plug, dart, ball or similar device, often referred to as a “bottom plug” is released into the casing string. The first plug is pumped down the casing string by a cement slurry until the first plug seats at a desired location within the casing string (often in proximity to the end of the casing string). As the first plug moves down the casing string, the first plug functions to wipe the casing string of residual mud. In addition, the first plug forms a barrier between the mud in the wellbore below the first plug and cement slurry in the casing string above the first plug. Once the desired amount of cement slurry is pumped into the casing string, a second plug is released at the top of the cement slurry column, thus functioning as a barrier at the top of the cement slurry column. Various types of displacement fluids may be used to apply pressure to the second plug to drive it down the casing string. In so doing, the cement slurry is forced out into the annulus formed between the casing string and the walls of the wellbore, either through ports formed in the casing or through a port in the first plug. As the cement slurry is forced into the annulus, formation fluids and mud contained in the annulus are forced out of the wellbore and recovered at the top of the casing string. After the cementing job is complete, the cementing head if flushed to remove any remaining cement slurry.
Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be understood more fully from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the disclosure. In the drawings, like reference numbers may indicate identical or functionally similar elements. The drawing in which an element first appears is generally indicated by the left-most digit in the corresponding reference number.
The foregoing disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. Further, spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” “uphole,” “downhole,” “upstream,” “downstream,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the FIGS. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the apparatus in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the FIGS. For example, if the apparatus in the FIGS. is turned over, elements described as being “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The apparatus may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.
Referring initially to
In some embodiments, chambers 22 and 24 each comprise a portion of inner bore 20. Associated with lower plug chamber 22 is a lower release mechanism 28a and associated with upper plug chamber 24 is an upper release mechanism 28b. Each release mechanism 28 includes a release element 32 movable between a first position (closed) to secure a plug in an associated chamber, 22, 24 and a second position (open) to release a plug from the associated chamber 22, 24. In some embodiments, movable release element 32 is a rotatable cylindrical element having a first radial through bore 34. In some embodiments, rotatable cylindrical element 32 may also include an internal flow passage 36. Rotatable element 32 is radially positioned at the lower end of each chamber 22, 24 and rotatable between a first closed position (shown) in which bore 34 is offset from bore 20, and a second release position (not shown) in which bore 34 is aligned with bore 20.
In some embodiments a fluid flow bypass passage 38 may also be defined in cement head sub 12. Fluid flow passage may extend substantially parallel with bore 20 with a first port 21 in fluid communication with bore 20 above upper chamber 24, thereby permitting fluid flow to bypass upper chamber 24, as desired. In some embodiments, a portion of rotatable element 32 extends into fluid flow passage 38 and rotatable between a first position (not shown) in which internal flow passage 36 is closed from fluid communication with bypass passage 38, and a second open position (shown) in which internal flow passage 36 is in fluid communication with flow bypass passage 38. In the second open position, internal flow passage 36 within cylindrical element 32 is also in fluid communication with inner bore 20 below lower chamber 22, thereby permitting fluid flow to lower chambers 22. Thus, mud flow and/or fluid pressure on the mud column within the wellbore can be maintained through cement head assembly 10 until the cementing operations begin by initiating the cementing sequence discussed below.
In any event, release mechanism 28 preferably also includes a position indicator, such as is illustrated by lower indicator 40 and upper indicator 42. Each indicator 40, 42 provides an external visual indication of the alignment of bore 34 relative to bore 20. In some preferred embodiment, indicator 40, 42 extends along an axis substantially parallel with the axis of bore 34 of release mechanism 28a, 28b. An indicator 40, 42 may be carried on a spindle 44 axially extending from rotatable element 32.
