Patent Grant
11949170
Embodiments are generally related to inductive energy transfer, e.g., by portable devices for communication or for recharging.
Devices within close proximity may wirelessly transfer energy for various reasons. For instance, a device may wirelessly charge another device's battery. Also, two devices may engage in near field communications (“NFC”).
NFC and wireless charging are emerging technologies that are integrated into mobile platforms such as tablets, smartphones, notebooks and other small computing devices (e.g., Ultrabook™ device—Ultrabook is a trademark of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries). Both are forms of wireless energy transfer, one for the purpose of communications, and the other for the purpose of charging a rechargeable energy store such as a battery. Such wireless energy transfer may involve an electromagnetic coupling between proximate coils that may act as antennas. For example, a first device may have a transmitting coil and a second device may have a receiving coil. The coils are made of an electrically-conductive material. An electrical current flowing through the transmitting coil generates a magnetic field. In turn, the magnetic field may induce an electrical current in the receiving coil. The electrical current may be modulated, producing a modulated magnetic signal and thus transmitting information.
NFC is an emerging technology and desirable feature that is integrated into mobile platforms such as small computing devices, (e.g., clamshell, slider and convertible configured systems), tablets, smartphones and handhelds. They are expected to lead to new touch based communication usages. These usages can be broadly classified into: a) Device owner tapping two of her own devices together, e.g. to pay on a personal point-of-sale (POS) with a handheld or credit card; and b) peer to peer (P2P) tap, where two people each with their own device tap to enable pairing, transfer etc.
As touch screens and/or sensors take increasingly more real estate on a mobile device, NFC and/or wireless charging coils have been placed under touch sensor/touch screens. However due to the blockage of touch sensor and system power constraints, the user experience of reading a NFC-enabled device (e.g., a credit card) through the touch sensor/screen is not sufficiently satisfying. It is especially unsatisfying when cards or tags of different form factors (i.e., shapes) are presented at various orientations to the NFC coil underneath the touch sensor/screen.
The performance and effectiveness of NFC and wireless charging is very sensitive to size, relative location and orientation of the two coils involved. For instance, when a misalignment exists between transmitting and receiving coils, a smaller electrical current is induced in the receiving coil. As a result, a reduced energy transfer occurs. This may unfortunately reduce the efficacy of wireless charging and NFC applications.
Some conventional solutions to improving NFC performance involve adding an external amplifier between the NFC modules and coil to boost the signal. However, doing so consumes more power and sometimes causes co-existence problems with the touch sensor/screen. Other conventional solutions for both NFC and wireless charging involve providing switchable coils to create larger charging or card reading area. However, switching between multiple coils alone will cause a slow response to the user and thus produce an unsatisfying user experience.
Because NFC-enabled devices may be reconfigured during use into a variety of lid modes, a single NFC antenna is unable to provide adequate coverage for all modes. Therefore, there exists a need to provide improved NFC performance for an NFC-enabled device that may be reconfigured into more than one physical configuration.
Apparatus, system and method to support wireless inductive power charging using a touch-sensitive screen, pad, or the like are described. Apparatus, system and method to support wireless NFC communication using a touch-sensitive screen, pad, or the like are described. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to providing a plurality of NFC coils for an NFC-enabled device, such that a specific NFC coil is selected and utilized depending upon a physical configuration of the NFC-enabled device.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are further directed to using a profile detection capability of modern capacitive touch sensors (e.g., a touch screen) on a mobile device in order to detect the size and shape of a metallic coil inside an NFC-enabled device, or that of wireless charging enabled devices, when such NFC-enabled devices or wireless charging enabled devices are placed next to the touch sensor. Based on the information detected by the touch sensor, a system controller may then select one of a plurality of transmitter coils embedded under the touch sensor (for NFC or wireless charging) in order to provide improved performance
Touchscreens may be incorporated into a wide range of devices, such as (and without limitation) an ultra-mobile device, a mobile device, a fixed device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile computing device, a smart phone, a telephone, a digital telephone, a cellular telephone, user equipment, eBook readers, a handset, a one-way pager, a two-way pager, a messaging device, a computer, a personal computer (PC), a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook computer, a handheld computer, a tablet computer, a server, consumer electronics, programmable consumer electronics, game devices, television, digital television, set top box, and so forth.
