Patent Application
20160004206
This patent application is based on and claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-138502, filed on Jul. 4, 2014, in the Japan Patent Office, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a cleaning blade, and an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge using the cleaning blade.
2. Description of the Related Art
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus typically forms an image by the following process. Namely, first, an image bearer such as a photoconductor uniformly charged by a charger is scanned with light to form an electrostatic latent image thereon, and the electrostatic latent image is developed by an image developer. Next, a toner image formed on the image bearer by the development is directly or through an intermediate transferer on a recording sheet. An untransferred toner adhering to the surface of the image bearer is removed by a cleaning blade.
A cleaning blade using a strip-shaped elastic body is well known because of having simple constitution and good cleanability. The elastic blade is formed of an elastic body such as polyurethane rubbers. A base end of the elastic blade is fixed on a rigid holder and a tip ridgeline thereof is pressed against a circumferential surface of an image bearer such as photoreceptors to dam and scrape off a toner remaining on the image bearer.
However, when a spherical toner is used to produce high-quality images, it enters a slight gap between the cleaning blade formed of only a conventional rubber and the photoreceptor drum, and soon scrapes off from the gap, occasionally resulting in poor cleaning.
A contact pressure between the image bearer and the cleaning blade needs increasing to prevent the toner from scraping from the gap. However, when the contact pressure is increased, a friction between an image bearer 3 and a cleaning blade 62 in
In order to prevent the tip ridgeline 62c of the cleaning blade contacting the surface of the photoconductor drum from turning over, trials of hardening the edge to be difficult to deform are made. For example, a surface layer including an UV curing resin is formed on the tip ridgeline 62c of the cleaning blade or the elastic member such that the tip ridgeline 62c is hardened to prevent the tip ridgeline 62c from turning over.
Japanese published unexamined application No. JP-2010-152295-A discloses a cleaning blade which is an elastic blade formed of a urethane rubber or the like and a surface layer harder than the elastic blade, which covers a tip ridgeline part thereof contacting an image bearer. This claims the blade removes a downsized and spheroidized polymerization toner well, and prevents the blade from turning over the tip ridgeline, making a noise and being abraded to have stable cleanability for long periods.
However, the cleaning blade disclosed in Japanese published unexamined application No. JP-2010-152295-A has lower followability to fine oscillation of the image bearer to cause poor cleaning due to its tip ridgeline having high hardness. Recently, needs for image forming apparatus with electrophotographic process at higher speed have been increasing. The higher image forming speed, not less than a linear speed of 60 mm/sec, causes an axis of the image bearer rotating at high speed to finely oscillate. Therefore, the cleaning blade disclosed in Japanese published unexamined application No. JP-2010-152295-A is not sufficiently suitable for the higher speed image forming apparatus.
When the blade is hardened against turn over and abrasion, the blade deteriorates in followability. When softened to increase followability, the blade tends to turn over and easily abrade. This is a trade-off relation, and a cleaning blade preventing turn over and abrasion and having followability is required, particularly in a high-speed image forming apparatus rotating a photoreceptor drum at a high speed.
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning blade having high followability and preventing its tip ridgeline from turning over, itself from making a noise and being abraded to have stable cleanability even in high speed printing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus using the cleaning blade.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a process cartridge using the cleaning blade.
