Claims
- 1. A coal liquefaction process which comprises:
- admixing coal fines with a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point greater than 150.degree. C. to form a coal slurry;
- admixing with said coal slurry a hydrogen-rich gas;
- hydrogenating said coal slurry by heating said hydrogen-containing admixture at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. and a pressure of from 50 to 700 atms whereby said coal fines are liquified and a solid-liquid admixture is formed;
- separating said liquid-solid admixture into liquid and solid fractions; and
- dehydrogenating and cyclopolycondensing said liquid fraction at a temperature of from 400.degree. to 500.degree. C. and a total pressure of 70-150 atms in the presence of hydrogen at a low partial pressure wherein said low partial pressure of hydrogen is in the range of 7 to 70% of said total pressure,
- to produce an aromatic-rich heavy oil product.
- 2. The process of claim 1, wherein said coal slurry is hydrogenated in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.
- 3. The process of claim 2, wherein said hydrogenation catalyst comprises cobalt and molybdenum.
- 4. The process of claim 2, wherein said hydrogenation catalyst comprises iron.
- 5. The process of claim 4, wherein said hydrogenation catalyst comprises iron and sulfur.
- 6. A coal liquefaction process which comprises:
- admixing coal fines with a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point greater than 150.degree. C. to form a coal slurry;
- admixing with said coal slurry a hydrogen-rich gas;
- introducing said coal slurry-gas mixture into the lower portion of a reactor at an upward flow rate such that a solid rich layer is formed in the lower portion of said reactor and a solid lean layer is formed in the upper portion of said reactor;
- maintaining said reactor at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. and at a pressure of from 50 to 700 atms whereby said coal slurry is hydrogenated in said solid rich-layer and the resulting liquid reaction product is dehydrogenated and cyclopolycondensed in said solid lean layer; and
- withdrawing a portion of said solid lean layer to thereby recover a heavy oil product.
- 7. The process of claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of said solid lean layer to said solid rich layer is from 1:6 to 2:1.
- 8. The process of claim 6, wherein said coal slurry contains a hydrogenation catalyst.
- 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said solid lean layer is essentially free of said hydrogenation catalyst.
- 10. The process of claim 6, wherein a portion of said solid rich layer is withdrawn; the solid and liquid components of said layer separated; and the solid components admixed with said coal slurry.
- 11. The process of claim 6, wherein said upward flow rate is from 1 to 3,600 m/hour.
- 12. The process of claim 11, wherein said upward flow rate is from 10 to 400m/hour.
Priority Claims (5)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
51-62811 |
May 1976 |
JPX |
|
51-62812 |
May 1976 |
JPX |
|
51-62813 |
May 1976 |
JPX |
|
51-62814 |
May 1976 |
JPX |
|
51-62815 |
May 1976 |
JPX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending application Ser. No. 801,920, filed May 31, 1977, and now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (7)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
20957 OF |
Jan 1929 |
AUX |
8303 |
Jul 1932 |
AUX |
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
801920 |
May 1977 |
|