The present disclosure relates to a centrifugal force pendulum device with pendulum elements which are rotatable around a rotational axis.
Centrifugal force pendulums and their devices are sufficiently known from drive trains of motor vehicles. In this case, a pendulum unit, for example in the form of a pendulum mass carrier, is mounted in a radially fixed and rotatable manner around a rotational axis for example of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, an input shaft of a transmission, or the like. Arranged on the pendulum mass carrier in a distributed manner over the circumference and axially at a distance from said pendulum mass carrier are pendulum elements such as pendulum masses which are suspended in an oscillatory manner in relation to the pendulum mass carrier in a plane which is perpendicular to the rotational axis and to this end form a second pendulum unit. As a result of this oscillating suspension, the pendulum masses form a rotational speed-adaptive torsional oscillation damper in the centrifugal force field of the rotating pendulum mass carrier by the pendulum masses extracting energy from the drive train by corresponding deflection during torque peaks and by feeding energy to the drive train during torque minimums.
For example—as known from WO2014/082629 A1—the pendulum masses can be arranged axially between two side parts, which form the pendulum mass carrier, in a distributed manner over the circumference. The side parts are interconnected in this case by means of connecting means. Alternatively—as known from DE 10 2012 221 949 A1—pendulum elements can be arranged on both sides of the pendulum mass carrier. Axially opposite pendulum elements are in this case interconnected by means of connecting means, forming pendulum masses, wherein the connecting means correspondingly pass through cut out recesses of the pendulum mass carrier.
A centrifugal force pendulum—as disclosed for example with reference to the aforesaid printed documents WO2014/082629 A1, DE 10 2012 221 949 A1—can be provided on a single mass flywheel, for example on a single mass flywheel which is produced from sheet metal. As known for example from printed documents WO2014/023303 A1 and DE 10 2013 201 981 A1, one or more centrifugal force pendulums can be provided on a torsional oscillation damper, on a clutch plate, corresponding to printed document WO2014/114280 A1, on a hydrodynamic torque converter, corresponding to printed document EP 2 600 030 A1, on a housing of a friction clutch or at similar points of the drive train. In this case, the isolation effect is dependent on the mass of the pendulum masses in addition to the oscillation angle. The spatial design is limited by the predetermined installation space of the centrifugal force pendulum.
The object of the present disclosure is the development of a centrifugal force pendulum device. The object of the disclosure is particularly to increase the isolation effect of the centrifugal force pendulum device. The object of the disclosure is particularly to reduce the installation space of the centrifugal force pendulum device. The object of the disclosure is particularly to reduce the number of components which are used.
The proposed centrifugal force pendulum device contains pendulum elements which are rotatable around a rotational axis and are in an axially layered arrangement. Depending on the function of these pendulum elements, these are arranged in a radially fixed manner in relation to the rotational axis and form a carrier such as a pendulum mass carrier. A single pendulum element can form a carrier. Further pendulum elements form pendulum masses which in relation to the rotational axis can be relatively displaced, for example radially and/or circumferentially. A plurality of these pendulum elements are arranged in a distributed manner over the circumference and are mounted on the carrier. Regardless of this division into radially fixed and radially displaceable pendulum elements, at least two axially opposite pendulum elements are interconnected by means of connecting means, forming a first pendulum unit, and at least one pendulum mass element forms a second pendulum unit which is arranged axially between the pendulum elements of the first pendulum unit. The connecting elements pass through recesses of the second pendulum unit.
The mounting of the displaceable pendulum elements on the radially fixed pendulum element(s) is carried out by means of at least one pendulum bearing. The corresponding pendulum elements which are mounted with oscillation capability, such as pendulum masses, are in this case suspended on the carrier eccentrically to the rotational axis in an oscillatory manner for example by means of the pendulum bearings under the effect of the centrifugal force field of this carrier rotating around the rotational axis and under the effect of centrifugal force occupies its working position which is unbalanced as a result of torsional oscillations, absorbing energy, so that a damping effect occurs. The at least one pendulum bearing, preferably two circumferentially spaced apart pendulum bearings, per radially displaceable pendulum unit develop in this case a predetermined pendulum movement which can be configured in the shape of an arc or in almost any other shape, for example can be different from the arc shape, for example can be provided with a reduced radius at the end, such that impacts of the pendulum masses at the maximum oscillation angles are unlikely. The pendulum bearings are formed on the one hand by pendulum roller tracks on the connecting means and on the other hand by pendulum roller tracks which are arranged on the second pendulum unit, wherein in each case a rolling body, for example a pendulum roller, rolls on the pendulum roller tracks per pendulum bearing.
