Patent Grant
10014105
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a coil unit and a wireless power transmission device.
2. Description of the Related Art
Recently, in order to transmit power without mechanical contact by a cable or the like, a wireless power transmission technique using electromagnetic induction operation between a primary (transmission) coil and a secondary (power receiving) coil which face each other has attracted attention, and is expected to be widely used as a power feeding device for charging a secondary battery mounted in an electric vehicle (EV) or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV).
In a case in which a wireless power transmission technique is applied to a power feeding device for an electric vehicle or the like, it is assumed that a positional relationship between a transmission coil provided on the ground and a power receiving coil mounted in an electric vehicle or the like is not necessarily constant. In this way, in a case in which the positions of the transmission coil and the power receiving coil are shifted, magnetic coupling between the coils is significantly reduced, and as a result, there is a problem in which power transmission efficiency is reduced.
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-172084, a technique of a non-contact power feeding device using a plurality of cores disposed at predetermined intervals on a flat surface has been proposed. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-172084 discloses that the non-contact power feeding device is resistant to a positional shift since the plurality of cores operate as cores with sizes expanded by including a gap therebetween.
In the technique disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-172084, the plurality of cores are disposed at predetermined intervals on a flat surface, each core using a coil in which a winding wire is wound in a helical shape, and thus power transmission efficiency can be increased. However, in a case of the coil in which a winding wire is wound in a helical shape into the cores, since a magnetic flux which is circulated up to a place separated from the coil is easily generated, there is a problem that an unnecessary leakage magnetic field is easy to be formed in the place separated from the coil. Particularly, in a case in which a wireless power transmission technique is applied to a charging device for a power electronic device such as an electric vehicle, since it is necessary to make a large current flow through the coil because a large power transmission is required, there is a possibility that a leakage magnetic field strength formed in the place separated from the coil may also increase, and electromagnetic interference negatively affecting a peripheral electronic apparatus or the like may occur.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a coil unit and a wireless power transmission device in which a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed and an unnecessary leakage magnetic field formed in a place separated from the coil unit is reduced.
A coil unit according to the present invention, which wirelessly transmits a power from a transmission side to a power receiving side, includes: a coil on which a winding wire is wound in a helical shape; a non-magnetic conductive plate which is disposed along an axis of the coil; and a magnetic body. The magnetic body includes a first portion which is positioned in an outer side than an outline of one side of the conductive plate in an axis direction of the coil, and a second portion which is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the other side of the conductive plate in the axis direction of the coil. When viewing from the axis direction of the coil, the first and second portions are positioned on a side of the conductive plate where is opposite to a side which faces the coil.
According to the present invention, since the magnetic body includes the first portion which is positioned in the outer side than the outline of one side of the conductive plate in the axis direction of the coil, and the second portion which is positioned in the outer side than the outline of the other side of the conductive plate in the axis direction of the coil, a magnetic path with a low magnetoresistance is formed. That is, a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body is smaller than a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the coil unit. Thus, the magnetic flux easily forms the magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body, and the magnetic flux hardly forms the magnetic path which is circulated up to a place separated from the coil unit. As a result, since magnetic flux density of a place separated from the coil unit is decreased, a strength of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the coil unit is decreased. Furthermore, since magnetic coupling of the coil and the magnetic body is prevented from excessively increasing by the non-magnetic conductive plate which is disposed in the axis direction of the coil, magnetic coupling of a transmission side and a power receiving side in the wireless power transmission can be prevented from significantly decreasing. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed.
It is preferable that the magnetic body further include a third portion which is positioned between the first portion and the second portion, and imaginary component values of permeability of the first and second portions be smaller than an imaginary component value of permeability of the third portion. That is, since the first and second portions of the magnetic body have small imaginary component values of permeability, loss and heat generation in the first and second portions are small, even in a case in which magnetic flux density of the first and second portions is high. Thus, even if a position of the coil unit is shifted and the magnetic flux density of the first or second portion which is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the conductive plate is locally increased, the loss and heat generation in the first and second portions can be reduced.
