BACKGROUND
Field
This application relates generally to kilns for curing concrete products.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART INCLUDING INFORMATION DISCLOSED UNDER 37 CFR 1.97 AND 1.98
Pressurized kilns used in the curing of concrete products (such as, for example, Carboclave®-type kilns) require a sealable door capable of maintaining pressure within the kiln when closed. Known closure devices for these kilns, such as pressure hatches, or bolted cover plates, tend to be difficult and/or time-consuming to open, and this difficulty scales with the size of the kiln.
SUMMARY
A concrete products curing kiln closure apparatus comprising a kiln opening and a pressure door shaped to cover the kiln opening. The apparatus also comprises an expandable chamber positionable against a kiln door frame defining the kiln opening, such that inflation of the chamber causes the chamber to expand and press on, and at least partially seal, the pressure door against the kiln door frame, when the pressure door is covering the kiln opening.
A concrete products curing kiln comprising a kiln opening and a pressure door shaped to cover the kiln opening. The kiln also comprises an expandable chamber positionable against a kiln door frame defining the kiln opening, such that inflation of the chamber causes the chamber to expand and press on, and at least partially seal, the pressure door against the kiln door frame, when the pressure door is covering the kiln opening.
DRAWING DESCRIPTIONS
These and other features and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art in connection with the following detailed description and appended drawings of one or more embodiments of the invention, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete products kiln shown with an opening of the kiln closed by a kiln closure apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a simplified front view of the kiln of FIG. 1, showing a door of the kiln closure apparatus shut and clamped to a floor surface adjacent the kiln;
FIG. 3 is a simplified front view of the kiln of FIG. 2, showing the kiln closure apparatus door retracted, exposing an interior of the kiln;
FIG. 4 is a detail view of an upper half of kiln closure frame of the closure apparatus including a spool for storing the door when the door is retracted;
FIG. 5 is a detail view of a lower half of the kiln closure frame of FIG. 4, showing a bottom bar of the door clamped to the floor surface of the kiln;
FIG. 6 is a detail cross-section view of a rail shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 5, including rail patches to seal gaps between the rail and adjacent floor surfaces;
FIG. 7 is a top-down cross-section view of one side of the kiln closure apparatus, showing an inflated chamber clamping the kiln closure apparatus door against a door frame of the kiln;
FIG. 8 is a top-down view of the kiln closure apparatus portion of FIG. 7, showing the door retracted and the chamber deflated;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional side view of the bottom bar of FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a detail view of the opposite (inner) side of the upper half of the kiln closure frame of FIG. 4; and
FIG. 11 is a side cross-section view of the upper half of the kiln closure frame of FIG. 10, with the spool is out of view.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Various embodiments of a closure apparatus for a concrete products curing kiln are generally indicated in the Figures at 10. The kiln closure apparatus 10 may comprise a pressure door 12 shaped to cover an opening 14 of a kiln 16, as best shown in FIGS. 1-3, and an expandable chamber 18 positioned such that inflation of the chamber 18 causes the chamber 18 to expand and press on, and at least partially seal, the pressure door 12 against a kiln door frame 20 defining the kiln opening 14, as best shown in FIGS. 7-11. The closure apparatus 10 may be configured to seal the kiln opening 14 sufficiently to allow a positive gas pressure to be maintained within the kiln 16, relative to ambient air pressure outside the kiln 16.
As best shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 11, the expandable chamber 18 may comprise one or more inflatable fiber-reinforced polymer tubes (for example: tubes comprising nylon-reinforced rubber). In a preferred embodiment in which the expandable chamber 18 comprises a single tube, the expandable chamber tube 18 may be mounted on a closure frame 22 adjacent and spaced-from the kiln door frame 20, as best shown in FIGS. 7-11. And the expandable chamber tube 18 may be arranged to approximately ring a portion of the perimeter of the kiln opening 14 so that inflation of the chamber 18 (when the door 12 is covering the kiln opening 14) will press the door 12 away from the closure frame 22, and push the door 12 against the kiln door frame 20. This arrangement is shown in cross-section in FIGS. 7 and 8, with FIG. 7 showing the door 12 clamped between the inflated chamber 18 and the door frame 20, while FIG. 8 shows the chamber 18 deflated while the door is retracted out of view. In a preferred embodiment, and as best shown in FIGS. 4, 10, and 11, the closure frame 22 includes two side rails 24 and an upper crossbar 26 positioned to support the expandable chamber 18 to seal the door 12 against respective adjacent sides 23 and lintel 25 areas of the kiln door frame 20. In this preferred embodiment, the expandable chamber tube 18 may be supported along the side rails 24 and upper crossbar 26 of the closure frame 22.
The pressure door 12 may comprise a flexible material. In a preferred embodiment, this material may be a fiber-reinforced polymer such as a unidirectional nylon-reinforced rubber. This flexible material makes the door 12 easy to operate, however it also means that the door 12 will be subject to distortion due to pressure from within the kiln's interior 17 (shown in FIG. 3).
