The present invention relates to laundry facilities. Specifically, a single device for both washing and drying clothes is disclosed using a common heat source for both washing and drying.
Commercial and home laundry facilities have typically required the use of separate appliances for washing and drying clothes, thereby dictating space requirements for the laundry facility. The machines are autonomous in that washing operations occur separate from drying operations, with independent washing and drying cycles and distinct operating controls of there own. A human operator must remove the clothes from the washer and load them in the dryer.
Commercial laundry facilities use larger capacity washing machines to wash clothes, linen and bedding. These facilities, including hospitals, nursing homes, hotels, etc., have a high volume of bedding, towels, and other common materials to wash and dry. Following the washing operation, an attendant must be available to transfer the washed materials to a separate large capacity dryer, and any delays in transferring the material results in a lower facility throughput.
The demands on commercial facilities for clean materials means that laundry facility throughput needs to be efficient and operating at a maximum level. The fact that washers and dryers are autonomous means that an attendant must promptly remove washed materials and load them in the dryer for maximum throughput efficiency, requiring the attention of at least one attendant who might otherwise be available for other tasks.
The high volume demands of these institutions typically means that a separate supply of hot water must be maintained on demand to meet the sanitary requirements for washing clothes which also impacts on space requirements.
The autonomous washing machine produces a load of centrifugally wrung materials which are transferred to a dryer at different times and at varying levels of moisture, depending on operator availability. In establishing an appropriate drying cycle, the beginning moisture level content of the wash load dictates, at least in part, the drying temperature and time for drying. In order to be certain that the drying temperature is at a safe level, so as not to scorch the dried materials, a lower, less than ideal temperature is set for the drying cycle. Accordingly, the drying cycle is longer and laundry throughput is lower than might otherwise be necessary due to each washed load having a different moisture content.
The present invention solves many of the foregoing problems which result from the use of separate autonomous washer and dryer appliances in a laundry facility.
The present invention provides for a single appliance and method for washing and drying clothes, particularly useful in a commercial laundry setting. In accordance with the invention, a combination washer/dryer is provided which has a common heat source for heating wash water and providing drying air during a drying cycle for the machine.
A sealed containment drum includes a rotating perforated clothes basket for rotating the load to be washed and dried. A water supply plenum extends around the rotating clothes basket and is in heat transfer relationship with a burner unit. The water plenum includes an outlet for discharging wash water through a controllable valve, as well as an inlet for receiving washing water. A drying air chamber extends from an opening in the top of the water plenum for delivering drying air from the heat source to the clothes basket, which passes through the perforated clothes basket to an exhaust chamber which discharges the moisture laden air.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clothes basket is operated during a spin cycle to centrifugally remove a major quantity of water in the washed materials. In order to avoid caking, or compression of the wash load during a spin cycle, the spin cycle is alternately operated at a plurality of speeds, separated by pauses, to permit the clothing to separate from the wall of the perforated clothes drum.
In accordance with the preferred embodiment, a lint filter is supported in the exhaust chamber. The lint filter is cleaned by a jet of water directed to the lint screen, preferably prior to beginning a washing cycle, so that lint is forced from the filter surface down to the drain in the containment drum assembly to the waste water drain connection.
Referring now to
A washing agent container 16 receives washing detergent, bleach, and other washing agents through door 17, and as in a conventional washer, hose 18 carries the contents of the washing agent container 16 to the containment drum 11. The plurality of water jets 20 are cyclically operated by controller 12 to wash the contents of each compartment of the washing agent container 16 through the outlet hose 18. Jet 21 periodically flushes the washing agent container 16.
Controller 12 provides commands to a motor drive for rotating the basket within containment drum 11 in both washing and drying cycles to produce the washing/drying cycle of
The burner assembly 22 is supported on a burner support 23 fixed to the base 25. The burner assembly 22 includes burner tubes 21 which supply heat to the containment drum 11 during the washing and drying cycles.
The exhaust fan 15 is shown with the exhaust outlet 13 removed. A drip channel 42 collects water during the spin cycle of the washer/dryer and returns the water back to the water plenum containing the rotating clothes basket.
The operation of the combination washer/dryer is now described with respect to
Burner assembly 22 is in heat transfer relationship with water plenum 46 within the containment drum 11. The burner 22 is operated cyclically under control of the controller 21 to heat water within the water plenum 46 and lower portion of exhaust plenum 48 to a predetermined programmed temperature level, including a sanitizing level as set forth by various regulatory bodies. A temperature sensor 43 provides temperature feedback information to controller 12 so that the correct temperature is established for the washing solution.
The rotating basket 40 reciprocates as is common in most side loading washing machines for a period of time to efficiently clean the load. Once the wash time has timed out in controller 12, the water is drained from the water plenum 46 through the drain 34, and the washer/dryer enters the first spin drying mode.
As will be clearer with respect to
The centrifugally wrung wash load has approximately 50% of the moisture removed from the wash load. During the centrifugal drying of the wash load, moisture spun from the clothes basket 40 may collect in channel 42 where it is returned by gravity to the water plenum 46 and to the drain 34.
