Circular stapling device

Abstract

A circular stapling device includes a manually operated trigger (24) that is adapted to allow staple formation to occur prior to cutting of tissue during a single actuation of the firing trigger (24). The stapling device (10) minimizes stretching and movement of tissue during staple formation to improve staple formation. The stapling device (10) also reduces the amount of force required to move the firing trigger (24) through a firing stroke by separating the staple formation and tissue cutting functions of the stapling device (10) to reduce stress on a clinician's hand during actuation of the stapling device (10).

Description

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Description

The present disclosure is directed to stapling devices and, more particularly, to circular stapling devices that delay cutting of tissue until after staple formation.

2. Background of Related Art

Conventional manually operated circular stapling devices include an elongate body, a shell assembly that is supported on a distal portion of the elongate body, and an anvil assembly that is movably supported on the distal portion of the elongate body adjacent to the shell assembly. The shell assembly includes a shell housing, a staple cartridge supported on the shell housing, a pusher assembly, and a knife supported on the pusher assembly. The staple cartridge supports a plurality of staples. The pusher assembly includes a staple pushing member that is movable through the staple cartridge to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge through tissue and form the staples against the anvil assembly. The knife is coupled to and movable with the staple pushing member to dissect the tissue clamped between the shell assembly and the anvil assembly during staple formation.

SUMMARY

One aspect of the disclosure is directed to a circular stapling device including a handle assembly, an elongate body, and a shell assembly. The handle assembly includes a firing trigger. The elongate body is supported by the handle assembly and includes a proximal portion and a distal portion. The shell assembly is supported on the distal portion of the elongate body and includes a shell housing defining a cavity, a staple cartridge, a pusher defining a longitudinal bore, a knife carrier, and a knife. The staple cartridge is supported on the shell housing and supports a plurality of staples. The knife carrier is movable within the longitudinal bore of the pusher and the knife is supported on the knife carrier. The pusher is movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge. The anvil assembly is supported on the distal portion of the elongate body and is movable in relation to the shell assembly between open and clamped positions. The knife carrier is adapted to releasably engage the pusher and is movable between a retracted position and an intermediate position to move the pusher from its retracted position to its advanced position and subsequently movable from its intermediate position to an advanced position independently of the pusher to advance the knife to cut tissue.

In embodiments, the firing trigger is coupled to the knife carrier such that movement of the firing trigger through an actuation stroke moves the knife carrier from its retracted position to its advanced position.

In some embodiments, the firing trigger is manually movable through the actuation stroke.

In certain embodiments, the knife carrier includes at least one tab that is movable from a first position engaged with the pusher to translate distal movement of the knife carrier to distal movement of the pusher to a second position to allow distal advancement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

In embodiments, each of the at least one tabs is supported on a resilient arm.

In some embodiments, the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs is supported in cantilevered fashion to the knife carrier.

In certain embodiments, the shell assembly includes a housing that includes at least one longitudinal rib that is positioned to engage the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs to retain each of the at least one tabs in the first position as the pusher is moved towards its advanced position.

In embodiments, one of the pusher and the knife carrier includes a breakable ring and the other of the pusher and the knife carrier includes an annular projection that is positioned to engage the breakable ring.

In some embodiments, the breakable ring is adapted to fracture when the pusher nears its advanced position to facilitate movement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

Another aspect of the disclosure is directed to a shell assembly including a shell housing defining a cavity, a staple cartridge, a pusher defining a longitudinal bore, a knife carrier, and a knife. The staple cartridge is supported on the shell housing and supports a plurality of staples. The knife carrier is movable within the longitudinal bore of the pusher and the knife is supported on the knife carrier. The pusher is movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge. The knife carrier is adapted to engage the pusher and is movable between a retracted position and an intermediate position to move the pusher from its retracted position to its advanced position and subsequently movable from its intermediate position to an advanced position independently of the pusher to advance the knife to cut tissue.