Various embodiments are generally directed to advanced near-field wireless communications systems. Some embodiments are particularly directed to wireless networks implementing one or more Wi-Fi Alliance (WFA) standards. In some embodiments, for example, a wireless network may operate according to the WFA Wi-Fi Direct standard, 2010 Release. In various embodiments, such a Wi-Fi Direct network may also operate using interfaces, protocols, and/or standards developed by the WFA Wi-Fi Direct Services (WFDS) Task Group. The embodiments, however, are not limited to these examples.
With general reference to notations and nomenclature used herein, the detailed descriptions which follow may be presented in terms of program procedures executed on a computer or network of computers. These procedural descriptions and representations are used by those skilled in the art to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art.
A procedure is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of operations leading to a desired result. These operations are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical, magnetic or optical signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It proves convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like. It should be noted, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to those quantities.
Further, the manipulations performed are often referred to in terms, such as adding or comparing, which are commonly associated with mental operations performed by a human operator. No such capability of a human operator is necessary, or desirable in most cases, in any of the operations described herein which form part of one or more embodiments. Rather, the operations are machine operations. Useful machines for performing operations of various embodiments include general purpose digital computers or similar devices. Various embodiments also relate to apparatus or systems for performing these operations.
This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purpose or it may comprise a general purpose computer as selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. The procedures presented herein are not inherently related to a particular computer or other apparatus. Various general purpose machines may be used with programs written in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these machines will appear from the description given.
NFC usage may be broadly classified into: a) Device Owner tapping two of her own devices together, e.g. to Pay on a personal POS with a handheld or credit card; and b) Peer to Peer tap, where two people each with their own device tap to enable pairing, transfer etc. When viewed from a customer ease of experience perspective, these two broad categories of usages require entirely different tapping surfaces. A “self-tap” usage, in which a user typically holds and manipulates an NFC-enabled device next to an NFC-enabled reader, ordinarily includes usage of a tapping surface with visual feedback and ease of access from a display side facing the user. A “peer-to-peer tap” usage (hereinafter “P2P”), in which a user of a first NFC-enabled device ordinarily positions the first device near to a second NFC-enabled device. In the peer-to-peer tap usage, a tapping surface may be positioned away from the display side (e.g., on bottom of the device) in order to favor communication in that direction, because users engaging in a peer-to-peer tap, and holding their devices in a typical orientation for such usage, ordinarily will be facing each other from opposite directions.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a system and method to detect, by a system controller coupled to a touch sensor/screen, geometry information related to the size and shape of a metallic coil inside an NFC-enabled device, or that of wireless charging enabled devices, when such NFC-enabled devices or wireless charging enabled devices are placed next to the touch sensor/screen. Based on the detected geometry information, one of a plurality of transmitter coils embedded under the touch sensor/screen (for NFC or wireless charging), is selected in order to provide improved performance With the geometry information of the receiver coil, the transmitter device can make much better decision on which is the best coil to use to deliver best user experience (“UX”).
In contrast to simply adding more amplifiers, embodiments will avoid the additional power the amplifier may consume while provide better and more uniform NFC coverage.
In contrast to blindly switching in a fixed pattern between multiple coils behind the touch sensor/screen, embodiments are able to quickly identify a coil to use based on the sensor profile detection inputs, and provide a fast response to a user. Even if a switchable coil method uses either feedback from device under charge or load impedance change to determine which coil is best, the method does not provide enough information such as multiple devices being charged by one device or size mismatch between NFC reader coil and tag coil.
Reference is now made to the drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding thereof. It may be evident, however, that the novel embodiments can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate a description thereof. The intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives consistent with the claimed subject matter.
The differing requirements for self-tap and peer-to-peer tap is reflected in the different placement requirements put forth by credit card service providers and laptop operating system vendors, both of which have to be met by PC OEMs and NFC module suppliers. While it is possible to meet either one of the usage requirements above, there are no known scalable solutions to provide with high assurance the independent placement of two NFC tapping surfaces driven by the same module while optimally and selectably supporting both self-tap and peer-to-peer tap. Present approaches rely on the use of two independent modules to drive separate NFC coils, one coil on each surface of interest. This leads to a doubling of cost for the modules.
