Patent Application
20120145495
This invention relates to a colloidal damper which accommodates in a closed space a mixture of a liquid and a porous body such as silica gel, and allows the liquid to flow-into the pores and to flow-out from the pores of the porous body in order to dissipate the externally exerted mechanical energy.
A colloidal damper is a device which accommodates in a closed space a mixture of a liquid and a porous body such as silica gel, and allows the liquid to flow-into the pores and to flow-out from the pores of the porous body in order to dissipate the externally exerted mechanical energy (see for instance, the Patent References 1 and 2).
In order to use such a colloidal damper in practical applications, it is necessary to achieve a colloidal damper able to continuously and repeatedly perform under a sufficient number of cycles, according to a specific application. Ways to achieve the enhancement of the performances of such a colloidal damper are suggested for instance in the Patent References 3 to 5.
Patent Reference 1: International Publication 96/18040 pamphlet
Patent Reference 2: International Publication 01/55616 pamphlet
Patent Reference 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-44732
Patent Reference 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2005-121092
Patent Reference 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-118571
The colloidal damper is presently in the development stage, but it is expected to further improve its durability. As a result of the research performed, the inventor has found that, during the durability tests up to about 100,000 working cycles, in the case of a conventional colloidal damper occurs the problem of severe leakage from the closed space of the liquid and even of the porous body.
In view of the above-mentioned problem, the objective of the present invention is to further enhance the durability of the colloidal damper.
The colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention includes a cylinder, a piston guided and supported by the cylinder during its reciprocating movement, and defining a closed space in association with the cylinder, a porous body having a multiplicity of pores and being housed in the closed space, and a liquid contained in the closed space together with the porous body, the liquid flowing into the pores of the porous body when pressurized, and flowing out from the pores of the porous body when the pressure is relieved, the colloidal damper further including a partition wall which has a multiplicity of pores and each pore has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the porous body, and isolates the porous body from a frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder.
In the case of a colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention, since the porous body cannot pass through the pores of the partition wall, and only the liquid can pass through the pores of the partition wall, it is possible to prevent the porous body from entering a gap formed between the cylinder and the piston. Since the liquid can pass through the pores of the partition wall, the liquid flows into the pores of the porous body when pressurized, and flows out from the pores of the porous body when the pressure is relieved, ensuring improved performances of the colloidal damper.
The colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention may be designed to further include an additional tank allowing an extension of the closed space already defined in association with the cylinder, wherein the partition wall is disposed between the cylinder and the additional tank. In this embodiment it becomes possible to contain the porous body inside the additional tank, and to allow only the liquid to flow between the cylinder and the additional tank through the pores of the partition wall, ensuring improved performances of the colloidal damper.
The partition wall may be designed to divide an inner space of the cylinder into two zones. In this embodiment it becomes possible to isolate the porous body inside of a specific zone of the cylinder without using an additional tank, and preventing the porous body to enter a gap formed between the cylinder and the piston.
As an alternative, the partition wall may be designed to surround and isolate the porous body therein the closed space. In this embodiment it becomes possible to contain the porous body inside of the space surrounded by the partition wall, and to allow only the liquid to flow-into the space surrounded by the partition wall at pressurization and to flow-out from the space surrounded by the partition wall when the pressure is relieved, by passing through the pores of the partition wall, ensuring improved performances of the colloidal damper.
It is preferable that the colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention further includes a packing used for reciprocal movement which allows the sealing of the closed space on the frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, a fixing element to support the packing, an O-ring for sealing the gap between the fixing element and the outer surface of the cylinder, and a metal ring disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring. In this embodiment, the metal ring disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring makes contact with the O-ring placed between the fixing element and the outer surface of the cylinder, preventing the excessive deformation of the O-ring and maintaining good sealing conditions at the interstice between the fixing element and the cylinder. Thus, even if the porous body and the liquid are still able to leak out internally at the packing used for reciprocal movement on the frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, it would be possible to prevent the external leakage of the porous body and the liquid at the interstice between the fixing element and the cylinder.
It is preferable that the porous body has an outer diameter larger than the size of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston. In this embodiment it becomes possible to prevent the porous body from entering inside of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston.
The colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention includes a cylinder, a piston guided and supported by the cylinder during its reciprocating movement, and defining a closed space in association with the cylinder, a porous body having a multiplicity of pores and being housed in the closed space, and a liquid contained in the closed space together with the porous body, the liquid flowing into the pores of the porous body when pressurized, and flowing out from the pores of the porous body when the pressure is relieved, the porous body having an outer diameter larger than the size of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston. The present invention provides a colloidal damper capable of preventing the porous body from entering inside of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston.
(1) Since the colloidal damper is designed to include a partition wall which has a multiplicity of pores and each pore has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the porous body, it is possible to achieve the isolation of the porous body from a frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, and thus it becomes possible to prevent the porous body from entering a frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, ensuring enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
(2) Since the colloidal damper may be designed to include an additional tank allowing an extension of the closed space already defined in association with the cylinder, in which case, the partition wall is disposed between the cylinder and the additional tank, it is possible to contain the porous body inside of the additional tank, and to allow only the liquid to flow between the cylinder and the additional tank through the pores of the partition wall, ensuring improved performances of the colloidal damper. Furthermore, it is also possible to prevent the porous body from entering a frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, ensuring enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
(3) The partition wall may be designed to divide an inner space of the cylinder into two zones. In this way it becomes possible to isolate the porous body inside of a specific zone of the cylinder without using an additional tank, and to prevent the porous body from entering a gap formed between the cylinder and the piston. Thus, it is provided a small-sized and low-cost colloidal damper with improved durability without using an additional tank.
(4) The partition wall may be designed to surround and isolate the porous body therein the closed space. In this embodiment it becomes possible to contain the porous body inside of the space surrounded by the partition wall, and to allow only the liquid to flow-into the space surrounded by the partition wall at pressurization and to flow-out from the space surrounded by the partition wall when the pressure is relieved, by passing through the pores of the partition wall, and thus ensuring improved performances of the colloidal damper. As a result, it is also possible to prevent the porous body from entering a frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, ensuring enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
(5) The colloidal damper may be designed to further include a packing used for reciprocal movement which allows the sealing of the closed space on the frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, a fixing element to support the packing, an O-ring for sealing the gap between the fixing element and the outer surface of the cylinder, and a metal ring disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring. In this embodiment, the metal ring disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring makes contact with the O-ring placed between the fixing element and the outer surface of the cylinder, preventing the excessive deformation of the O-ring and maintaining good sealing conditions at the interstice between the fixing element and the cylinder. Thus, even if the porous body and the liquid are still able to leak out internally at the packing used for reciprocal movement on the frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston and the cylinder, it would be possible to prevent the external leakage of the porous body and the liquid at the interstice between the fixing element and the cylinder, ensuring further enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
(6) The porous body may be designed to have an outer diameter larger than the size of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston, in which case, it is possible to prevent the porous body from entering inside of the gap formed between the cylinder and the piston, ensuring enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
In
In the closed space 3 are housed a liquid 7 and porous bodies 8 each porous body having a multiplicity of pores 8a.
The porous body 8 is covered at the outer surface 8c, inner surfaces 8d of the pores 8a and the inner surface 8e of the cavity 8b with a material which is lyophobic relative to the liquid 7, and the lyophobic material consists of linear molecular chains, for instance organic chains such as —Si-(BASE)2-(BODY)m-(HEAD) wherein “m” is in the range of 0 to 23, where possible combinations of “BODY” and “HEAD” ([(BODY), (HEAD)] includes [CH2, CH3], [CF2, CF3], [OSi(CH3)2, OSi(CH3)3] and [OSi(CF3)2, OSi(CF3)3]. A base (BASE) has a molecular chain with a length shorter than that corresponding to the chain -(BODY)m-(HEAD), and it is comprised of either an alkyl group, having a number of carbon atoms in the range of 1 to 3, or a phenyl group.