These objects and other objects of the present invention, either individually or collectively, have been satisfied by the discovery of a cleaning blade cleaning the surface of an object, including a rigid holder; and a strip-shaped elastic body fixed on the holder, including a tip ridgeline contact the surface of the object, wherein the cleaning blade includes a part having a Martens hardness of from 0.9 to 5.0 N/mm2 at a depth of 20 μm from an undersurface of the blade including the ridgeline, 0.3 to 0.8 N/mm2 at a depth of 40 μm therefrom, and the Martens hardness at a depth of 20 μm therefrom larger than that at a depth of 40 μm therefrom by 0.6 N/mm2.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Various other objects, features and attendant advantages of the present invention will be more fully appreciated as the same becomes better understood from the detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters designate like corresponding parts throughout and wherein:
The present invention provides a cleaning blade having high followability and preventing its tip ridgeline from turning over, itself from making a noise and being abraded to have stable cleanability even in high speed printing.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a cleaning blade cleaning the surface of an object, including a rigid holder; and a strip-shaped elastic body fixed on the holder, including a tip ridgeline contact the surface of the object, wherein the cleaning blade includes a part having a Martens hardness of from 0.9 to 5.0 N/mm2 at a depth of 20 μm from an undersurface of the blade including the ridgeline, 0.3 to 0.8 N/mm2 at a depth of 40 μm therefrom, and the Martens hardness at a depth of 20 μm therefrom larger than that at a depth of 40 μm therefrom by 0.6 N/mm2.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings. In describing exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the disclosure of this patent specification is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific element includes all technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner and achieve a similar result.
Next, the cleaning blade of the present invention is explained.
A cleaning blade 62 includes a strip-shaped holder 621 which is made of a rigid material such as metals and hard plastics, and a strip-shaped elastic blade 622. The holder 621 may be formed of any materials if it is capable of fixing the elastic blade 622. The elastic blade 622 is preferably a material having high impact resilience coefficient such as polyurethane.
An undersurface 62b which is one of two surfaces including a ridgeline contacting an object to be cleaned of the cleaning blade, facing downstream in travel direction of an object to be cleaned, has a Martens hardness of from 0.9 to 5.0 N/mm2 at a depth of 20 μm and 0.3 to 0.8 N/mm2 at a depth of 40 μm from the surface in an arrow direction in
The part having the above Martens hardness is preferably in a range not less than 1 mm from the tip ridgeline 62c of the undersurface of the blade.
A difference of the hardness between the surface and the inside of the elastic blade increases followability thereof and prevents the blade from turning over and abrading.
Marten's hardness is measured as follows. Namely, a microscopic hardness meter HM-2000 from Fischer Instruments is used, in which Vickers indenter is pushed into an object at 1.0 mN for 10 sec, held for 5 sec, and drawn at 1.0 mN for 10 sec.
The strip-shaped elastic blade is cut in round slices in a vertical direction, and the insides of 20, 30 and 40 μm from the surface including the ridgeline were measured.
The difference of the hardness between the surface and the inside of the elastic blade is obtained by impregnating the elastic blade 622 such as polyurethane with a curable resin monomer or forming a surface layer thereon to be highly hardened. When the blade is impregnated, curable resin monomers, polymerization initiators, curing methods, concentration of solid contents, concentration of the polymerization initiators in an impregnation liquid, impregnation time vary depth of a hardened point. In the present invention, in order to realize high followability of the cleaning blade, the above conditions are studied to harden only an extreme surface near the ridgeline of the cleaning blade. The elastic blade is preferably formed of at least a polyurethane rubber and an acrylic curable resin. Specifically, the acrylic curable resin is cured with an UV light using a radical polymerization initiator. Typically, the curable resins include thermosetting resins. All the parts impregnated therewith are cured and it is difficult to harden only the extreme surface. In addition, the radical polymerization initiator preferably has a shorter absorption wavelength, and an UV irradiation lamp is preferably a high-pressure mercury lamp having an illuminance peak at shorter wavelength side. The absorption wavelength of the radical polymerization initiator and the illuminance peak of the UV irradiation lamp are adapted such that UV light is efficiently absorbed at the surface of the blade and the blade is not hardened inside. Therefore, only the extreme surface is hardened. A metal halide lamp irradiating UV light having an illuminance peak at longer absorption wavelength scatters UV light less. Therefore, UV light easily reaches inside, resulting in difficulty of making difference of hardness. In addition, the polymerization initiator preferably has a concentration not less than 10% by weight based on total weight of the acrylic monomers. Therefore, UV light is absorbed by the polymerization initiator at the surface to prevent the inside from hardening. More preferably not greater than 50% by weight. When greater than that, hardening tends to be impaired. A combination of these conditions easily obtains hardness profile of the present invention.