Convertible devices that can be operated in different lid modes (e.g., clamshell, tablet, and/or closed lid) are increasing popular. However, such convertible devices add additional complexity in the location of the NFC coil so that it is accessible in all lid modes.
When a single slider/convertible device need to support both self tap and P2P tap, there is a need for dual surface coverage. In convertible form factor devices, certain screen positions can block primary NFC tapping area, requiring a secondary tapping area to be provided. In the figure above, a tapping surface is required next to the palm rest or in the track pad for “clamshell mode” and another tapping surface is required on the bottom of the device for use in “tablet mode” when the palm rest area is blocked.
Specifically,
Embodiments of the present disclosure address the above shortcomings through the use of context based switching between two or more separate coils, driven one at a time by a single NFC module. The coils may be referred to herein as NFC coils, but it will be understood that such NFC coils may also be able to support wireless charging unless the context of usage clearly indicates that wireless charging is not supported. The NFC module is further able to support wireless charging.
Embodiments of the present disclosure address a problem of coil placement for multi-mode devices by using a context base switch between multiple coils, the coils all being driven by a single NFC module. For example,
Data used to select a preferred coil for NFC communication and/or wireless charging includes determination of a context for each coil. Context may be determined at least in part by using physical sensors. While a variety of sensors may be used for switching between the two or more coils, the sensors used by some embodiments may include one or more of: an accelerometer; a Hall Effect sensor; a pressure sensor; and/or a gyroscope. The sensors may be used to determine one or more of: a state of the lid angle; open/closed sensor; latched/unlatched sensor; device orientation; placement of the device on a surface; and so forth. An operating system may receive a message when there is a significant change in one or more of the sensor inputs, sufficient to indicate a meaningful change in physical status or physical state of laptop device, e.g., between a closed lid and clamshell mode or between clamshell and tablet modes. A change in physical state that may not be meaningful may be a physical change that does not result in a significant change in usage of the coils or the convertible device, e.g., a slight change in lid angle for the purpose of lessening reflection glare.
Touch sensor 700 includes a driver terminal 701 and a receiver terminal 703. Terminals 701, 703 connect touch sensor 700 to an external circuit (not illustrated). Terminals 701, 703 furthermore are electromagnetically coupled to each other, as indicated by field lines running through the body of screen 700. An equivalent capacitance Cx is formed between terminals 701, 703. In a quiescent state, once Cx is charged, little or no current flows through terminals 701 or 703.
As shown in
Similarly,
If embodiment 900 is configured for NFC, then circuit board 903 and/or host controller 901 may be configured to transmit and receive communication signals, via communication path 930, for or from the NFC channel
Circuit board 903 may be further coupled, via communication path 932, with NFC module 909. Path 932 supplies command signals and power energizing and detecting signals. NFC module 909 is communicatively coupled to a switch 907, and uses the command signals received from path 932 to control switch 907. Switch 907 selects one of the plurality of coils (e.g., one of coils 921, 922, 923, 924 and 925), allowing power energizing and detecting signals to be delivered to or read from the selected coil and associated circuitry.
Knowledge of coil geometry and location may be used to determine a best available coil geometry, and switch to the best available coil underneath the touch screen 911, e.g., one of coils 921, 922, 923, 924 and 925. Determination of the best available coil geometry may include relationships such as measuring signal strengths, calculating ratios, comparison of responses from the plurality of coils, recognizing patterns from among such data, and so forth. Calibrations and pre-calculations involving such relationships may be performed on a one-time basis during device design to formulate a set of relationships (e.g., tabular or algorithmic) stored in system memory, which can be used to select a coil to energize based upon the status or values of the measured relationships. Calibrations and pre-calculations may proceed by, e.g., successively switching between each transmit coil (e.g., reader coil) for a predetermined NFC tag (e.g., receiver coil) placed at a preselected set of locations on touch screen 911.
