Patent Application
20130181675
The present invention relates to a charge control device for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a charge control device for an electric vehicle capable of coping even with a case of connecting any one of a normal charger and a fast charger to a vehicle, and capable of making usability of a user satisfactory.
In an electric vehicle using a motor driven by voltage input from an electric accumulator (a battery) as a driving source, in a normal charger and a fast charger for charging the battery, supplied currents are different from each other. Accordingly, in order to use both with connection, a charge control device separately provided with a normal charger terminal and a fast charger terminal is used (Patent Literature 1).
Patent Literature 1: JP 3267039 B1
The charge control device disclosed in Patent Literature 1 can connect any one of the normal charger and the fast charger, which is convenient. However, charging terminals are separately provided only for the normal charger and the fast charger, the number of components is thereby increased, and thus a cost of the charge control device is increased. In addition, in an electric two-wheeled vehicle employing a form of mounting a charger, differently from four-wheeled vehicle, a disposition space is further restricted. Accordingly, considering the degree of freedom of layout, it is difficult to secure the mount space of the charger.
In addition, when the normal charging terminal and the fast charging terminal are separately provided, determination to select a terminal is necessary to connect a charging plug to the terminal, and thus it is thought that a user feels trouble. In addition, since the fast charger charges a battery using current larger than that of the normal charger, there are problems that the fast charger terminal with large capacity has to be used and a cost is raised.
Considering the technical problems of the related art, an object of the invention is to provide a charge control device for an electric vehicle capable of raising the degree of freedom of layout at the time of being mounted on the vehicle by reducing the number of components and capable of improving usability of a user.
To achieve the above objects, the present invention has a first feature in that a charge control device for an electric vehicle that is connected to one of a normal charger or a fast charger that performs charging with power capacity higher than that of the normal charger by a charging coupler, and supplies power necessary for charging to a battery supplying current to a motor that is a driving source of the electric vehicle when the normal charger or the fast charger is connected by the charging coupler, wherein the normal charger is provided with a first charging circuit, wherein the fast charger is provided with a second charging circuit in parallel with the first charging circuit in addition to the first charging circuit, supplies one power with the same capacity as that of the normal charger out of powers necessary for fast charging from the first charging circuit, and supplies the other from the second charging circuit, wherein the charging coupler is provided with a first terminal connected to the first charging circuit and a second terminal connected to the second charging circuit, and wherein the first terminal serves as a common terminal connected to the first charging circuit of the normal charger and the fast charger, is connected in parallel with the second terminal, and is connected to the battery.
The present invention has a second feature in that the charging coupler accommodates both of the first terminal and the second terminal.
The present invention has a third feature in that the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit have the same rated power together.
The present invention has a fourth feature in that the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit have outputs of direct-current specifications together. The present invention has a fifth feature in that he charging coupler is provided with a temperature sensor for each of the first terminal and the second terminal.
The present invention has a sixth feature in that diodes connected in a forward direction with respect to voltage applied by the first charging circuit and second charging circuit are provided on power lines connected between the first terminal and the second terminal and the battery, respectively.
The present invention has a seventh feature in that the charge control device for an electric vehicle comprising: switching units that are disposed at a space to the charging coupler on output power lines of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit; and a switching unit driving unit that outputs a driving signal of driving both of the switching units or only the switching unit on the output power line of the first charging circuit according to whether any one of the fast charger or normal charger is connected to the charging coupler, and inhibits the outputting of the driving signal so as not to drive the switching units when both of the fast charger and normal charger are not connected to the charging coupler.
The present invention has a eighth feature in that the charge control device for an electric vehicle comprising: a reference voltage forming unit that forms reference voltage different according to whether any one of the fast charger or normal charger is connected to the charging coupler; and an abnormal voltage forming unit that forms abnormal voltage different from the reference voltage when both of the fast charger or normal charger are not connected to the charging coupler, wherein the switching unit driving unit drives the switching units when detecting the reference voltage, and does not drive the switching units when detecting the abnormal voltage.
The present invention has a ninth feature in that the charge control device for an electric vehicle comprising: a contactor that is disposed on power lines connected between the first terminal and the second terminal and the battery; a reference voltage forming unit that forms reference voltage different according to whether any one of the fast charger or normal charger is connected to the charging coupler; and a battery management unit that outputs a reference voltage detection signal when detecting the reference voltage, to turn on the contact by supply of the reference voltage detection signal.
