Coaxial Connector with Internal Nut Biasing Systems for Enhanced Continuity

Abstract

A compressible, F-connector for interconnection with coaxial cable that includes at least one biasing system for promoting electrical continuity, despite inadequate nut tightening. Each connector has a rigid nut, a post penetrating the nut, a tubular body, and an end cap. The conductive post coaxially extends through the connector, linking the nut and body. A post end penetrates the coaxial cable. Biasing systems emanating from the body pressure the nut. The biasing systems comprise pistons or bearings yieldably biased by springs seated within radially spaced-apart bores in the connector body that are pressured outwardly of the body towards the nut. Yieldable pressure applied to the nut by the biasing systems insures mechanical and electrical contact between the nut and the post.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to coaxial cable connectors. More particularly, the present invention relates to coaxial F-connectors adapted to insure the establishment of a proper ground during installation. Known prior art is classified in United States Patent Class 439, Subclasses 241, 247, 322, 548, 553, 554, 585, and 587.

2. Description of the Related Art

Popular cable television systems and satellite television receiving systems depend upon coaxial cable for distributing signals. As is known in the satellite TV arts, coaxial cable in such installations is terminated by F-connectors that threadably establish the necessary signal wiring connections. The F-connector forms a “male” connection portion that fits to a variety of receptacles, such as a port, forming the “female” portion of the connection.

F-connectors include a tubular post designed to slide over coaxial cable dielectric material and under the braided outer conductor at the prepared end of the coaxial cable. The exposed, conductive braid is usually folded back over the cable jacket. The cable jacket and folded-back outer conductor extend generally around the outside of the tubular post and are typically coaxially received within the tubular connector. A continuity contact between the outer conductor and the connector is needed. Moreover, contact must be made with the threaded head or nut of the connector that should contact the female port to which the connection is made.

F-connectors have numerous advantages over other known fittings, such as RCA, BNC, and PL-259 connectors, in that no soldering is needed for installation, and costs are reduced as parts are minimized. For example, with an F-connector, the center conductor of a properly prepared coaxial cable fitted to it forms the “male” portion of the receptacle connection, and no separate part is needed. A wide variety of F-connectors are known in the art, including the popular compression type connector that aids in rapid assembly and installation. Hundreds of such connectors are seen in U.S. Patent Class 439, particularly Subclass 548.

The extremely high bandwidths and frequencies distributed in conjunction with modern satellite installations necessitate a variety of strict quality control factors. For example, the electrical connection established by the F-connector must not add electrical resistance to the circuit. It must exhibit a proper impedance match to maintain a wide bandwidth, in the order of several Gigahertz. Numerous physical design requirements exist as well. For example, connectors must maintain a proper seal against the environment, and they must function over long time periods through extreme weather and temperature conditions. Requirements exist governing cable insertion and retention forces as well.

Importantly, since a variety of coaxial cable diameters exist, it is imperative that satisfactory F-connectors function with different types of cable, such as dual-shield, tri-shield, and quad-shield coaxial cables that are most found in the satellite television and cable television art.

It is important to establish an effective electrical connection between the F-connector, the internal coaxial cable, and the terminal port. One facet of the problem involves electrical continuity that must be established between the connector nut and the usually-barbed post within the connector. More particularly, it is important to establish a dependable electrical connection between the nut, the post, and the coaxial cable outer conductor.

Proper installation techniques require adequate torqueing of the connector head. In other words, it is desired that the installer appropriately tighten the connector during installation. A dependable electrical grounding path must be established from the port through the connector to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. Threaded F-connector nuts should be installed with a wrench to establish reasonable torque settings. Critical tightening of the F-connector nut to the threaded port applies enough pressure to the internal components of the typical connector to establish a proper electrical ground path. When fully tightened, the head of the tubular post of the connector directly engages the edge of the outer conductor of the port, thereby making a direct electrical ground connection between the outer conductor of the port and the tubular post; in turn, the tubular post is engaged with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