During an NFC transaction, if the touch sensor detects an NFC coil from a card during its normal scanning routine (e.g., card 805 and coil 807), coils 921, 922, 923, 924 and 925 provide sufficient information (e.g., geometry and location information) to the host 901 to enable pattern recognition processing. Processing by the host 901 may include selecting which coil of the plurality of coils would provide the best magnetic coupling performance with the detected coil 807 in card 805 (e.g., by accessing a lookup table stored in memory), and commanding switch 907 to connect NFC module 909 with the selected reader coil to complete the NFC transaction.
At block 1005, information related to the tag and/or coil geometry and location information is sent to host 901 in order to determine the best reader coil to use, e.g., which of coils 921, 922, 923, 924 and 925 to read from.
Finally, at block 1007, a command is issued to switch 903 in the NFC module in order to switch to the coil selected at block 1005.
Although
Circuit board 1101 is communicatively coupled via communication path 1132, with NFC module 1111. Path 1132 supplies command signals and power energizing and detecting signals. NFC module 1111 may include an NFC processor 1113 that is communicatively coupled to a switch 1115, and may use the command signals received from path 1132 to control switch 1115. Switch 1115 selects one of the plurality of coils and its interface circuitry (e.g., one of coils 1117 and 1119), allowing power energizing and detecting signals to be delivered to or read from the selected coil and associated circuitry. Switch 1115 may be further communicatively coupled to host processor 1103 via communication path 1133. Coils 1117 and 1119 may be selectively switched to support “me to me” usage (e.g., coil 401 and coil 403).
Communication path 1132 and/or 1133 may be used so that various input data from sensors 1105, 1107, 1109 may be processed by host processor 1103, and only the information pertaining to the state or change in state of NFC module 1111 is sent to NFC module 1111. An advantage is that future changes or updates to switching logic may be implemented without modifications to NFC module 1111. For example, if a particular switching feature becomes very successful, then future versions of NFC module 1111 maybe able to directly process the data from sensors 1105, 1107, 1109. Furthermore, embodiments are expandable via use of other sensors 1109 since NFC module 1111 is not aware of specific sensors and does not need to support all of them directly.
Next, at block 1153, a decision is made whether sensor inputs indicate conversion to a different physical configuration, e.g., to tablet mode. If the result of block 1153 is negative, then control returns to block 1151. If the result of block 1153 is affirmative, then control passes to block 1155.
At block 1155, the host issues a command to switch the NFC module output to coil 1117. Control then passes to block 1157.
At block 1157, a decision is made whether sensor inputs indicate conversion to a different physical configuration, e.g., to clam shell mode. If the result of block 1157 is negative, then control returns to block 1157. If the result of block 1157 is affirmative, then control passes to block 1159.
Finally, at block 1159, the host issues a command to switch the NFC module to coil 1119. Control of the process then reverts to block 1153.
Embodiments may use additional sensors or triggers, either individually or together with the sensors described to this point. For example, embodiments may use a change in the received signal level at the NFC receiver to infer a physical change of the laptop device that may cause a different coil to be a preferred coil. NFC communications have a property such that the receiver is always on, even while the transmitter is operational. This provides a natural way to measure large changes in a received signal level when the lid mode changes. Signal level changes may be caused by drastic change in the matching between pairs of NFC coils, and hence power transfer efficiency between the NFC coil and an NFC controller. Refer to
Process 1250 may then transition to decision block 1253, at which NFC module 1211 senses whether there exists a characteristic or environmental change related to coil 1219. Some embodiments may involve whether coil 1219 has worsened in relation to coil 1217, e.g., whether performance using coil 1219 has deteriorated to be worse than performance using coil 1217, and/or whether performance using coil 1217 has improved to be better than performance using coil 1219. If no such characteristic or environmental change is sensed, then process 1250 may revert to block 1251. If a characteristic or environmental change is sensed, then control of process 1250 may proceed to block 1255.
At block 1255, if the response to decision block 1253 is affirmative, then host controller 1207 may issue a command to switch the output of NFC module 1211 to coil 1217. Control of process 1250 then transitions to decision block 1257.