The present invention has a tenth feature in that the first terminal has a plus side power line and a minus side power line, wherein the second terminal has a plus side power line and a minus side power line, and wherein the charge control device for electric vehicle includes a contactor that is disposed on power lines connected between the first terminal and the second terminal and the battery, a detection circuit that detects a short circuit between the plus side power line and the minus side power line of the first terminal, a short circuit between the plus side power line of the first terminal and the minus side power line of the second terminal, a short circuit between the plus side power line and the minus side power line of the second terminal, a short circuit between the plus side power line of the second terminal and the minus side power line of the first terminal, and a contactor opening and closing unit that turns off the contactor in response to a short-circuit detection signal output when the detection circuit detects the short circuit.
The present invention has a eleventh feature in that the detection circuit including a resistor that connects positive side power lines connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the power lines connected between the first terminal and the second terminal and the battery, a resistor that connects negative side power lines connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, and a photo-coupler that is formed of a light emitting element connected in parallel with the power line connected to the first terminal, and a light receiving element provided as a pair with the light emitting element, wherein the contactor opening and closing unit turns off the contactor in response to a turning-on operation of the light emitting element.
The present invention has a twelfth feature in that when the short circuit is detected by the detection circuit, alarm units based on an indicator or a speaker is operated.
According to the first feature, a normal charger is provided with a first charging circuit, a fast charger is provided with a second charging circuit in parallel with the first charging circuit in addition to the first charging circuit, supplies one power with the same capacity as that of the normal charger out of powers necessary for fast charging from the first charging circuit, and supplies the other from the second charging circuit, a charging coupler is provided with a first terminal connected to the first charging circuit and a second terminal connected to the second charging circuit, and the first terminal serves as a common terminal connected to the first charging circuit of the normal charger and the fast charger, is connected in parallel with the second terminal, and is connected to a battery. Therefore, it is possible to lower the power capacity of the first terminal and the second terminal, it is possible to reduce a cost. In addition, even in any case of normal charging and fast charging, it is possible to use a common charging coupler. Accordingly, even when any one of the normal charger and the fast charger is used, it is enough for a user to connect a single charging coupler, so that complication of an operation is resolved and it is possible to prevent the charge control device from being large.
According to the second feature, when the charging connector is mounted on a vehicle, a space or the number of processes for individually installing both of the normal charger and the fast charger is not necessary.
According to the third feature, even in a case of fast charging, it may be a charging coupler including a terminal with low capacity. That is, since the first terminal and the second terminal may be commonly used as normal charging with low capacity, improvement of general versatility may be expected.
According to the fourth feature, even in any case of normal charging and fast charging, it is not necessary to provide an AC-DC converter on a battery side from the charging coupler, that is, on a vehicle side.
According to the fifth feature, even in a fast charger provided with a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit and provided with a plurality of sets of power lines, it is possible to measure a temperature of a terminal connected to each power line, and it is possible to detect a temperature very suitable to reduce an influence of a high temperature acting on the charging connector.
According to the sixth feature, even when the charging coupler is detached, battery voltage is not represented between the charging coupler and the battery by providing a diode.
According to the seventh and eighth features, even when a charge start operation is performed before the charging coupler is connected after a commercial power supply is connected to the charger side as charging, the switching unit does not perform an turning-on operation, and the output voltage of the charger is not represented on the charger side of the first terminal and the second terminal of the charging coupler.
According to the ninth feature, the battery management unit turns on the contactor when the reference voltage is detected. Accordingly, when the charging coupler deviates during charging, the contactor is turned off, and the connection between the first terminal and the second terminal and the battery is cut off.
According to the tenth and eleventh features, the contactor may be turned off, when a short circuit occurs between the plus side power line and the minus side power line of the first terminal, between the plus side power line of the first terminal and the minus side power line of the second terminal, between the plus side power line and the minus side power line of the second terminal, and between the plus side power line of the second terminal and the minus side power line of the first terminal.