Finally, each release mechanism 28 preferably includes an electronic controller 50 for actuation of the release mechanism 28, such as is illustrated by upper release controller 50a and lower release controller 50b. In some embodiments, release mechanism 28 is actuated by an actuation mechanism such as an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor driven by a controller 50 (see actuation mechanism 53 of
Persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that while it is desirable that cement head sub 12 include at least two plug chambers, cement head sub 12 may include fewer chambers or more chambers. For example, a third chamber with a corresponding release mechanism may be included.
Cement head sub 12 also includes at least one, and preferably two or more cement slurry valves 46. The foregoing disclosure is not limited to any particular valve type, but for purposes of illustration, in some embodiments, each valve 46 includes a valve seat 47 disposed along a through bore 51 in fluid communication with bore 20. Disposed in valve seat 47 is a valve element 52 movable by an actuation mechanism 53, such as a motor driven by a controller 50, between a first closed position and a second open position. Slurry valve 46 preferably includes a position indicator 48. Position indicator 48 provides an external visual indication of the position of valve element 52 within bore 51 and is movable in conjunction with valve element 52. In some preferred embodiment, when valve element 52 is in an open position, indicator 48 extends along an axis substantially parallel with the axis of bore 51, and when valve element 52 is in a closed position, the axis of indicator 46 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of bore 51. A slurry line 54 is in fluid communication with bore 51 of valve 46.
Each cement slurry valve 46 preferably includes an electronic controller 50 for actuation of the slurry valve, such as is illustrated by slurry valve controller 50c.
In some embodiments, valve 46 is secured to a swivel 56 carried by cement head sub 12 as shown in greater detail in
Positioned along elongated tubular 18 below lower chamber 22 is a flipper mechanism 59. In some embodiments, flipper mechanism 59 is dynamic and is physically engaged by a plug 26 passing through bore 50. For example, in some embodiments, flipper mechanism 59 may generally include an arm or extension 63 movably mounted on tubular 18 so that arm 63 protrudes into bore 50 when arm 63 is in a first position and is at least partially retracted from bore 50 when arm 63 is in a second position. Linked to arm 63 is a visual indicator 65 mounted on the exterior of tubular 18. Visual indicator 65 is movable between a first position corresponding to the first position of arm 63 and a second position corresponding to the second position of arm 63. As a plug 26 moves past arm 63 in bore 20, the plug drives arm 63 from its first position to its second position. Visual indicator 65 thereby provides an indication that a plug 26 has moved past flipper mechanism 59 following release of plug 26 from its corresponding chamber. In some embodiments, an electronic controller 50, such as is illustrated by flipper controller 50f, may be utilized to move flipper mechanism 59 to the first position to thereby “reset” flipper mechanism 59 once a plug 26 moves flipper mechanism 59 to the second position. In another embodiment, flipper mechanism 59 may simply be a stationary proximity sensor, reader or similar static device disposed to identify a plug 26 passing adjacent thereto and which in turn causes visual indicator 65 to move between a first position and a second position. In these embodiments, plug 26 and visual indicator 65 may include a trigger mechanism 41 to actuate movement of the visual indicator 65. Trigger mechanism is not limited to a particular type of device, but may include be a magnet system or an RFID chip and reader system disposed to cause actuation of the visual indicator 65 when plug 26 passes flipper mechanism 59. In any case, flipper controller 50f is disposed to reset flipper mechanism 59, and hence visual indicator 65, once it has been moved to the second position.