A wireless power transmission device according to the present invention, which wirelessly transmits by a transmission coil and a power receiving coil unit facing each other, includes: the transmission coil in which a winding wire is wound on a magnetic core; and the power receiving coil unit which is configured with the above-described coil unit. When viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil and the power receiving coil unit, an outline of a conductive plate of the power receiving coil unit is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the magnetic core.
According to the present invention, magnetic coupling of the transmission coil and the magnetic body is more effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate, and among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coils, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil selectively forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
A wireless power transmission device according to the present invention, which wirelessly transmits by first and second transmission coils and a power receiving coil unit facing each other, includes: the first and second transmission coils in which directions of magnetic fields generated when a current flows are reversed to each other, and are apposed; a magnetic core which is disposed along an arrangement direction of the first and second transmission coils; and the power receiving coil unit which is configured with the above-described coil unit. When viewing from a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils and the power receiving coil unit, an outline of the conductive plate of the power receiving coil unit is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the magnetic core of the first and second transmission coils.
According to the present invention, magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils and the magnetic body is more effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate, and among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the first and second transmission coils, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil selectively forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
A wireless power transmission device according to the present invention, which wirelessly transmits by a transmission coil unit and a power receiving coil facing each other, includes: the transmission coil unit which is configured with the above-described coil unit; and the power receiving coil. The coil of the transmission coil unit includes a magnetic core. When viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil unit and the power receiving coil, an outline of the conductive plate of the transmission coil unit is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the magnetic core.
According to the present invention, magnetic coupling of the coils included in the transmission coil unit and the magnetic body is more effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate, and among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the coils included in the transmission coil unit, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil selectively forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a coil unit which suppresses a decrease of power transmission efficiency, and can reduce an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the coil unit.
Embodiments for executing the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same symbols or reference numerals will be attached to the same elements or the elements having the same functions, and repeated description will be omitted.
An entire configuration of a wireless power transmission device S1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be first described with reference to
As illustrated in
The wireless transmission device Ut1 includes a power supply PW, an inverter INV, and the transmission coil Lt. The wireless power receiving device Ur1 includes the power receiving coil unit Lru1 and a rectification circuit DB.
The wireless transmission device Ut1 will be first described. The power supply PW supplies the inverter INV which will be described later with DC power. As the power supply PW, all kinds of devices which output DC power can be used, and a DC power supply which rectifies commercial AC power and smoothes the rectified power, a secondary battery, a DC power supply which generates power from light, a switching power supply device such as a switching converter, or the like can be used.
The inverter INV has a function of converting an input DC power which is supplied from the power supply PW into AC power. In the present embodiment, the inverter INV converts the input DC power which is supplied from the power supply PW into AC power and supplies the transmission coil Lt which will be described later with the AC power. The inverter INV is configured by a switching circuit in which a plurality of switching elements are bridge-connected. As the switching element which configures the switching circuit, an element, such as, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) can be used.
As described in
Next, a configuration of the wireless power receiving device Ur1 will be described. The power receiving coil unit Lru1 has a function of receiving AC power which is transmitted from a transmission coil Lt. In a case in which the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the present embodiment is applied to a power feeding facility to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is mounted on a lower portion of the vehicle. The power receiving coil unit Lru1 includes the power receiving coil Lr, a conductive plate Sa, and the magnetic body Fa.