Many connector installations, however, are not properly completed. It is a simple fact in the satellite and cable television industries that many F-connectors are not appropriately tightened by the installer. A typical recommended installation technique is to torque the F-connector with a small wrench during installation. In some cases installers only partially tighten the F-connector. Some installations are only hand-tightened. As a consequence, proper electrical continuity may not be achieved. Such F-connectors will not be properly “grounded,” and the electrical grounding path can be compromised and intermittent. An appropriate low resistance, low loss connection to the target port, and the equipment connected to it, will not be established. Unless a proper ground path is established, poor signal quality, and RFI leakage, will result. This translates to degradation of video signal quality.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,445 issued Jul. 18, 1972 discloses a shield for eliminating electromagnetic interference in an electrical connector. A conductive shielding member having a spring portion snaps into a groove for removably securing the shield. A second spring portion is yieldable to provide electrical contact between the first shell member and a second movable shell member.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,835,442 issued Sep. 10, 1974 discloses an electromagnetic interference shield for an electrical connector comprising a helically coiled conductive spring interposed between mating halves of the connector. The coiled spring has convolutions slanted at an oblique angle to the center axis of the connector. Mating of the connector members axially flattens the spring to form an almost continuous metal shield between the connector members.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,739,076 issued Jun. 12, 1973 discloses a coaxial connector with an internal, electrically conductive coil spring mounted between adjacent portions of the connector. As an end member is rotatably threaded toward the housing, an inwardly directed annular bevel engages the spring and moves it inwardly toward an electrically shielded portion of the cable. The spring is compressed circumferentially so that its inner periphery makes electrical grounding contact with the shielded portion of the cable.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,066,248 issued Nov. 19, 1991 discloses a coaxial cable connector comprising a housing sleeve, a connector body, a locking ring, and a center post. A stepped, annular collar on the connector body ensures metal-to-metal contact and grounding.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,106,839 issued Aug. 15, 1978 shows a coaxial connector with a resilient, annular insert between abutting connector pieces for grounding adjacent parts. A band having a cylindrical surface is seated against an internal surface. Folded, resilient projections connected with the band are biased into contact. The shield has tabs for mounting, and a plurality of folded integral, resilient projections for establishing a ground.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,423,919 issued Jan. 3, 1984 discloses a connector having a cylindrical shell with a radial flange, a longitudinal key, and a shielding ring fitted over the shell and adjacent to the flange. The shielding ring comprises a detent having end faces configured to abut connector portions when the detent fits within the keyway, whereby the shell is prevented from rotating.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,330,166 issued May 18, 1982 discloses an electrical connector substantially shielded against EMP and EMI energy with an internal, conductive spring washer seated in the plug portion of the connector. A wave washer made from beryllium copper alloy is preferred.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,330 issued Jun. 18, 2002 employs an internal, beryllium copper clip ring for grounding. The clip ring forms a ground circuit between a male member and a female member of the electrical connector. The clip ring includes an annular body having an inner wall and an outer wall comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,114,990 issued Oct. 3, 2006 discloses a coaxial cable connector with an internal grounding clip establishing a grounding path between an internal tubular post and the connector. The grounding clip comprises a C-shaped metal clip with an arcuate curvature that is non-circular. U.S. Pat. No. 7,479,035 issued Jan. 20, 2009 shows a similar F-connector grounding arrangement.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,753,705 issued Jul. 13, 2010 discloses an RF seal for coaxial connectors that makes a uniform RF seal. The seal comprises a flexible brim, a transition band, and a tubular insert with an insert chamber defined within the seal. In a first embodiment the flexible brim is angled away from the insert chamber, and in a second embodiment the flexible brim is angled inward toward the insert chamber. A flange end of the seal makes a compliant contact between the port and connector faces when the nut of a connector is partially tightened, and becomes sandwiched firmly between the ground surfaces when the nut is properly tightened. U.S. Pat. No. 7,892,024 issued Feb. 22, 2011 shows a similar grounding insert for F-connectors.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,824,216 issued Nov. 2, 2010 discloses a coaxial connector comprising a body, a post including a flange having a tapered surface, a nut having an internal lip with a tapered surface which oppositely corresponds to the tapered surface of the post when assembled, and a conductive O-ring between the post and the nut for grounding or continuity. Similar U.S. Pat. No. 7,845,976 issued Dec. 7, 2010 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,892,005 issued Feb. 22, 2011 use conductive, internal O-rings for both grounding and sealing.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,332,815 issued Dec. 25, 2001 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,330 issued Jun. 18, 2002 utilize clip rings made of resilient, conductive material such as beryllium copper for grounding. The clip ring forms a ground between a male member and a female member of the connector.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,716,062 issued Apr. 6, 2004 discloses a coaxial cable F-connector with an internal coiled spring that establishes continuity. The spring biases the nut toward a rest position wherein not more than three revolutions of the nut are necessary to bring the post of the connector into contact.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,841,896 issued Nov. 30, 2010, and entitled “Sealed compression type coaxial cable F-connectors”, which is owned by the instant assignee, discloses axially compressible, high bandwidth F-connectors for interconnection with coaxial cable. An internal, dual segment sealing grommet activated by compression provides a seal. Each connector nut interacts with a tubular body and a rigid, conductive post coaxially extending through the connector. A post barbed end penetrates the cable within the connector. A metallic end cap is slidably fitted to the body. A tactile system comprising external convex projections on the body complemented by a resilient, external O-ring on the end cap aids installers to properly position connectors with the sense of touch.