Positioned along elongated tubular 18 below flipper mechanism 59 is an additional chamber 64 and release mechanism 66, as illustrated in
In some embodiments, one or more safety valve systems 70, as illustrated in
Finally, a base station 78, shown in
Turning to
In an optional next step, additional slurry valves 46 may be opened. These additional slurry valves 46 either may be opened simultaneously with the opening of first slurry valve 46a or in consecutive order. As with the first slurry valve 46a, these additional slurry valves 46 are each opened using an electronic controller 50c associated with the valve and each valve includes a visual indicator 48 to indicate the orientation of its corresponding valve element 52. In
Likewise, in an optional next step, either preceding or following opening of the slurry valves 46, the lower safety valve system 16 is opened via a control signal from base station 78. Specifically, electronic controller 50e of lower safety valve system 16 is activated, thereby driving valve 76 of lower safety valve system 16 from a closed position to an open position. In preferred embodiments, electronic controller 50e is wireless, operable by a radio signal and is activated by sending a wireless command from base station 78. As electronic controller 50e drives valve 76 of lower safety valve system 16 to an open position, the associated position indicator 78 moves from a first position to a second position. In the first position, indicator 78 provides an external visual indication that valve 76 of lower safety valve system 16 is closed. In the second position, indicator 78 of lower safety valve system 16 provides an external visual indication that valve 76 is open. The opening of lower safety valve system 16 opens a flow path from the cement head assembly 10 to the wellbore below.
In an optional next step, either preceding or following opening of the lower safety valve system 16, the upper safety valve system 14 is closed based on a control signal from base station 78, thereby isolating the cement head assembly 10 from the rig works (not shown). Although described as being closed after the opening of lower safety valve system 16, in other preferred embodiments, upper safety valve system 14 may be closed before or simultaneously with the opening of the lower safety valve system 16 in some embodiments Likewise, lower safety valve system 16 may be opened and upper safety valve system 14 may be closed before or simultaneously with opening of the slurry valve 46. In any event, electronic controller 50e of upper safety valve system 14 is activated, thereby moving the associated valve 76 of upper safety valve system 14 from an open position to a closed position. In preferred embodiments, electronic controller 50e is wireless, operable by a radio signal and is activated by sending a wireless command from base station 78. As electronic controller 50e drives valve 76 of upper safety valve system 14 to a closed position, position indicator 78 of upper safety valve system 14 moves from a second position to a first position. In the first position, indicator 78 of upper safety valve system 14 provides an external visual indication that valve 76 of upper safety valve system 14 is closed. In the second position, indicator 78 provides an external visual indication that valve 76 of upper safety valve system 14 is open. It will be appreciated that the opening of upper safety valve system 14 opens a flow path from the cement head assembly 10 to the rig works above. Conversely, in a closed position, upper safety valve system 14 blocks flow of cement up the pipe string and isolates the cement head assembly 10.
If it is not already in its first or “reset” position, prior to activation of either the upper or lower release mechanisms 28a, 28b, flipper mechanism 59 is moved to its first position so that arm 60 protrudes into bore 50 and visual indicator 62 is its first position. Flipper mechanism 59 may be activated with an electronic controller 50 via a control signal from base station 78.
Once the slurry valve(s) 46 are opened as desired in step 620, and the lower and upper safety valves 16, 14, are opened and closed, respectively, the next step 630 in the control sequence is to activate lower chamber release mechanism 28a, thereby causing the lower chamber release visual indicator 40 adjacent the cement head to be driven from a first position to a second position and permitting plug 26a to be released down bore 50. Specifically, lower chamber electronic controller 50b is activated based on a control signal from base station 78 to move lower plug release mechanism 28a from a closed position to an open position. In those embodiments employing a rotatable cylindrical element 32 ad described above, bore 34 of rotatable cylindrical element 32 is aligned with bore 20 of tubular 18, thereby allowing plug 26b to be released downhole. In any event, as plug 26a passes in proximity to flipper mechanism 59, plug 26a engages arm 63 of flipper mechanism 59, driving flipper mechanism 59 from a first position to a second position, as at step 640. In this second position, visual indicator 65 of flipper mechanism 59 is oriented to indicate that a plug has past flipper mechanism 59.
In any event, simultaneously with the release of plug 26a by activation of lower chamber release mechanism 28a, or otherwise following the release of plug 26a, cement slurry flow through valves 46 is initiated. The cement slurry flows into bypass channel 38. Since upper chamber release mechanism 28b being in the closed position, the internal flow passage 36 of upper chamber release mechanism 28b is therefore in fluid communication with bypass channel 38. Thus, cement slurry flows through internal flow passage 36 and into bore 20 behind the released lower plug 26a. It will be appreciated that internal flow passage 36 allows the slurry flow to bypass around upper chamber 24.