According to the twelfth feature, it is possible to effectively notify the occurrence of the short circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal to a rider of a vehicle.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A front fork 2 that supports a front wheel WF is steerably supported by the head pipe 31. A steering wheel 46 having an accelerator grip is connected to an upper portion of a steering shaft 41 extending upward from the front fork 2 and supported by the head pipe 31. The steering wheel 46 is provided with a throttle sensor 23 that detects a rotation angle of the accelerator grip, that is, an accelerator pedal position.
A bracket 37 formed of a pipe is coupled with a front portion of the head pipe 31. A head light 25 is mounted on a front end portion of the bracket 37, and a front carrier 26 that is supported by the bracket 37 is provided upside the head light 25.
A bracket 34 that extends toward the rear of the vehicle body is joined with a middle area of the vehicle body frame 3 between the main frame portion 33 and the rear frame portion 36. The bracket 34 is provided with a pivot shaft 35 that extends in the vehicle body width direction, and a swing arm 17 is supported swingably up and down by the pivot shaft 35. The swing arm 17 is provided with a motor 18 as a vehicle driving source. Power of the motor 18 is transferred to a rear wheel vehicle shaft 19, and drives a rear wheel WR supported by the rear wheel vehicle shaft 19. A housing including the rear wheel vehicle shaft 19 and the rear frame portion 36 are connected by a rear suspension 20.
The bracket 34 is provided with a side stand 24 that supports the vehicle body during stopping of the vehicle. The side stand 24 has a side stand switch 28 that outputs a detection signal when the side stand 24 is housed at a predetermined position.
A main battery 4 with high voltage (for example, rated 72 V) formed of a plurality of battery cells is mounted on the main frame portion 33, and the upper portion of the main battery 4 is covered with a cover 40. An air introduction pipe 38 is connected to the front portion of the main battery 4, and an intake fan 39 is provided at the rear portion of the main battery 4. The air is introduced from the air introduction pipe 38 to the main battery 4 by the intake fan 39, and the air cools the main battery 4 and then is discharged to the rear of the vehicle body. The air may be introduced to the air introduction pipe 38 through an air cleaner (not illustrated).
A socket 44, to which a plug 43 of a charging cable 42 extending from a charger (to be described below) charging the main battery 4 is connectable, is provided above the rear frame portion 36. A rear carrier 29 and a taillight 27 are further provided at the rear frame portion 36.
A luggage compartment 50 is provided between a pair of left and right rear frame portions 36, and a sub-battery 5 with low voltage (for example, rated 12 V) charged by the main battery 4 is accommodated in a luggage compartment bottom 51 protruding downward from the luggage compartment 50. The swing arm 17 is provided with a power drive unit (PDU) 45 that controls the motor 18.
A driver seat 21 also serving as a cover of the luggage compartment 50 is provided above the luggage compartment 50, and the driver seat 21 is provided with a seat switch 22 that is operated when a driver sits on a seat to output a seating signal.
The charger 10 and the power supply device 11 are connected by first power lines PL1 and PL2, second power lines PL3 and PL4, an auxiliary power line PL5, signal lines SL1 and SL2, and an earth line EL, through the charging coupler 13. The power lines PL1 and PL3 are plus lines, and the power lines PL2 and PL4 are minus lines. The charging coupler 13 is provided with a normal charging terminal (a first terminal) TA1 and a fast charging terminal (a second terminal) TA2. The first terminal TA1 connects the first power lines PL1 and PL2 to a down regulator 6 when the plug 43 is connected to the socket 44. The second terminal TA2 connects the second power lines PL3 and PL4 to the down regulator 6 when the plug 43 is connected to the socket 44.
The charger 10 includes, for example, a 2-system first charging power generating unit (a first charging circuit) 52 that is connected to an AC plug 15 connected to a commercial AC power system, a second charging power generating unit (a second charging circuit) 53, and an auxiliary power generating unit 54. In addition, the charger 10 is provided with a controller 9 as a charge control unit that controls powers of the first charging power generating unit 52, the second charging power generating unit 53, and the auxiliary power generating unit 54. The charge control unit 9 includes a controller IC and an interface (I/F) circuit. The charge control unit 9 is connected to a charge start/stop switch 12.
