Clamshell package for holding and displaying consumer products

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 8104616
  • Patent Number
    8,104,616
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, February 7, 2007
    17 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, January 31, 2012
    12 years ago
Abstract
A clamshell package is provided for holding and displaying a consumer product that comprises a bottle and a cap. The clamshell package comprises a first clamshell side and a second clamshell side, wherein at least a portion of the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together to hold the consumer product between the first and second clamshell sides. The clamshell package further comprises an aperture through which at least a portion of the cap of the consumer product extends from the clamshell package. The clamshell package is therefore able to hold and display the consumer product, while allowing a consumer to access the cap of the product in order to smell or to sample the product. A clamshell package is further provided for holding and displaying a consumer product comprising liquid composition contained in a tottle.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to packages for containing and displaying consumer products and, more specifically, to so-called clamshell packages having two sides typically formed of thermoplastic material and affixed together to hold and display the consumer product.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Clamshell or blister pack packaging is a very popular type of packaging for many consumer products, including electrical and electronic products, such as portable compact disc players, cassette recorders or players and other portable audio or video products. Quite often, the clamshell packaging is designed to be theft resistant while also enabling the product design and features to be clearly displayed to the consumer at the retail level.


However, such clamshell packaging has not typically been used to hold and display personal care and household care products, including scented products such as shampoos, hair conditioners, body washes, skin lotions, deodorants, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, and the like. Consumers in retail stores have a tendency to want to interact with personal care and household care products, such as smelling a scented personal care product, and clamshell packages tend to isolate the product from the consumer thereby preventing this type of interaction.


Oftentimes, a consumer product is packaged in a so-called tottle package. Examples include products used in the shower such as shampoo, hair conditioner, and liquid body wash. One drawback of consumer products packaged in tottles is that the products can be susceptible to leakage on a store shelf if the cap of the product is not closed tightly.


There has thus been a desire to develop a clamshell package that can effectively hold and display a consumer product, especially a scented consumer product, that allows a consumer to interact with the consumer product, such as by smelling the consumer product, without having to open the clamshell package. There has been a further desire to develop a secondary package that can hold and display a consumer product packaged in a tottle that further prevents leakage of the consumer product onto store shelves.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a clamshell package for holding and displaying a consumer product that comprises a bottle and a cap. The clamshell package comprises a first clamshell side and a second clamshell side, wherein at least a portion of the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together to hold the consumer product between the first and second clamshell sides. The clamshell package further comprises an aperture through which at least a portion of the cap of the consumer product extends from the clamshell package. The clamshell package is therefore able to hold and display the consumer product, while allowing a consumer to access the cap of the product. The consumer is then able to open the cap of the consumer product in order to smell or to sample the product.


The present invention further relates to a clamshell package for holding and displaying a consumer product comprising a tottle containing a liquid composition. The clamshell package comprises a first clamshell side and a second clamshell side wherein at least a portion of the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together to hold the consumer product and to prevent leakage of the liquid composition from the clamshell package. In this respect of the invention, a tottle containing a liquid composition can be displayed on a store shelf without concern of the liquid composition leaking onto the store shelves.


The clamshell packages of the present invention can be utilized to hold and display a plurality of consumer products in a single clamshell package.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a clamshell package according to the present invention.



FIG. 2 is a front view of the clamshell package of FIG. 1.



FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the clamshell package of FIG. 1.



FIG. 4 is a side view of the clamshell package of FIG. 1.



FIG. 5 is a plan view of a template of the clamshell package of FIG. 1 made from a single piece of thermoplastic material, before folding the first and second clamshell sides of the clamshell package together.



FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the clamshell package of FIG. 1 holding and displaying two consumer products, each consumer product comprising a tottle.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, the term “clamshell” is intended to include thermoform packages typically referred to as clamshell packages or blister pack packages. The term “clamshell package” as used herein therefore encompasses blister pack packages.


