Patent Application
20240377061
The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0059255, filed May 8, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.
Exemplary embodiments relate to a combined combustion burner using solid fuel, and relate to a combustion apparatus including the combined combustion burner.
Generally, a thermal power generation plant refers to a plant that burns fossil fuels and generates steam required for a power plant or industrial use. In a coal thermal power generation plant, steam is generated by thermal energy obtained by burning pulverized coal that is solid fuel, and power is generated by operating a turbine and a generator.
A plurality of nozzles is provided inside the coal thermal power generation plant, and the plurality of nozzles provided on a side wall of a burner is configured to spray pulverized coal and combustion air to an inner side of the burner. The nozzles not only spray pulverized coal and mixed air, but also spray secondary air and tertiary air to the outside of premixed air, thereby forming a recirculation region inside a furnace. Such a recirculation area is an area in which a reduction reaction is performed because air is sparse, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is suppressed in the recirculation area.
However, in a conventional combustion apparatus that burns fossil fuel, there is a problem of high carbon dioxide emissions. In order to solve this problem, a technology of supplying ammonia as fuel is being developed. However, ammonia contains a large amount of nitrogen, and there is a problem that a large amount of nitrogen oxides is generated when ammonia is combusted.
Aspects of one or more exemplary embodiments provide a combined combustion burner and a combustion apparatus including the combined combustion burner capable of reducing the generation of carbon dioxide and the generation of nitrogen oxides.
Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will become apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the exemplary embodiments.
According to an aspect of an exemplary embodiment, there is provided a combined combustion burner including: a center tube forming a center passage configured to supply cooling air; a fuel tube surrounding the center tube and forming a fuel passage through which premixed fuel mixed with solid fuel and primary air is sprayed; a secondary tube surrounding the fuel tube and forming a secondary passage through which secondary air is sprayed; and an additional spray nozzle inserted inside the center tube and configured to spray auxiliary fuel containing ammonia.
The additional spray nozzle may be configured to spray the auxiliary fuel to an inner side of a space where the secondary air is sprayed.
The additional spray nozzle may be configured to spray the auxiliary fuel to an inner side of a space where the premixed fuel is sprayed.
An oil nozzle configured to spray liquid fuel may be mounted in the center passage, and the additional spray nozzle may be configured to spray the auxiliary fuel to an outside of a space where the liquid fuel is sprayed.
The additional spray nozzle may be mounted such that ammonia is sprayed to a recirculation area.
A discharge portion inclined with respect to a longitudinal direction of the additional spray nozzle may be formed on the additional spray nozzle.
A spray port through which the auxiliary fuel is sprayed may be formed on the additional spray nozzle, and the spray port may be formed such that a normal direction of the spray port is inclined with respect to a radial direction of the additional spray nozzle.
One part of an outer circumferential surface of the discharge portion may extend in a straight line, and the other part of the outer circumferential surface of the discharge portion may be curved in an arc shape.
The additional spray nozzle may be mounted such that the additional spray nozzle is capable of being rotated with respect to a central axis of the additional spray nozzle.
A rotation control member configured to rotate the additional spray nozzle may be connected to the additional spray nozzle.
An auxiliary spray member configured to spray ammonia fuel containing ammonia in a gaseous state into the fuel passage may be mounted in the fuel passage.
The auxiliary spray member may be formed in a ring shape, may include a plurality of spray holes configured to spray the ammonia fuel, and may include a distribution passage that extends along a circumferential direction of the auxiliary spray member.
The auxiliary spray member may be fixed to an outer circumferential surface of the center tube.
An ammonia supply tube connected to the distribution passage may be mounted in the center tube.
The spray holes may be inclined toward an outside of a radial direction of the auxiliary spray member.
The spray holes may be formed of long holes.
The spray holes may be formed such that a major axis direction of the spray holes is inclined with respect to the radial direction.
The spray holes may be formed such that an inner diameter of each of the spray holes is gradually decreased toward a downstream side of each of the spray holes.
According to an aspect of another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a combustion apparatus including: a furnace forming a combustion space; and a burner including a plurality of burners mounted in the furnace, wherein the burner includes: a center tube forming a center passage configured to supply cooling air; a fuel tube surrounding the center tube and forming a fuel passage through which premixed fuel mixed with solid fuel and primary air is sprayed; a secondary tube surrounding the fuel tube and forming a secondary passage through which secondary air is sprayed; and an additional spray nozzle inserted inside the center tube and configured to spray auxiliary fuel containing ammonia.
An oil nozzle configured to spray liquid fuel may be mounted in the center passage, and the additional spray nozzle may be configured to spray the auxiliary fuel to an outside of a space where the liquid fuel is sprayed and may be configured to spray the auxiliary fuel to an inside of a space where the premixed fuel is sprayed.