As illustrated in
The first charging power generating unit 52 includes a PFC circuit 56 as a power factor improvement circuit connected to the AC plug 15, a converter 60 that is connected to the output side of the PFC circuit 56, and an FET 58 that controls the output of the converter 60. The second charging power generating unit 53 includes a PFC circuit 59, a converter 57 that is connected to the output side of the PFC circuit 59, and an FET 61 that controls the output of the converter 57.
Similarly, the auxiliary power generating unit 54 includes a converter 62 that is connected to the output side of the PFC circuit 56, and an FET 63 that controls the output of the converter 62. The converters 60 and 57 generate DC voltage of, for example, 72 V, and the converter 62 generates low voltage (for example, DC 12 V) usable as control power.
The power supply device 11 provided on the vehicle side is provided with a down regulator 6 and the main battery 4, to which the first power lines PL1 and PL2 and the second power lines PL3 and PL4 are led. In addition, the main battery 4 is provided with a battery management unit (BMU) 7, and a vehicle side control unit (PDU) 45 that controls the charger 10. The DC output voltage of the main battery 4 is converted into 3-phase AC voltage through an inverter circuit (not illustrated) provided in the PDU 45, and is applied to the motor 18 (see
On the power supply device 11, the positive side power lines PL1 and PL3 and the negative side power lines PL2 and PL4 introduced through the first terminal TA1 and the second terminal TA2 of the charging coupler 13 are integrated into a common circuit portion each formed of one plus (positive side) power line PLp and one minus (negative side) line PLn. A contactor 8 is provided on the integrated plus (positive side) line PLp.
The down regulator 6 is provided with a converter 67 that is connected to the power lines PLp and PLn in parallel, and an FET 68 that is connected to the power line PLn in series. The converter 67 converts the input voltage (72 V) into, for example, charging voltage of the sub-battery 5, and outputs the voltage.
The BMU 7 monitors a charge state of the main battery 4. The PDU 45 and the BMU 7 are connected by a CAN communication line, and the charge state (overcharge information or the like) of the main battery 4 or control information of the main battery 4 according thereto is transmitted and received. In addition, a signal for turning on or off the contactor 8 may be transmitted from the PDU 45 to the BMU 7 through the CAN communication line. A signal line other than the CAN communication line may be used. Detection information of the thermistor 14, that is, a temperature of the coupler 13 detected by the thermistor 14 is input to the PDU 45. The PDU 45 and the charge control unit 9 of the charger 10 are connected by the signal lines SL1 and SL2.
In order to charge the main battery 4 by the charger 10, the AC plug 15 is connected to an AC outlet (an output unit of a commercial power system). Accordingly, the input voltage from the AC plug 15 is converted into predetermined DC voltage (for example, 12 V) by the converter 62, and is applied to the charge control unit 9. When the charge start/stop switch 12 is switched to the charge start side, the charge control unit 9 inputs a gate signal to the FET 63 of the auxiliary power generating unit 54. Accordingly, the auxiliary power voltage is applied to the power supply device 11 through the power line PL5. The FET 68 of the down regulator 6, the BMU 7, and PDU 45 are biased by the auxiliary power voltage (12 V).
The PDU 45 communicates with the BMU 7 to recognize the charge state of the main battery 4, and inputs a charge permission signal to the charge control unit 9 through the signal line SL1 if charge is possible. When the charge permission signal is input, the charge control unit 9 inputs a gate signal to each of the FETs 58 and 61 of the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 to generate charging power (for example, voltage 72 V). On-time duties of FETs 58 and 61 are controlled by a state of the main battery 4 input from the PDU 45 to the charge control unit 9.
The voltage from the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 is applied to the main battery 4 through the contactor 8, and the main battery 4 is charged. The voltage from the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 drops down into, for example, 12 V by the converter 67 in the down regulator 6, and is used to charge the sub-battery 5. In addition, the voltage dropped down by the converter 67 may be applied to auxiliary machines including the head light 25 or a lamp such as a winker lamp, as well as applied to charge the sub-battery 5.