Further, as shown in
The thin layer preferably has a thickness of from 1 to 5 μm.
An edge surface 62a which is one of two surfaces including a ridgeline contacting an object to be cleaned of the cleaning blade, facing upstream in travel direction of an object to be cleaned is not specified in hardness profile as the undersurface 62b, but preferably impregnated as the undersurface 62b is, and coated with acrylic curable resin
The elastic blade 622 is preferably formed of, but is not limited to, polyurethane rubber, and preferably has a Martens hardness not greater than 0.8 N/mm2. Polyurethane rubber more preferably has a Martens hardness of from 0.3 to 0.8 N/mm2.
The UV curing resins are preferably used as the curable resin monomers.
Typical UV curing resins such as modified acrylate can be used, but the followings are preferably used to fully exert cleanability. Namely, when the elastic blade is impregnated, a (meth)acrylate compound having a tricyclodecane structure such as tricyclodecane methanol di(meth)acrylate is preferably used.
Fluorine acrylic monomers are preferably used because of decreasing roughness of the coated surface and leveling the surface.
Various marketed polymerization initiators can be used, e.g., radical polymerization initiators such as Irgacure 651 and 184 having good reactivity from BASF are preferably used. A polymerization initiator having photobleachability such as Irgacure 851 from BASF is not preferably used because of hardening inside. A high-pressure mercury lamp is preferably used to irradiate UV light. The content of the polymerization initiator is preferably not less than 10% by weight based on total weight of the curable monomers. The impregnation time is preferably not longer than a few minutes although depending on the formulation of the coating liquid. When longer than 10 min, it is difficult to harden only the extreme surface.
When a surface layer is formed on the surface of the elastic blade by spray coating of a coating liquid including UV curing resin monomers, (meth)acrylate compounds having a functional group equivalent molecular weight not greater than 350 and 3 to 6 functional groups such as pentaerythritoltriacrylate and dipentaerythritolhexaacrylate are preferably used.
When the elastic blade 622 is impregnated by dip coating, (meth)acrylate compounds having a tricyclodecane structure such as tricyclodecane methanol dimethacrylate are preferably used. These acrylates very effectively increase hardness of the elastic blade.
In the coating liquid in spraying and dipping, a polymerization initiator, a polymerization inhibitor, a diluted solvent, etc. besides the hardening resin monomers may be mixed. These are not particularly limited, and marketed products can be used.
Next, the image forming apparatus and the process cartridge of the present invention are explained.
The image forming apparatus of the present invention includes an image bearer and a cleaning member contacting the surface of the image bearer to remove unnecessary adherents adhering thereto, and finally transfer an image formed on the image bearer onto a recording medium. The cleaning member is the cleaning blade of the present invention.
The process cartridge detachable from image forming apparatus of the present invention includes an image bearer and a cleaning member contacting the surface of the image bearer to remove unnecessary adherents adhering thereto. The cleaning member is the cleaning blade of the present invention.
As illustrated in
Each of the process cartridges 20Y, 20M, 20C and 20BK includes a photoconductive drum 21 as an image bearer, a charger 22 charging the surface of the photoconductive drum 21 and a cleaning unit 25 collecting an untransferred toner on the photoconductive drum 21. The irradiating (writing) unit 2 optically scans the uniformly-charged surface of each of the process cartridges 20Y, 20M, 20C and 20BK to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of each of the photoconductive drums 21. Each of the developing units 23Y, 23M, 23C and 23BK develops the electrostatic latent image on each of the photoconductive drums 21. Each of the toner supply units 32Y, 32M, 32C and 32BK supplies each color toner to each of the developing units 23Y, 23M, 23C and 23BK.
