Latin name of genus and species of plant claimed: Cercis canadensis.
Variety denomination: ‘NC2017-92’.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of Cercis plant botanically known as Cercis canadensis and hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name ‘NC2017-92’.
The new cultivar originated in a controlled breeding program in Raleigh, North Carolina in March 2011.
The new Cercis cultivar is the result of a controlled cross wherein two parents were crossed which previously had been studied in the hope that they would contribute the desired characteristics. The female parent (i.e., the seed parent) of the new cultivar was Cercis ‘JN2’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 21,451, and is characterized by its purple-colored flowers, standard growth habit, and large foliage with gold to chartreuse foliage color. The male parent (i.e., the pollen parent) of the new cultivar is Cercis ‘Ace of Hearts’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,161, and is characterized by its violet-colored flowers, compact growth habit, and small green leaves.
The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows:
‘JN2’ x ‘Ace of Hearts’
F1 seedlings were transferred to a field isolation block in Fall 2012 at the Sandhills Research Station in Jackson Springs, NC. F1 trees were intermated using natural pollinators, and F2 seed was harvested in August 2015. F2 seed was acid scarified on Dec. 4, 2015 and subsequently cool stratified for about 7 weeks before sowing in winter 2016. The new cultivar was selected out of this F2 progeny for its light, purple-colored flowers, small and bright gold colored foliage, and moderately slow growing, highly branched and compact growth habit in summer 2016 in a controlled environment in Jackson Springs, North Carolina.
The new variety has been found to undergo asexual propagation in Belvidere, Tennessee by chip budding. This asexual reproduction has demonstrated that the new cultivar reproduces true to type with all of the characteristics, as herein described, firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of such asexual propagation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The following characteristics of the new cultivar have been repeatedly observed and can be used to distinguish ‘NC2017-92’ as a new and distinct cultivar of Cercis plant:
- (a) Light, Purple-colored flowers,
- (b) Small and bright gold-colored foliage; and
- (c) Moderately slow growing, highly branched and compact growth habit.
The new variety of the present invention can readily be distinguished from its ancestors. More specifically, plants of ‘JN2’ (i.e., the seed parent) display a less compact growth habit and a larger leaf size compared to the new variety. In addition, plants of ‘Ace of hearts’ (i.e., the pollen parent) display green colored foliage, whereas plants of the new variety display gold colored foliage.
Moreover, the new variety can be readily distinguished from other similar non-parental varieties. Of the many commercially available Cercis cultivars, the most similar in comparison to the new cultivar is ‘Hearts of Gold’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,740. However, plants of the new cultivar differ from plants of ‘Hearts of Gold’ in at least the following characteristic:
- 1. Plants of the new cultivar have a more compact growth habit than plants of ‘Hearts of Gold’.
- 2. Plants of the new cultivar have shorter internodes than plants of ‘Hearts of Gold’.
- 3. Plants of the new cultivar have a smaller leaf size than plants of ‘Hearts of Gold’.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS
The accompanying photographs show, as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make the same in color illustrations of this type, typical growth habit, flowering and foliage characteristics of the new cultivar. Colors in the photographs differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed description, which accurately describes the colors of ‘NC2017-92’. The plants in the photographs were taken at the Sandhills Research Station in Jackson Springs, NC.
FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a plant of ‘NC2017-92’, taken on Jun. 11, 2020.
FIG. 2 illustrates a close-up view of the foliage of a plant of ‘NC2017-92’, taken on Aug. 6, 2018.
FIG. 3 illustrates a close-up view of flowers of a plant of ‘NC2017-92’, image taken Mar. 28, 2022.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
The new cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length, without, however, any variance in genotype.
The chart used in the identification of colors described herein is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society, London, England, 2015 edition, except where general color terms of ordinary significance are used.
The following descriptions and measurements describe plants produced from chip budding and grown outside in Cochranville, Pennsylvania. Plants were approximately three years of age. Measurements and numerical values represent averages of typical plants.
- Botanical classification: Cercis canadensis cultivar NC2017-92.
- Parentage:
- Female parent.—Cercis ‘JN2’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 21,451.
- Male parent.—Cercis ‘Ace of Hearts’, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,161.
- Propagation:
- Plant description:
- Type.—Deciduous perennial tree.
- Growth habit and general appearance.—Moderately slow growing and compact tree.
- Commercial crop time.—Approximately 1.5 years from budding to finish as a 2 to 3-foot tree.
- Hardiness.—USDA Zone 6b.
- Size.—Height of 3-year-old tree: Approximately 4.8 feet. Width: Approximately 5.4 feet.