As described in
The conductive plate Sa is disposed along an axis of the power receiving coil Lr. Specifically, the conductive plate Sa is disposed along a surface of the power receiving coil Lr opposite to a surface which faces the transmission coil Lt, and is disposed parallel to the axis of the power receiving coil Lr. The conductive plate Sa functions as a magnetic shield material for preventing magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt or the power receiving coil Lr, and the magnetic body Fa which will be described later from being excessively increased. Specifically, the conductive plate Sa functions as a shield material which reduces passage of a magnetic flux by cancelling a magnetic field using an induced current, an eddy current, or the like. Thus, as a conductive plate Sa, all kinds of non-magnetic conductors, the surfaces of which function as electromagnetic shield materials can be used, and aluminum, copper, a steel plate, the surface of which is plated by zinc, or the like can be used. In the present embodiment, in a case in which a center point of the transmission coil Lt overlaps a center point of the power receiving coil unit Lru1 when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil unit Lru1, an outline of the conductive plate Sa of the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. For this reason, the magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the magnetic body Fa which will be described later can be effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sa. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fa which will be described. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
The magnetic body Fa is disposed along a surface of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a surface which faces the power receiving coil Lr. In addition, since forming a magnetic circuit with a low magnetoresistance, the magnetic body Fa is formed by a material with a high relative permeability. Specifically, if the relative permeability of the magnetic body Fa is greater than 1, a magnetoresistance ratio of the magnetic body Fa is lower than that of a surrounding space, and thus when the magnetic body Fa forms a magnetic circuit with a low magnetoresistance, an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is obtained. In the present embodiment, In order to more effectively decrease the leakage magnetic field, the magnetic body Fa is configured by a material with a relatively high relative permeability such as steel or a ferrite. In the present embodiment, the magnetic body Fa is configured by one plate, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, multiple plates may be disposed so as to be separated from each other. In all cases, a magnetic circuit with a high magnetoresistance can be formed by the magnetic body Fa. Furthermore, the magnetic body Fa may be used instead of a vehicle configuration components positioning near a lower portion of a vehicle, which are configured by a magnetic body.
In addition, the magnetic body Fa includes a first portion F1A which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of one side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and is positioned on a side of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a side which faces the power receiving coil Lr, when viewing from the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. That is, the magnetic body Fa protrudes toward an outer side (left side in the figure) than an outline (left end in the figure) of one side of the conductive plate Sa in the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr.
In addition, furthermore, the magnetic body Fa includes a second portion F2A which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and is positioned on a side of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a side which faces the power receiving coil Lr, when viewing from the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. That is, the magnetic body Fa protrudes toward an outer side (right side in the figure) than an outline (right end in the figure) of the other side of the conductive plate Sa in the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. The magnetic body Fa may or may not protrude toward an outer side than the outline of the conductive plate Sa, in a direction orthogonal to the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. In the present embodiment, a length of the conductive plate Sa and a length of the magnetic body Fa are approximately the same, in a direction orthogonal to the axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr.
The rectification circuit DB has a function of rectifying AC power that the power receiving coil Lr receive into DC power. As the rectification circuit DB, a conversion circuit which includes a full-wave rectification function using a diode bridges, and a power smoothing function using a capacitor and a three-terminal regulator, or the like is used. DC power which is rectified by the rectification circuit DB is output to a load R. Here, in a case in which the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the present embodiment is applied to a power feeding facility to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, a secondary battery mounted in the vehicle is used as the load R.
Next, a magnetic flux which is generated by the transmission coil Lt according to the present embodiment, and a reduction effect of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field will be described in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
Meanwhile, as illustrated in
Here, since a magnetoresistance ratio of the magnetic body Fa is lower than a magnetoresistance ratio of a surrounding space, a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa is smaller than a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1. Thus, the magnetic flux Bf1 which passes through the magnetic body Fa increases, and the magnetic flux Bn1 which is circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 decreases. As a result, since the magnetic flux Bn1 which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 decreases, magnetic flux density of a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is decreased, and a strength of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field represented by a magnetic flux density of a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is also decreased.
In addition, the first and second portions F1A and F2A of the magnetic body Fa are disposed so as to be positioned on the outside of both ends in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr of the conductive plate Sa, and thus, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr, more easily forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa. That is, the first and second portions F1A and F2A are disposed such that a magnetoresistance of the magnetic path formed by the magnetic body Fa is smaller. Thus, an unnecessary leakage magnetic field can be effectively reduced.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr, the outline of the conductive plate Sa is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. Thus, it is possible to effectively prevent the magnetic flux Bt1 which is interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr from forming a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa, and a magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
As described above, in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the present embodiment, the magnetic body Fa includes the first portion F1A which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of one side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and the second portion F2A which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and thereby a magnetic path with a low magnetoresistance is formed. That is, since the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa is smaller than the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1, the magnetic flux Bn1 which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 decreases. As a result, the strength of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is lowered. Furthermore, by the non-magnetic conductive plate Sa which is disposed in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt or the power receiving coil Lr and the magnetic body Fa can be prevented from excessively increasing, and thus magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr can be prevented from significantly decreasing. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed.
