Patent Application
20230249226
This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-0178982, filed on Feb. 8, 2022, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a cleaning apparatus and a rotary table.
A conventional cleaning apparatus includes a cover, a moving device, a turret including a plurality of nozzles mounted thereon and disposed on the moving device, a rotary table, and a table installed on the rotary table and having a workpiece placed thereon (Japanese Patent No. 6830170; hereinafter, Patent Literature 1).
Further, a downward nozzle, an L-shaped nozzle, and a lance, which are mounted on a cleaning apparatus having a turret, are known (for example, Japanese Patent No. 6860520; hereinafter, Patent Literature 2).
An L-shaped nozzle is required for cleaning the right and left side surfaces of the workpiece by the cleaning apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 1. The L-shaped nozzle disclosed in Patent Literature 2 may be difficult to clean depending on the backlash in a rotation direction or a shape of j et from the nozzle.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning apparatus and a rotary table capable of cleaning a target cleaning portion on any surface of the workpiece by a downward nozzle or a lance.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a cleaning apparatus, including:
a support table configured to rotate about a first axis that extends horizontally, the support table having a first surface on which a workpiece is to be installed and a second surface opposed to the first surface, the support table having a first through hole that passes through the support table in a direction of a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis;
a cleaning table on which the workpiece is to be installed, the cleaning table rotatable about the second axis, the cleaning table having a second through hole that passes through the cleaning table in a direction of the second axis to expose substantially entire surface of an installation surface of the workpiece;
a nozzle base configured to move in a lateral direction, a front-rear direction, and a vertical direction relative to the support table; and
a nozzle disposed on the nozzle base in a rotatable manner about a nozzle rotational axis extending in the vertical direction.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a rotary table, including:
a support table configured to rotate about a first axis that extends horizontally, the support table having a first through hole that passes through the support table in a direction of a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis;
a cleaning table on which a workpiece is to be installed, the cleaning table rotatable about the second axis, the cleaning table having a second through hole that passes through the cleaning table in a direction of the second axis to expose substantially entire surface of an installation surface of the workpiece;
a working fluid source;
a first coupler disposed on the support table to be connected to the working fluid source, the first coupler configured to advance or retract between a connection position and a retraction position, the first coupler being close to the second axis at the connection position, and the first coupler being away from the second axis at the retraction position;
a second coupler disposed on the cleaning table to be rotatable integrally with the cleaning table; and
a clamp connected to the second coupler;
wherein
when the cleaning table is at a connection phase, the first coupler moves to the connection position to be connected to the second coupler for connecting the clamp to the working fluid source, when the cleaning table is at the connection phase, the first coupler moves to the retraction position to disconnect the second coupler, and when the first coupler is at the retraction position, the cleaning table is rotatable about the second axis.
The cleaning apparatus is, for example, a deburring apparatus that causes the jet to collide with the burr to remove the burr.
The workpiece has one or more cleaning target portions. The cleaning target portion is, for example, a female screw, an oil hole, a water hole, a milling cut surface, a boss or an edge of a milling cut surface, an intersection of intersecting holes, and a place where a casting burr is generated.
The nozzle is, for example, a lance, a lateral jet splay nozzle, or a straight jet splay nozzle.
The first through hole may have a column portion disposed at a position closer to the workpiece than the enlarged diameter portion. The column portion of the first through hole has substantially the same cross section as the second through hole. The column portion of the first through hole may have a cross section larger than the cross section of the second through hole. Preferably, the cross section of the first through hole is circular. The cross section of the first through hole may be polygonal. The column portion is, for example, a cylindrical portion.
The second through hole has a cross section having a size of exposing substantially the entire installation surface of the workpiece. When the second axis is oriented vertically upward, the workpiece is placed above the cross section of the second through hole. Preferably, the cross section of the second through hole is circular. The cross section of the second through hole may be polygonal.