As used herein, the term “tottle” means a bottle having a cap attached to the bottle, wherein the bottle is designed to rest on its cap. Many shampoos, hair conditioners, shaving lotions, body washes, in-shower body moisturizers, and other products used in the shower or bath are contained in tottles.


In one aspect of the present invention, the clamshell package comprises a first clamshell side and a second clamshell side, wherein at least a portion of the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together to hold the consumer product between the first and second clamshell sides. The sides of the clamshell package can be affixed together by a number of processes or materials known in the art, such as heat-sealing, adhesive sealing, or by friction, for example through the use of locking tabs that are friction-fitted by connecting a male aspect to a female aspect.


The clamshell package preferably further comprises an aperture through which at least a portion of the cap of the consumer product extends from the clamshell package. The cap can be a flip-top cap, screw-on cap, snap-on cap, and the like. Preferably, the cap is a flip-top cap which allows a consumer to easily flip open the cap to smell or otherwise interact with the consumer product, without having to open the clamshell package.


Preferably at least one side of the clamshell package has a recess area that is molded to receive the bottle, or tottle, of the consumer product to be held and displayed in the clamshell package. The bottle, or tottle, of the consumer product is typically made of a plastic material. Examples of suitable plastic materials include high density polyethylene (“HDPE”), low density polyethylene (“LDPE”), polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”), polypropylene (“PP”), polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, nylon, and fluorinated ethylene propylene. The bottle can be made via a number of various processes known in the art, such as blow molding, injection molding, and the like. Preferred bottles of the present invention are made of HDPE or PP via an extrusion blow molding process, or PET via an injection blow molding process.


The clamshell package of the present invention is typically made of a thermoplastic material. Examples of thermoplastic materials include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylic, celluloid, cellulose acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol (E/VAL), fluoroplastics (PTFEs, including FEP, PFA, CTFE, ECTFE, ETFE), ionomers, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyacetal (POM or Acetal), polyacrylates (Acrylic), polyacrylonitrile (PAN or Acrylonitrile), polyamide (PA or Nylon), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyaryletherketone (PAEK or Ketone), polybutadiene (PBD), polybutylene (PB), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polycarbonate (PC), polyketone (PK), polyester, polyethylene/polythene/polyethene, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylenechlorinates (PEC), polyimide (PI), polymethylpentene (PMP), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphthalamide (PPA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and mixtures thereof. Preferred thermoplastic materials herein include polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene. The thermoplastic material is preferably a transparent material, especially transparent polyvinyl chloride.


A second aspect of the present invention relates to a clamshell package that holds and displays a consumer product comprising a tottle. In this aspect, the clamshell package preferably does not comprise any apertures and the first and second sides of the clamshell package are affixed together, preferably by a method that forms a seal such as heat-sealing, such that any composition that may leak from the tottle will be contained in the clamshell package and prevented from leaking onto a shelf in a retail store. Although this embodiment does not facilitate consumer interaction with the product, it does provide the benefit of preventing leakage of the product onto shelves in a retail store.


In one embodiment of the present invention, the clamshell package is a tri-fold clamshell package comprising a first side, a second side and a base portion. The base portion is attached to the first side by a first hinge and to the second side by a second hinge. The first and second sides, and optional base portion, of the clamshell package can be made from a single continuous piece of thermoplastic material, or can be made from separate pieces of thermoplastic materials that are then heat-sealed or otherwise affixed together.


The clamshell package can optionally further comprise a hole through one or more sides of the package to facilitate hanging of the package from a display hook in a retail store.


The clamshell packages of the present invention can be utilized to hold and display a variety of personal care products, such as shampoos, hair conditioners, shaving lotions, body washes, in-shower body moisturizers, and the like. Non-limiting examples of shampoos are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. RE 34,584, 5,932,203, and 5,935,561. Non-limiting examples of hair conditioners are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,387,090 and 4,705,681. Non-limiting examples of shaving lotions are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,248,495, 5,451,396, and 6,682,726. Non-limiting examples of body washes are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,885,948, 6,080,707, and 6,194,364. Non-limiting examples of in-shower body moisturizers are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,488, U.S. Pat. No. 6,645,511, US 2003/0049282 A1, and US 2003/0054019 A1.