Below the imaging area, an intermediate transfer belt 27 on which plural toner images are overlappingly transferred is provided. A transfer bias roller 24 transferring a toner image formed on the photoconductive drum 21 onto to the intermediate transfer belt 27 is provided opposite to the photoconductive drum 21 through the intermediate transfer belt 27. Further, the image forming apparatus 1 includes a second transfer bias roller 28 transferring a toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 27 onto a recording medium P and an intermediate transfer belt cleaning unit 29 collecting an untransferred toner on the intermediate transfer belt 27. Further, the image forming apparatus 1 includes a paper feed unit 61 containing recording media P such a transfer paper, a transfer belt 30 transferring the recoding medium P on which a 4-color toner image is transferred, and a fixing unit 66 fixing an unfixed image on the recoding medium P.
Above the image forming apparatus, a document reader 55 reading image information on a document D and a document feeder 51 feeding the document D to the document reader 55 are provided.
Hereafter, typical color image formation in the image forming apparatus is explained.
First, the document D placed on a document tray of the document feeder 51 is transported in a direction shown by an arrow F in
Specifically, the document reader 55 emits light, generated with a light source (not illustrated), to an image on the document D placed on a contact glass 53. Light reflected from the document D is focused onto a color sensor (not illustrated) via mirrors and lenses. The color sensor reads color image information of the document D as RGB (i.e., red, green, and blue) information, and then converts RGB information to electric signals. Based on the electric signals for RGB information, an image processor (not illustrated) conducts various processes such as color converting process, color correction process, and spatial frequency correction process to obtain color image information of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black.
The color image information of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black are then transmitted to the irradiating unit 2. The irradiating unit 2 emits a laser beam corresponding to the color image information of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, to the respective photoconductive drum 21 in the process cartridges 20Y, 20M, 20C and 20BK.
The photoconductive drum 21 is rotated in a clockwise direction in
When the charged surface of photoconductive drum 21 comes to an irradiation position, the irradiating unit 2 emits a laser beam corresponding to each color of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. As illustrated in
A laser beam for yellow component, reflected on mirrors 6 to 8, irradiates the surface of the photoconductive drum 21 in the process cartridge 20Y as illustrated in
In a similar way, a laser beam for magenta component, reflected on mirrors 9 to 11, irradiates the surface of the photoconductive drum 21 in the process cartridge 20M as illustrated in
Then, each of the electrostatic latent images on the respective photoconductive drum 21 comes to a position facing each of the developing units 23Y, 23M, 23C, and 23BK. Each of the developing units 23Y, 23M, 23C, and 23BK supplies respective color toner (i.e., yellow, magenta, cyan, and black) to the respective photoconductive drum 21 to develop respective toner image on the respective photoconductive drum 21 (developing process).
After such developing process, the photoconductive drum 21 comes to a position facing the intermediate transfer belt 27. As illustrated in
Then, the photoconductive drum 21 comes to a position facing the cleaning unit 25. The cleaning unit 25 recovers toners remained on the photoconductive drum 21 after developing process (cleaning process). Then, a discharger (not illustrated) discharges the photoconductive drum 21 to prepare the photoconductive drum 21 for a next image forming operation on the photoconductive drum 21.
The intermediate transfer belt 27 having toner images thereon travels in a direction shown by an arrow L in
During such image forming process, the recording medium P is transported to the position of the second transfer bias roller 28 from the paper feed unit 61 via a transport guide 63 and a registration roller 64.
Specifically, the recording medium P in the paper feed unit 61 is fed to the transport guide 63, and further fed to the registration roller 64. Such registration roller 64 feeds the recording medium P to the position of the second transfer bias roller 28 by synchronizing a feed timing with toner-image formation timing on the intermediate transfer belt 27.
Then, the recording medium P having the toner images thereon is transported to the fixing unit 66 by the transport belt 30. The fixing unit 66 includes a heat roller 67 and a pressure roller 68 as illustrated in
The image forming apparatus 1 includes four image forming sections for image forming process. Because the four image forming sections have a similar configuration one to another except a color of toner T, reference characters of Y, M, C, and K for process cartridges, developing units, and toner supply units or other parts are omitted from
As illustrated in
The photoconductive drum 21 as an image bearer is typically a negatively-chargeable organic photoconductor. The photoconductor may have a single-layered or multi-layered photosensitive layer. The photoconductor may have an intermediate layer between its substrate and photosensitive layer, and a surface layer on its outermost surface. The photoconductor of the present invention preferably has a surface layer including an acrylic cured resin. The surface layer may include a charge transport material and a particulate metal oxide besides the acrylic cured resin. The acrylic cured resin is obtained by curing a marketed acrylic monomer with UV light. In the present invention, the photoconductive drum 21 rotates at a high linear speed not less than 600 mm/sec for high-speed printing.