In some embodiments, a portion of the cement slurry also flows into upper chamber 24 behind upper plug 26b.
Once the desired amount of cement slurry has been pumped into the wellbore behind the released lower plug 26b, cement slurry pumping is terminated and, at step 650, a control signal is sent from base station 78 to flipper controller 50f to reset flipper mechanism 59 for the next plug 26 and drive visual indicator 65 of flipper mechanism 59 back to a first position. As described above, in its first or “reset” position, for those embodiments of flipper mechanism 59 employing an arm 63, arm 63 extends into bore 20 to be engaged by the next plug 26 passing flipper mechanism 59. Although flipper mechanism 59 can be reset at any time, preferably it is reset after flow through bore 20 has been terminated so as not to interfere with the slurry flow.
With flipper mechanism 59 reset, at step 660, upper chamber electronic controller 50a is activated via a control signal from base station 78, thereby causing the upper chamber release visual indicator 42 adjacent the cement head to be driven from a first position to a second position and driving upper plug release mechanism 28b from a closed position to an open position. In so doing, for those embodiments employing a rotatable cylindrical element 32, bore 34 of rotatable cylindrical element 32 is aligned with bore 20 of tubular 18, thereby allowing upper plug 26b to be released. Since lower release mechanism 28b is still in its second position, released upper plug 26b will pass through radial bore 34 of lower release mechanism 28b and drop downhole through bore 20. As plug 26b passes in proximity to flipper mechanism 59, plug 26b engages arm 63 of flipper mechanism 59, driving flipper mechanism 59 from a first position to a second position, as at step 670. In this second position, visual indicator 65 is oriented to indicate that a plug has past flipper mechanism 59.
To the extent any cement slurry was in upper chamber 24 behind plug 26b, the cement slurry will be released and follow plug 26b down into the wellbore to encase plug 26b.
In some embodiments, a displacement fluid may be pumped into cement head assembly 10 to help drive released upper plug 26b downhole. The displacement fluid may be pumped through slurry valves 46 and/or through a top drive (not shown) above upper safety valve 14. To the extend the displacement fluid is pumped from a top drive, upper safety valve 14 is opened to allow the displacement fluid to pass therethrough. In one or more embodiments, upper safety valve 14 may be opened and displacement fluid pumped through cement head assembly 10 simultaneously with the release of plug 26b from upper chamber 24. Likewise, in some embodiments, electronic controller 50c may be activated by base station 78 to close slurry valves 48 during injection of the displacement fluid through upper safety valve assembly 14.
In some embodiments, the control sequence from base station 78 continues in order to flush cement head assembly 10 of residual cement slurry that may be remaining therein. Specifically, upper chamber electronic controller 50a is activated by a control signal from base station 78 to drive upper plug release mechanism 28b back to its first position in which upper chamber 24 is closed and inner flow passage 36 fluidly connects bypass passage 38 with bore 20 below upper chamber 24. In so doing, the cement slurry remaining in bypass passage 38 is released downhole where it further encases plug 26 for subsequent drilling. Next, upper chamber electronic controller 50a is activated again to drive upper plug release mechanism 28b back to its closed configuration. In this regard, upper chamber electronic controller 50a may be toggled once or multiple times to open and close upper plug release mechanism 28b to release any cement slurry that might be remaining. Preferably during this step, displacement fluid or a flush fluid is pumped through cement head assembly 10 to flush any cement slurry therefrom. In some embodiments, upper plug release mechanism 28b may be opened and closed at least 3 times with the flush fluid passing therethrough.