For an adequate design, structural improvements to compressible F-connectors for improving continuity or grounding must function reliably without degrading other important connector requirements. Compressible connectors must adequately compress during installation without excessive force. An environmental seal must be established to resist penetration of moisture. The coaxial cable inserted into the connector must not be mechanically broken or short circuited during installation. Field installers and technicians must be satisfied with the ease of installation. Finally, the bottom line is that a reliable installation must result for customer satisfaction.

As implied from the above-discussed art, many prior art attempts at enhanced grounding exist. Several solutions involve the addition of a conductive grounding member within the fitting that physically and electrically bears against critical parts to enhance continuity. However, it is becoming increasingly clear to us that an alternative solution for the above-discussed continuity problem is to modify internal connector parts to specifically pressure critical parts together to force electrical contact. In other words, we have provided an internal pressure-generating connector that enhances continuity without the addition of separate conductive, electrical grounding apparatus such as inserts, rings, bridges or other apparatus.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The compressible type coaxial connector described herein comprises a rigid nut with a faceted, drive head adapted to be torqued during installation of a fitting. The head has an internally threaded, axial bore, for threadably mating with a typical port. An elongated, internal post coupled to the nut includes a shank, which can be barbed, that engages the prepared end of a coaxial cable. A hollow tubular body is coupled to the post. When the device is assembled, an end cap is press fitted to the body, coaxially engaging the body, and completing the assembly. Internal O-rings, band seals, or the like may be combined for sealing the connector

In known F-connector designs the internal post establishes electrical contact between the coaxial cable outer conductor and metallic parts of the coaxial fitting, such as the nut. Also, the elongated, tubular shank extends from the post flange to engage the coaxial cable, making contact with the metallic, insulative outer conductor.

However, since improper or insufficient tightening of the nut during F-connector installation is so common, and since continuity and/or electrical grounding suffer as a result, our designs utilize adaptations to the tubular body to mechanically pressure the nut, once the connector is assembled. Body-applied pressures establish a dependable grounding path between the nut and the internal post.

We have provided a coaxial connector utilizing a modified body that urges critical components together to promote continuity. In a preferred embodiment, a biasing system comprises a plurality of radially spaced-apart, spring-biased plungers that are incorporated within the body. The plungers comprise a piston with a shank coaxially captivated within a spring seated within a bore in the body. After connector assembly, the outwardly extending plungers mechanically pressure the adjacent nut. The resulting mechanical pressure yieldably biases the internal post and nut together, encouraging a reliable grounding path between the nut and the post. Electrical contact between the post, the nut, and the coaxial cable is thus insured, despite insufficient tightening of the nut.

Thus the primary object of our invention is to promote electrical continuity within an F-connector to overcome electrical connection problems associated with improper installation.

More particularly, an object of our invention is to provide dependable electrical connections between coaxial connectors, especially F-connectors, and female connectors or sockets.