A corona wire is extended at the center of a U-shaped metal plate in the charger 22. A predetermined voltage is supplied from an unillustrated power source to the corona wire of the charger 22 so as to uniformly charge the surfaces of the photoconductor drum 21. Further, a metal grid panel may be provided on an opposing surface of the charger 22 that faces the photoconductor drum 21.
The developing unit 23 includes a developing roller 23a provided opposite the photoconductor 21, a first conveyance screw 23b provided opposite the developing roller 23a, a second conveyance screw 23c provided opposite the first conveyance screw 23b with a wall 23e interposed therebetween, and a doctor blade 23d provided opposite the developing roller 23a, away from the first conveyance screw 23b. The developing roller 23a is constructed of a magnet fixed therewithin to form magnetic poles around a surface of the developing roller 23a and a sleeve rotated around the magnet. Multiple magnetic poles are formed on the developing roller 23a by the magnet so that the developing roller 23a carries a developer G thereon.
The developer G, which in this case is a two-component developer including a carrier C and toner T, is stored in the developing unit 23.
Specifically, the toner T is a spherical toner having a circularity of not less than 0.98. A flow-type particle image analyzer FPIA-2000 manufactured by Sysmex Corporation was used to measure an average circularity of the toner T. Measurements were performed in the following manner. From 0.1 ml to 0.5 ml of surfactant (preferably alkylbenzene sulfonate) serving as a dispersant and from 0.1 g to 0.5 g of a sample, that is, toner, were added to from 100 ml to 150 ml of water, from which impurities were removed in advance. Subsequently, the mixture in which the toner is dispersed was dispersed using an ultrasonic dispersing machine for from 1 to 3 minutes to prepare a sample solution including 3,000 to 10,000 particles/μl. The sample solution thus prepared was then set to the flow-type particle image analyzer FPIA-2000 to measure the shape and particle size distribution of the toner T.
The spherical toner is formed by heating a deformed pulverization toner to be spheric and a polymerization method.
The toner supply unit 32 provided to the image forming apparatus 1 is constructed of a replaceable toner bottle 33 and a toner hopper 34 that holds and rotatably drives the toner bottle 33 as well as supplies a new toner T to the developing unit 23. The toner bottle 33 stores the new toner T of the specified color and has a spiral protrusion on an inner surface thereof.
It is to be noted that the new toner T is appropriately supplied from the toner bottle 33 into the developing unit 23 through a toner supply opening 23f in accordance with consumption of the toner T stored in the developing unit 23. A reflective-type photosensor 41 provided opposite the photoconductor 21 and a magnetic sensor 40 provided below the second conveyance screw 23c directly or indirectly detect consumption of the toner T in the developing unit 23.
A toner concentration (TC) in the developing unit 23 is controlled to be in a predetermined range. Specifically, the new toner T is appropriately supplied from the toner supply unit 32 to the developing unit 23 via the toner supply opening 23f provided to the developing unit 23 such that detected values output from the magnetic sensor 40 and the reflective-type photosensor 41 have the predetermined value.
The lubricant supplier 45 includes a lubricant supply roller 45b (lubricant supply brush roller) scraping the photoconductor drum 21 with a brush formed around the roller 45b to supply a lubricant to photoconductor drum 21 and a solid lubricant 45c contacting the lubricant supply roller 45b. The lubricant supplier 45 further includes a compression spring 45d biasing the solid lubricant 45c to the lubricant supply roller 45b and a thinning blade 45a (coating blade) contacting the photoconductor drum 21 to thin a lubricant supplied thereon. The lubricant supplier 45 is located at downstream side in the rotational direction of the photoconductor drum 21 relative to the cleaning unit 25 (cleaning blade 62) and upstream side thereof relative to the charger 22.