In addition, in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the present embodiment, when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr, the outline of the conductive plate Sa is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. Thus, the magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the magnetic body Fa is effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sa. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fa. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
Next, the wireless power transmission device S1b according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
A wireless power transmission device S1b includes a wireless transmission device Ut1b, and a wireless power receiving device Ur1b. Furthermore, the wireless transmission device Ut1b includes, the power supply PW, the inverter INV, the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb, and a magnetic core Ctb. In addition, the wireless power receiving device Ur1b includes the power receiving coil unit Lru1, and the rectification circuit DB.
Here, configurations of the power supply PW, the inverter INV, the power receiving coil unit Lru1, and the rectification circuit DB of the wireless power transmission device S1b are the same as those of the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment. The wireless power transmission device S1b is different from the wireless power transmission device S1 in that the wireless power transmission device S1b includes the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the magnetic core Ctb, instead of the transmission coil Lt. Hereinafter, in the wireless power transmission device S1b, different portions from the wireless power transmission device S1 will be mainly described.
The first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb are disposed on the same plane, and the axis of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb are both parallel to a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil unit Lru1. The first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb are respectively formed by winding the winding wire which is configured by a litz wire, such as, copper or aluminum, in a planar shape. The number of turns of each of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb is approximately set based on a predetermined distance between the power receiving coil unit Lru1 and the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb, a desired power transmission efficiency, or the like. The first transmission coil Lta and the second transmission coil Ltb are electrically connected in series to each other, and the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb are connected to the inverter INV. The first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb face the power receiving coil Lru1, and thereby power is wirelessly transmitted.
In addition, the directions of the magnetic fields of the first transmission coil Lta and the second transmission coil Ltb when a current flows are reversed to each other. That is, in a case in which the first transmission coil Lta and the second transmission coil Ltb have the same winding direction, the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb may be connected such that a direction of a current flowing through the first transmission coil Lta is reversed to a direction of a current flowing through the second transmission coil Ltb. Alternatively, in a case in which the first transmission coil Lta and the second transmission coil Ltb have reverse winding directions, the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb may be connected such that the direction of the current flowing through the first transmission coil Lta is the same as the direction of the current flowing through the second transmission coil Ltb. By doing this, the directions of the magnetic fields to be generated are reversed to each other, and thus a magnetic path which is interlinked with the transmission coils Lta and Ltb in both directions is efficiently formed by the magnetic fields generated in both coils.
The magnetic core Ctb is disposed along a side of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb opposite to a side which faces the power receiving coil unit Lru1. The magnetic core Ctb is configured using a material with a relatively high relative permeability, such as a ferrite. By the magnetic core Ctb, inductances of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb are increased, and magnetic coupling of the first transmission coil Lta and the second transmission coil Ltb is increased. Thus, an efficient magnetic flux can be generated.