The clamshell packages of the present invention can be utilized to hold and display a variety of household care products, such as dishwashing detergents, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, fabric refresher sprays, and the like.


In one embodiment, the present clamshell package holds and displays a consumer product having a multi-phase visual product appearance. These types of products tend to comprise at least two phases, wherein the phases are visually distinct and form a pattern, such as swirled, striped, marbled, or other geometric patterns. Non-limiting examples of consumer products having visually distinct phases are described in US 2004/0057920 A1 and US 2004/0092415 A1. A clamshell package made of a transparent thermoplastic material is especially suitable for holding and displaying such consumer products exhibiting a visual pattern since the appearance of the product can be observed by the consumer on a 360° basis.


In one embodiment, the consumer product held and displayed by the present clamshell package is a scented consumer product; in other words, the consumer product comprises perfume.


The clamshell package of the present invention can further comprise a label comprising indicia such as graphics, words, logos, trademarks, or the like, affixed to the clamshell package or such indicia can be printed directly onto the clamshell package, especially for advertising or promotional purposes.


The clamshell package of the present invention can hold and display a plurality of consumer products. For example, the clamshell package can be used to hold and display two consumer products, which could be the same or different products, especially for promotion and sale in warehouse-type retail stores, otherwise known as club stores, which tend to sell consumer products in bulk or in larger quantities as compared to more traditional retail stores. The clamshell package can also be used to hold and display complementary consumer products, for example: a shampoo product and a hair conditioner product; a liquid body wash product and a skin moisturizer lotion product; a liquid laundry detergent and a fabric softening product. When the clamshell package holds a plurality of consumer products, the clamshell package will comprise a plurality of apertures through which the caps of the consumer products extend, so that consumers can interact with each of the consumer products in the clamshell package.


One embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1-6. The clamshell package 10 of FIGS. 1-6 is designed to hold and display two tottles 18, each tottle 18 containing a scented liquid personal care product, such as body wash or shampoo.


The clamshell package 10 shown in FIGS. 1-4 is the clamshell package itself, without showing the tottles 18 of the consumer products that are intended to be held and displayed therein. In this embodiment, the clamshell package 10 is a trifold clamshell package comprising a first clamshell side 11, a second clamshell side 12 and a base portion 13. The trifold clamshell package 10 is constructed from a single piece of transparent polyvinyl chloride. The base portion 13 is attached to the first clamshell side 11 and the second clamshell side 12 by two hinges 14. The base portion 13 further comprises two apertures 15, through which the caps 19 of the tottles 18 extend, once the tottles 18 are placed into the clamshell package 10. The first clamshell side 11 and second clamshell side 12 are folded together at each hinge 14, relative to the base portion 13. The first clamshell side 11 and second clamshell side 12 are affixed together via a number of locking tabs 16, which are friction-fit locking tabs. A male aspect of each locking tab 16 is molded into the first clamshell side 11 and a female aspect of each locking tab 16 is molded into the second clamshell side 12. The first clamshell side 11 and second clamshell side 12 each comprise a recess area 17. Each recess area 17 is molded to the shape of the tottles 18 to be held and displayed by the clamshell package 10.


A template of the clamshell package 10 made from a single piece of transparent polyvinyl chloride is shown in FIG. 5, before the first clamshell side 11 and second clamshell side 12 are folded together along the hinges 14 relative to the base portion 13 to form the clamshell package 10.