The working fluid is hydraulic oil or compressed air, preferably compressed air.
The clamp is, for example, a swing clamp, a toggle clamp, or an inner diameter clamp.
The first through hole may have a larger cross section as the first through hole is farther from the installation surface of the workpiece. The first through hole may have a portion having a constant cross-sectional shape with respect to the depth on the installation surface side of the workpiece. Preferably, the cross section of the through hole is circular. For example, the first through hole has a cylindrical portion on the installation surface side of the workpiece, and has an enlarged diameter portion on the side opposite to the installation surface.
Preferably, the second through hole has a cross-sectional shape substantially the same as the minimum cross-sectional shape of the first through hole. Preferably, the side surface of the second through hole is continuous to the side surface of the first through hole. For example, the second through hole has the same cross section as the cylindrical portion of the first through hole. When the cross sections of the first through hole and the second through hole are circular, the axes of the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxial with the second axis, respectively.
The first coupler and the second coupler are arranged in pairs. One or more sets of first couplers and second couplers are disposed. The first coupler abuts the second coupler at the connection position to be connected to the second coupler. The first coupler separated from the second coupler is disconnected from the second coupler.
Preferably, the advancing and retracting direction extends in a direction perpendicular to the second axis. The second coupler may be disposed in the second connection block. The guide rod slides in the guide hole to reciprocate. The guide rod and the guide hole extend in the advancing and retracting direction. Preferably, a plurality of guide rods or guide holes are arranged. The connection block is guided by the guide rod or the guide hole to move.
The second coupler may be configured not to keep pressure. In this case, the clamp is of a single-acting type. When the working fluid is supplied to the clamp, the clamp unclamps the workpiece from the cleaning table. When the working fluid is no longer supplied to the clamp, the clamp clamps the workpiece to the cleaning table. When the first coupler is moved to the retracted position, the supply of the working fluid to the clamp is stopped and the clamp clamps the workpiece to the cleaning table. When the first coupler is moved to the connection position, the working fluid is supplied to the clamp. At this time, the clamp unclamps the workpiece from the cleaning table.
The second coupler may be configured to keep pressure. In this case, two sets of the first coupler and the second coupler are arranged. The clamp is also double acting type. For example, the clamp has a double acting cylinder. The cylinder is a double acting cylinder having two connection ports. Two connection ports are respectively connected to the second coupler.
The second coupler capable of keeping pressure may be combined with a working fluid that is hydraulic fluid.
According to the cleaning apparatus and the rotary table of the present invention, the cleaning target portion of any surface of the workpiece can be cleaned by a downward nozzle or a lance.
As shown in
The cleaning chamber 12, the moving device 13, and the table rotating device 17 are fixed to the frame 11. The cleaning chamber 12 is a box-shaped cover that covers an upper portion of the frame 11. The cleaning chamber 12 has a loading door. The moving device 13 moves the turret 14 in a left-right direction (X-axis), in a front-rear direction (Y-axis), and in an up-down direction (Z-axis). The moving device 13, which is, for example, a column traverse type moving device, has a feed table.
The table rotating device 17 rotates the rotary table 20. The rotary table 20 rotates in a rotation direction (about A-axis) having a center at a first axis 2 extending in the left-right direction. The table rotating device 17 includes a driving device 17a and a tailstock 17b. The table rotating device 17 is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent No. 6752346.
The turret 14 is installed on the moving device 13. The turret 14 is disposed inside the cleaning chamber 12. The turret 14 includes a plurality of spindle support bases 14a and a plurality of spindles 14b. The spindle 14b is rotatably supported by the spindle support base 14a.
The nozzle 15 is fastened to the spindle 14b. The nozzle 15 rotates integrally with the spindle 14b. The turret 14 rotates a single nozzle 15 directing downward about a nozzle rotational axis 1 extending in the up-down direction.