The liquid 7 is required to have high surface tension, and accordingly, water is a typical example. Apart from water, solutions of water may be used as the working liquid 7. For instance, water may be mixed with at least one or more antifreeze agents such as ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerin, reaching a concentration up to 67 volume %, in which case, it would be possible to use the colloidal damper even at 0 degree centigrade or lower temperatures. As an alternative, water may be mixed with a liquid which has a higher vaporization point than water, such as dimethyl-formamide and formamide, in which case, it would be possible to use the colloidal damper even at 100 degree centigrade or higher temperatures. As another alternative, a mixture of water and antifoaming agent may be used. For instance, water may be mixed with at least one or more antifoaming agents such as silicon-based antifoaming agents, non-silicon antifoaming agents and oily antifoaming agents, reaching a concentration up to 50 ppm, in which case, it would be possible to use the colloidal damper even if air flows into the closed space 3 through the seal. The average inner diameter “d1” of the pores 8a is selected to satisfy the condition that the Knudsen number Kn, defined as Lp/(d1×½), is larger or equal to 0.034, but smaller or equal to 0.119 (preferably 0.097), wherein Lp indicates the mean free path of the liquid molecules. An average outer diameter “d2” of the porous body 8 is selected to satisfy the condition that “d2” is in the range of 10דd1” to 10,000דd1”, including both the lower and upper limits.
The porous body 8 is contained only in the zone of the closed space 3 located in the upper side of the filter 6 in
Concerning the quantities of the porous body 8 and the liquid 7 which are contained in the closed space 3, it is necessary to make sure that the ratio VP/VL is in the range of 0.2 to 2.5 both inclusive, wherein VP indicates the total volume of the pores 8a of the porous body 8, and VL indicates the total volume of the liquid 7. In the first exemplary embodiment, the rate VP/VL is selected to a typical value, equal to one (1).
The colloidal damper 1 in the first exemplary embodiment is designed to further include a packing 10 used for reciprocal movement which allows the sealing of the closed space 3 on the frictional area that occurs at the relative movement between the piston 4 and the cylinder 2, a backup ring 11 to suppress the excessive deformation of the packing 10, a fixing element 12 to support the packing 10, an O-ring 13 for sealing the gap between the fixing element 12 and the outer surface of the cylinder 12, a metal ring 14 disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring 13, and a dust seal 15 to prevent dust from entering inside of the gap between the piston 4 and the fixing element 12.
In the case of a colloidal damper 1 that employs the above-mentioned structure, when a force F is applied to the piston 4, the force F is transferred to the liquid 7 through the action of the piston 4, and hence, the liquid 7 is pressurized. Thus, the pressurized liquid 7, from the closed space 3 within the additional tank 5, flows-into the pores 8a of the porous body 8, working against the surface tension, which tends to push-out the liquid 7 from the pores 8a of the porous body 8. As a result, the movement of the piston 4 produces a reduction of the volume of the closed space 3. In addition, since the energy of shock and vibration associated to the external force F is relieved by the liquid 7 flowing into the pores 8a, the force F acting on the piston 4 is attenuated.
If the force F applied on the piston 4 is relieved, the liquid 7, previously forced to flow into the pores 8a against the surface tension, flows out from the pores 8a of the porous body 8 due to the repelling action of the surface tension working on the lyophobic inner surfaces 8d of the pores 8a. As a result, the movement of the piston 4 produces an augmentation of the volume of the closed space 3 and, consequently, the piston 4 returns back to its initial position. While the piston 4 is moving, the porous body 8 does not pass through the pores of the filter 6, but is contained inside the closed space 3 from the additional tank 5. Thus, only the liquid 7 passes through the pores of the filter 6. Accordingly, since the porous body 8 does not escape into the closed space 3 from the cylinder 2 of the colloidal damper 1, it is possible to prevent the porous body 8 from entering into the frictional area 9 that occurs at the relative movement between the piston 4 and the cylinder 2.
Furthermore, since the metal ring 14 disposed on the external circumference of the O-ring 13 makes contact with the O-ring 13 placed between the fixing element 12 and the outer surface of the cylinder 2, as illustrated in
The colloidal damper 20 in accordance with the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, illustrated in
The porous body 8 is contained only in the closed space 22 disposed in the upper side of the filter 23 in
In
As illustrated in
Since in the case of the colloidal damper 30, the tube 32 contains the porous bodies 8 therein, the tube 32 acts as a partition wall able to isolate the porous bodies 8 from the frictional area 9 that occurs at the relative movement between the piston 4 and the cylinder 21. Since the porous bodies 8 are contained inside of the tube 32, and only the liquid 7 is allowed to flow-into the tube 32 and flow-out from the tube 32 passing through the pores 34 of the tube 32 in the third exemplary embodiment, it is possible to prevent the porous bodies 8 from entering inside the frictional area 9.