The temperature information of the charging coupler 13 detected by the thermistor 14 is input to the PDU 45, and the PDU 45 determines whether or not the temperature of the charging coupler 13 reaches a predetermined high temperature using a function of a microcomputer provided therein. When it is determined that the charging coupler 13 reaches the predetermined high temperature, the PDU 45 transmits an instruction (a current switching signal) of decreasing the charging voltage to the charge control unit 9 through the signal line SL2. The charge control unit 9 receiving the instruction outputs a control signal of reducing only the charging current while keeping the charging voltage, to the converter 57 or 60. When the charge amount of the main battery 4 is sufficient, the charging may be stopped by causing the on-time duties of the FETs 58 and 61 to be zero. In such a manner, it is possible to suppress overheating in the socket 44. The PDU 45 has a temperature information determination function, and a communication function for transmitting the current switching signal to the charge control unit 9 using the signal line SL2.
Disposition of the thermistor 14 will be described.
Meanwhile, the terminals T5 and T8 are connected to the auxiliary power line PL5 extending toward the vehicle and the signal lines SL1, SL2, and EL3, respectively. The terminals are divided by insulating walls 70. As described above, the socket 44 is divided into a high voltage area 71 where the high voltage power line terminals T1 to T4 are disposed, and the low voltage area 72 where the auxiliary power terminal T5 and the signal terminals T6 to T8 are disposed.
As illustrated in
A gap (an insulating gap) 73 is provided between the high voltage area 71 and the low voltage area 72 including the signal line terminals T6 to T8. On both sides of the gap 73, that is, at a portion where the high voltage area 71 and the low voltage area 72 are confronted, an insulation wall 70 of the minus power line terminals T2 and T4 and an insulating wall 70 of the terminals T5 and T6 are positioned. By such disposition, the low voltage area 72 does not easily receive an influence of heat from the high voltage area 71 where the temperature increase is relatively large or an influence based on leak from the power line with respect to the signal line.
The socket 44 is provided with a flange 74 protruding from a circumferential wall portion 73 of the terminal accommodation portion to the outer circumference, and is fixed on the rear frame portion 36 of the vehicle body frame 3 by bolts or the like using two installation holes 75 and 75 provided in the flange 74. The bracket 76 provided throughout the circumferential wall portion 73 and the flange 74 forms a support portion of a shaft for pivotally supporting a cover (not illustrated) to be openable and closable, which is capable of covering the upside of the circumferential wall portion 73 of the terminal accommodation portion.
Hereinafter, operations of the invention will be described in division of a case where the normal charger is connected using the charging coupler 13 and a case where the fast charger is connected using the charging coupler 13.
First, a charging operation based on the charger 10 as the normal charger having no second charging power generating unit 53 will be described. After connecting the plug 43 of the charger 10 that is the normal charger to the socket 44 on the vehicle side, the AC plug 15 is connected to the commercial power supply (for example, in the normal charger, AC power supply 100 V). Thereafter, the charge start/stop switch 12 is turned on, and the charging operation is thereby started.
The controller 9 is set in advance to output the reference voltage (for example, 2 V) when the normal charger is connected, and the reference voltage is supplied to the PDU 45 on the vehicle side through the current switching signal SL2 by the turning-on of the charge start/stop switch 12. Accordingly, the PDU 45 (the vehicle side) can recognize that the normal charger is connected, and can perform the charge management of the main battery 4 according to the normal charging.
The voltage from the commercial power supply is subjected to power factor improvement in the PFC circuit 56, is converted into 72 V (3.2 A) that is the rated voltage of the main battery 4 by the converter 60, is supplied to the normal charger terminal TA1 through the FET 58, and is supplied to the main battery 4 through the power lines PLp and PLn, as the charging voltage. That is, when the charger 10 is the normal charger, the second charging power generating unit 53 is not present, and thus only the power of 3.2 A is supplied from only the first charging power generating unit 52 to the main battery 4.
Next, a charging operation based on the charger 10 as the fast charger provided with both of the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 will be described. After connecting the plug 43 of the charger 10 as the fast charger to the socket 44 on the vehicle side, the AC plug 15 is connected to the commercial power supply (for example, in the fast charger, AC power supply 200 V). In the case of the fast charger, the charger 10 is provided with the second charging power generating unit 53. Accordingly, the power from the commercial power supply is supplied from the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 to the first terminal TA1 that is the normal charging terminal and the second terminal TA2 that is the fast charging terminal, respectively. As described above, the first charging power generating unit 52 and the second charging power generating unit 53 have the same voltage and current rating. The reference voltage (for example, 5 V) representing that the fast charger is connected is supplied to the PDU 45 through the current switching signal SL2.