FIG. 6 illustrates the clamshell package 10 of FIGS. 1-4 that is holding and displaying two tottles 18, with each tottle 18 having a cap 19. Each tottle 18 is held between the first clamshell side 11 and second clamshell side 12, in the corresponding recess areas 17. Each tottle 18 has a cap 19 which extends through an aperture 15 in the base portion 13. As a result, each cap 19 is accessible outside the clamshell package 10, while each tottle 18 is held within the clamshell package 10 in the recess areas 17. Each cap 19 is a flip-top cap. A consumer can therefore flip open the cap 19 of each consumer product in order to smell or otherwise interact with the product contained in the tottle 18. The clamshell package 10 can then be stored on a shelf in a retail store by resting the clamshell package 10 on the caps 19 of the tottles 18.


The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm”.


All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference; the citation of any document is not to be construed as an admission that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.


While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims
  • 1. A clamshell package for holding and displaying a consumer product comprising: a bottle;a cap connected to said bottle;a first clamshell side having a first recess area;a second clamshell side having a second recess area, wherein at least a portion of said first and second clamshell sides are affixed together to define a bottle holding volume defined by the first and second recess areas, wherein said bottle holding volume is sized to hold said bottle within said first and second recesses of each of said first and second clamshell sides, and wherein said bottle holding volume has a shape similar to said bottle;a top formed where the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together;a base portion extending between the first and second clamshell sides; andan aperture through the base portion through which at least a portion of said cap of said bottle extends from said clamshell package,wherein a first end of said recess area is at least partially enclosed between said first and second clamshell sides at the top and a second, opposite end of said bottle holding volume is in communication with said aperture at the base portion;wherein said cap is a flip-top cap having an openable portion that is exposed beyond said clamshell package to allow a consumer to flip open said openable portion with the bottle located in the bottle holding volume.
  • 2. The clamshell package of claim 1, wherein said cap can be opened without opening said clamshell package.
  • 3. The clamshell package of claim 1, wherein said bottle comprises a scented composition housed therein.
  • 4. The clamshell package of claim 3, wherein said scented composition is a multi-phase scented composition comprising a first phase and a second phase, wherein said first phase and said second phase form a visual pattern.
  • 5. The clamshell package of claim 3, wherein said scented composition is a body wash.
  • 6. The clamshell package of claim 1, wherein said bottle is a tottle.
  • 7. The clamshell package of claim 1, wherein said clamshell package holds and displays a plurality of bottles.
  • 8. A clamshell package for holding and displaying a consumer product comprising: a bottle having a first shape;a cap connected to said bottle;a first clamshell side;a second clamshell side, wherein at least a portion of said first and second clamshell sides are affixed together at an edge overhanging the bottle with the bottle in an upright, standing position on the cap, the first and second clamshell sides defining a bottle holding volume therebetween, wherein said bottle holding volume is sized to hold said bottle within a recess of each of said first and second clamshell sides, wherein said bottle holding volume has a second shape, and wherein said second shape is the same as said first shape of said bottle;a base portion opposite the edge comprising an aperture, wherein said base portion is attached to said first and second clamshell sides by hinges adjacent to said base portion, and wherein at least a portion of said cap of said bottle extends from said clamshell package through said aperture of said base portion; andwherein a first end of said bottle is at least partially enclosed between said first and second clamshell sides and a second, opposite end of said bottle with said cap extends outwardly from said clamshell package;wherein said aperture extends about an entire periphery of said cap at a location spaced from an end of said cap to provide access to said cap for opening said cap without opening said clamshell package; andwherein said cap is a flip-top cap having an openable portion that is exposed beyond said clamshell package to allow a consumer to flip open said openable portion.
  • 9. The clamshell package of claim 8, wherein said bottle comprises a scented composition housed therein.
  • 10. The clamshell package of claim 9, wherein said scented composition is a multi-phase scented composition comprising a first phase and a second phase, wherein said first phase and said second phase form a visual pattern.
  • 11. The clamshell package of claim 10, wherein said scented composition is a body wash.
  • 12. The clamshell package of claim 8, wherein said bottle is a bottle.
  • 13. The clamshell package of claim 12, wherein said cap provides a base configured to support said clamshell package in an upright, standing position.
  • 14. The clamshell package of claim 8, wherein said clamshell package holds and displays a plurality of bottles.
  • 15. The clamshell package of claim 1, wherein the first and second clamshell sides are affixed together at the top at an edge that is unsuitable for supporting the bottle in an upright, standing position.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/772,650, filed Feb. 11, 2006.