The tube 32 may be composed of a material other than glass. Specifically, the tube 32 may be composed of a porous material having a multiplicity of pores 34, each pore having an outer diameter smaller than the average outer diameter of the porous bodies 8.
The colloidal damper in accordance with the fourth exemplary embodiment employs porous bodies 8 having an outer diameter larger than the size of the gap at the frictional area 9 that occurs at the relative movement between the piston 4 and the cylinder 21, instead of using the porous body unit 31 defined in the third exemplary embodiment. Since the porous body 8 has an outer diameter larger than the gap between the cylinder 21 and the piston 4, the porous body 8 cannot enter inside the frictional area 9, ensuring enhancement in durability of the colloidal damper.
Whereas the filter 6 is fixed to the cylinder 2 of the colloidal damper 1 in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment, illustrated in
As illustrated in
The cartridge 60 includes a case 61 which is hollowed in the length-wise or axial direction of the cartridge 60, a lid 62 detachably connected to one of the openings (upper opening in
The case 61 includes a first cylindrical portion 61A that can be inserted into the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2, and a second cylindrical portion 61B having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical portion 61A.
For instance, the first cylindrical portion 61A of the case 61 can be provided at its outer lateral surface with an external (male) thread, and the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2 can be provided at its inner lateral surface with an internal (female) thread, in which circumstances, the case 61 can be screwed into the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2.
Similarly, the lid 62 can be provided at its outer lateral surface with an external (male) thread, and the second cylindrical portion 61B of the case 61 can be provided at its inner lateral surface with an internal (female) thread, in which circumstances, the lid 62 can screwed into the case 61.
As stated later, the inner hollowed space of the case 61 is filled with the liquid 7 and the porous bodies 8.
For instance, the cartridge 60 can be connected to the cylinder 2 as follows.
First, the lid 62 is demounted from the case 61, but the filter 6 is maintained as connected to the case 61. Then, the case 61 is inserted into the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2.
Next, the liquid 7 is poured into the closed space 3 formed into the cylinder 2 and also into the hollowed space formed into the case 61 through the openings of the case 61.
Then, the porous bodies 8 are introduced into the liquid 7 through the opening (upper opening in
Thereafter, the lid 62 is connected to the opening (upper opening in
As an alternative, the cartridge 60 may be connected to the cylinder 2 as follows.
Before the cartridge 60 is inserted into the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2, the liquid 7 is poured into the closed space 3 through the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2.
Next, the lid 62 is demounted from the case 61, but the filter 6 is maintained as connected to the case 61. Then, the case 61 is inserted into the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2.
Next, the porous bodies 8 are introduced into the hollowed space formed into the case 61, through the opening (upper opening in
Then, the liquid 7 is poured into the hollowed space formed in the case 61, through the opening (upper opening in
Note that in this case, it becomes possible to introduce only the porous bodies 8 into the hollowed space formed into the case 61, without pouring the liquid 7 into the hollowed space. In other words, when the cartridge 60 is connected to the cylinder 2, the case 61 does not contain the liquid 7 inside its hollowed space.
During operation of the colloidal damper 50, when the liquid 7 is pressurized by the piston 4, the liquid 7 flows from the closed space 3 of the cylinder 2 into the hollowed space of the case 61 by passing through the filter 6.
Since during pressurization the liquid 7 is absorbed inside the porous bodies 8, when the liquid 7 is depressurized by the piston 4, the liquid 7 flows out from the porous bodies 8 into the hollowed space of the case 61, and then, the liquid 7 flows from the hollowed space formed into the case 61 into the closed space 3 of the cylinder 2 by passing through the filter 6.
Thereafter, the lid 62 is connected to the opening (upper opening in
In the case of colloidal damper 50, when the cartridge 60 is connected to the cylinder 2, the first cylindrical portion 61A is entirely inserted into the cylinder 2, and the second cylindrical portion 61B extends out of the cylinder 2.