Another aspect of the disclosure is directed to a shell assembly including a shell housing defining a cavity, a staple cartridge, a pusher defining a longitudinal bore, a knife carrier, and a knife. The staple cartridge is supported on the shell housing and supports a plurality of staples. The pusher defines a longitudinal bore and is movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge. The knife carrier is movable within the longitudinal bore of the pusher and supports the knife, wherein the knife carrier is releasably coupled to the pusher and movable independently of the pusher to cut tissue after staple formation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the disclosed stapling device are described herein below with reference to the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed surgical stapling device with an anvil assembly of the stapling device in an open or unclamped position;

FIG. 2 is a side perspective exploded view of a distal portion of the surgical stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view from the distal end of the shell housing of the distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side perspective view of a knife carrier of the distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a side perspective view of the distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with a shell housing removed and the anvil assembly in a clamped position;

FIG. 6 is a side perspective view of a distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the anvil assembly in a clamped position;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 7-7 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 8-8 of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view through the distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the anvil assembly in the clamped position and the knife carrier advanced to an intermediate position to form staples;

FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view through the distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the anvil assembly in the clamped position and the knife carrier in an advanced position to cut tissue;

FIG. 11 is a side perspective cross-sectional view an alternate embodiment of the staple pusher of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a side perspective view of the knife carrier of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional view through a distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 including the pusher of FIG. 11 and the knife carrier of FIG. 12 in the clamped position and the knife carrier in the retracted position;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional view through a distal portion of the stapling device shown in FIG. 1 with the anvil assembly in the clamped position and the knife carrier advanced to a position in which the staples are formed and tissue begins to be cut; and

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown in FIG. 15.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The disclosed stapling device will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. However, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the disclosure and may be embodied in various forms. Well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure in unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.

In this description, the term “proximal” is used generally to refer to that portion of the device that is closer to a clinician, while the term “distal” is used generally to refer to that portion of the device that is farther from the clinician. In addition, the term “clinician” is used generally to refer to medical personnel including doctors, nurses, and support personnel.

The disclosed circular stapling device is a manually operated stapling device that includes a manually operated trigger that is adapted to allow staple formation to occur prior to cutting of tissue during a single actuation of the firing trigger. The stapling device minimizes stretching and movement of tissue during staple formation to improve staple formation. The stapling device also reduces the amount of force required to move the firing trigger through a firing stroke by separating the staple formation and tissue cutting functions of the stapling device to reduce stress on a clinician's hand during actuation of the stapling device.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed circular stapling device shown generally as stapling device 10. The stapling device 10 includes a handle assembly 12, an elongate body 14, a shell assembly 16, and an anvil assembly 18 that is supported for movement in relation to the shell assembly 16 between spaced and approximated positions as described below. The anvil assembly 18 has an anvil shaft 19 that is adapted to be releasably coupled to an approximation mechanism (not shown) of the stapling device 10 as is known in the art. The elongate body 14 has a distal portion 14a and a proximal portion 14b. In embodiments, the shell assembly 16 includes a proximal portion 20 that is releasably coupled to the distal portion 14a of the elongate body 14. Alternately, the shell assembly 16 can be fixedly secured to the elongate body portion 14.

The handle assembly 12 includes a stationary grip 22 that supports a firing trigger 24 and an approximation knob 25. The approximation knob 25 is actuable to move the anvil assembly 18 in relation to the shell assembly 16 between open and clamped positions. The firing trigger 24 is movable through an actuation stroke to control operation of various functions of the stapling device 10 including firing of staples from the shell assembly 16 and cutting or coring of tissue.

FIG. 2 illustrates the shell assembly 16 of the stapling device 10 shown in FIG. 1. The shell assembly 16 includes a shell housing 30, a pusher 32, a knife carrier 34, an annular knife 36 supported on the knife carrier 34, a staple cartridge 38, and a plurality of staples 40 supported within the staple cartridge 38. The staple cartridge 38 is annular and defines annular rows of staple pockets 42. Each of the staple pockets 42 supports one of the plurality of staples 40. The pusher 32 includes a body 44 that defines a longitudinal bore 44a and includes a distal portion having a plurality of fingers 46. Each of the plurality of fingers 46 is received within and movable through a respective one of the staple pockets 42 of the staple cartridge 38 to eject the staples 40 from the staple pockets 38 when the pusher 32 is moved within the shell housing 30 from a retracted position to an advanced position.

FIG. 3 illustrates the shell housing 30 of the shell assembly 16. The shell housing 16 includes an outer housing portion 50 and an inner housing portion 52 that are spaced from each other to define an annular cavity 54. The inner housing portion 52 of the shell housing 30 defines a through bore 56 that receives the anvil shaft 19 (FIG. 1) of the anvil assembly 18 when the anvil assembly 18 is moved to the clamped position to align the anvil assembly 18 with the staple cartridge 38 of the shell assembly 16. The inner housing portion 52 includes an outer surface supporting longitudinal ribs 58 that are positioned within the annular cavity 54 of the shell housing 16. The shell housing 30 also includes struts 59 that extend between the inner housing portion 52 and the outer housing portion 50. The struts 59 confine the knife carrier 34 to longitudinal movement within the shell housing 30 as described in detail below.