The drying cycle utilizes heat from burner 22 under control of the controller 12 to dry the moisture laden wash load. The hot air supply plenum 47 is formed between the outside wall 28 of the containment drum 11 and a wall 44 of the water plenum 46. Hot air from the burner 22 rises through the hot air supply plenum 47 and enters the perforated clothes basket 40 at the top of the hot air supply plenum 47 through an opening 49 in the top of water supply plenum 46. The hot moisture laden drying air is then withdrawn through the bottom of the clothes basket 40 through exhaust plenum 48. The exhaust plenum 48 extends vertically from lower opening in water plenum 46 substantially diametrically opposite the end of the hot air supply plenum 47. Fan 15 applies a negative pressure to the opposite end of the exhaust plenum 48 drawing moisture laden air from the perforated clothes basket 40 through the exhaust plenum 48. The temperature of the drying air is monitored by sensor 45 which is connected to the controller 12 and is disposed at the top of the hot air supply plenum. The drying air temperature is regulated by controller 12 which cycles burner 22 in response to the measured air temperature so as not to exceed a predetermined programmed limit which will damage the wash load 7. Since the initial conditions for drying including the moisture content of the load are fairly constant between loads, controller 12 may enter a drying routine with a drying temperature profile at its maximum drying efficiency and below a level which will damage the wash load.
A feature of the embodiment in accordance with
The washer/dryer in accordance with
The temperature for drying may be optimized for the finished wash load. Since the moisture content is at a known predetermined level, the drying temperature can be safely raised to a higher level than was previously utilized without incurring unacceptable risks of a fire or damage to a wash load.
The sequence of washing and drying begins by activating jet 59 for 5–10 seconds thereby forcing any lint collected on the lint filter 51 into the water plenum 46 and into the drain 34. The drain valve 36 is opened by controller 12, and the ejection nozzle 38 supplies a high velocity stream of water for 5–8 seconds flushing any collected residue through the drain 34.
Following the cleansing of the lint filter 51 and operation of the drain valve, the containment compartment water plenum 46 is filled with wash water to the level shown in
A wash cycle is entered and the basket is alternately rotated in each direction for a period of time selected by the user through controller 12. Following the wash cycle, the drain valve 36 is opened and water drains from the water compartment 46. The machine may then enter a spin cycle to centrifugally force water from the clothes into the drain 34.
A rinse cycle commences for a period of time set in controller 12. The water plenum 46 is refilled and the water is heated to an appropriately selected temperature set by controller 12. The clothes basket 40 is then rotated in alternate directions for the duration of the rinse cycle. Following the rinse cycle, the drain valve 36 is reopened to drain the rinse water.
The spin cycle centrifugally removes 50% of the moisture in the load by initially rotating the clothes basket 40 at about 450 RPM. In order to prevent caking of the laundry load along the surface of the rotating basket 40, a first pause is entered in the spin cycle for 5–10 seconds, wherein, in the preferred embodiment, the clothes basket 40 stops rotating. At this time, the clothes will drop from the exterior surface of the clothes basket 40 due to the force of gravity. The clothes basket is then operated at a second RPM, at least as high as the initial RPM of 450 RPM, but preferably at a higher RPM of about 750 RPM, to continue centrifugally drying the clothes. The spin cycle is again paused, to permit the clothing to drop from the surface of the clothes basket 40 preventing caking of the clothes to the surface of clothes basket and clumping together in a compact mass. Following a second pause of 5–10 seconds, the clothes basket is rotated through multiple steps to a final spin RPM. The final spin interval, being longer than the first two spin intervals, lasts approximately 4–5 minutes.
The foregoing sequence produces a load of an approximate known moisture content. The beginning of the final heated drying cycle therefore represents moisture conditions which are predetermined and constant from load-to-load. Accordingly, from the known starting point of moisture content, it is possible to select a final optimum drying temperature profile to minimize the time for drying, while maintaining a safe temperature margin for the wash load.
The heated drying cycle begins by actuating valve 36 by closing the drain. The drying cycle may be of the reversing type, wherein the clothes basket 40 is rotated in alternate directions for a predetermined period of time. Following a drying cycle of 30–60 minutes, a cool down cycle is begun wherein the temperature profile of the load is decreased for 3–5 minutes to reduce the possibilities of spontaneous combustion of line lints.
The completion of the drying cycle is signaled by the controller 12 to the facilities operator. From the beginning to end, operator intervention was unnecessary, and personnel involved in the laundry facility are permitted to engage in other tasks. Since the complete washing/drying cycle is automated, maximum throughput efficiency for the facility may be obtained.
The foregoing description of the invention illustrates and describes the present invention. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only the preferred embodiments of the invention in the context of a combination washer/dryer having common heat source, but, as mentioned above, it is to be understood that the invention is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings and/or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. The embodiments described hereinabove are further intended to explain best modes known of practicing the invention and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention in such, or other, embodiments and with the various modifications required by the particular applications or uses of the invention. Accordingly, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form or application disclosed herein. Also, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to include alternative embodiments.
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