The colloidal damper 50, with the cartridge 60 connected to the cylinder 2, has the same structure as that of the colloidal damper 1 in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment, illustrated in
The cartridge 60 may be taken out of the cylinder 2, as for instance, in the following manner.
First, the lid 62 is demounted from the case 61.
Then, the liquid 7 and the porous bodies 8 are discharged through the opening (upper opening in
Then, the case 61 is removed from the through-hole 2A of the cylinder 2.
Since the cartridge 60 can be replaced, the colloidal damper 50 in accordance with the fifth exemplary embodiment provides an advantage in the case when, for instance, the filter 6 is clogged, or when the performances of the porous bodies 8 are unacceptably deteriorated, meaning that the cartridge 60 may be exchanged to (replaced by) a new one.
Furthermore, when the colloidal damper 50 is not in use, the cartridge 60 may be removed from the cylinder 2, this ensuring a smaller space of storage or housing for the colloidal damper 50.
Besides, by using the cartridge 60 it is possible to extend the volume of the closed space 3 of the cylinder 2 by the additional volume of the hollowed space formed into the case 61.
In the case of the colloidal damper 50 in accordance with the fifth exemplary embodiment, illustrated in
The cartridge 60 can be also connected to the cylinder 2 in such a manner that the cartridge 60 makes a certain angle with the length-wise or axial direction of the cylinder 2.
In the case of the colloidal damper 51 in accordance with the first modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment, the cartridge 60 is connected to the cylinder 2 in such a manner that the cartridge 60 extends perpendicularly to the length-wise or axial direction of the cylinder 2.
As illustrated in
Although in this first modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment the cartridge 60 is connected to the cylinder in such a manner that the cartridge 60 extends perpendicularly to the length-wise or axial direction of the cylinder 2, the angle formed by the axis of the cartridge 60 and the axis of the cylinder 2 is not limited to 90 degrees. Any angle may be selected in the range of 0 to 90 degrees.
By obliquely connecting the cartridge 60 to the cylinder 2, it is possible to increase the number of options relative to the design of the colloidal damper.
In the second modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment, in comparison with the case 61 illustrated in
Thus, in comparison with the colloidal damper 50 illustrated in
The colloidal damper 52 including the cartridge 60 connected to the cylinder 2 has the same structure as the colloidal damper 20 in accordance with the second exemplary embodiment, illustrated in
Similarly to the first modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment, the cartridge 60 of the colloidal damper 52 may be connected to the cylinder 2 in such a manner that the cartridge 60 extends at a certain angle relative to the length-wise or axial direction of the cylinder 2.
The colloidal damper 53 in accordance with the third modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment, in comparison with the colloidal damper 52 in accordance with the second modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment as illustrated in
Furthermore, the colloidal damper 53 is designed to replace the filter 6 with the filter 63. The filter 63 is designed with a plurality of pores having such a size that the porous body units 31 are prevented from passing through.
The colloidal damper 53 in accordance with the third modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment provides the same advantages as those provided by the colloidal damper 50 in accordance with the fifth exemplary embodiment.
Similarly to the first modification of the fifth exemplary embodiment, the cartridge 60 in the colloidal damper 53 may be connected to the cylinder 2 in such a manner that the cartridge 60 extends at a certain angle relative to the length-wise or axial direction of the cylinder 2.
The durability tests were carried out for the colloidal damper 1 in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in
As shown in
The piston 4 of the colloidal damper 1 has a diameter D of 20 mm, and the maximum pressure which can be achieved in the closed space 3 is 120 MPa. The low-pressure cylinder 18 acts as an oil-hydraulic amplifier of the pump pressure provided either by the manual pump 19c or the electrical pump 19d. Since the low-pressure cylinder 18 has a diameter Dha of 80 mm, the amplification of the pump pressure can be calculated as (Dha/D)2=16. In accordance with the described test rig, it is possible to carry out static tests at low speeds (10 mm/s or smaller) of the piston 4 by using the manual pump 19c, and it is possible to carry out also dynamic tests at frequencies up to 10 Hz, namely, at speeds up to 400 mm/s of the piston 4 by employing the electrical pump 19d. Thus, a certain range of frequency is selected in agreement with a specific application, such as a damper used for vehicle suspensions or as a damper used for anti-seismic systems in earthquake-proof structures.