Due to the type and design of the running tracks, the suspension of the pendulum masses is carried out in the simplest case in the sense of a simple pendulum. It has proved to be advantageous, however, to suspend the pendulum masses in each case on the carrier in a bifilar manner on two circumferentially spaced apart pendulum bearings. In this case, a pendulum movement corresponding to a parallel arrangement of the pendulum threads can be provided. Preferably, a pendulum guiding corresponding to a trapezoidal arrangement of the pendulum threads is proposed, in which the pendulum masses additionally execute a self-rotation during the pendulum movement so that additional inertia and therefore an improved isolation effect can be provided.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the first pendulum unit is formed from two side parts which are arranged in a radially fixed manner around the rotational axis and interconnected by means of the connecting means. The side parts form pendulum flanges, produced for example from sheet metal, which in one pendulum section are axially spaced apart. Arranged in this pendulum section, distributed over the circumference, are pendulum elements for example in the form of pendulum masses which in total form the second pendulum unit. The pendulum masses are mounted on the side parts for example by means of two circumferentially spaced apart pendulum bearings. The side parts are axially spaced apart in a fixed manner by means of the connecting means, wherein the connecting means pass through recesses of the pendulum masses and running tracks are machined on the connecting means at the axial height of the pendulum masses. Complementary running tracks, which are radially opposite the running tracks of the connecting means, are formed on the recesses. A rolling body, for example a pendulum roller, rolls between the running tracks.
In an alternative embodiment of the centrifugal force pendulum device, the second pendulum unit is formed from a pendulum flange which is arranged in a radially fixed manner around the rotational axis. Arranged on the pendulum flange in this case is the first pendulum unit which is formed from pendulum elements, such as pendulum masses, which are distributed on both sides on the pendulum flange and over the circumference. In each case two axially opposite pendulum masses are connected in this case by means of one or two connecting means which pass through recesses of the pendulum flange, wherein according to the disclosure the connecting means and the recesses form running tracks which are complementary to each other and on which rolls a rolling body, for example a pendulum roller.
In order to ensure the orientation of the running tracks in relation to each other, the connecting means are introduced into the pendulum elements with angular accuracy. To this end, the end faces of the connecting means can be introduced axially into corresponding openings, where round openings can enable a rotation before the fixing of a set angle. It has been shown to be advantageous if the openings and the end faces are designed to complement each other in a triangular, quadrangular or polygonal manner so that an angular position of the connecting means in relation to the pendulum elements is already fixed with angular accuracy during the joining of these.
The joining process between the connecting means and the relevant pendulum elements is carried out by the connecting means being connected in each case at the ends to the pendulum elements in a frictionally engaging, form-fitting or materially bonding manner.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the centrifugal force pendulum device, the pendulum units which can be displaced in an oscillatory manner have a greater material thickness than the pendulum units which are of a radially fixed design in relation to the rotational axis. As a result of this, the overall mass of the centrifugal force pendulum device is reduced and the damping mass proportion of the centrifugal force pendulum device is increased so that with the same axial installation space the oscillation isolation can be improved or with reduced axial installation space the oscillation isolation can be at least maintained.
As a result of the relocation of the running tracks into the connecting means, the hardness of the associated pendulum elements can be designed in such a way that the pendulum elements which are interconnected by the connecting means have a lower hardness than the connecting means. This means that a hardening, especially a surface hardening, can be limited to the connecting means. Furthermore, the pendulum elements which are interconnected by the connecting means can have a lower rigidity than the connecting means. For example, materials with lower strength than the strength of the connecting means and especially with lower strength than strengths customarily required for pendulum masses or carriers, such as pendulum flanges, can be used for this purpose.