In a case in which the center point of the magnetic core Ctb overlaps the center point of the power receiving coil unit Lru1, when viewing from a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil Lru1, the outline of the magnetic core Ctb is positioned in an inner side than the outline of the conductive plate Sa of the power receiving coil unit Lru1. That is, when viewing from a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil Lru1, the outline of the conductive plate Sa of the power receiving coil unit Lru1 is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ctb. For this reason, the magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the magnetic body Fa is effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sa. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fa. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
Next, a magnetic flux which is generated by the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and a reduction effect of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field will be described in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
Meanwhile, as illustrated in
Here, in the power receiving coil unit Lru1, since the conductive plate Sa is installed along a surface on a side of the power receiving coil Lr opposite to a surface which faces the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb, the magnetic flux Bt1b forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa, and thereby a decrease of the magnetic flux which is interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr is suppressed. That is, by the conductive plate Sa, magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb or the power receiving coil Lr, and the magnetic body Fa can be prevented from excessively increasing, and magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil Lr can be prevented from significantly decreasing. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, when viewing from a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil unit Lru1, the outline of the conductive plate Sa is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ctb of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb. Thus, by forming a magnetic path such that the magnetic flux Bt1b passes through the magnetic body Fa, a decrease of a magnetic flux which is interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr can be effectively suppressed. That is, by the conductive plate Sa, the magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the magnetic body Fa is effectively prevented from excessively increasing.
As described above, in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the present embodiment, when viewing from a facing direction of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the power receiving coil Lr, the outline of the conductive plate Sa is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ctb of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb. Thus, magnetic coupling of the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb and the magnetic body Fa is prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sa. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the first and second transmission coils Lta and Ltb, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fa. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
Next, a wireless power transmission device S2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
The wireless power transmission device S2 includes a wireless transmission device Ut2 and a wireless power receiving device Ur2. The wireless transmission device Ut2 includes the power supply PW, the inverter INV, and the transmission coil unit Ltu1. The wireless power receiving device Ur2 includes the power receiving coil Lr and the rectification circuit DB. Here, configurations of the power supply PW, the inverter INV, and the rectification circuit DB are the same as those of the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment. The wireless power transmission device S2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment in that the wireless power transmission device S2 includes the transmission coil unit Ltu1 instead of the transmission coil Lt, and includes the power receiving coil Lr instead of the power receiving coil unit Lru1. A configuration of the power receiving coil Lr according to the present embodiment is the same as the power receiving coil Lr included in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the first embodiment. That is, in the power receiving coil Lr according to the present embodiment, the conductive plate Sa and the magnetic body Fa are removed from the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the portions different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.
The configuration of the transmission coil unit Ltu1 will be first described. The transmission coil unit Ltu1 includes the transmission coil Lt, a conductive plate Sb, and a magnetic body Fb. Each configuration of the transmission coil Lt, the conductive plate Sb, and the magnetic body Fb is the same as each configuration of the transmission coil Lt of the wireless transmission device Ut2 which is included in the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment, the conductive plate Sa which is included in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 according to the first embodiment, and the magnetic body Fa.
The conductive plate Sb is disposed in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt. Specifically, the conductive plate Sb is disposed along a surface on a side of the transmission coil Lt opposite to a surface which faces the power receiving coil Lr, when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil unit Ltu1 and the power receiving coil Lr, an outline of the conductive plate Sb is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. For this reason, magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the magnetic body Fb is effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sb. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fb. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
The magnetic body Fb is disposed along a surface of the conductive plate Sb opposite to a surface which faces the transmission coil Lt. when the transmission coil unit Ltu1 is viewed from the power receiving coil Lr, the magnetic body Fb protrudes toward outer both sides than the outline of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt. In addition, since forming a magnetic circuit with a low magnetoresistance, the magnetic body Fb is configured by a material with relatively high relative permeability, such as, steel or a ferrite. In the present embodiment, the magnetic body Fb is configured by one plate, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, multiple plates may be disposed so as to be separated from each other. In all cases, a magnetic circuit with a high magnetoresistance can be formed by the magnetic body Fb.
In addition, the magnetic body Fb is positioned in an outer side than an outline of one side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt. When viewing from an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic body Fb includes a first portion F1B which is positioned on a side of the conductive plate Sb opposite to a side which faces the transmission coil Lt. That is, the magnetic body Fb protrudes toward an outer side (left side in the figure) than an outline (left end in the figure) of one side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt.
