Patent Grant
6962370
The present invention relates to the field of trailer technology, and more specifically, to light duty utility trailers of modular construction.
Conventional trailers typically include a substantially flat bed and a wheel assembly that is attached to the bed. Trailers are typically assembled by the manufacturer and shipped to dealers where the trailers are held in inventory by the dealers until sale to the end-use customer.
Because the wheel assembly extends from the bed, it is not possible to densely stack the trailers during the distribution process. The inability to densely stack the trailers during distribution thereby increases the cost of the trailers. This factor becomes especially important when the trailers must be transported long distances during the distribution process. Reductions in shipping size of the trailer and the elimination of assembly will result in dealer cost reductions and savings to the customer.
It is also common to stow or store a trailer when not in use, rather than leave it attached to a vehicle. Unfortunately, conventional trailers are bulky and difficult to store, typically taking up an equivalent amount of space as the towing vehicle. This factor especially raises problems for residential end users desiring a light duty trailer for home remodeling or landscaping use. Such a user has limited storage space, usually only a garage. The lack of available storage usually forces the consumer to rent a trailer as needed, which, over time, is less efficient and more expensive.
There have been various trailer designs that attempt to meet the preceding needs. For example, Chepa, U.S. Pat. No. 6,511,092, describes a trailer having a modular configuration. Bed sections may be attached to or detached from the trailer depending on the intended use.
Dodson, U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,134 and Davis, U.S. Pat. No. 4,746,142, each disclose a trailer with a bed formed from two sections that are pivotally attached to each other. Pivoting the bed sections toward each other creates a recess that is adapted to retain the other portions of the trailer such as the wheels and the handle.
Harper, U.S. Pat. No. 4,786,073, and Burris, U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,258, both describe a trailer having a front bed section, a middle bed section and a rear bed section. The front and rear bed sections are pivotally attached to the middle bed section to reduce the size of the trailer for storage.
Tétreault, U.S. Pat. No. 4,768,806, discloses a trailer with a two-part bed. The two sections of the bed pivot upwardly along the center of the trailer, which permits the wheels to move towards each other to reduce the size of the trailer for storage.
Therefore, there is a need of the average consumer for a light duty trailer with lower production costs. Such a trailer would be shipped in manageable pieces and assembled by the end user after purchase, resulting in savings associated with assembly, shipping, and storage. Furthermore, there is a need for a trailer of modular design so that elements can be removed when not in use, or, be completely dismantled by the user if required. Finally, the trailer should be of a general design easily adaptable to various load requirements of the consumer.
The collapsible utility trailer of the present invention substantially meets the aforementioned needs. The present invention comprises a modular design shipped from manufacturer to dealer in boxes sized for convenient handling. Moreover, shipping costs are reduced by sizing the boxes to maximize the number of unassembled trailers that fit within the weight and volume constraints of a standardized shipping container. These reductions result in lower overall costs to the end user.
The present invention is a four-wheeled steerable trailer having a modular rectangular frame on which an elevated flatbed is disposed. The bed is defined by three separate modular steel mesh sections secured by threadable connectors. The bed is defined on all four sides by steel mesh side walls that are selectively removable or pivot to lie along the sides of the trailer. The four corners of the frame are further defined by a protruding axle to which each wheel is secured by a cotter pin. A tongue member coupled to the trailer tie rod assembly allows for pivoting of the front wheels. The tongue member is capable of coupling with a tractor or like vehicle. The trailer bed is elevated above the frame by metal posts to provide space for free tire rotation, space for the side walls to hang when lowered, and to minimize vehicle width.
The modular design is formed by integrally formed frame and body sections connected by threaded fasteners and pins. The trailer is therefore easily assembled and maintained by the user without the need for special tools or sophisticated equipment. When not in use, many storage configurations are possible. In one scenario, for example, the wheels, tongue and side walls are removed and stacked while the trailer frame and bed can set upright against a wall. Fully assembled, the trailer is used in a conventional manner wherein objects are placed on the bed with the user having the further option of lowering or removing side walls depending on the load.