The knife carrier 34 is received within the annular cavity 54 of the shell housing 30 and within the pusher 32 and includes an annular body 60. The annular body 60 defines a longitudinal through bore 60a and has a distal portion 62 and a proximal portion 64. In embodiments, the distal portion 62 defines an annular recess 66 that receives the proximal end of the annular knife 36 to secure the knife 36 to the knife carrier 34. The knife 36 may also have tabs 70 (FIG. 2) that engage the knife carrier 34 to further secure the knife 36 to the knife carrier 34. Alternately other securement techniques can be used to secure the knife 36 to the knife carrier 34.

The proximal portion 64 of the annular body 60 of the knife carrier 36 is defined by spaced legs 74 that are separated by longitudinal slots 76. When the knife carrier 34 is received in the annular cavity 54 of the shell housing 30, the longitudinal slots 76 receive the struts 59 of the shell housing 30 to confine the knife carrier 34 to longitudinal movement within the shell housing 30. A proximal portion of the annular body 60 of the knife carrier 34 supports coupling members 86. The coupling members 86 are adapted to engage a drive member (not shown) supported within the elongate body 14 to couple the knife carrier 34 to the firing trigger (FIG. 1).

FIG. 5 illustrates the distal portion of the knife carrier 34 with the knife carrier received within longitudinal bore 44a of the pusher 32. As illustrated, the annular body 60 of the knife carrier 34 supports one or more resilient cantilevered arms 80. In embodiments, each of the arms 80 has a distal end supported by the annular body 60 and a distal end that supports a tab 82. The tabs 82 extend radially outward from the arms 80 and are positioned to engage a proximal portion of the pusher 32 such that movement of the knife carrier 34 effects distal movement of the pusher 32 within the annular cavity 54 of the shell housing 30 between a retracted position and an advanced position as described in further detail below. The cantilevered arms 80 of the knife carrier 34 are resilient and can flex inwardly into the longitudinal through bore 60a of the knife carrier 34 when the pusher 32 has reached its advanced position to allow the knife carrier 34 to move distally independently of the pusher 32 after staple formation to cut tissue. The tabs 82 may be positioned to engage the proximal end of the pusher 32. Alternately, other configurations are envisioned. As shown in FIG. 5, the proximal portion of the pusher 32 may include elongated slots or notches 84. The notches 84 receive the struts 59 (FIG. 3) of the shell housing 30 to properly align the pusher 32 within the shell housing 30.

FIGS. 5-8 illustrate the distal portion of the stapling device 10 with the anvil assembly 18 in the clamped position about tissue “T” prior to actuation of the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1). In this position, the knife carrier 34 and the pusher 32 are in their retracted positions within the shell housing 30. The cantilevered arms 80 of the knife carrier 32 are supported on the longitudinal ribs 58 of the inner housing portion 52 of the shell housing 30. When the cantilevered arms 80 are supported on the longitudinal ribs 58, the arms 80 are deformed outwardly from the knife carrier 34 to urge the tabs 82 outwardly into longitudinal alignment and/or engagement with the pusher 32.

FIG. 9 illustrates the stapling device 10 with the anvil assembly 18 in the clamped position about the tissue “T” as the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1) is moved through an actuation stroke and the staples 40 are formed in the tissue “T”. Initially, when the firing trigger 24 is actuated, the knife carrier 34 is advanced in the direction indicated by arrows “A”. As the knife carrier 34 is advanced, the tabs 82 on the cantilevered arms 80 engage the pusher 32 to advance the pusher 32 with the knife carrier 34 in the direction indicated by arrows “B”. As the pusher 32 moves distally within the shell housing 30, the fingers 46 of the pusher 32 pass through the staple pockets 42 of the staple cartridge 38 to advance and form the staples 40 against the anvil assembly 18. In this position, the knife 36 has yet to engage the tissue “T”. Alternately, the knife 36 may be in contact with the tissue “T” as staple formation is completed.