The expandable chamber 18 may therefore serve not only to seal the door 12 against outward pressure from the interior of the kiln 16, but also to create enough friction to prevent distortion of the door 12 from breaking the seal by pulling the edges of the door 12 inward. For this reason, the chamber 18 and pressure door 12 may comprise flexible materials selected to produce a sufficient coefficient of friction against one another, (once the door 12 closes off the kiln opening 14, and the chamber 18 inflates) to prevent the pressure differential generated by kiln operation from dislodging the door 12 from its clamped position between the kiln door frame 20 and expandable chamber 18. In an exemplary embodiment, this friction coefficient may be sufficient to withstand a relative kiln interior pressure of 0.15 to 0.30 psig across a pressure door 12 surface area of about 150 square feet with the expandable chamber 18 inflated to 45 psi or less. Pressure in the expandable chamber 18, when the chamber 18 is inflated, may also be adjusted to correspond to the relative kiln pressure.
In the preferred embodiment, the pressure door 12 is a roll-up type door that is configured and positioned to alternately unroll and roll-up between a deployed position covering the kiln opening 14 and a retracted position at least partially uncovering the kiln opening 14. According to this embodiment, at least a portion of the pressure door 12 is guided by side rails 24 mounted adjacent the kiln door frame 20 for vertical sliding motion between retracted and deployed positions, as best shown by FIGS. 2, 3, 7, and 8. These side rails 24 may be the side rails 24 of the closure frame 22. A spool 28 may be mounted atop an upper crossbar 26 of the closure frame 22 adjacent the kiln door frame 20, as best shown in FIG. 10. The spool 28 may be connected to the pressure door 12, and configured to roll the pressure door 12 onto itself when the pressure door 12 is moved from the deployed to the retracted position. The spool 28 may be driven by, and connected to, a drive motor 30. In a preferred embodiment and, to save space, this may be a planetary drive motor mounted inside the spool 28 itself, as shown in FIG. 10. However, any sort of drive motor 30 may be used, and the motor 30 may alternatively be mounted fully or partially outside the spool 28.
To seal a bottom end 32 of the pressure door 12 against a floor surface 34 adjacent and across the kiln opening 14, the bottom end 32 of the pressure door 12 may be attached to a rigid base bar 36, and the apparatus 10 may comprise clamps 38 positioned to engage and clamp the base bar 36 to the floor 34 once the door 12 is in the deployed position, as best shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. A bottom surface 40 of the base bar 36 may comprise a bottom seal 42 positioned to be sandwiched between the base bar 36 and the floor 34 when the clamps 38 are engaged, as shown in FIG. 9. The bottom seal 42 may comprise an inflatable tube, or a passive gasket or door-sweep type seal. The door 12 may therefore be quickly sealed against the floor 34 by activation of the clamps 38 so that the base bar 36 holds the bottom end 32 of the door 12 sealed across the bottom of the kiln opening 14 while the expandable chamber 18 holds the door 12 sealed around the sides and top of the kiln opening 14.
Alternatively (or additionally), and as shown in FIG. 8, to seal the bottom of the door 12, the floor surface 34 adjacent the kiln opening 14 may comprise a recess 35 shaped to receive at least part of the expandable chamber 18, as well as the bottom end of the pressure door 12 when the pressure door 12 is in the deployed position. The expandable chamber 18 may partly extend into the recess 35 at or below the level of a portion of the floor surface 34 surrounding the recess 35, providing additional security.
The kiln 16 may be loaded and unloaded via rails 44 built into the floor surfaces 34 adjacent the kiln 16, and extending into the kiln interior 17, as shown in FIGS. 1-3. These rails 44 create gaps 45 in the floor surface 34 that are difficult for the base bar 36 to seal. To seal these gaps 45, the closure apparatus 10 may include rail patches 48, as best shown in detail by FIG. 6. The rail patches 48 may be shaped to fill the gaps 45 left between rails and floor surface 34, allowing the base bar 36 to seal against floor surface 34 and rails 44 when the rail patches 48 are installed, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. The rail patches 48 may be removed to allow the kiln 16 to be loaded or unloaded by rails 44, or alternatively, the rail patches 48 may be made of a resilient material that can re-expand after being crushed by wheels or flanges of rail traffic, allowing the rail patches 48 to be left permanently installed.
A pressurized kiln 16 including the closure apparatus 10 described above may be easily and quickly accessed for loading, unloading, or maintenance. Furthermore, the closure apparatus 10 itself may be retrofitted to a pressurized kiln to replace an existing door or hatch.
This description, rather than describing limitations of an invention, only illustrates embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. The language of this description is therefore exclusively descriptive and is non-limiting. Obviously, it's possible to modify this invention from what the description teaches. Within the scope of the claims, one may practice the invention other than as described above.
Patent Application
20230243589