A basic object is to encourage adequate grounding within F-connectors that are insufficiently tightened during installation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide internal structure for promoting grounding contact between the post and nut within improperly-tightened coaxial cable connectors.

A similar object is to provide a proper continuity in a coaxial connector, even though required torque settings have been ignored.

Another object of the present invention is to provide reliable continuity between a connector and a target port, even if the connector is not fully tightened.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a compressible coaxial cable connector which establishes and maintains reliable electrical continuity.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide such a coaxial connector that can be manufactured economically.

Another object of our invention is to provide a connector of the character described that establishes satisfactory EMP, EMI, and RFI shielding.

A related object is to provide a connector of the character described that establishes reliable continuity between critical parts during installation of the male connector to the various types of threaded female connections, even though applied torque may fail to meet specifications.

Another essential object is to establish a proper ground electrical path with a port even where the male connector is not fully torqued to the proper settings.

Another important object is to minimize resistive losses in a coaxial cable junction.

A still further object is to provide a connector of the character described suitable for use with demanding large, bandwidth systems approximating three GHz.

A related object is to provide an F-connector ideally adapted for home satellite systems distributing multiple, high definition television channels.

Another important object is to provide a connector of the character described that is weather proof and moisture resistant.

Another important object is to provide a compression F-connector of the character described that can be safely and properly installed without deformation of critical parts during final compression.

A related object is to maintain proper impedance matching of the connector across the bandwidth approximating from DC up to three GHz even when not properly tightened.

These and other objects and advantages of the present invention, along with features of novelty appurtenant thereto, will appear or become apparent in the course of the following descriptive sections.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following drawings, which form a part of the specification and which are to be construed in conjunction therewith, and in which like reference numerals have been employed throughout wherever possible to indicate like parts in the various views:

FIG. 1 is a frontal isometric view of a coaxial connector in which the adaptations of our invention are incorporated;

FIG. 2 is a rear isometric view of the preferred connector;

FIG. 3 is an exploded, longitudinal sectional view of the preferred connector;

FIG. 4 is an exploded, isometric assembly view of the preferred connector;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary, sectional view showing a assembled connector;

FIG. 6 is a frontal isometric view of the preferred body;

FIG. 7 is a front plan view of the preferred body;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged, partially exploded, longitudinal sectional view of the body used in the preferred connector, showing a preferred biasing system;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged, exploded elevational view showing the preferred plunger assembly biasing system;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged, exploded elevational view showing an alternative plunger assembly biasing system;

FIG. 11 is an exploded elevational view showing an alternative biasing system comprising a first, spring biased, ball bearing assembly; and,

FIG. 12 is an exploded elevational view showing an alternative biasing system comprising a second, spring-biased, ball bearing assembly.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Coaxial cable F-connectors are well known in the art. The basic constituents of the compressible coaxial connector of FIGS. 1 and 2 are described in detail, for example, in prior U.S. Pat. No. 7,841,896 entitled “Sealed compression type coaxial cable F-connectors”, issued Nov. 30, 2010, and in prior U.S. Pat. No. 7,513,795, entitled “Compression type coaxial cable F-connectors”, issued Apr. 7, 2009, which are both owned by the same assignee as in the instant case, and which are both hereby incorporated by reference for purposes of disclosure as if fully set forth herein. However, it will be appreciated by those with skill in the art that coaxial cable connectors of other designs may be employed with the continuity-enhancing pressuring adaptations described hereinafter.

Referring initially to FIGS. 1-4 of the appended drawings, a coaxial F-connector has been generally designated by the reference numeral 20. As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, connector 20 is a compressible F-connector that is axially squeezed together longitudinally when secured to a coaxial cable. As is also recognized in the art, connector 20 is adapted to terminate an end of a properly prepared coaxial cable, which is properly inserted through the open bottom end 22 (FIG. 2) of the connector 20. Afterwards, the connector 20 is placed within a suitable compression hand tool for compression.