In addition, furthermore, the magnetic body Fb is positioned in an outer side than an outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt. When viewing from an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic body Fb includes a second portion F2B which is positioned on a side of the conductive plate Sb opposite to a side which faces the transmission coil Lt. That is, the magnetic body Fb protrudes toward an outer side (right side in the figure) than an outline (right end in the figure) of the other side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt. In a direction orthogonal to the axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic body Fb may or may not protrude toward an outer side than the outline of the conductive plate Sb. In the present embodiment, a length of the conductive plate Sb and a length of the magnetic body Fb are approximately the same, in a direction orthogonal to the axis direction of the transmission coil Lt.
Next, the magnetic flux which is generated by the transmission coil Lt according to the present embodiment, and a reduction effect of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field will be described in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
Meanwhile, as illustrated in
Here, in the transmission coil unit Ltu1, a magnetic path having a magnetoresistance lower than that of the surrounding space is formed by the magnetic body Fb having permeability higher than that of a surrounding space, and thus, it is possible to reduce the magnetic flux Bn2 which widely circulates up to a place separated from the transmission coil unit Ltu1, and to reduce an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the transmission coil unit Ltu1. Furthermore, the first and second portions F1B and F2B of the magnetic body Fb is disposed so as to be positioned on the outside of both end of the conductive plate Sb, in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, and thus, a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which is formed by the magnetic body Fb is further decreased, and it is possible to effectively reduce an unnecessary leakage magnetic field.
In addition, in the present embodiment, when the conductive plate Sb and the transmission coil Lt are viewed from a facing direction of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr, the outline of the conductive plate Sb is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. Thus, it is possible to more effectively suppress that the magnetic flux Bt2 which is interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fb, and the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fb. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
As described above, in the transmission coil unit Ltu1 according to the present embodiment, the magnetic body Fb includes the first portion F1B which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of one side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, and the second portion F2B which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sb in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, and thereby a magnetic path with a low magnetoresistance is formed. That is, since the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fb is smaller than the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the transmission coil unit Ltu1, the magnetic flux Bn2 which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the transmission coil unit Ltu1 decreases. As a result, the strength of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the transmission coil unit Ltu1 is lowered. Furthermore, by the non-magnetic conductive plate Sb which is disposed in an axis direction of the transmission coil Lt, magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the magnetic body Fb is prevented from excessively increasing, and thus magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr can be prevented from significantly decreasing. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed.
In addition, in the power receiving coil unit Ltu1 according to the present embodiment, when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr, the outline of the conductive plate Sb is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the magnetic core Ct of the transmission coil Lt. Thus, the magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the magnetic body Fb is effectively prevented from excessively increasing by the conductive plate Sb. Also, among the magnetic fluxes which are generated by the transmission coil Lt, the magnetic flux which is not interlinked with the power receiving coil Lr that will be described later selectively forms a magnetic path which passes though the magnetic body Fb. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed, and an effect in which a leakage magnetic field is reduced is increased even more.
Next, a wireless power transmission device S3 according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to
The wireless power transmission device S3 includes the wireless transmission device Ut1 and a wireless power receiving device Ur3. Furthermore, the wireless power receiving device Ur3 includes the power receiving coil unit Lru2 and the rectification circuit DB. Here, configurations of the wireless transmission device Ut1 and the rectification circuit DB are the same as those of the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment. The wireless power receiving device Ur3 of the wireless power transmission device S3 according to the fourth embodiment, is different from that of the first embodiment in that the power receiving coil unit Lru2 is included the wireless power receiving device UR3 instead of the power receiving coil unit Lru1. Hereinafter, in the coil unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, portions different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.
A configuration of the power receiving coil unit Lru2 will be first described with reference to
The magnetic body Fc includes a first portion F1C, a second portion F2C, and a third portion F3C. When viewing from an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, the first portion F1C is disposed so as to be positioned on a surface of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a surface which faces the power receiving coil Lr. In addition, the first portion F1C is disposed so as to be positioned in an outer side than an outline of one side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. The first portion F1C is configured also by a material such as a ferrite with a relatively low imaginary component value of permeability, among magnetic bodies with high permeability.