At decision block 1257, NFC module 1211 senses whether there exists a characteristic or environmental change related to coil 1217. Some embodiments may involve whether coil 1217 has worsened in relation to coil 1219, e.g., whether performance using coil 1217 has deteriorated to be worse than performance using coil 1219, and/or whether performance using coil 1219 has improved to be better than performance using coil 1217. If no such characteristic or environmental change is sensed, then process 1250 may revert to block 1257. If a characteristic or environmental change is sensed, then control of process 1250 may proceed to block 1259.
At block 1259, if the response to decision block 1257 is affirmative, then host controller 1207 may issue a command to switch the output of NFC module 1211 to coil 1219. Control of process 1250 may then revert to decision block 1253.
Embodiments may additionally use as triggers, either individually or together with other triggers described herein, the nature or purpose of an application accessing the NFC module. In some embodiments, the usage (as indicated by usage of an application program that is actively trying to control the NFC radio) determines the choice of coil to be used. For example, in a clamshell device when a payment application is active, a preferred coil to energize may be a coil mounted on or near the palm rest or touchpad. In contrast, if the active application were a P2P application, then a coil on the back of the display may be a preferred coil to energize. Activating a predetermined coil responsively to usage of an application program may be accomplished by a command from the application program or an operating system service that the application program uses. Alternatively, an operating system process (e.g., a background process) may monitor usage of the computing device by application programs, and activate a predetermined coil when a predetermined usage is detected. Refer to
Embodiment 1300 may include a software or firmware payment module 1321 to switch the output of NFC module 1311 between coil 1317 (e.g., tablet mode as shown in
Process 1350 may then transition to decision block 1353, at which a query or notification is made whether an e-commerce transaction needs to be conducted using the NFC interface. If no made known, then process 1350 may revert to block 1351. If a need for an e-commerce transaction through the NFC interface is sensed, then control of process 1350 may proceed to block 1355.
At block 1355, if the response to decision block 1353 is affirmative, then host controller 1307 may issue a command to switch the output of NFC module 1311 to coil 1317. Control of process 1350 then transitions to decision block 1357.
At decision block 1357, a query may be made whether the e-commerce transaction using the NFC communication link has completed. If the e-commerce transaction has not yet completed, control of process 1350 transitions to block 1361. If the e-commerce transaction has completed, then control of process 1350 transitions to block 1359.
A block 1359, host controller 1307 may issue a command to NFC module 1311 in order to change switch 1315 to connect to coil 1319 rather than to coil 1317. At the completion of block 1359, control of process 1350 reverts to decision block 1353.
At block 1361, a decision is made whether a time-out has occurred while waiting for the e-commerce transaction of block 1357 to finish. If the outcome of decision block is negative, then control of process 1350 reverts to block 1357. If the outcome of decision block is positive, then control of process 1350 transitions to block 1359.
The device 1400 may implement some or all of the structure and/or operations for an NFC-enabled mobile platform, the storage medium 1444, 1454 and/or logic circuit 1442 in a single computing entity, such as entirely within a single device. Alternatively, the device 1400 may distribute portions of the structure and/or operations for an NFC-enabled mobile platform, the storage medium 1444, 1454 and/or logic circuit 1442 across multiple computing entities using a distributed system architecture, such as a client-server architecture, a 3-tier architecture, an N-tier architecture, a tightly-coupled or clustered architecture, a peer-to-peer architecture, a master-slave architecture, a shared database architecture, and other types of distributed systems. The embodiments are not limited in this context.
In one embodiment, radio interface 1410 may include a component or combination of components adapted for transmitting and/or receiving NFC signals, single carrier or multi-carrier modulated signals (e.g., including complementary code keying (CCK) and/or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) although the embodiments are not limited to any specific over-the-air interface or modulation scheme. Radio interface 1410 may include, for example, a receiver 1412, a transmitter 1416 and/or a frequency synthesizer 1414. Radio interface 1410 may include bias controls, a crystal oscillator and/or one or more antennas 1418-p. In another embodiment, radio interface 1410 may use external voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), surface acoustic wave filters, intermediate frequency (IF) filters and/or RF filters, as desired. Due to the variety of potential RF interface designs an expansive description thereof is omitted.