Instead of the turret 14 and the plurality of nozzles 15, a nozzle base and a single nozzle 15 may be arranged. In this case, the moving device 13 moves the nozzle 15 in the left-right direction (X-axis), the front-rear direction (Y-axis), and the up-down direction (Z-axis).
The nozzle 15 is, for example, a lance 151 or a straight jet splay nozzle 152.
The ejection port 151c is disposed at a distal end portion of the nozzle shaft 151b. For example, two ejection ports 151c are arranged on a side surface of the nozzle shaft 151b so as to be rotationally symmetrical about the nozzle rotational axis 1. The ejection port 151c ejects the cleaning liquid along a jet axis 151e. A jet axis angle 151g between the jet axis 151e and the nozzle rotational axis 1 is, for example, 30 degrees to 90 degrees.
The flow path 151d extends along the center of the nozzle shaft 151b. The flow path 151d connects the flange 151a and the ejection port 151c. The nozzle 15 rotates about the nozzle rotational axis 1 integrally with the spindle 14b.
Next, the rotary table 20 will be described with reference to
A cross section V is a combined plane passing through an output shaft 37a of the motor 37, the second axis 3, and the first axis 2. The cross-section VI is a plane perpendicular to the second axis 3 and passing through a piston rod 51b (see
The workpiece 5 is installed in the jig 40. As shown in
The support table 21 is a trunnion table. The support table 21 is C-shaped as a whole. Both ends of the support table 21 are supported by the driving device 17a and the tailstock 17b. The support table 21 has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is a surface on which the workpiece 5 is placed. In
The support table 21 includes a fixed shaft 24, a baseplate 21a, a belt chamber 21b, and a first top plate 21c. The baseplate 21a has a C-shaped cross section. The fixed shaft 24 extends from the baseplate 21a toward the first axis 2 having a center at the second axis 3. A first through hole 23 is located inside the fixed shaft 24. The first through hole 23 may have a cylindrical portion 23a and an enlarged diameter portion 23b. The cylindrical portion 23a is disposed on the back surface side (lower side in
The bearing 25 is mounted on an outer side of the fixed shaft 24. The belt chamber 21b extends from the periphery of the fixed shaft 24 toward the motor 37 in a plan view on the upper surface (upper side in
The cleaning table 27 rotates in a rotation direction (about C-axis) having a center at the second axis 3 perpendicular to the first axis 2. The cleaning table 27 includes a hollow rotation shaft 27a, a second top plate 27b, and a second through hole 29. The hollow rotation shaft 27a, which is mounted on an outer side of the bearing 25, is disposed inside the belt chamber 21b. The second top plate 27b is located slightly above an upper end of the fixed shaft 24. An outer peripheral portion of the second top plate 27b is connected to the hollow rotation shaft 27a. The second top plate 27b may be integral with the hollow rotation shaft 27a. The outer periphery of the second top plate 27b is circular. Preferably, the outer diameter of the second top plate 27b is slightly smaller than the opening 21d of the first top plate 21c. The second through hole 29 has a circular cross-section having a center at the second axis 3. The second through hole 29 is located in the second top plate 27b. For example, the inner diameter of the second through hole 29 is the same as the diameter of the upper end of the enlarged diameter portion 23b of the first through hole 23.
The sealing 28 seals between the first top plate 21c and the second top plate 27b. The sealing 30 seals between the fixed shaft 24 and the hollow rotation shaft 27a.
The motor 37 is installed on the support table 21. The motor 37 is disposed at an end portion of the support table 21 in a plan view. The motor 37 has an output shaft 37a that is parallel to the second axis 3. For example, the motor 37 is fastened to the first top plate 21c and covered with the motor cover 26. The motor 37 is, for example, a servo motor, a PM synchronous motor, or a stepping motor. The motor 37 may include a speed reducer.