When viewing from an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, the second portion F2C is disposed so as to be positioned on a surface side of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a surface which faces the power receiving coil Lr. In addition, the second portion F2C is disposed so as to be positioned in an outer side than an outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr. The second portion F2C is configured also by a material such as a ferrite with a relatively low imaginary component value of permeability, among magnetic bodies with high permeability.
The third portion F3C is disposed along a surface of the conductive plate Sa opposite to a surface which faces the power receiving coil Lr. In addition, in the present embodiment, an end (left end of the figure) of one side of the third portion F3C in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, is connected to the first portion F1C, and an end (right end of the figure) of the other side of the third portion F3C is connected to the second portion F2C. That is, the first and second portions F1C and F2C are connected to each other through the third portion F3C. In this case, a magnetoresistance of a magnetic path which is formed by a magnetic flux which passes through the magnetic body Fc is further lowered, and thus it is possible to more reliably increase a reduction effect of a leakage magnetic field. The third portion F3C is configured by a material such as steel with a relatively high relative permeability.
Here, even if the third portion F3C is configured by a material such as a ferrite with a relatively low imaginary component value of permeability in the same manner as in the first and second portions F1C and F2C, it is possible to obtain a reduction effect of a leakage magnetic field. However, as illustrated in
Next, a magnetic flux which is generated by the transmission coil Lt according to the present embodiment, and a reduction effect of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field will be described in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
Meanwhile, as illustrated in
Next, with reference to
As illustrated in
As described above, in the power receiving coil unit Lru2 according to the present embodiment, the magnetic body Fc includes a first portion F1C which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of one side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and the second portion F2C which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the other side of the conductive plate Sa in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, and thereby a magnetic path with a low magnetoresistance is formed. That is, since the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which passes through the magnetic body Fc is smaller than the magnetoresistance of the magnetic path which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru2, the magnetic flux Bn3 which is widely circulated up to a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru2 decreases. As a result, the strength of an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a place separated from the power receiving coil unit Lru2 is lowered. Furthermore, by the non-magnetic conductive plate Sa which is disposed in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr, magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt or the power receiving coil Lr and the magnetic body Fc can be prevented from excessively increasing, and thus magnetic coupling of the transmission coil Lt and the power receiving coil Lr can be prevented from significantly decreasing. As a result, a decrease of power transmission efficiency is suppressed.
Furthermore, the power receiving coil unit Lru2 according to the present embodiment, imaginary component values of permeability of the first and second portions F1C and F2C of the magnetic body Fc are smaller than an imaginary component value of permeability of the third portion F3C. Thus, even if the position of the power receiving coil unit Lru2 is shifted, when the first and second portions F1C and F2C which is positioned in an outer side than the outline of the conductive plate Sa approaches the transmission coil Lt which face the power receiving coil unit Lru2, the loss and heat generation of the first and second portions F1C and F2C can be reduced, even if the magnetic flux density of the first and second portions F1C and F2C is locally increased.
Hereinafter, a specific description on a decrease of the unnecessary leakage magnetic field and suppressing of the decrease of power transmission efficiency according to the above-described embodiments will be made using first and second examples and a comparative example.
As the first example, the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment has been used. As the second example, the wireless power transmission device S3 according to the fourth embodiment described above was. In addition, in order to compare characteristics of a comparative example with those of the first and second examples, a wireless power transmission device in which the conductive plate Sa and the first and second magnetic body Fa were removed has been used in the wireless power transmission device S1 according to the first embodiment.
A configuration of a transmission coil Lt10 and a power receiving coil Lr10 of a wireless power transmission device of the comparative example will be first described with reference to
Here, in the first and second examples and the comparative example, a litz wire that is obtained by twisting approximately 4000 copper wires which are coated with polyimide and which respectively have a diameter of 0.05 mm, and that has a diameter of approximately 6 mm has been used for winding wires Wt and Wt10 of the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and for winding wires Wr and Wr10 of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10. In addition, a ferrite (with relative permeability of approximately 3000) with a length 300 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a thickness of 30 mm has been used for the magnetic cores Ct and Ct10 of the transmission coils Lt and Lt10, and the magnetic cores Cr and Cr10 of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10. The transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 are respectively configured by winding the winding wires Wt, Wt10, Wr, and Wr10 by 30 turns in a helical shape.