In one embodiment, the trailer frame can comprise a front axle, a rear axle, and at least one longitudinal frame element that extends between the front axle and the rear axle, wherein the front axle, the rear axle and the at least one longitudinal frame element each have a length and a width that are less than the length and the width of the bed sections, respectively, and wherein the trailer bed is attached to the trailer frame. The trailer can further comprise a handle that is operably attached to the front axle. In some embodiments, the trailer can comprise a pair of side wall panels operably attached to the trailer bed, a front wall panel operably attached to the trailer bed and a rear wall panel operably attached to the trailer bed. In theses embodiments, the pair of side wall panels, the front wall panel, and the rear wall panel can be fabricated from at least one wall section, wherein the at least one wall section has a length and a width that are less than the length and the width of the bed section.
In some embodiments, the length of the trailer bed can be increased by attaching an additional bed section, wherein the additional bed section has a length and a width that are approximately the same as the length and the width of the bed sections.
In some embodiments, the bed sections, the rear axle assembly, the front axle assembly and a plurality of support brackets can be packaged in a container having a length and width that substantially corresponds with the length and width of the bed sections.
The collapsible utility trailer of the present invention is shown generally at 10 in the figures. Referring to
To reduce manufacturing and distribution costs, the trailer 10 is comprised of modular elements that are assembled by the consumer. The modular design provides lower shipping costs in that the entire trailer is compactly shipped in a single compact carton rather than as a bulky completed unit. The compact packaging also alleviates storage issues for the dealer.
The design of the trailer 10 according to the present invention provides the trailer with a very strong configuration for the relatively lightweight of materials used to fabricate the trailer 10. When the trailer 10 has a length of about six feet and a width of about 6 feet, the trailer 10 has a capacity of about 2,000 pounds.
The modular design of trailer 10 provides numerous operational and storage options for the consumer. The entire structure is easily assembled or disassembled with hand tools or removal of pins. The user can quickly raise or lower selected side walls 20 depending on the width or length of the load. The length of the trailer 10 itself can be extended by adding center bed sections. After use, the trailer 10 can be dismantled or selected sections removed by the user to fit available storage space.
Bed 12, as depicted in
The bed sections 12a, 12b, 12c each preferably have a substantially equal length and width. Each bed section 12a, 12b, 12c is defined on four sides by an angle iron 22 to which steel mesh 24 is attached along the side extending parallel to the ground. Each bed section 12a, 12b, 12c is further preferably supported by center support 26 extending laterally across each bed section 12a, 12b, 12c. The center support 26 preferably has an L-shaped configuration.
To facilitate attaching the bed sections 12a, 12b, 12c to each other and to the frame 14, a downwardly extending lip 28 is preferably provided along intersecting lateral edges of the bed sections 12a, 12b, 12c, as most clearly illustrated in
The center bed section 12b is preferably secured to front bed section 12a and rear bed section 12c on the outboard ends by flat brackets 29, as depicted in
The frame 14 is comprised of parallel longitudinally extending frame elements 30a, 30b positioned in spaced relationship and fixedly attached respectively to front axle frame 32 and rear axle frame 34, as illustrated in
Each longitudinal frame element 30a, 30b preferably has a modular construction with first segments 40a, 40b; second segments 42a, 42b; and third segments 44a, 44b. The front segments 40a, 40b are fixedly attached to and extend substantially perpendicular from the front axle frame 32.
Likewise, the second segments 42a, 42b are fixedly attached to and extend substantially perpendicular from the rear axle frame 34. The third segments 44a, 44b are attached to and extend between ends of the first segments 40a, 40b and the second segments 42a, 42b that are opposite the front axle frame 32 and the rear axle frame 34, respectively.
The inner dimensions of the metal tubes comprising the third segments 44a, 44b are preferably slightly larger than outer dimensions of the mating ends of the first segments 40a, 40b and the second segments 42a, 42b to allow insertion of the complimentary ends into the third segments 44a, 44b. The third segments 44a, 44b are preferably removably attached to the first segments 40a, 40b and the second segments 42a, 42b with bolts.
The bed 12 is elevated above the frame 14 by a series of support brackets. Four vertical bed support brackets 50 extend vertically from the frame 14, two to a side, evenly spaced on each longitudinal side element 30a, 30b. The bed support brackets 50 are spaced upon frame 14 to support the lateral edges of the center bed section 12b.