On the vehicle side, the power from the first charging power generating unit 52 is supplied from the first terminal TA1 (15 A), the power from the second charging power generating unit 53 is supplied from the second terminal TA2 (15 A), and the first terminal TA1 and the second terminal TA2 are connected in parallel with the main battery 4. Accordingly, in the main battery 4, the power of the sum value (30 A) of the currents supplied from the first terminal TA1 and the second terminal TA2 is supplied to the main battery 4 through the positive side power line PLp and the negative power line PLn. That is, the first terminal TA1 that is the normal charging terminal is considered as common use even when the fast charger is connected, and the power necessary for fast charging is supplied from the terminal.
In the embodiment, an example has been described in which the rating of the first charging power generating unit 52 in the normal charger and the rating of the second charging power generating unit 53 applied to the fast charger are the same, but the rating of only the first charging power generating unit 52 in the normal charger may be smaller than that of the fast charger.
In addition, in the embodiment, the thermistor 14 is disposed corresponding to each of the plurality of power line terminals, and thus the determination of the temperature may be performed by detecting the higher one of the detection values of both sensors or on the basis of an average value of both detection values. However, the invention is not limited thereto, and a single thermistor 14 may be the temperature sensor.
In addition, the thermistor 14 is provided in the socket 44 on the vehicle side, but may be provided between the positive and negative power line plug terminals provided in the plug 43 connected to the socket 44. However, in this case, the plug 43 and the socket 44 of the charging coupler 13 are provided with the connection line terminal of the thermistor 14. On the other hand, when the socket 44 is provided with the thermistor 14, the configuration of the charging coupler 13 is simple and satisfactory.
Next, a second embodiment of the charge control device will be described.
In
The power line PL1 and the power line PL2 are connected to the input side of the photo-coupler 81, that is, the light emitting diode 82, at a portion where the resistors R1 and R2 are connected. The output side of the photo-coupler 81, that is, a collector of the photo-transistor 83 is connected to the PDU 45 and inputs a detection signal to the PDU 45.
According to the charge control device illustrated in
The charge control device illustrated in
An FET driving unit 86 as a switching unit driving unit monitors the voltages output from the reference voltage forming unit 84 and the abnormal voltage forming unit 85. When the reference voltage of 2 V is detected, the FET 58 is turned on. When the reference voltage of 5 V is detected, both of the FET 58 and the FET 61 are turned on. When the abnormal voltage, that is, the voltage value exceeding 5 V more than the expected value is detected, it is recognized that the coupler 13 deviates in a state where the charge start/stop switch 12 is turned on, and the FET 58 is turned off (in the fast charger, also the FET 61 together).
The diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 provided in the power supply device 11 are connected to the input side of the photo-coupler 81, that is, the light emitting diode 82 through the resistors R1 and R2. At the normal time, the resistors R1 and R2 are interposed between the first power lines PL1 and PL2, and the second power lines PL3 and PL4, and thus current flowing in the light emitting diode 82 does not reach a current value operating the light emitting diode 82 (resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 are selected such that the current value is less than operation current of the light emitting diode 82). Meanwhile, for example, when the power lines PL1 and PL2 or PL4 are short-circuited, or when the power lines PL3 and PL2 or PL4 are short-circuited, large current flows in the light emitting diode 82 without passing through the resistors R1 and R2. Accordingly, the light emitting diode 82 is driven, and the photo-transistor 83 detects light of the light emitting diode 82 and performs an on-operation.
The PDU 45 inputs a short-circuit detection signal to the BMU 7 in response to the on-operation of the photo-transistor 83. In response to the short-circuit detection signal, the BMU 7 operates to turn off the contactor 8, irrespective of the reference detection signal. Alternatively, when the short circuit is detected by the detection circuit, occurrence of the short circuit is notified to a rider by operating alarm units formed of an indicator or a speaker provided in a meter (not illustrated).
As described above, according to the second embodiment, an operation of cutting off the output voltage from the charger or the input voltage to the main battery 4 at the time of an electric-shock prevention function, an abnormal operation, and a breakdown may be brought.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-262326 | Nov 2010 | JP | national |
| 2010-286724 | Dec 2010 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/076301 | 11/15/2011 | WO | 00 | 3/14/2013 |