The toothed driven pulley 31 is arranged radially outward of the hollow rotation shaft 27a to be fastened to the hollow rotation shaft 27a. The toothed driving pulley 33 is fastened to the output shaft 37a. The endless toothed belt 35 is mounted between the toothed driving pulley 33 and the toothed driven pulley 31. The idler 34 is installed on the support table 21 via, for example, the tensioner 36. The idler 34 is disposed outside the endless toothed belt 35. The tensioner 36 presses idler 34 against the endless toothed belt 35. This provides sufficient tension to the endless toothed belt 35.
The tensioner 36 may move the position of the motor 37.
The jig 40 includes a jig plate 38, a seat pin 41, a positioning pin 42, and the clamp 39.
The jig 40 may include a seating detection nozzle 43 (see
The jig plate 38 is fastened to the second top plate 27b. The jig plate 38 has an opening 38a. As shown in
The seat pin 41 extends upward from the jig plate 38. The installation surface 5a of the workpiece 5 is placed on the seat pin 41.
The positioning pin 42 extends upwardly from the jig plate 38. The positioning pin 42 is inserted into the pin hole 5b of the workpiece 5.
The clamp 39 is a single acting clamp. The clamp 39 is installed on the jig plate 38. The clamp 39 may include a single acting cylinder 39a, a clamp arm 39b, and an inlet-outlet port 39c. The clamp 39 may be, for example, a swing clamp or a toggle clamp. The clamp 39 clamps the workpiece 5 in a normal state. The clamp 39 unclamps the workpiece 5 only when the working fluid is supplied to the single acting cylinder 39a.
As shown in
In
The body 47 is fastened to the support table 21. The body 47 has a cylinder 49 and a guide hole 50. The body 47 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The body 47 is disposed along a plane perpendicular to the advancing and retracting direction 7. The cylinder 49 is disposed, for example, at a lower central portion of the body 47 and extends along the advancing and retracting direction 7.
The piston body 51 is disposed inside the cylinder 49. The piston body 51 reciprocates inside the cylinder 49 in the advancing and retracting direction 7. The piston body 51 has a piston 51a and a piston rod 51b. The piston rod 51b is connected to the first connection block 61. The cylinder 49 is divided into a first chamber 49a and a second chamber 49b by the piston 51a. The piston seal 52, which is mounted to the piston 51a, seals between the first chamber 49a and the second chamber 49b.
The guide hole 50 is a cylindrical hole that opens toward the second axis 3 and extends along the advancing and retracting direction 7. The guide bush 55 or the guide seal 56 may be disposed in the guide hole 50.
The first connection block 61 is disposed closer to the second axis 3 than the body 47. The first connection block 61 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped. The first connection block 61 is disposed along a plane perpendicular to the advancing and retracting direction 7.
The guide rod 63 is fastened to the first connection block 61. The guide rod 63, which has a cylindrical shape, extends along the advancing and retracting direction 7. The guide rod 63 has a fluid channel 63a therein. The fluid channel 63a connects the guide hole 50 and the first coupler 64. The guide rod 63 has, for example, a flange or a fitting portion to be arranged at an accurate position with respect to the first connection block 61. The guide rod 63 slides in the guide hole 50. The guide rod 63 may slide on the guide bush 55.
The guide seal 56 is attached to the guide hole 50 to seal between the guide rod 63 and the guide hole 50. Preferably, a gap is provided between a distal end of the guide rod 63 and a bottom of the guide hole 50 when the first connection block 61 is at the retracted position 8. Preferably, when the first connection block 61 is at the connection position 9, the guide rod 63 is inserted into the guide hole 50 with a sufficient length.
The first coupler 64 is disposed on the second axis 3 side of the first connection block 61. Preferably, the first couplers 64 are arranged side by side on a plane perpendicular to the advancing and retracting direction 7.
The first connection block 61, which is guided by the guide hole 50 and the guide rod 63, reciprocates along the advancing and retracting direction 7 by the piston body 51. The first coupler 64, the first connection block 61, the piston body 51, and the guide rod 63 reciprocate together.