In addition, in the power receiving coil units Lru1 and Lry2 of the first and second examples, an aluminum plate with a length of 600 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm has been used as the conductive plates Sa and Sb, and in the power receiving coil unit Lru1 of the first example, a plate with a length of 600 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm, in which magnetic body powder was solidified with resin, has been used as the magnetic body Fa. A magnetic body F was disposed so as to protrude by 50 mm on both outsides in an axis direction of the power receiving coil Lr of the conductive plate Sa. Meanwhile, in the power receiving coil unit Lru2 of the second example, a ferrite (loss is equal to or less than 350 kW/m3, in 100 kHz and 200 mT) which has a length of 50 mm, a width of 50 mm, and a thickness of 40 mm and in which an imaginary component value of permeability is relatively small and loss is less, has been used as the first and second portions F1C and F2C of the magnetic body Fc, and a steel plate with a length of 100 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm has been used as the third portion F3C.
Subsequently, in the first and second examples and the comparative example, power transmission efficiency and an unnecessary leakage magnetic field have been measured. At this time, in a state in which a distance between the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 has been set to 100 mm, the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 have been disposed such that the centers of the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and the centers of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 are identical to each other, when viewing from a facing direction of the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 and the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10. In addition, in order to adjust an impedance of an electrical circuit, capacitors with capacitances according to impedances of the transmission coils Lt and Lt10 or the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 have been inserted in series to the transmission coils Lt and Lt10, and the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10, and the measurement has been performed. A supplying power of the power supply PW was adjusted such that the power which is supplied to the load R is 1.5 kW.
As the power transmission efficiency, while taking into account loss of the inverter INV and loss of the rectification circuit DB which was measured in ad advance, an efficiency between the transmission coil unit and the power receiving coil has been calculated, based on the measured result of the power which is supplied by the power supply PW and the power which is supplied to the load R.
For an unnecessary leakage magnetic field, a magnetic field strength on a position separated from the centers of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 by 10 m has been used as an indicator. In a state in which a loop antenna was installed in a position separated by 10 m in an axis direction of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 from the center of the power receiving coils Lr and Lr10, the magnetic field strength has been measured. Here, in the loop antenna, magnetic field strengths in three orthogonal directions (X, Y, Z directions) have been measured, and by synthesizing the magnetic field strengths, the leakage magnetic field has been calculated. The transmission coils Lt and Lt10 have been installed in a position with a height of 500 mm from a floor surface, such that a surface through power is transmitted faces the top. The power receiving coils Lr and Lr10 have been installed above the transmission coils Lt and Lt10, so as to be disposed at an interval of 100 mm. In addition, the loop antenna was installed such that its center is positioned in a height of 1.5 m from the floor of a radio anechoic chamber.
The measured results of the first and second examples and the comparative example are illustrated in
To begin with, if the measured results of the first and second examples are compared to each other, both the power transmission efficiency and the leakage magnetic field strength are approximately the same. Next, if the measured results of the first and second examples are compared to the measured result of the comparative example, the power transmission efficiency in the first and second examples is approximately the same as the power transmission efficiency in the comparative example. In contrast to this, the leakage magnetic field strength in the first and second examples is significantly lower than the leakage magnetic field strength in the comparative example. That is, in the first and second examples, it can be seen that the leakage magnetic field strength is reduced without decreasing the power transmission efficiency. As described above, it is confirmed that the power receiving coil units Lru1 and Lru2 in the first and second examples can reduce an unnecessary leakage magnetic field which is formed in a separated place, without a decrease of the power transmission efficiency.
As described above, the preset invention is described based on the embodiments. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are exemplifications, various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the present invention, and such modifications and changes are included in the scope of the present invention. Thus, the description and drawings in the specification are not limitative, and must be illustratively treated.
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