The lubricant supply roller 45b includes a core bar and a brush wound around an outer circumference of the core bar, and rotates anticlockwise while the brush contacts the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 in
The lubricant supplier 45 applies a lubricant to the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 and improves releasability (removability) of a toner to prevent poor cleaning.
The solid lubricant 45c is preferably zinc stearate. Specific examples of the solid lubricant 45c include, besides zinc stearate, stearate groups such as barium stearate, iron stearate, nickel stearate, cobalt stearate, copper stearate, strontium stearate, and calcium stearate; fatty acid groups such as zinc oleate, barium oleate, lead oleate, copper oleate, zinc palmitate, barium palmitate, lead palmitate, and copper palmitate. A caprylic acid group, a linolenic acid group, and a co-linolenic acid group can be used as the fatty acid groups. Yet further alternatively, waxes such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, rice wax, haze wax, jojoba wax, bees wax, and lanoline can be used for the solid lubricant 45c. An organic solid lubricant compatible with toner is easily formed from the above-described materials.
The thinning blade 45a is a blade-shaped member formed of a rubber material such as polyurethane rubber and contacts the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 at a predetermined angle and a predetermined pressure. The thinning blade 45a is located at a downstream side in the rotational direction of the photoconductor drum 21 relative to the cleaning blade 62. The lubricant provided on the photoconductor drum 21 by the lubricant supply roller 45b is uniformly thinned thereon by the thinning blade 45a in a suitable amount.
When the solid lubricant 45c is applied to the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 through the lubricant supply roller 45b, the lubricant having the shape of a powder is applied thereto. However, since the lubricant does not exert its lubricity enough in the form of a powder, the thinning blade 45a works as a member thinning and uniforming the lubricant. The thinning blade 45a forms a film of the lubricant on the photoconductor drum 21 such that the lubricant sufficiently exerts its lubricity.
The cleaning unit 25 is formed of the cleaning blade 62 contacting the photoconductor drum 21 to cleaning the surface thereof, the cleaning roller 25b (cleaning brush) a brush scraping the photoconductor drum 21 is formed around, etc. The cleaning blade 62 contacts the surface of the photoconductor drum 21 at a predetermined angle and a predetermined pressure. Thus, adhering materials adhering to the photoconductor drum 21 are mechanically scraped off and collected in the cleaning unit 25.
The cleaning blade 62 is the cleaning blade of the present invention.
Having generally described this invention, further understanding can be obtained by reference to certain specific examples which are provided herein for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting. In the descriptions in the following examples, the numbers represent weight ratios in parts, unless otherwise specified.
Resin 1 A-DCP from Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. is tricyclodecane methanol dimethacrylate having two functional groups, a functional group equivalent molecular weight of 152 and the following formula.
Resin 1 DPHA from Daicel-Cytec Company, Ltd. is pentaerythritol hexaacrylate having six functional groups, a functional group equivalent molecular weight of 96 and the following formula.
A strip-shaped polyurethane rubber having a length of 360 mm, a width of 2 mm and a Martens of from 0.6 to 0.8 N/mm2 was used as the elastic blade.
The Martens hardness of the polyurethane rubber was measured by a microscopic hardness meter HM-2000 from Fischer Instruments is used, in which Vickers indenter is pushed into an object at 1.0 mN for 10 sec, held for 5 sec, and drawn at 1.0 mN for 10 sec.
The polyurethane rubber was fixed on the holder 621 formed of a metal plate with an adhesive so as to have a projected length L of 8 mm from the holder 621 as shown in
The elastic blade 622 was highly hardened as follows. Namely, first, 3 mm from the ridgeline was dipped in the coating liquid 1 and kept therein for 60 sec to form an impregnated part 62d as shown by a shaded area in
Then, in 5 min, the blade was irradiated with UV light by a high-pressure mercury lamp with a light source having an intensity peak at a wavelength of 365 nm in a wavelength range of from 200 to 500 nm. The blade on a conveyor was cured with UV light while passing under the high-pressure mercury lamp at 50 cm/min so as to receive light quantity of 6,000 J/cm2. Then, the blade was dried at 100° C. for 30 min to obtain a [cleaning blade 1].
