Claims
- 1. A binder for ceramic materials that comprises a substantially hydrolyzed copolymer of an ester and an amide,
- said ester being of the formula: ##STR9## wherein R.sub.1 is an unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group about 2 to about 4 carbons atoms, and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms,
- and said amide being of the formula: ##STR10## wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms,
- and R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms.
- 2. A binder for ceramic materials which is a copolymer having repeating units of the formula: ##STR11## wherein R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, the sum of n and q is in the range of about 2 to about 100, the sum of p and r is in the range of about 98 to about 0, the ratio r/p is about 0 to about 0.67, the sum of p, q and r is not equal to zero, and the range of the ratio q/n is about 0 to about 20, wherein said repeating units are present in random order.
- 3. The binder composition of claim 2 wherein said copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight of about 2,000 to about 500,000 g/mole.
- 4. An unfired, ceramic precursor material comprising a mixture of:
- A. a ceramic powder selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, lead oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and neodymium oxide and
- B. a substantially hydrolyzed copolymer of an ester and an amide, said ester being of the formula: ##STR12## wherein R.sub.1 is an unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and said amide being of the formula: ##STR13## wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is an unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms.
- 5. An unfired, ceramic precursor material comprising a mixture of:
- A. a ceramic powder selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, lead oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and neodymium oxide; and
- B. a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinyl formamide) and a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl amine.
- 6. The binder of claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is a vinyl group.
- 7. The binder of claim 1 wherein the ester is vinyl acetate.
- 8. The binder of claim 1 wherein R.sub.4 is a vinyl group.
- 9. The binder of claim 1 wherein the amide is N-vinyl acetamide or N-vinyl formamide.
- 10. The binder of claim 1 wherein the amide is N-methyl-N-vinyl-acetamide.
- 11. The binder of claim 1 wherein the hydrolyzed copolymer contains about 5 to about 90 mole percent hydroxyl substituents and about 5 to about 95 mole percent pendant amino substituents.
- 12. The binder of claim 1 wherein said copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of about 2,000 to about 500,000 g/mole.
- 13. An unfired, ceramic precursor material comprising a mixture of:
- A. a ceramic powder selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, lead oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and neodymium oxide and
- B. a copolymer having repeating units of the formula: ##STR14## wherein R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, the sum of n and q is in the range of about 2 to about 100, the sum of p and r is in the range of about 98 to about 0, the ratio r/p is about 0 to about 0.67, the sum of p, q and r is not equal to zero, and the range of the ratio q/n is about 0 to about 20, wherein said repeating units are present in random order.
- 14. The unfired, ceramic precursor material of claim 13 wherein said copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight of about 2,000 to about 500,000 g/mole.
- 15. The material of claim 4 wherein R.sub.1 is a vinyl group.
- 16. The material of claim 4 wherein the ester is vinyl acetate.
- 17. The material of claim 4 wherein R.sub.4 is a vinyl group.
- 18. The material of claim 4 wherein the amide is N-vinyl acetamide or N-vinyl formamide.
- 19. The material of claim 4 wherein the amide is N-methyl-N-vinyl-acetamide.
- 20. The material of claim 4 wherein the hydrolyzed copolymer contains about 5 to about 90 mole percent hydroxyl substituents and about 5 to about 95 mole percent pendant amino substituents.
- 21. The material of claim 4 wherein said copolymer has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of about 2,000 to about 500,000 g/mole.
Parent Case Info
This application is a division of co-pending application Ser. No. 08/308,053 filed Sep. 16, 1994 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,855, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of co-pending Ser. No. 08/134,721 filed Oct. 12, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,358,911.
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
308053 |
Sep 1994 |
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Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
134721 |
Oct 1993 |
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