As described above, the burner according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes the additional spray nozzle, so that the generation of carbon dioxide may be reduced and the generation of nitrogen oxides that is generated during combustion of ammonia may be reduced. In addition, ammonia fuel is sprayed between solid fuel and liquid fuel, so that a flame may be stably maintained without harming the stability of the flame. In addition, since the additional spray nozzle and the auxiliary spray member are provided, a combustion amount of ammonia fuel is increased, so that a generation amount of carbon dioxide may be further reduced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed.
The above and other objectives, features, and other advantages of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Various modifications and different embodiments will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments, but the present disclosure includes all modifications, equivalents or replacements that fall within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined in the following claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present disclosure, terms such as “comprises”, “includes”, or “have/has” should be construed as designating that there are such features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, and/or combinations thereof, not to exclude the presence or possibility of adding of one or more of other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, and/or combinations thereof.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout various drawings and exemplary embodiments. In certain embodiments, a detailed description of functions and configurations well known in the art may be omitted to avoid obscuring appreciation of the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. For the same reason, some components may be exaggerated, omitted, or schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Hereinafter, a combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
Referring to
The combustion apparatus 2 may include a furnace 3 that provides a combustion space and a space in which combustion gas is moved, a plurality of burners 100 mounted in the furnace 3, a hopper 5 in which solid fuel is accommodated, a pulverizer 6 configured to pulverize the solid fuel, and a boiler 4 configured to generate steam by heat exchange.
Solid fuel is stored in the hopper 5, and the solid fuel may be formed of consist of pulverized coal, biomass, and so on. The pulverizer 6 is configured to finely pulverize solid fuel supplied from the hopper 5. The furnace 3 provides the combustion space, and the plurality of burners 100 may be mounted in the furnace 3.
The burners 100 may be disposed such that the burners 100 are spaced apart from each other and disposed along a circumferential direction of the furnace 3. In addition, in the furnace 3, an additional supply tube 8 that additionally supplies air may be mounted on an upper portion of the burner 100. The boiler 4 is configured to generate steam by exchanging heat with combustion gas that is generated from the burner 100. An ammonia supply portion 7 that supplies fuel containing ammonia may be connected to the burners 100.
Referring to
The center tube 130 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a center passage 135 that supplies cooling air is formed inside the center tube 130. In addition, the oil nozzle 136 configured to spray liquid fuel may be mounted on a center of the center tube 130 in a radial direction. Liquid fuel may be supplied to the oil nozzle 136, and the liquid fuel may be formed of heavy fuel oil and so on.
The fuel tube 120 is mounted such that the fuel tube 120 surrounds the center tube 130, and a fuel passage 125 in which premixed fuel formed by mixing solid fuel and primary air is moved is formed inside the fuel tube 120. Here, solid fuel may be formed of coal or biomass. A protrusion portion 123 for maintaining the flame may be formed on a downstream side of the fuel tube 120. In addition, a first flared tube portion 126 is formed on a distal end of the fuel tube 120. An outer diameter of the first flared tube portion 126 is gradually increased toward the distal end of the fuel tube 120, but an inner diameter of the first flared tube portion 126 is formed uniformly.
The secondary tube 140 is mounted such that the secondary tube 140 surrounds the fuel tube 120, and forms a secondary passage 145 through which secondary air SA1 (see
The tertiary tube 150 is mounted such that the tertiary tube 150 surrounds the secondary tube 140, and forms a tertiary passage 155 through which tertiary air TAI (see
Meanwhile, as illustrated in
The auxiliary spray member 180 may include a plurality of spray holes 181 configured to spray ammonia fuel, and may include a distribution passage 182 that extends along a circumferential direction of the auxiliary spray member 180. The auxiliary spray member 180 is formed in a ring shape, and is fixed to an outer circumferential surface of the center tube 130. Meanwhile, an ammonia supply tube 186 configured to supply ammonia to the auxiliary spray member 180 may be mounted in the center tube 130. The ammonia supply tube 186 may be connected to the distribution passage 182 of the auxiliary spray member 180 by passing through the center tube 130 from an upstream side of the center tube 130. As such, when the ammonia supply tube 186 is mounted in the center tube 130, ammonia fuel may be easily supplied without interfering with the movement of the premixed fuel.
The distribution passage 182 is formed inside the auxiliary spray member 180, and is formed such that the distribution passage 182 extends along the circumferential direction of the auxiliary spray member 180. The plurality of spray holes 181 is formed in the auxiliary spray member 180, and the spray holes 181 may extend frontward from the distribution passage 182 and may obliquely extend toward the outside in a radial direction. In addition, the spray holes 181 are formed of long holes, and may be formed such that a major axis direction of the spray holes 181 is inclined at a third inclination angle A13 with respect to the radial direction. Here, the third inclination angle A13 may be 5 degrees to 60 degrees. Accordingly, ammonia sprayed from the auxiliary spray member 180 may be mixed with the primary air and solid fuel while forming a swirl.