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 1 in Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 2] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 2.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 1 in Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 3] except for changing the time of dipping in the coating liquid from 60 sec to 5 min.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 3 in Example 3 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 4] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 2.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 2 in Example 2 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 5] except for replacing the elastic blade with an elastic blade having a Martens hardness of from 0.3 to 0.4 N/mm2.
In Example 1, after the blade was dipped in the coating liquid 1 and a residue was wiped off therefrom, the coating liquid 5 was sprayed on the edge surface 62a of the blade in
Next, the coating liquid 5 was sprayed on an under surface 62b of the blade in
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 2 in Example 2 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 7] except for replacing the coating liquid 2 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 3 in Example 3 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 8] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 4 in Example 4 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 9] except for replacing the coating liquid 2 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 5 in Example 5 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 10] except for replacing the coating liquid 2 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 6 in Example 6 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 11] except that the polyurethane rubber was fixed on the holder 621 formed of a metal plate with an adhesive so as to have the projected length L of 4 mm from the holder 62, and a place 2 mm from the tip ridgeline 62c of the urethane rubber to the holder 621 was dipped.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 10 in Example 10 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 12] except that the polyurethane rubber was fixed on the holder 621 formed of a metal plate with an adhesive so as to have the projected length L of 4 mm from the holder 62, and a place 2 mm from the tip ridgeline 62c of the urethane rubber to the holder 621 was dipped.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 12 in Example 12 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 13] except that a place 3 mm from the tip ridgeline 62c of the urethane rubber to the holder 621 was dipped.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 1 in Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 14] except for replacing the high-pressure mercury lamp with a metal halide lamp with a light source having an intensity peak at a wavelength of 450 nm in a wavelength range of from 200 to 500 nm to irradiate UV light to the blade.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 1 in Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 15] except for dipping the ridgeline in the coating liquid 1 for 10 min instead of 60 sec.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 14 in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 16] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 3 and dipping the ridgeline in the coating liquid 1 for 10 min instead of 60 sec.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 16 in Comparative Example 3 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 17] except for replacing the coating liquid 3 with the coating liquid 4.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 17 in Comparative Example 4 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 18] except for dipping the ridgeline in the coating liquid 1 for 1 sec instead of 10 min.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 14 in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 19] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 15 in Comparative Example 2 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 20] except for replacing the coating liquid 1 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 16 in Comparative Example 3 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 21] except for replacing the coating liquid 3 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 17 in Comparative Example 4 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 22] except for replacing the coating liquid 4 with the coating liquid 5.
The procedure for preparation of the cleaning blade 18 in Comparative Example 5 was repeated to prepare a [cleaning blade 23] except for replacing the coating liquid 4 with the coating liquid 5.
Each of the cleaning blades 1 to 23 was cut in round slices to reveal the cross section, and Martens hardness of the insides of 20, 30 and 40 μm from the surface on a measurement line as shown in
Marten's hardness was measured by a microscopic hardness meter HM-2000 from Fischer Instruments, the Vickers indenter of which was pushed into an object at 1.0 mN for 10 sec, held for 5 sec, and drawn at 1.0 mN for 10 sec.
Next, each of the cleaning blades 1 to 23 was installed in modified Ricoh Pro C751 which is the same apparatus in
After 50,000 images and 100,000 images were produced at a rotational linear speed of 600 mm/sec of the photoreceptor, whether a toner scraped off from a gap between the blade and the photoreceptor is present on the image or the photoreceptor was visually observed.
Good: Toner was not visually observed on an image nor on the photoreceptor
Fair: No toner was not visually observed on an image but toner was visually observed on the photoreceptor
Poor: Toner was visually observed on both of an image and the photoreceptor
The results are shown in Table 2.
Having now fully described the invention, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many changes and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth therein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-138502 | Jul 2014 | JP | national |