Baseband circuitry 1420 may communicate with radio interface 1410 to process receive and/or transmit signals and may include, for example, an analog-to-digital converter 1422 for down converting received signals, a digital-to-analog converter 1424 for up converting signals for transmission. Further, baseband circuitry 1420 may include a baseband or physical layer (PHY) processing circuit 1456 for PHY link layer processing of respective receive/transmit signals. Baseband circuitry 1420 may include, for example, a processing circuit 1428 for medium access control (MAC)/data link layer processing. Baseband circuitry 1420 may include a memory controller 1432 for communicating with processing circuit 1428 and/or a computing platform 1430, for example, via one or more interfaces 1434.
In some embodiments, PHY processing circuit 1426 may include a frame construction and/or detection module, in combination with additional circuitry such as a buffer memory, to construct and/or deconstruct communication frames. Alternatively or in addition, MAC processing circuit 1428 may share processing for certain of these functions or perform these processes independent of PHY processing circuit 1426. In some embodiments, MAC and PHY processing may be integrated into a single circuit.
The computing platform 1430 may provide computing functionality for the device 1400. As shown, the computing platform 1430 may include a processing component 1440. In addition to, or alternatively of, the baseband circuitry 1420, the device 1400 may execute processing operations or logic for a UE, a base station, the storage medium 1444 and/or logic circuit 1442 using the processing component 1430. The processing component 1430 (and/or PHY 1426 and/or MAC 1428) may comprise various hardware elements, software elements, or a combination of both. Examples of hardware elements may include devices, logic devices, components, processors, microprocessors, circuits, processor circuits, circuit elements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and so forth), integrated circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLD), digital signal processors (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), memory units, logic gates, registers, semiconductor device, chips, microchips, chip sets, and so forth. Examples of software elements may include software components, programs, applications, computer programs, application programs, system programs, software development programs, machine programs, operating system software, middleware, firmware, software modules, routines, subroutines, functions, methods, procedures, software interfaces, application program interfaces (API), instruction sets, computing code, computer code, code segments, computer code segments, words, values, symbols, or any combination thereof. Determining whether an embodiment is implemented using hardware elements and/or software elements may vary in accordance with any number of factors, such as desired computational rate, power levels, heat tolerances, processing cycle budget, input data rates, output data rates, memory resources, data bus speeds and other design or performance constraints, as desired for a given implementation.
The computing platform 1430 may further include other platform components 1450. Other platform components 1450 include common computing elements, such as one or more processors, multi-core processors, co-processors, memory units, chipsets, controllers, peripherals, interfaces, oscillators, timing devices, video cards, audio cards, multimedia input/output (I/O) components (e.g., digital displays), power supplies, and so forth. Examples of memory units may include without limitation various types of computer readable and machine readable storage media in the form of one or more higher speed memory units, such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, polymer memory such as ferroelectric polymer memory, ovonic memory, phase change or ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, magnetic or optical cards, an array of devices such as Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) drives, solid state memory devices (e.g., USB memory, solid state drives (SSD) and any other type of storage media suitable for storing information.
Device 1400 may be, for example, an ultra-mobile device, a mobile device, a fixed device, a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile computing device, a smart phone, a telephone, a digital telephone, a cellular telephone, user equipment, eBook readers, a handset, a one-way pager, a two-way pager, a messaging device, a computer, a personal computer (PC), a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook computer, a handheld computer, a tablet computer, a server, a server array or server farm, a web server, a network server, an Internet server, a work station, a mini-computer, a main frame computer, a supercomputer, a network appliance, a web appliance, a distributed computing system, multiprocessor systems, processor-based systems, consumer electronics, programmable consumer electronics, game devices, television, digital television, set top box, wireless access point, base station, node B, evolved node B (eNB), subscriber station, mobile subscriber center, radio network controller, router, hub, gateway, bridge, switch, machine, or combination thereof. Accordingly, functions and/or specific configurations of device 1400 described herein, may be included or omitted in various embodiments of device 1400, as suitably desired. In some embodiments, device 1400 may be configured to be compatible with protocols and frequencies associated one or more of the 3GPP LTE Specifications and/or IEEE 702.16 Standards for WMANs, and/or other broadband wireless networks, cited herein, although the embodiments are not limited in this respect.