In Examples, in order to prevent the occurrence of a dead stroke of the piston 4, the dynamic tests are carried out under a given maximum pressure after the closed space 3 was initially pressurized. Furthermore, in order to reproduce the environmental temperature fluctuation from summer to winter conditions, the test rig is introduced inside of an incubator to allow the temperature variation in the range of −10 to 50 degrees centigrade. The test rig provides the variation of the pressure “p” measured by the high-pressure gauge 16, the variation of the stroke “S” of the piston 4 measured by the displacement sensor 42, and the variation of the temperature “T” measured by the thermocouple 17 and displayed by the digital thermometer 41, as time dependent functions. Eliminating the parameter time from the time dependent functions of the pressure “p” and the stroke “S”, it is obtained the hysteresis loop of the colloidal damper 1, that is a function defined as p=p(S).
Since the porous bodies 8 used in Examples had the average outer diameter “d2” of 20 micrometers, the test was carried out for three types of filters having pores of 10 micrometers (Example 1), 5 micrometers (Example 2) and 2 micrometers (Example 3), respectively. Thus, all the pores of the filter 6 were smaller than the average outer diameter “d2” of the porous bodies 8. In order to achieve a Reference example, tests were also carried out in the case when the liquid 7 and the porous bodies 8 were directly introduced inside the closed space 3 from the cylinder 2, namely, without the filter 6.
With respect to the lifetime of the colloidal damper 1, in order to estimate the advantages obtained through filtration by using the filter 6, Table 1 shows the ratio between the dissipated energy (E100,000) found when the number of working cycles was 100,000 and the dissipated energy (E10) found when the number of working cycles was 10. With respect to Example 2, Table 1 also shows the ratio between the dissipated energy (E400,000) found when the number of working cycles was 400,000 and the dissipated energy (E10) found when the number of working cycles was 10. With respect to Example 3, Table 1 further shows the ratio between the dissipated energy (E7,000,600) found when the number of working cycles was 7,000,600 and the dissipated energy (E10) found when the number of working cycles was 10.
A comparison between the Example 1 shown in
A comparison between the Example 1 shown in
There is no significant difference between the results corresponding to
Example 1 and Reference example, respectively. One of the possible reasons is that the pores of the filter 6 were deformed under the applied high-pressure and became larger. Thus, even if the porous bodies 8 had diameters larger than 10 micrometers, some of the porous bodies 8 were able to pass through the filter 6. Another possible reason is that, although the porous bodies 8 had an average outer diameter of 20 micrometers, measurement of the distribution of the outer diameters revealed that about 5% of the porous bodies 8 had diameters smaller than 10 micrometers, and consequently, such small porous bodies 8 were able to pass through the pores of the filter 6.
As it can be observed from
Next, the relation between the dissipated energy of the colloidal damper 1 and the number of working cycles is discussed. For instance, as shown in
(1) Considering the porous bodies 8 as expendable, if the number of working cycles exceeds 1,000,000, the damaged porous bodies 8 can be replaced by new porous bodies 8, for instance, when an automobile is inspected for official authorization.
(2) The filter 6 can be selected to have pores with a smaller diameter. For instance, if the filter 6 is selected to have pores with a diameter of 1 micrometer, it is conceivable that the life of the colloidal damper can be further lengthened. However, if by selecting a filter 6 with pores of smaller diameter the cost of the filter 6 becomes higher than the cost of the porous bodies 8, the above-mentioned option (1) would be a better solution.
(3) Porous bodies 8 with increased strength can be designed in order to avoid the premature fatigue fracture of the porous bodies 8.
The colloidal damper in accordance with the present invention is useful as a suspension damper to equip a vehicle such as a bicycle, an automobile, a motorbike, a truck, a bulldozer, an airplane, etc., or as a damper for anti-seismic systems such as seismic isolation systems, earthquake-control systems, etc.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006-242056 | Sep 2006 | JP | national |
This application is a Continuation In Part of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/310,656, filed Mar. 3, 2009, which is a national stage application of International Application No. PCT/JP2007/000903, filed Aug. 24, 2007.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 12310656 | Mar 2009 | US |
| Child | 13396008 | US |