In order to limit the oscillation angles of the pendulum units against each other, for example an oscillation angle of the pendulum masses in relation to the carrier under the influence of torque peaks, provision can be made between the connecting means and the second pendulum unit for stops which limit an oscillation angle of the pendulum units against each other. In order to avoid hard impacts, the stops can have elastic damping elements.
In other words, the object is achieved by an exemplary embodiment of a centrifugal force pendulum with two axially spaced apart pendulum flanges which are arranged in a radially fixed manner around the rotational axis and axially accommodate the pendulum masses between them. Provision can also be made for a single, for example annular, pendulum mass. The object is achieved by the provision of the two functions—the interconnecting of the pendulum flanges on the one hand and the provision of the pendulum track on the other hand—in one and the same element. The pendulum flanges which are arranged on both sides of the pendulum masses and carry the pendulum masses are connected with the aid of connecting means, such as a connecting element, which in each case is extended through a cutout or recess of the pendulum mass.
In its region which lies axially between the pendulum flanges, such as a pendulum section, a running track, such as a pendulum roller track, is incorporated into the connecting element. This pendulum roller track on the connecting element is oppositely disposed to a running track, such as a pendulum roller track, which is associated with the pendulum flanges so that the pendulum roller tracks which are connected to the pendulum flanges axially overlap with the pendulum roller tracks of the pendulum mass. The rolling body, such as a pendulum roller, which imparts a relative movement of the pendulum mass in relation to the pendulum flanges is arranged between the pendulum roller tracks of the connecting element and the pendulum mass.
Since the pendulum flanges themselves do not provide roller tracks, and therefore are not subjected to the high surface pressure of the rolling pendulum rollers, the pendulum flanges can be designed with a reduced material thickness in order to therefore achieve a further installation space reduction, and/or to produce these from a more cost-effective material with lower strength and/or hardness.
The handling of the small connecting element for the production of the pendulum roller track with suitable strength and hardness is simpler than the handling of the pendulum flanges for the same purpose.
The gain in installation space by reducing the material thickness of the pendulum flanges can also be partially or totally utilized when required in order to increase the masses of the pendulum masses and therefore the restoring force of the centrifugal force pendulum by the selection of greater material thicknesses of the pendulum masses.
A further possible advantage also exists in the reduction of the overall mass inertia moment of the centrifugal force pendulum since the mass inertia moments of the components which do not serve for increasing the restoring force can be reduced in a targeted manner for example by saving of the connecting elements and by reducing the sheet thicknesses of the pendulum flanges.
A further advantage results from the shortening of the pendulum roller length since the pendulum roller rolls on the same axial region of the pendulum roller shell both on the roller track which is connected to the pendulum flange and on the roller track which is connected to the pendulum mass and only needs to have the axial length of the wider pendulum roller track of the pendulum mass and the connecting element.
Since the pendulum rollers are arranged between two pendulum flanges no special measures have to be adopted in order to secure the pendulum rollers in the axial direction.
The ends of the connecting element can be connected in each case to a pendulum flange by pressing into openings, such as cutouts, of the pendulum flanges which are correspondingly provided for this. Alternatively, the end of the connecting element, which is pushed in or pushed through the cutout of the pendulum flange, can be connected by its end region to the pendulum flange by means of a welded joint. To this end, it can be provided that the cutout in the pendulum flange which accommodates the end of the connecting element is widened on its side facing the end-face end region of the connecting element for accommodating the weld material.
Alternatively, in the case of selecting a combined push-in and riveted connection or push-in and caulked joint as a connecting possibility, such a widening serves for accommodating a rivet head, which is formed from the end region of the end of the connecting element, or for accommodating displaced caulking material. A further possibility of producing a caulked joint is a local plastic deformation, preferably in the pendulum flanges, and a displacement of the material into an undercut of the connecting element, for example a notch, as a result of which an axial securing is achieved.