In addition, the spray hole 181 may be formed such that an inner diameter is gradually decreased toward a downstream side thereof. Accordingly, pulverized coal may be prevented from being introduced inside the spray hole 181.
In addition, as illustrated in
The additional spray nozzle 170 is formed such that the additional spray nozzle 170 extends along a longitudinal direction of the center passage 135, and a nozzle cap 176 having a spray port 171 is mounted on the additional spray nozzle 170. In addition, a discharge portion 175 having an internal flow path inclined with respect to a longitudinal direction of the additional spray nozzle 170 may be formed on an end portion of the additional spray nozzle 170. The discharge portion 175 may be formed on the nozzle cap 176.
A longitudinal end portion of the additional spray nozzle 170 is positioned such that the longitudinal end portion of the additional spray nozzle 170 protrudes to the same extent as a longitudinal end portion of the center tube 130 or protrudes further forward than the longitudinal end portion of the center tube 130, and is positioned further rear than longitudinal end portions of the fuel tube 120 and the secondary tube 140. Accordingly, damage to the additional spray nozzle 170 by heat may be minimized.
A part 176a of an outer circumferential surface of the discharge portion 175 may extend in a straight line, and the other part 176b may be curved in an arc shape. Accordingly, the part formed in the straight line may guide the discharge of cooling air, and auxiliary fuel may be sprayed without interrupting the flow of air.
The discharge portion 175 may be inclined at a first inclination angle A11 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the additional spray nozzle 170, and the discharge portion 175 may be formed such that the discharge portion 175 is inclined outward in the radial direction.
Here, the first inclination angle A11 may be 45 degrees. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Furthermore, a discharge portion 271a may be inclined at zero degrees with respect to a longitudinal direction of an additional spray nozzle 271 as illustrated in
In addition, the spray port 171 through which auxiliary fuel is sprayed is formed on the additional spray nozzle 170, and the spray port 171 may be formed such that a normal direction of the spray port 171 is inclined at a second inclination angle A12 with respect to the radial direction. The additional spray nozzle 170 may be mounted such that the additional spray nozzle 170 is capable of being rotated with respect to a central axis of the additional spray nozzle 170, and the second inclination angle A12 may be adjusted according to the rotation of the additional spray nozzle 170. The second inclination angle A12 may be set to zero degrees to 45 degrees.
As illustrated in
The additional spray nozzle 170 is configured to spray the auxiliary fuel AM1 into an inside of a space where the secondary air SA1 is sprayed. Accordingly, the auxiliary fuel AM1 does not interrupt the flow of the secondary air SA1, and the auxiliary fuel AM1 may be prevent from being dispersed by the secondary air SA1.
In addition, the additional spray nozzle 170 is configured to spray the auxiliary fuel AM1 into an inside of a space where premixed fuel is sprayed. Accordingly, the auxiliary fuel AM1 containing ammonia is sprayed to an inner side of a flame formed by solid fuel such as pulverized coal and so on, thereby being capable of preventing oxidation of ammonia.
Meanwhile, the additional spray nozzle 170 is configured to spray the auxiliary fuel AM1 into an outside of a space where liquid fuel is sprayed. Accordingly, a flame is maintained by the liquid fuel, and ammonia is sprayed into the recirculation area RA1 formed inside the maintained flame, so that the auxiliary fuel AM1 may participate in combustion while the flame is maintained in a stable state.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, since fuel containing ammonia is sprayed by the additional spray nozzle 170 and the auxiliary spray member 180, the generation of carbon dioxide may be reduced. In addition, since ammonia is sprayed into a reduction area, the generation of nitrogen oxides due to combustion of ammonia may be reduced. Hereinafter, the burner according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
Referring to
The additional spray nozzle 170 may be mounted such that the additional spray nozzle 170 is capable of being rotated with respect to the central axis of the additional spray nozzle 170. The rotation control member 210 configured to rotate the additional spray nozzle 170 is mounted on the additional spray nozzle 170. A spray direction of mixed fuel containing ammonia may be controlled according to the rotation of the additional spray nozzle 170. The rotation control member 210 may include an actuator or a motor.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the rotation control member 210 is mounted, the additional spray nozzle 170 is rotated and ammonia is sprayed according to a combustion situation, so that a flame may be stabilized and the generation of nitrogen oxides may be significantly reduced.
While one or more exemplary embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various variations and modifications may be made by adding, changing, or removing components without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims, and these variations and modifications fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims. In addition, it is noted that any one feature of an embodiment of the present disclosure described in the specification may be applied to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2023-0059255 | May 2023 | KR | national |