As illustrated in FIG. 10, when the knife carrier 34 advances in the direction indicated by arrows “A” to a position in which the cantilevered arms 80 of the knife carrier 34 pass off of distal ends 96 of the longitudinal ribs 58 on the inner housing portion 52 of the shell housing 30, the cantilevered arms 80 move inwardly due to the resilience of the arms 80 such that the tabs 82 disengage from the pusher 32. When this occurs, the knife carrier 34 will advance or move distally independently of the pusher 32 to advance the knife 36 in the direction of arrows “C” to cut the tissue “T”. The distal ends of the tabs 82 may include a chamfer 98 to allow engagement between the tabs 82 and the pusher 32 to assist in moving the arms 80 inwardly to facilitate separation of the tabs 82 and the pusher 32.

As discussed briefly above, separating the two functions of the stapling device 10, i.e., staple formation and cutting, allows the forces required to actuate the firing trigger 24 of the stapling device 10 to be reduced and minimizes pulling or stretching of tissue during staple formation to improve staple formation.

FIGS. 12-16 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of the disclosed stapling device 10 (FIG. 1) which is similar to the embodiment described above with the exception of modifications to the pusher 132 and the knife carrier 134 which are described in further detail below.

The pusher 132 is substantially identical to the pusher 32 (FIG. 2) except that the inner wall of the pusher 32 includes a frangible or breakable ring 132a (FIG. 11) that projects into the longitudinal bore 144a of the pusher 132. In addition, the knife carrier 134 is substantially similar to the knife carrier 34 except that the cantilevered arms 80 are eliminated and a projection, such as an annular ring 180 (FIG. 12), is formed on the distal portion 162 of the knife carrier 134.

FIG. 13 illustrates the distal portion of the stapling device 10 (FIG. 1) with the anvil assembly 18 in the clamped position about tissue “T” prior to actuation of the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1). In this position, the knife carrier 134 and the pusher 132 are in their retracted positions within the shell housing 30. The projection on the knife carrier 134, e.g., annular ring 180, is positioned immediately proximal to and in alignment with the breakable ring 132a of the pusher 132. Although the annular ring 180 of the knife carrier 134 is shown engaged with the breakable ring 132a, the two components need only be aligned with each other prior to actuation of the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1).

FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate the stapling device 10 with the anvil assembly 18 in the clamped position about the tissue “T” as the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1) is moved through an actuation stroke. Initially, when the firing trigger 24 (FIG. 1) is actuated the knife carrier 134 is advanced in the direction indicated by arrows “D”. As the knife carrier 134 is advanced, the annular ring 180 on the knife carrier 134 engages the breakable ring 132a on the pusher 132 to advance the pusher 132 with the knife carrier 34 in the direction indicated by arrows “D”. As the pusher 132 moves distally within the shell housing 30, the fingers 146 of the pusher 132 passes through the staple pockets 42 of the staple cartridge 38 to advance and form the staples 40 against the anvil assembly 18. In this position, the knife 136 has yet to engage the tissue “T”. Alternately, the knife 136 may be in contact with the tissue “T” as staple formation is completed.

When the staple formation is completed, advancement of the pusher 132 is obstructed via engagement between the staple cartridge 38 and the pusher 132. When this occurs, the force applied to the breakable ring 132a of the pusher 132 by the annular ring 180 of the knife carrier 132 increase beyond a threshold force and the breakable ring 132a is sheared from the inner wall of the pusher 132 to allow the knife carrier 132 to move distally independently of the pusher 132 in the direction indicate by arrows “E” to cut the tissue “T”.

As discussed briefly above, separating the two functions of the stapling device 10, i.e., staple formation and cutting, allows the forces required to actuate the firing trigger 24 of the stapling device 10 to be reduced and minimizes pulling or stretching of tissue during staple formation to improve staple formation.

Persons skilled in the art will understand that the devices and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments. It is envisioned that the elements and features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary embodiment may be combined with the elements and features of another without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. As well, one skilled in the art will appreciate further features and advantages of the disclosure based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the disclosure is not to be limited by what has been particularly shown and described, except as indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A circular stapling device comprising: a handle assembly including a firing trigger;an elongate body supported by the handle assembly, the elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion;a shell assembly supported on the distal portion of the elongate body, the shell assembly including a shell housing defining a cavity, a staple cartridge supported on the shell housing, a pusher defining a longitudinal bore, a knife carrier movable within the longitudinal bore, and a knife supported on the knife carrier, the staple cartridge supporting a plurality of staples and the pusher being movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge; andan anvil assembly supported on the distal portion of the elongate body and being movable in relation to the shell assembly between open and clamped positions;wherein the knife carrier engages the pusher and is movable between a retracted position and an intermediate position to move the pusher from its retracted position to its advanced position and subsequently movable from its intermediate position to an advanced position independently of the pusher to advance the knife to cut tissue.