The connecting element, on the sides of its external contour which do not provide the pendulum roller track, in conjunction with the wall of the pendulum mass cutout, can serve as a stop for the pendulum masses in the oscillation end region. To this end, the connecting element can be connected to an elastic element, for example a spring element, and/or can be encompassed by elastic material, for example by a rubber reinforcement, in order to lessen the impact for the purpose of wear and noise reduction.
In summary, by integrating the function of providing the pendulum roller tracks which are connected to the pendulum flanges into the connecting element which is provided for interconnecting the pendulum flanges, a more compact centrifugal force pendulum with reduced installation space, parts, material, production time and cost can be provided and as a result of a smaller mass inertia moment and a higher restoring force offers advantages with regard to fuel consumption or oscillation isolation.
The proposed centrifugal force pendulum device or a centrifugal force pendulum, in addition to a separate application in conjunction with a drive train, is suitable as a component in devices such as a torsional oscillation damper, a double clutch, a hydrodynamic torque converter outside and/or inside the converter shell, a friction clutch, a clutch plate and/or a flywheel. The centrifugal force pendulum device is integrated in this case into the corresponding devices. The corresponding devices are therefore expressly covered by the present disclosure.
The present disclosure is explained in more detail based on the exemplary embodiments shown in
The pendulum elements 2, 3 axially accommodate the pendulum elements 4 between them and are connected in an axially fixed manner by means of the connecting means 9. To this end, the connecting means 9 pass through recesses 10 or cutouts of the pendulum elements 4 and are pressed and/or introduced in each case by the end into openings 11 of the pendulum elements 2, 3 with angular accuracy and then fixedly connected to the pendulum elements for example by welding, caulking, riveting or in another manner. In the depicted exemplary embodiment, openings 11 and end-face end regions 16 of the connecting means 9 are of rectangular design for the establishing of the angularly accurate forming of the connection. Formed on the connecting means 9, radially on the inside, at the axial height of the pendulum elements 4, is the pendulum roller track 13 which with the complementary pendulum roller track 14 of the recesses 10 and the rolling bodies 15 form a pendulum bearing 12 in each case. By forming the pendulum bearings 12 between connecting means 9 and the pendulum elements 4, the pendulum flanges 5, 6 can be of an axially narrower design with lower strength and lower hardness. Furthermore, the hardening processes of the connecting means 9 can be better implemented than on the pendulum flanges 5, 6. Ensuing as a result of this inter alia are advantages in the production, in the production costs and also, as a result of an improved isolation effect, in the centrifugal force pendulum device 1 since this overall has less mass inertia and an improved ratio between the oscillating, and therefore damping, mass of the pendulum elements 4 and the total mass. Furthermore, advantages can be achieved by reducing the material thickness of the pendulum flanges 5, 6 and/or by increasing the material thickness of the pendulum elements 4 with a comparable or reduced axial installation space of the centrifugal force pendulum device 1.
1 Centrifugal force pendulum device
1
a Centrifugal force pendulum device
1
b Centrifugal force pendulum device
2 Pendulum element
2
b Pendulum element
3 Pendulum element
4 Pendulum element
4
a Pendulum element
4
b Pendulum element
5 Pendulum flange
5
a Pendulum flange
5
b Pendulum flange
6 Pendulum flange
6
a Pendulum flange
7 Pendulum unit
7
b Pendulum unit
8 Pendulum unit
8
b Pendulum unit
9 Connecting means
9
a Connecting means
9
b Connecting means
10 Recess
10
b Recess
11 Opening
12 Pendulum bearing
12
b Pendulum bearing
13 Pendulum roller track
13
b Pendulum roller track
14 Pendulum roller track
14
b Pendulum roller track
15 Rolling body
15
b Rolling body
16 End region
17
a Collar
18
a Widening
19
a Material
20 Stop
B-B Line of intersection
d Rotational axis
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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102015215269.3 | Aug 2015 | DE | national |
This application is the U.S. National Phase of PCT Appln. No. PCT/DE2016/200369 filed Aug. 10, 2016, which claims priority to German Application No. 10 2015 215 269.3 filed Aug. 11, 2015, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/DE2016/200369 | 8/10/2016 | WO | 00 |