US Referenced Citations (206)
Number Name Date Kind
2020454 Bisbee et al. Nov 1935 A
2438091 Lynch Mar 1948 A
2528378 Mannheimer Oct 1950 A
2658072 Kosmin Nov 1953 A
2798053 Brown Jul 1957 A
2986271 Forrer May 1961 A
3455440 West Jul 1969 A
3479429 Morshauser et al. Nov 1969 A
3533955 Pader et al. Oct 1970 A
3542256 Waterman Nov 1970 A
3615972 Morehouse, Jr. et al. Oct 1971 A
3618757 Funkhouser Nov 1971 A
3800998 Gask Apr 1974 A
3850365 Dietrich Nov 1974 A
3899076 Florian Aug 1975 A
3929678 Laughlin et al. Dec 1975 A
3937811 Papantoniou et al. Feb 1976 A
3951679 Bernhard et al. Apr 1976 A
3980767 Chown et al. Sep 1976 A
4159028 Barker et al. Jun 1979 A
4263363 Buck et al. Apr 1981 A
4335103 Barker et al. Jun 1982 A
4379753 Bolich, Jr. Apr 1983 A
4387090 Bolich, Jr. Jun 1983 A
4425322 Harvey et al. Jan 1984 A
4509949 Huang et al. Apr 1985 A
4518578 Hayes et al. May 1985 A
D292879 Smith Nov 1987 S
4705681 Maes et al. Nov 1987 A
4818575 Hirata et al. Apr 1989 A
4899877 Kiernan Feb 1990 A
4966205 Tanaka Oct 1990 A
4980155 Shah et al. Dec 1990 A
5002680 Schmidt et al. Mar 1991 A
5011690 Garvey et al. Apr 1991 A
5052557 Contino et al. Oct 1991 A
5059414 Dallal et al. Oct 1991 A
5087445 Haffey et al. Feb 1992 A
5223315 Katsura et al. Jun 1993 A
5228912 Herget et al. Jul 1993 A
5248495 Patterson et al. Sep 1993 A
RE34584 Grote et al. Apr 1994 E
5304334 Lahanas et al. Apr 1994 A
5393450 Shana'a Feb 1995 A
5451396 Villars Sep 1995 A
5455035 Guerrero et al. Oct 1995 A
5487168 Geiner et al. Jan 1996 A
5487884 Bissett et al. Jan 1996 A
5530054 Tse et al. Jun 1996 A
5540853 Trinh et al. Jul 1996 A
5556628 Derian et al. Sep 1996 A
5578299 Starch Nov 1996 A
5612307 Chambers et al. Mar 1997 A
5632420 Lohrman et al. May 1997 A
5635171 Nadaud Jun 1997 A
5652228 Bissett Jul 1997 A
5661189 Grieveson et al. Aug 1997 A
5681852 Bissett Oct 1997 A
5687779 Andersson et al. Nov 1997 A
5716920 Glenn et al. Feb 1998 A
5851978 Shana'a Dec 1998 A
5873494 Dallas, Jr. Feb 1999 A
5885948 Glenn, Jr. et al. Mar 1999 A
5914117 Lavaud Jun 1999 A
5925603 D'Angelo Jul 1999 A
5929019 Puvvada et al. Jul 1999 A
5932203 Coffindaffer et al. Aug 1999 A
5935561 Inman et al. Aug 1999 A
5947335 Milio et al. Sep 1999 A
5952286 Puvvada et al. Sep 1999 A
5954213 Gerhart et al. Sep 1999 A
5965500 Puvvada Oct 1999 A
5965501 Rattinger et al. Oct 1999 A
6051541 Neuser et al. Apr 2000 A
D426158 Flurer et al. Jun 2000 S
6080707 Glenn, Jr. et al. Jun 2000 A
6114290 Lyle et al. Sep 2000 A
6174845 Rattinger et al. Jan 2001 B1
6176391 Rehkemper et al. Jan 2001 B1
6176395 Abbott et al. Jan 2001 B1
6190648 Kouzu et al. Feb 2001 B1
6194364 Glenn, Jr. Feb 2001 B1
D438460 Hammond Mar 2001 S
D439165 Erckelbout et al. Mar 2001 S
6213166 Thibiant et al. Apr 2001 B1
D441645 Longhurst May 2001 S
6232496 Carr et al. May 2001 B1
6245323 Christie et al. Jun 2001 B1
6245344 Thibiant et al. Jun 2001 B1
6255264 Fleurot et al. Jul 2001 B1
6267978 Sang et al. Jul 2001 B1
6268322 St. Lewis et al. Jul 2001 B1
6294179 Lee et al. Sep 2001 B1
6306806 St. Lewis et al. Oct 2001 B1
6335312 Coffindaffer et al. Jan 2002 B1
6340723 Nitta et al. Jan 2002 B1
6362156 Hsu et al. Mar 2002 B1
D455655 Bunce Apr 2002 S
6367519 Thibiant et al. Apr 2002 B2
6383999 Coyle et al. May 2002 B1
6385992 Flore, Jr. May 2002 B1
6394323 McClean et al. May 2002 B2
6395691 Tsaur May 2002 B1
6419783 Rainey et al. Jul 2002 B1