Connector 20 comprises a rigid, metallic nut 24 with a conventional faceted, preferably hexagonal drive head 26 integral with a protruding, tubular stem 28. Nut 24 is torqued during installation. Conventional, internal threads 30 are defined in the stem interior for rotatably, threadably mating with a suitably-threaded socket. The open, tubular front end 21 connects through the open interior to a reduced diameter, rear passageway 34 at the back of nut 24 (FIG. 3). Circular passageway 34 at the nut rear concentrically borders an annular, non-threaded, internal, ring groove 36 that borders an internal shoulder 37 proximate passageway 34. There is an annular wall 38 at the rear of the nut 24.

In assembly the elongated post 40 rotatably, coaxially passes through the hex headed nut 24 and establishes electrical contact between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable end (not shown) and the metallic nut 24. The tubular post 40 defines an elongated shank 41 with a coaxial, internal passageway 42 extending between its front 43 (FIG. 4) and rear 44. Shank 41 may or may not have barbs 56 formed on it at the rear 44 for engaging coaxial cable. An integral front flange 46 (FIG. 3) borders a spaced-apart, reduced diameter secondary flange 48. A circumferential groove 50 is located between flanges 46 and 48 to seat an O-ring 52 for sealing. Preferably the post 40 has a barbed, collar 54 comprising multiple, external barbs 55 (FIG. 4) that firmly engage the body 60 in assembly as described below. In assembly it is noted that post flange 46 (i.e., FIGS. 3, 4) axially contacts inner shoulder 37 (FIG. 3) within nut 24.

With installation, the rear, tapered end 44 of post shank 41 penetrates the prepared end of the coaxial cable, such that the inner, insulated center conductor coaxially penetrates passageway 42 and enters the front end 21 of the nut 24. As recognized by those skilled in the art, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable prepared end will be substantially positioned around the exterior of post shank 41 when the connector is compressed. Electrical contact or continuity between the coaxial cable outer conductor, the post 40, and the nut 24 must be established in use. To enhance the likelihood of establishing reliable continuity in embodiments of our invention, the connector body has been designed to firmly engage the post 40 and pressure the nut 24 against the post 40 when the connector is assembled, even when the nut 24 has not been properly tightened on the female port.

An elongated, hollow, tubular body 60 (FIGS. 3, 4, 6-7), normally molded from plastic, is coupled to the post 40. Body 60 comprises an elongated, tubular shank 64, preferably of a uniform diameter. The elongated, outer periphery 66 of body shank 64 is preferably smooth and cylindrical. Body 60 comprises an internal passageway 70 at the body front that communicates with larger diameter passageway 72 extending from internal shoulder 68 to the body rear (FIG. 3). In assembly, (i.e., FIGS. 3, 5) the post 40 will coaxially penetrate passageways 70 and 72, and the barbed post collar 54 is frictionally seated within body passageway 70. As explained below, body 60 mounts a plurality of radially spaced apart, biasing systems that mechanically pressure the nut 24 and post 40 together upon assembly to promote continuity. To this effect there are a plurality of radially spaced-apart bores 65 (i.e., FIGS. 6, 8) defined in the body 60 that penetrate the annular, front body surface 69 (i.e., FIG. 6). The bores 65 seat the biasing systems described below.

In assembly, an end cap 76 is pressed unto body 60 with a suitable hand-tool, coaxially engaging body shank 64. The rigid, preferably metallic end cap 76 smoothly, frictionally grips the body shank 64. Preferably, end 78 of the end cap 76 includes internally barbed region 79 that couples to the shank 64 of the body 60. When the body 60 and the end cap 76 are compressed together, a friction fit is achieved. The reduced diameter passageway 88 is sized to receive coaxial cable.

An outer ring groove 90 (i.e., FIG. 4) at the cap rear can seat an optional external band 91 that can be added to establish a tactile “feel” for the installer. Band 91 can also enhance the aesthetic appearance of the connector, and it can facilitate color coding. Preferably, there is a dual diameter seal 77 seated against shoulder 85 within a ring groove 87 within end cap 76. Seal 77 is explained in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 7,841,896 issued to Shaw, et al. on Nov. 30, 2010, entitled “Sealed Compression type Coaxial Cable F-Connectors”, which is hereby incorporated by reference for purposes of disclosure as if fully set forth herein.