The second connection block 67 is fastened to the cleaning table 27. The second connection block 67 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape. When the cleaning table 27 is at the connection phase 6, the second connection block 67 is arranged along a plane perpendicular to the advancing and retracting direction 7. The first coupler 64 and the second coupler 68 are arranged in parallel and coaxially to face each other.
The second coupler 68 is disposed on the first connection block 61 side of the second connection block 67. Preferably, when the cleaning table 27 is at the connection phase 6, the second couplers 68 are arranged side by side on a plane perpendicular to the advancing and retracting direction 7. The second coupler 68 is brought into contact with the first coupler 64 to be connected to the first coupler 64. The second coupler 68 is connected to the seating detection nozzle 43 and the clamp 39. The second coupler 68 rotates about the second axis 3 integrally with the second connection block 67 and the cleaning table 27.
As shown in
The working fluid source 71 is, for example, a compressor or a factory air supply port. The working fluid is compressed air.
The piston valve 72 is a direction switching valve. Preferably, the piston valve 72 is a solenoid valve. The piston valve 72 is, for example, a four-port valve. The piston valve 72 supplies the working fluid to either one of the first chamber 49a or the second chamber 49b, and discharges the working fluid from the other one.
When the cleaning table 27 is at the connection phase 6, the piston valve 72 supplies compressed air to the first chamber 49a and vents air from the second chamber 49b. Then, the piston 51a moves to the left side in
The piston valve 72 supplies compressed air to the second chamber 49b and vents air from the first chamber 49a. Then, the piston 51a moves to the right side in
The clamp valve 73 is a two-port valve. Preferably, the clamp valve 73 is a solenoid valve. The clamp valve 73 supplies the working fluid to the clamp 39 via the second circuit 70 when the first coupler 64 and the second coupler 68 are connected. When the first coupler 64 and the second coupler 68 are disconnected, the clamp valve 73 shuts off the working fluid.
The seating detection device 74 is disposed between the guide hole 50 and the working fluid source 71. When the first coupler 64 and the second coupler 68 are connected, the first circuit 69 connects the seating detection nozzle 43 and the working fluid source 71 via the seating detection device 74. At this time, the seating detection device 74 causes the working fluid to flow to the seating detection nozzle 43 at a constant pressure.
When the workpiece 5 is appropriately installed, the installation surface 5a of the workpiece 5 closes the seating detection nozzle 43 to increase the fluid pressure in the first circuit 69. At this time, the seating detection device 74 detects the installation of the workpiece 5. When the workpiece 5 is not appropriately installed, the installation surface 5a does not close the seating detection nozzle 43. At this time, the fluid pressure in the first circuit 69 decreases, and the seating detection device 74 does not detect the installation of the workpiece 5.
According to the present embodiment, the rotary table 20 freely rotates the workpiece 5 in the A-axis direction and C-axis direction. Any cleaning target portion 5c of the workpiece 5 is thus directed vertically upward (Z-axis). The lance 151 and the straight jet splay nozzle 152 freely moves in XYZ direction. The lance 151 is thus inserted into the cleaning target portion 5c that opens in any direction. In addition, the axis line of the cleaning target portion 5c which opens in any direction can be aligned with the nozzle rotational axis 1. The jet ejected from the straight jet splay nozzle 152 thus straightly collides with the cleaning target portion 5c.
The support table 21 has the first through hole 23. The cleaning table 27 has the second through hole 29 that overlaps with the first through hole 23. The substantially entire surface of the installation surface 5a of the workpiece 5 is thus exposed to the back surface of the support table 21 through the first through hole 23, the second through hole 29 and the opening 38a. The length 151f of the lance 151 is longer than the sum of the length 20f of the rotary table 20 and the depth 5f of the cleaning target portion 5c (see
Further, the jet ejected from the straight jet splay nozzle 152 collides with the cleaning target portion 5c through the first through hole 23, the second through hole 29 and the opening 38a.