6426326 Mitra et al. Jul 2002 B1
6429177 Williams et al. Aug 2002 B1
6491932 Ramin et al. Dec 2002 B1
6495498 Niemiec et al. Dec 2002 B2
6506391 Biatry Jan 2003 B1
6516838 Thibiant et al. Feb 2003 B2
6517939 Moini et al. Feb 2003 B1
6521216 Glandorf et al. Feb 2003 B1
6533873 Margosiak et al. Mar 2003 B1
6534456 Hayward et al. Mar 2003 B2
6534457 Mitra Mar 2003 B2
6547063 Zaveri et al. Apr 2003 B1
6555509 Abbas et al. Apr 2003 B2
6564978 Safian et al. May 2003 B1
6574985 Fiore, Jr. Jun 2003 B2
6589509 Keller et al. Jul 2003 B2
6645511 Aronson et al. Nov 2003 B2
6652134 Lloyd Nov 2003 B2
6663855 Frechet et al. Dec 2003 B2
6673371 Brown et al. Jan 2004 B2
6673755 Wei et al. Jan 2004 B2
6682726 Marchesi et al. Jan 2004 B2
D486395 Lovell et al. Feb 2004 S
D486398 Lovell et al. Feb 2004 S
6691394 McClean Feb 2004 B1
6695510 Look et al. Feb 2004 B1
6699488 Deckner et al. Mar 2004 B2
6759376 Zhang et al. Jul 2004 B2
6764991 Puvvada et al. Jul 2004 B2
6773811 Ferguson et al. Aug 2004 B2
6780826 Zhang et al. Aug 2004 B2
6787511 Patel et al. Sep 2004 B2
6797683 Shana'a et al. Sep 2004 B2
6903057 Tsaur Jun 2005 B1
6924256 Massaro et al. Aug 2005 B2
7143893 Kelly Dec 2006 B2
7144542 Holzer et al. Dec 2006 B2
7273837 Boutique et al. Sep 2007 B2
7524807 Clapp et al. Apr 2009 B2
7537819 Hendricks May 2009 B2
7666825 Wagner et al. Feb 2010 B2
20010035230 Thibiant et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010036467 Thibiant et al. Nov 2001 A1
20020004468 Hodge et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010110 Hayward et al. Jan 2002 A1
20030003069 Carson et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030049282 Aaronson et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030054019 Aronson et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030068287 Ansara et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030152540 Putman et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030161852 Miller et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030180246 Frantz et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030192787 Kelly Oct 2003 A1
20030222100 Husband et al. Dec 2003 A1
20040033914 Patel et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040048757 Zhang et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040048758 Zhang et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040057920 Focht et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040058920 Jover et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040091445 Dykstra et al. May 2004 A1
20040092415 Focht et al. May 2004 A1
20040105827 Grimm et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040146475 Peffly et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040158940 Wells et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040180020 Manelski et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040219119 Wei et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223929 Clapp et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223939 Clausen et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223991 Wei et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040232023 Bansal et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040235693 Wei et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040242706 Wiersema et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040248748 Wei et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040248749 Mitra et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050003975 Browne et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050020468 Frantz et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050100570 Wei et al. May 2005 A1