In this same vein, lower plug release mechanism 28a is actuated via lower electronic controller 50b and cycled at least once and preferably multiple times between opened can closed configurations with flush fluid passing therethrough. In some embodiments, lower plug release mechanism 28a may be opened and closed at least 3 times during this part of the control sequence. Again, preferably displacement fluid or a flush fluid is pumped through cement head assembly 10 as lower plug release mechanism 28a is actuated during this portion of the sequence.
Finally, if they have not already been closed, all cement slurry valves 46 are driven by their respective controllers 50 to a closed position based on a control signal from base station 78. Upper safety valve system 14 and lower valve safety system 16, as well as upper and lower plug release mechanisms 28, to the extent they comprise bore 20, may be left in their open configuration to permit ongoing operations through the top drive.
Dynamic fluid flow through the cement head assembly may be maintained for at least a portion of a cementing operation by opening and closing various valves, releasing plugs, pumping fluids and flushing the cement head so that at fluid flow is maintained during the transition between at least two different fluids during at least a portion of the control sequence. In other words, components of the cement head assembly may be operated to ensure that as flow of one fluid is being suspended, flow a another fluid is being initiated. Thus, in some embodiments, at least two of the steps of opening, releasing, pumping and flushing may occur simultaneously or in near simultaneous succession.
In some embodiments, base station 78 may include a computer system 90 adapted for implementing the cementing method control sequence as described herein in order to maintain dynamic operation of cement head assembly 10 during a cementing process. In some embodiments, the computer system 90 includes at least one processor 92, and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage 94. Software instructions executable by the processor 92 for implementing the control sequence in accordance with the embodiments described herein, may be stored in storage 104. It will also be recognized that the software instructions comprising the control sequence may be loaded into storage 104 from a CD-ROM or other appropriate storage media.
Thus, various embodiments of a cement head system for wellbores have been described. These embodiments of the cement head system may generally include a cement head sub comprising an elongated tubular having an inner bore extending therethrough; a first plug chamber in communication with the inner bore at a select location along the bore; a first plug release system comprising a movable plug release element disposed adjacent the first plug chamber, a first plug release controller operable to move the plug release element from a first position in which the first plug chamber is closed and a second position in which the first plug chamber is open, and visual indicator linked to the movable release element; a first cement slurry valve in fluid communication with the inner bore, the first cement slurry valve comprising a movable valve element, a first slurry valve controller operable to move the valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable valve element; and a control base station in communication with the slurry valve controller and the plug release controller. Likewise, other embodiments of a cement head system for wellbores have been described. These embodiments of a cement head system may generally include a cement head sub comprising an elongated tubular having an inner bore extending therethrough and a fluid bypass passage extending substantially parallel with the bore, the bypass passage having a first port in fluid communication with the bore; a first plug chamber and a second plug chamber, each formed by a portion of the inner bore at distinct select locations along the bore, wherein the first chamber is above the second chamber; a first plug release system adjacent the first chamber and a second plug release system adjacent the second chamber, each plug release system comprising a movable plug release element disposed adjacent the respective plug chamber, a plug release controller operable to move the associated plug release element from a first position in which the associated plug chamber is closed and a second position in which the associated plug chamber is open, and visual indicator linked to the associated movable release element, wherein each movable plug release element is a rotatable cylinder having a radial through bore disposed to substantially align with the inner bore of the cement head sub when the associated movable plug release element is in the second position, the rotable cylinder further including a fluid flow passage therethrough which forms a fluid communication path between the bypass passage and the inner bore when the plug release is in the first position and blocks fluid communication therethrough when first release is in the second position; a first cement slurry valve in fluid communication with the inner bore, the first cement slurry valve comprising a movable valve element, a first slurry valve controller operable to move the valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable valve element; a flipper mechanism mounted adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub, the flipper mechanism comprising a movable visual indicator and a flipper controller operable to move the visual indicator; and a control base station in wireless communication with the slurry valve controller, the flipper controller and the plug release controllers.