Embodiments of device 1400 may be implemented using single input single output (SISO) architectures. However, certain implementations may include multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 1418-p) for transmission and/or reception using adaptive antenna techniques for beamforming or spatial division multiple access (SDMA) and/or using MIMO communication techniques.
The components and features of device 1400 may be implemented using any combination of discrete circuitry, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), logic gates and/or single chip architectures. Further, the features of device 1400 may be implemented using microcontrollers, programmable logic arrays and/or microprocessors or any combination of the foregoing where suitably appropriate. It is noted that hardware, firmware and/or software elements may be collectively or individually referred to herein as “logic” or “circuit.”
It should be appreciated that the exemplary device 1400 shown in the block diagram of
One or more aspects of at least one embodiment may be implemented by representative instructions stored on a machine-readable medium which represents various logic within the processor, which when read by a machine causes the machine to fabricate logic to perform the techniques described herein. Such representations, known as “IP cores” may be stored on a tangible, machine readable medium and supplied to various customers or manufacturing facilities to load into the fabrication machines that actually make the logic or processor. Some embodiments may be implemented, for example, using a machine-readable medium or article which may store an instruction or a set of instructions that, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform a method and/or operations in accordance with the embodiments. Such a machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like, and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware and/or software. The machine-readable medium or article may include, for example, any suitable type of memory unit, memory device, memory article, memory medium, storage device, storage article, storage medium and/or storage unit, for example, memory, removable or non-removable media, erasable or non-erasable media, writeable or re-writeable media, digital or analog media, hard disk, floppy disk, Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), Compact Disk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD-RW), optical disk, magnetic media, magneto-optical media, removable memory cards or disks, various types of Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), a tape, a cassette, or the like. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, encrypted code, and the like, implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language.
The following examples pertain to further embodiments:
An apparatus to provide switchable coils in a computing device may comprise a plurality of electrically conductive coils to transfer electromagnetic energy, a sensor coupled to a processor, the processor to select a coil from among the plurality of electrically conductive coils by use of the sensor, a switch to energize the selected coil, and a switch controller coupled to the switch and to the processor to control the switch.
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils comprising an inductive charging interface.
Such an apparatus may further comprise a communication interface between the processor to the plurality of electrically conductive coils, the plurality of coils comprising an interface for near-field communications (NFC).
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils arranged under a touch-screen user interface.
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils arranged along at least two major surfaces of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor to sense a physical configuration of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor to sense an operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor to sense a physical configuration of the computing device that is related to a change in operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor to sense a pattern of responses from the plurality of electrically conductive coils.
Such an apparatus may further comprise an application program monitor, to activate a predetermined coil upon detection of predetermined application program activity.
A system to provide switchable coils in a computing device may comprise a processor coupled to a memory, a plurality of electrically conductive coils to transfer electromagnetic energy, a sensor coupled to the processor, the processor to select a coil from among the plurality of electrically conductive coils by use of the sensor, a switch to energize the selected coil, and a switch controller coupled to the switch and to the processor to control the switch.
With respect to such a system, the plurality of coils may comprise an inductive charging interface.
Such a system may further comprise a communication interface between the processor to the plurality of electrically conductive coils, the plurality of coils comprising an interface for near-field communications (NFC).
With respect to such a system, the plurality of coils may be arranged under a touch-screen user interface.
With respect to such a system, the plurality of coils may be arranged along at least two major surfaces of the computing device.
With respect to such a system, the sensor may sense a physical configuration of the computing device.
With respect to such a system, the sensor may sense an operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such a system, the sensor may sense a physical configuration of the computing device that is related to a change in operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such a system, the sensor may sense a pattern of responses from the plurality of electrically conductive coils.
Such a system may further comprise an application program monitor, to activate a predetermined coil upon detection of predetermined application program activity.
At least one machine-readable medium may comprise a plurality of instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, may cause a controller to cause a plurality of electrically conductive coils to transfer electromagnetic energy, to receive data from a sensor coupled to the controller, to select a coil from among the plurality of electrically conductive coils by use of the data, to control a switch to energize the selected coil, and to communicate with a switch controller coupled to the switch and to the processor.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the plurality of coils may comprise an inductive charging interface.