20050139574 Simone et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143269 Wei et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050191449 Funato et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192187 Wagner et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192188 Wagner et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192189 Wagner et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050238680 Stella et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050249758 Di Puccio Pagano Nov 2005 A1
20050269372 Smith Dec 2005 A1
20050276768 Wei et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060002880 Peffly et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060008438 Velarde et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060079420 Wagner et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060102654 Seys et al. May 2006 A1
20060118139 Fausnight et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060182699 Tayor et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060191589 McCall et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060252662 Soffin et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060276357 Smith et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070072781 Soffin et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070155637 Smith, III et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070163990 Escobosa et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070167338 McHugh et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070248562 Berry et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070280976 Taylor et al. Dec 2007 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (54)
Number Date Country
2246316 Jun 1998 CA
678488 Sep 1991 CH
19650952 Jun 1998 DE
19854086 May 2000 DE
0056219 Jul 1982 EP
0078138 May 1983 EP
0112807 Jul 1984 EP
0320473 Jun 1989 EP
0348372 Dec 1989 EP
0331617 Apr 1992 EP
0486080 May 1992 EP
1064918 Jan 2001 EP
1108421 Jun 2001 EP
1005849 Sep 2001 EP
1174360 Jan 2002 EP
0907345 May 2003 EP
1529517 May 2005 EP
1277324 Jun 1972 GB
2310398 Aug 1997 GB
02184884 Jul 1990 JP
05254528 Oct 1993 JP
2000-229817 Aug 2000 JP
2002-128639 May 2002 JP
2002-138010 May 2002 JP
WO-9013283 Nov 1990 WO
WO-9212212 Jul 1992 WO
WO-9410973 May 1994 WO
WO-9717938 May 1997 WO
WO-9827193 Jun 1998 WO
WO-9909952 Mar 1999 WO
WO-9938489 Aug 1999 WO
WO-9938491 Aug 1999 WO
WO-0075240 Dec 2000 WO
WO-0101931 Jan 2001 WO
WO 0123517 Apr 2001 WO
WO-0164180 Sep 2001 WO
WO-0170193 Sep 2001 WO
WO-0170926 Sep 2001 WO
WO-02100358 Dec 2002 WO
WO-03055456 Jul 2003 WO
WO-03105796 Dec 2003 WO
WO-2004018609 Mar 2004 WO
WO-2004026276 Apr 2004 WO
WO-2004050055 Jun 2004 WO
WO-2004083351 Sep 2004 WO
WO-2004096162 Nov 2004 WO
WO-2004098559 Nov 2004 WO
WO-2004100919 Nov 2004 WO
WO-2005048959 Jun 2005 WO
WO-2005065638 Jul 2005 WO
WO-2005067875 Jul 2005 WO
WO-2005084614 Sep 2005 WO
WO-2005084616 Sep 2005 WO
WO-2005123031 Dec 2005 WO
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20070187274 A1 Aug 2007 US
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
60772650 Feb 2006 US