For any of the foregoing embodiments, the cement head systems may include any one of the following elements, alone or in combination with each other:
A flipper mechanism mounted adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub, the flipper mechanism comprising a movable extension protruding into the bore at a location below the select location of the first plug chamber, a flipper controller operable to move the arm and visual indicator linked to the movable arm, wherein the flipper controller is in communication with the control base station.
Each of the controllers is in wireless communication with the base station.
A second plug chamber in communication with the inner bore at a select location along the bore; and a second plug release system comprising a movable plug release element disposed adjacent or in proximity to the second plug chamber, a second plug release controller operable to move the plug release element from a first position in which the plug chamber is closed and a second position in which the second plug chamber is open, and visual indicator linked to the movable release element, wherein the second plug release controller is in communication with the control base station.
The cement head sub further comprises a fluid bypass passage extending substantially parallel with the bore, the bypass passage having a first port in fluid communication with the bore above the select location of the first plug chamber.
A movable plug release element of the first plug release system has a fluid flow passage therethrough which forms a fluid communication path between the bypass passage and the bore when the first plug release is in the first position and blocks fluid communication therethrough when first plug release is in the second position.
A first plug chamber comprises a portion of the bore and the movable plug release element is a rotatable cylinder having a radial through bore disposed to substantially align with the bore of the cement head sub when the movable plug release element is in the second position.
A first safety valve system disposed adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub so as to be in fluid communication with the inner bore, the safety valve system comprising a movable safety valve element, a safety valve controller operable to move the movable safety valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable safety valve element, wherein the safety valve controller is in communication with the control base station.
An additional plug chamber in communication with the inner bore at a select location along the bore below the flipper; and an additional plug release system comprising a movable plug release element disposed adjacent or in proximity to the additional plug chamber, an additional plug release controller operable to move the plug release element thereof from a first position in which the additional plug chamber is closed and a second position in which the additional plug chamber is open, and visual indicator linked to the movable release element, wherein the additional plug release controller is in communication with the control base station.
The first safety valve system is disposed above the first plug chamber, the cement head system further comprising a second safety valve system disposed adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub so as to be in fluid communication with the inner bore below the first plug chamber, the second safety valve system comprising a movable safety valve element, a safety valve controller operable to move the movable safety valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable safety valve element, wherein the second safety valve controller is in communication with the control base station.
A cement slurry swivel to which the cement slurry valve is attached, the cement slurry swivel comprising a sleeve rotabably mounted on elongated tubular, the sleeve having a port therein that aligns with a bore of the cement slurry valve, the sleeve having a circumferentially extending cavity defined along a portion of the inner surface of sleeve and in fluid communication with the port, wherein an inlet in fluid communication with the inner bore is defined in the elongated tubular, the inlet in fluid communication with the circumferentially extending cavity.
A second cement slurry valve in fluid communication with the inner bore, the second cement slurry valve comprising a movable valve element, a second slurry valve controller operable to move the valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable valve element, wherein the second cement slurry valve controller is in communication with the control base station.
A first plug disposed in the first plug chamber.
A flipper mechanism mounted adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub, the flipper mechanism comprising a movable visual indicator and, a flipper controller operable to move the visual indicator, wherein the flipper controller is in communication with the control base station.
The visual indicator of the flipper mechanism is operable by a magnetic or RFID trigger mechanism.
A flipper mechanism comprises a movable extension protruding into the bore at a location below the first and second plug chambers.
A first safety valve system and a second safety valve system, each safety valve system disposed adjacent or in proximity to the cement head sub so as to be in fluid communication with the inner bore, and each safety valve system comprising a movable safety valve element, a safety valve controller operable to move the movable safety valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable safety valve element, one of the safety valve system positioned above the first and second plug chambers and the other safety valve system positioned below the flipper mechanism, wherein the safety valve controllers are in communication with the control base station.