Preferably, the first through hole 23 and the second through hole 29 are sufficiently larger than the installation surface 5a of the workpiece 5. However, depending on the installation area of the cleaning apparatus 10 and the size of the cleaning chamber 12, the first through hole 23 and the second through hole 29 may not be sufficiently large. When the installation surface 5a is larger than the first through hole 23 and the second through hole 29, the installation surface 5a of the workpiece 5 may be partially hidden as viewed along the second axis 3. As the first through hole 23 has the enlarged diameter portion 23b, the lance 151 can be inserted into the peripheral portion of the installation surface 5a by tilting the second axis 3 with respect to the vertical direction as shown in
As described above, the cleaning apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment cleans the workpiece 5 better.
Further, the cleaning apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment allows all the cleaning target portions 5c to be cleaned by the lance 151 or the straight jet splay nozzle 152. This allows any surfaces and the cleaning target portion 5c disposed on any surfaces to be cleaned without using the L-shaped ejection nozzle.
When the cleaning table 27 is at the connection phase 6, the coupling device 45 connects the first coupler 64 and the second coupler 68. At this time, the clamp valve 73 supplies the working fluid to the clamp 39, and the clamp 39 unclamps the workpiece 5. The robot or the operator removes the workpiece 5 on which the cleaning is completed, and then installs a workpiece 5 to be cleaned next. Here, the seating detection device 74 checks whether or not the workpiece 5 is appropriately installed. The coupling device 45 then moves the first coupler 64 to the retracted position 8. At this time, the clamp 39 clamps the workpiece 5, and the cleaning table 27 becomes rotatable. As the clamp 39 is a single acting clamp, the workpiece 5 can be clamped in a state in which the coupling device 45 is disconnected without holding the working fluid in the clamp 39.
As illustrated in
The coupling device 145 includes a body 147, a first connection block 161, a second connection block 167, a first coupling 164, and a second coupling 168. The coupling device 145 may include a guide shaft 175 and a guide bush 176. The coupling device 145 includes two sets of first circuits 169 and two sets of second circuits 170. The configuration of the first circuit 169 is substantially the same as that of the first circuit 69 of the first embodiment. The configuration of the second circuit 170 is substantially the same as that of the second circuit 70 of the first embodiment.
The first coupling 164 is connected to the second coupling 168. The second coupling 168 keeps the internal pressure of the working fluid when separated from the first coupling 164.
The guide bush 176 is disposed on the body 147. The guide shaft 175 is fastened to the first connection block 161. The guide shaft 175 extends in the advancing and retracting direction 7. The guide shaft 175 slides inside the guide bush 176.
The first connection block 161 is guided by the guide rod 63 and the guide shaft 175 to reciprocate in the advancing and retracting direction 7. This allows the first connection block 161 to reciprocate smoothly while preventing the first connection block 161 from inclining.
The jig 140 includes a clamp 139 and two seating detection nozzles 43.
The clamp 139 is a double acting clamp. The clamp 139 includes a double acting cylinder 139a and a clamp arm 139b. The double acting cylinder 139a includes two ports 139c. The ports 139c are connected to each of the second circuit 170. The seating detection nozzles 43 are connected to each of the first circuit 169.
The clamp valve 173 is, for example, a 3-position 5-port solenoid valve. The clamp valve 173, for example, stops the clamp 139 at an intermediate position.
According to the cleaning apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the internal pressure of the working fluid can be maintained when the second coupling 168 is separated from the first coupling 164, and thus the double acting clamp 139 can be used. In addition, when the clamp valve 173 is a three-position solenoid valve, the double acting clamp 139 can be stopped at an intermediate position. For example, the clamp valve 173 can immediately stop the clamp 139 when a robot or an operator's body enters the cleaning apparatus 100 during a clamping operation.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-017982 | Feb 2022 | JP | national |