As depicted in
The four corners of the bed 12 are further elevated and supported by angled support brackets 52 extending from the outboard ends of the front axle frame 32 and the rear axle frame 34 and angled inboard to intercept the center support 26 (see
The trailer 10 is preferably attached to a motor vehicle or horse by the running gear 18, as illustrated in
The yoke 62 is further defined by the rod plate 64 disposed at the aft end of the yoke 62 and comprising two apertures for attaching the left and right tie rod 66a, 66b. The tongue 60 is configured for connection with a vehicle such as a tractor. The tongue 60 includes at the forward end two parallel plates defining a matching slot spaced to mate with the applicable tractor receiver (not shown), and secured by a pin. It is envisioned that the tongue 60 could be substituted with a conventional ball or other hitch style.
A first end of the tie rods 66a, 66b is attached by pins to tie rod plate 64. A second end of tie rods 66a, 66b is attached by pins to respective left and right front axle arm 82.
The front axles 80 are disposed at the outboard ends of the front axle frame 32. Each front axle 80 is “L” shaped with one leg pivotally attached to the front axle frame 32 and opposite leg sized to receive the wheel 16. (See
The front axle arm 82 is attached to the base of the front axle 80 at a first end with a second end extending towards the rear of the trailer 10 when the wheels 16 are aligned for straight travel. The front axle arm 82 contains a slot attachment for the tie rod 66a, 66b that is secured by a pin.
Since the bed 12 is elevated above the frame 14, the wheels 16 are oriented substantially beneath the bed 12. Using this configuration minimizes interference of the wheels 16 with the operation of the trailer 10 while also enhancing the load that may be carried by the trailer 10 as the wheels 16 are relatively close to the center of the trailer 10
In operation, pivoting tongue 60 produces a corresponding rotation in yoke 62, the motion transferred to the front axles 80 through the tie rods 66a, 66b. The front wheels 16 track with rotation of tongue 60. The rear axle frame 34, which includes two independent non-pivoting rear axles 84, does not pivot.
The trailer 10 preferably includes side walls 20 which, at the discretion of the user, can be lowered or removed. There are two left side wall panels 90, two right side wall panels 92, a front wall panel 94, and a rear wall panel 96. Like bed sections 12a, 12b, 12c, the side wall panels 20 are of a metal frame construction supporting a wire mesh, although, the side panels could be covered by an alternate material. Panel walls 92, 94, and 96 are connected at their base to bed 12 by way of a pivotable pin secured bracket mount 100 which allows the panel to rotate to a position perpendicular to the frame 14 from an upward position to a downward position (see
In addition, the left side wall panels 90 and right side wall panels 92 receive support from a panel bracket 102 that extends from the bed 12 at the junction of the side panels (see
While the trailer 10 has been described with respect to an off-road configuration, a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that it is possible to also use the concepts of the present invention to manufacture a trailer 10 that complies with the applicable provisions for on-road use such as are set forth by the United States Department of Transportation.
Forming the trailer 10 with the preceding configuration enables the components of the trailer to be relatively densely packaged in a container such as a box from transportation to the desired assembly location. Packing the trailer in the container also enhances the ability of the container to be manually carried as the length and the width of the container are preferably about two feet by about three feet.
It is contemplated that features disclosed in this application can be mixed and matched to suit particular circumstances. It is specifically envisioned that an alternate embodiment would be provided with reflectors and lights appropriate for highway use. Various other modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill.
The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/370,453 filed Apr. 5, 2002, which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4239258 | Burris | Dec 1980 | A |
| 4468046 | Rutherford | Aug 1984 | A |
| 4697976 | Godbersen | Oct 1987 | A |
| 4746142 | Davis | May 1988 | A |
| 4758008 | Moddejonge | Jul 1988 | A |
| 4768806 | Tetreault | Sep 1988 | A |
| 4786073 | Harper | Nov 1988 | A |
| 4995129 | Comardo | Feb 1991 | A |
| 5340134 | Dodson | Aug 1994 | A |
| 5387001 | Hull | Feb 1995 | A |
| 5544944 | Keech | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5957482 | Shorter | Sep 1999 | A |
| 6176504 | Van Mill | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6213053 | Lammers | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6511092 | Chepa | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20030218316 A1 | Nov 2003 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60370453 | Apr 2002 | US |