A second cement slurry valve in fluid communication with the inner bore, the second cement slurry valve comprising a movable valve element, a second slurry valve controller operable to move the valve element and visual indicator linked to the movable valve element, wherein the second cement slurry valve controller is in communication with the control base station, wherein each of the cement slurry valves is attached to a cement slurry swivel comprising a sleeve rotabably mounted on the elongated tubular, the sleeve having a ports therein that each align with a bore of a cement slurry valve, the sleeve having a circumferentially extending cavity defined along a portion of the inner surface of sleeve and in fluid communication with the ports, wherein an inlet in fluid communication with the inner bore is defined in the elongated tubular, the inlet in fluid communication with the circumferentially extending cavity.
The base station comprises a computer processor and non-transitory storage medium accessible by the processor and cementing control software instructions stored on the storage medium and executable by the processor for: initiating a control sequence with a base station; actuating a first cement slurry valve visual indicator at the cement head by opening a first cement slurry valve to establish fluid communication between the first cement slurry valve and the cement head; releasing a first plug from a first plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a first plug release visual indicator at the cement head; actuating a flipper mechanism visual indicator at the cement head by passing the first plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism; following actuation of the flipper mechanism visual indicator by the first plug, resetting the flipper mechanism visual indicator to an unactuated position; releasing a second plug from a second plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a second plug release visual indicator at the cement head; and actuating the flipper mechanism visual indicator by passing the second plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism.
The base station is a computer implemented system comprising a processor, a non-transitory storage medium accessible by the processor; and cementing control sequence software instructions stored on the storage medium and executable by the processor for: actuating a safety valve visual indicator adjacent the cement head by opening the safety valve positioned below the cement head to establish fluid communication between the safety valve and the cement head; actuating a first cement slurry valve visual indicator at the cement head by opening a first cement slurry valve to establish fluid communication between the first cement slurry valve and the cement head; releasing a first plug from a first plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a first plug release visual indicator at the cement head; actuating a flipper mechanism visual indicator at the cement head by passing the first plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism; pumping cement slurry through the cement slurry valves into the cement head following the first actuation of the flipper mechanism visual indicator; following actuation of the flipper mechanism visual indicator by the first plug, resetting the flipper mechanism visual indicator to an unactuated position; releasing a second plug from a second plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a second plug release visual indicator at the cement head; actuating the flipper mechanism visual indicator by passing the second plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism; once the second plug has been released, pumping a displacement fluid into the cement head; flushing the cement head by using the base station to actuate the second plug release system to drive the second plug release system between a first open plug chamber configuration and a second closed plug configuration while a flush fluid is passed through the cement head, and using the base station to actuate the first plug release system to drive the first plug release system between a first open plug chamber configuration and a second closed plug configuration while the flush fluid is passed through the cement head; and maintaining dynamic fluid flow through the cement head during the transition between at least two different fluids during at least a portion of the control sequence.
A cementing method for a wellbore has been described. Embodiments of the cementing method may include initiating a control sequence with a base station; actuating a first cement slurry valve visual indicator at the cement head by opening a first cement slurry valve to establish fluid communication between the first cement slurry valve and the cement head; releasing a first plug from a first plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a first plug release visual indicator at the cement head; actuating a flipper mechanism visual indicator at the cement head by passing the first plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism; following actuation of the flipper mechanism visual indicator by the first plug, resetting the flipper mechanism visual indicator to an unactuated position; releasing a second plug from a second plug chamber associated with the cement head to actuate a second plug release visual indicator at the cement head; and actuating the flipper mechanism visual indicator by passing the second plug in proximity to the flipper mechanism. For any of the foregoing embodiments, the method may include any one of the following steps, alone or in combination with each other:
Although various embodiments and methods have been shown and described, the disclosure is not limited to such embodiments and methodologies and will be understood to include all modifications and variations as would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Therefore, it should be understood that the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US14/36816 | 5/5/2014 | WO | 00 |