Grounding or continuity is established in part by mechanical and electrical contact between internal nut shoulder 37 (FIG. 3) and post flange 46. The coaxial cable outer conductor bearing against the post shank 41 would thus electrically interconnect the cable ground to the post 40. Mechanical contact between the post flange 46 and the nut shoulder 37 in turn, establishes electrical contact between the post 40 and the nut 24. Mechanical contact between the nut internal threads 30 and external threads of the port to which nut 24 is attached electrically interconnects the nut to the port, completing the electrical circuit from the cable to the port. However, grounding or continuity generally depends on proper tightening of the nut 24 to ensure sufficient mechanical contact between the post flange 46 and the nut shoulder 37. In the real world, installers often neglect to properly tighten the nut 24, so less internal, mechanical pressure is available within the F-connector to urge the parts discussed above into mechanically abutting, electrically conductive contact.

Accordingly, each connector described herein includes a body 60 equipped with biasing systems that encourage mechanical contact between nut 24 and post 40. The biasing system comprises a preferred plunger assembly 67 (FIGS. 8 and 9), an alternative plunger assembly 67B (FIG. 10), a preferred ball-bearing assembly 120 (FIG. 11), or an alternative ball bearing assembly 121 (FIG. 12).

In a preferred embodiment the biasing system comprises preferred one or more plunger assemblies 67 (i.e., FIGS. 3 and 8-9) that are fitted within the bores 65 in body 60. In a preferred embodiment there are four plunger assemblies. Each plunger assembly 67 preferably comprises a piston 100 that is generally mushroom-shaped. Each piston 100 has a generally cylindrical, reduced diameter, rear stem 105 that is integral with an outer, fixed, frontal, generally hemispherical bearing 106. A coiled compression spring 104 coaxially engages piston stem 105 to provide bias. In some embodiments of the invention piston 100 and spring 104 may be fitted within a tubular retainer 102 (FIG. 9) that is press fitted within a body bore 65 (i.e., FIGS. 6, 8). Piston 100 and spring 104 coaxially nest within retainer 102, with the spring 104 coaxially disposed about stem 105 to urge the piston outwardly (i.e., away from body 60), such that, in assembly, each piston bearing 106 will contact and yieldably pressure nut 24.

When the connector 20 is compressed during assembly, the body 60 will be frictionally moved towards the nut 24. As best viewed in FIG. 5, the pistons 100 projecting from bores 65 will thus be forced against the nut 24, yieldably directed against nut annular wall 38 by spring pressure. As the spring-biased piston bearings 106 pressure the nut 24, flange 46 of the post 40 will be firmly, physically contacted by the inner shoulder 37 (FIG. 3) of the nut 24.

The alternative plunger assembly 67B is seen in FIG. 10. As before, the somewhat mushroom-shaped piston 100 comprises a stem 105 with an integral, fixed bearing 106. Stem 105 is coaxially fitted within coil spring 108 that is sized appropriately to friction fit within the bores 65 in the body 60. Each fixed, hemispherical bearing 106 again contacts the nut 24 to yieldably apply pressure in response to spring tension.

Alternative embodiments of the biasing system may comprise spring biased, ball bearing assemblies 120 (FIG. 11) or 121 (FIG. 12).

In FIG. 11 the depicted biasing system comprises a ball bearing assembly 120, which preferably comprises a spherical ball bearing 122 that is captivated within a generally tubular cage 124. Coil spring 126 is coaxially positioned within cage 124 within the open circular spring end 125. Spring 126 urges the ball bearing 122 against open end 129 at the front of cage 124. One or more bearing assemblies 120 are press fitted into the bores 65 in the body. The cages 124 are frictionally anchored within bores 65. A substantial volume of the ball bearing 122 will thus extend beyond the open end 129 allowing the bearing to rotatably contact the nut 24 in assembly, applying pressure as aforedescribed. Since the bearing 122 is substantially free to rotate against the surface of nut 24 during installation, reduced rotational application torque is required when tightening the nut 24.