Such a computer-readable storage medium may further comprise instructions that, when executed, cause a controller to communicate on a communication interface between the processor to the plurality of electrically conductive coils, the plurality of coils comprising an interface for near-field communications (NFC).
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the plurality of coils arranged under a touch-screen user interface.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the plurality of coils arranged along at least two major surfaces of the computing device.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the sensor to sense a physical configuration of the computing device.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the sensor to sense an operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the sensor to sense a physical configuration of the computing device that is related to a change in operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such a computer-readable storage medium, the sensor to sense a pattern of responses from the plurality of electrically conductive coils.
Such a computer-readable storage medium may further comprise an application program monitor, to activate a predetermined coil upon detection of predetermined application program activity.
A method to provide switchable coils in a computing device may comprise providing a plurality of electrically conductive coils to transfer electromagnetic energy, selecting a coil from among the plurality of electrically conductive coils, by use of a sensor coupled to a processor, energizing the selected coil by use of a switch, and controlling the switch by use of a switch controller coupled to the switch and to the processor.
With respect to such a method, the plurality of coils may comprise an inductive charging interface.
Such a method may further comprise communicating between the processor and the plurality of electrically conductive coils, the plurality of coils comprising an interface for near-field communications (NFC).
With respect to such a method, the plurality of coils may be arranged under a touch-screen user interface.
With respect to such a method, the plurality of coils may be arranged along at least two major surfaces of the computing device.
With respect to such a method, the sensor sensing a physical configuration of the computing device.
With respect to such a method, the sensor sensing an operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such a method, the sensor sensing a physical configuration of the computing device that is related to a change in operating state of the computing device.
Such a method may further comprise the sensor sensing a pattern of responses from the plurality of electrically conductive coils.
Such a method may further comprise activating a predetermined coil upon detection of predetermined application program activity.
An apparatus to provide switchable coils in a computing device may comprise a means for providing a plurality of electrically conductive coils to transfer electromagnetic energy, a means for selecting a coil from among the plurality of electrically conductive coils, by use of a sensor coupled to a processor, a means for energizing the selected coil by use of a switch, and a means for controlling the switch by use of a switch controller coupled to the switch and to the processor.
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils may comprise an inductive charging interface.
Such an apparatus may further comprise a means for communicating between the processor and the plurality of electrically conductive coils, the plurality of coils comprising an interface for near-field communications (NFC).
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils arranged under a touch-screen user interface.
With respect to such an apparatus, the plurality of coils arranged along at least two major surfaces of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor sensing a physical configuration of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor sensing an operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor sensing a physical configuration of the computing device that is related to a change in operating state of the computing device.
With respect to such an apparatus, the sensor sensing a pattern of responses from the plurality of electrically conductive coils.
Such an apparatus may further comprise a means for activating a predetermined coil upon detection of predetermined application program activity.
Some embodiments may be described using the expression “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” along with their derivatives. These terms mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Furthermore, in the following description and/or claims, the terms coupled and/or connected, along with their derivatives, may be used. In particular embodiments, connected may be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical and/or electrical contact with each other. Coupled may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical and/or electrical contact. However, coupled may also mean that two or more elements may not be in direct contact with each other, but yet may still cooperate and/or interact with each other. For example, “coupled” may mean that two or more elements do not contact each other but are indirectly joined together via another element or intermediate elements.
In addition, the term “and/or” may mean “and,” it may mean “or,” it may mean “exclusive-or,” it may mean “one,” it may mean “some, but not all,” it may mean “neither,” and/or it may mean “both,” although the scope of claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect. In the following description and/or claims, the terms “comprise” and “include,” along with their derivatives, may be used and are intended as synonyms for each other.
It is emphasized that the Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow a reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein,” respectively. Moreover, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and so forth, are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.
What has been described above includes examples of the disclosed architecture. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components and/or methodologies, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations are possible. Accordingly, the novel architecture is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/911,244, filed on Feb. 9, 2016, which is a National Stage Entry of PCT Application Ser. No. PCT/US2013/075594 filed on Dec. 17, 2013, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/864,430, filed on Aug. 9, 2013, and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/864,433, filed on Aug. 9, 2013, the entire content of both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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| Child | 16385088 | US |