2. The circular stapling device of claim 1, wherein the firing trigger is coupled to the knife carrier such that movement of the firing trigger through an actuation stroke moves the knife carrier from its retracted position to its advanced position.

3. The circular stapling device of claim 2, wherein the firing trigger is manually movable through the actuation stroke.

4. The circular stapling device of claim 1, wherein the knife carrier includes at least one tab, the at least one tab being movable from a first position engaged with the pusher to translate distal movement of the knife carrier to distal movement of the pusher, to a second position to allow distal advancement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

5. The circular stapling device of claim 4, wherein each of the at least one tabs is supported on a resilient arm.

6. The circular stapling device of claim 5, wherein the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs is supported in cantilevered fashion to the knife carrier.

7. The circular stapling device of claim 5, wherein the shell assembly includes a housing that includes at least one longitudinal rib, the at least one longitudinal rib being positioned to engage the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs to retain each of the at least one tabs in the first position as the pusher is moved towards its advanced position.

8. The circular stapling device of claim 1, wherein one of the pusher and the knife carrier includes a breakable ring and the other of the pusher and the knife carrier includes an annular projection that is positioned to engage the breakable ring.

9. The circular stapling device of claim 8, wherein the breakable ring is adapted to fracture when the pusher nears its advanced position to facilitate movement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

10. A shell assembly comprising: a shell housing defining a cavity;a staple cartridge supported on the shell housing, the staple cartridge supporting a plurality of staples;a pusher defining a longitudinal bore;a knife carrier movable within the longitudinal bore of the pusher; anda knife supported on the knife carrier;wherein the pusher is movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge, and the knife carrier engages the pusher and is movable between a retracted position and an intermediate position to move the pusher from its retracted position to its advanced position and subsequently movable from its intermediate position to an advanced position independently of the pusher to advance the knife to cut tissue.

11. The shell assembly of claim 10, wherein the firing trigger is coupled to the knife carrier such that movement of the firing trigger through an actuation stroke moves the knife carrier from its retracted position to its advanced position.

12. The shell assembly of claim 10, wherein the knife carrier includes at least one tab, the at least one tab being movable from a first position engaged with the pusher to translate distal movement of the knife carrier to distal movement of the pusher, to a second position to allow distal advancement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

13. The shell assembly of claim 12, wherein each of the at least one tabs is supported on a resilient arm.

14. The shell assembly of claim 13, wherein the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs is supported in cantilevered fashion to the knife carrier.

15. The shell assembly of claim 13, wherein the shell assembly includes a housing that includes at least one longitudinal rib, the at least one longitudinal rib being positioned to engage the resilient arm supporting each of the at least one tabs to retain each of the at least one tabs in the first position as the pusher is moved towards its advanced position.

16. The shell assembly of claim 10, wherein one of the pusher and the knife carrier includes a breakable ring and the other of the pusher and the knife carrier includes an annular projection that is positioned to engage the breakable ring.

17. The shell assembly of claim 16, wherein the breakable ring is adapted to fracture when the pusher nears its advanced position to facilitate movement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

18. A shell assembly comprising: a shell housing defining a cavity;a staple cartridge supported on the shell housing, the staple cartridge supporting a plurality of staples;a pusher defining a longitudinal bore, the pusher being movable within the cavity of the shell housing from a retracted position to an advanced position to eject the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge;a knife carrier movable within the longitudinal bore of the pusher; anda knife supported on the knife carrier;wherein the knife carrier is releasably coupled to the pusher and movable independently of the pusher to cut tissue after staple formation.

19. The shell assembly of claim 18, wherein the knife carrier includes at least one tab, the at least one tab being movable from a first position engaged with the pusher to translate distal movement of the knife carrier to distal movement of the pusher, to a second position to allow distal advancement of the knife carrier independently of the pusher.

20. The shell assembly of claim 18, wherein one of the pusher and the knife carrier includes a breakable ring and the other of the pusher and the knife carrier includes an annular projection that is positioned to engage the breakable ring.