Finally, alternative embodiments of the biasing system comprise a ball bearing assembly 121 (FIG. 12) that cradles the spherical ball bearing 130 within the open, circular end 131 of a coil spring 132. Some embodiments include a rigid, tubular retainer 134 that is press-fitted within the bores 65 at the front of body 60 and coaxially receives and houses the spring 132. In other embodiments the spring 132 may be directly seated within a bore. Ball bearings 130 will thus rotatably contact the nut 24 in assembly, and since the bearings 130 are substantially free to rotate against the surface of nut 24, reduced application torque is required when tightening the nut 24.

Thus, resultant pressure from the various biasing systems promotes continuity between the post 40 and nut 24.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that this invention is one well adapted to obtain all the ends and objects herein set forth, together with other advantages which are inherent to the structure.

It will be understood that certain features and subcombinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and subcombinations. This is contemplated by and is within the scope of the claims.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the invention without departing from the scope thereof, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Claims

1. A compressible coaxial connector comprising: a nut adapted to threadably fasten the connector;an elongated, hollow post comprising a portion that internally abuts the nut;a hollow, tubular body coaxially disposed over said post, the body comprising a front end and at least one bore defined in said body front end;an end cap adapted to be coupled to said body;a biasing means disposed in each said body bore for pressuring the nut to promote mechanical and electrical contact between the nut and the post; and,wherein the biasing means yieldably contacts said nut in assembly.

2. The connector as defined in claim 1 wherein the body comprises a plurality of radially spaced apart bores.

3. The connector as defined in claim 2 wherein the biasing means comprises a ball bearing assembly associated with each bore, each ball bearing assembly comprising a bearing activated by a spring coaxially disposed within a bore, wherein the bearing is pressured away from said body by said spring towards and into contact with said nut.

4. The connector as defined in claim 3 wherein the bearing and spring are coaxially fitted within a tubular retainer that is fitted to said body bore.

5. The connector as defined in claim 3 wherein the ball bearing is internally captivated within a cage having a partially opened end, and the spring is fitted within said cage to bias said ball bearing towards and partially through said opened end.

6. The connector as defined in claim 2 wherein the biasing means comprises a spring and a plunger assembly associated with each bore, each plunger assembly comprising a piston comprising a bearing and an integral stem, wherein the spring is coaxially fitted to said stem and said piston is pressured away from said body by said spring towards and into contact with said nut.

7. The connector as defined in claim 6 wherein the piston and spring are coaxially fitted within a tubular retainer that is fitted to said bore.

8. A compressible coaxial connector comprising: a nut adapted to threadably fasten the connector;an elongated, hollow post comprising a portion that internally abuts the nut;a hollow, tubular body coaxially disposed over said post, the body comprising a plurality of radially spaced apart bores;an end cap adapted to be coupled to said body; and,a plunger assembly disposed in each of said bores for biasing the nut to promote mechanical and electrical contact between the nut and the post, the plunger assembly comprising: a spring disposed in each bore; and,a piston controlled by said spring, the piston urged away from said body by said spring towards and into contact with said nut.

9. The connector as defined in claim 8 wherein said piston comprises a stem coaxially surrounded by said spring and an integral bearing for contacting said nut.

10. The connector as defined in claim 9 wherein the piston and spring are coaxially fitted within a tubular retainer that is friction fitted to said bore.

11. The connector as defined in claim 10 wherein the pistons yieldably contact said nut in assembly.

12. A compressible coaxial connector comprising: a nut adapted to threadably fasten the connector;an elongated, hollow post comprising a portion that internally abuts the nut;a hollow, tubular body coaxially disposed over said post, the body comprising a plurality of radially spaced apart bores;an end cap adapted to be coupled to said body; and,a ball bearing assembly disposed in each of said bores for biasing the nut to promote mechanical and electrical contact between the nut and the post, the ball bearing assembly comprising: a spring disposed in each bore; and,a ball bearing controlled by said spring and pressured away from said body by said spring towards and into contact with said nut.

13. The connector as defined in claim 12 wherein the spring has an open end and said ball bearing is seated within an open end of the spring.

14. The connector as defined in claim 12 wherein the spring is coaxially fitted within a tubular retainer that is friction fitted to said bore.

15. The connector as defined in claim 12 wherein the ball bearing is internally captivated within a cage having a partially opened end, and the spring is coaxially fitted within said cage to bias said ball bearing towards and partially through said cage opened end.