- Trunk.—Texture: slightly rough. Color: N199B.
- Branches.—Densely branched. Branching habit: multi-branching. Strength: Moderately strong. Diameter of one-year old growth: Approximately 4.0 mm. Stem Length of one-year old shoots: 25.5 cm. Internode length: 1.6 cm on average. Stem Shape: Circular. Growth pattern: slightly zigzag, deviating less than 5 degrees from vertical at each node. Texture of new growth: Slightly rugose. Color of young stem: 197A. Color of mature stem: previous seasons growth is N199A. Lenticel: numerous, tiny. Lenticel length: Less than 1.0 mm. Lenticel shape: circular to slightly elongate. Lenticel color: 197C.
- Foliage description:
- General description.—Type: Deciduous. Arrangement: Alternate.
- Leaves.—Shape of mature leaves: Cordate. Apex: Distinctly pointed. Base: Cordate. Margin: Entire. Length to base of sinus: Approximately 5.0 cm. Length to end of lobe: Approximately 6.0 cm. Sinus indentation: Approximately 0.8 cm. Width: Approximately 5.2 cm. Texture of upper and lower surfaces: Slightly rugose. Venation pattern: Reticulate. Color of upper surface of mature foliage: 144A with indistinguishable venation. Color of under surface of mature foliage: 147C with venation of 147B. Color of upper and lower surfaces of immature foliage: 151A with indistinguishable venation. Fragrance: None detected.
- Petiole.—Length: Approximately 2.5 cm. Diameter: Approximately 1.0 mm. Texture: Smooth, glabrous. Color: N144A.
- Flowering description:
- Flowering season.—Flowers in early spring for about 2-3 weeks depending on weather conditions.
- General description.—Form: Fasicle. Flower Arrangement: Sessile clusters. Symmetry: Bilateral symmetry. Type: Papilionaceous. Quantity per cluster: 5 per cluster on average. Flower length: 7.0 mm on average. Flower width across wings at anthesis: 4.0 mm on average. Flower depth (bottom of keel petals to top of wings): 4.0 mm on average. Fragrance: None noticeable.
- Bud just before opening.—Shape: slightly elongate. Diameter: Approximately 2.0 mm. Length: Approximately 4.0 mm. Color: Between 75B and 75A towards the apex. Texture: Glabrous.
- Petals.—Quantity: 5, unfused. Texture of upper and lower surfaces: Glabrous. Color of banner, wings, and keel base when first and fully open: N74D. Color of keel tip when first and fully open: 73D. Banner length: 6.0 mm. Banner diameter (at midsection): 3.0 mm. Wing length: 6.0 mm. Wing diameter (at midsection): 3.0 mm. Keel length: 5.0 mm. Keel diameter (at midsection): 3.0 mm. Apex shape for banner, wing, and keel: Rounded. Base shape for banner, wing, and keel: narrow. Margin for banner, wing, and keel: Entire.
- Calyx.—Shape: vase-shaped. Diameter: Approximately 2.0 mm at top of hypanthium. Length: Approximately 3.0 mm. Color of outer surface: N77B. Texture of inner and outer surfaces: Glabrous.
- Sepals.—Arrangement: Fused. Length: Approximately 2.0 mm. Diameter: 3.0 mm at tip, 1.0 mm at base. Length: 2.0 mm. Color: N77B.
- Pedicel.—Strength: Strong. Shape: Round. Length: Approximately 7.0 mm. Diameter: Less than 1.0 mm. Texture: Glabrous. Color: N77B.
- Reproductive organs.—Androecium: Stamen quantity per flower: 10 on average, unfused. Stamen length: Approximately 5.0 mm. Stamen width: Less than 1.0 mm. Anther shape: Round. Anther color: N77A. Filament length: Approximately 5.0 mm. Filament width: Less than 1.0 mm. Filament color: N155C. Pollen amount: Sparse. Pollen color: 11B. Gynoecium: Pistil length: Approximately 5.0 mm on average. Pistil width: Less than 1.0 mm. Pistil texture: Glabrous. Stigma shape: Round. Stigma color: 67A. Stigma length: Less than 1.0 mm. Stigma width: Less than 1.0 mm. Style shape: Round. Style width: Less than 1.0 mm. Style color: 64A. Ovary position: Superior. Ovary shape: Elongate. Ovary length: Less than 1.0 mm. Ovary width: Less than 1.0 mm. Ovary color: 67A.
- Seed production.—None observed to date.
- Disease and pest resistance.—Plants of the new Cercis have not been noted to be resistant to pathogens and pests common to Cercis.
Patent Grant
PP36009
