Patent Application
20090126607
This application claims the priority benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2007-0117458 filed on Nov. 16, 2007, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entirety.
Not applicable.
This invention relates to a combustion apparatus for recovering heat, more specifically to a combustion apparatus for recovering and utilizing the combustion heat generated in a combustion chamber in which solid fuel is burned.
Generally, in industrial facilities required for industrial hot water, steam, or high temperature gas, a combustion apparatus is used for generating heat energy by the combustion of fuel in the interior of a combustion tank in order to achieve heat energy, and as a fuel in this combustion apparatus, a solid fuel such as RDF (fuelized life waste) or RPF (fuelized waste plastics) is used in consideration of economics and resource recycling.
But, this type of prior art combustion apparatus, in which plenty of solid fuel is inputted to the lower part of a combustion tank and burned, has a problem resulting in the waste of materials due to incomplete combustion of the fuel. Also, it is disadvantageous in that, since a plurality of ashes remain at the same time, it is impossible to process the automatic disposal of these remaining ashes. Furthermore, once the first combustion is finished, the next combustion is processed after a desired quantity of fuel is inputted again and is ignited, therefore, it is difficult to attain a continuous combustion process and the caloric value is not uniform.
Moreover, the combustion of this solid fuel results in exhausting much gas or particles such as dust, carbon monoxide, smoke, gas phase HCL, SOx, NOx, dioxin and the like which give rise to environmental pollution.
The invention is designed to solve the problem of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus for recovering heat which is manufactured at a less expensive cost, promotes complete combustion to improve economic feasibility and thermal efficiency, and reduces the generation of environmental pollution.
A combustion apparatus for recovering heat according to the present invention comprises a combustion tank for burning fuel contained in the interior by combustion air supplied from the exterior, is characterized in that a combustion chamber surrounded by an inner wall for burning fuel is defined in said combustion tank, a swirl flow supply chamber for supplying combustion air into said combustion chamber is defined around the outer circumference of the inner wall of said combustion tank, a combustion air supply passage for supplying combustion air from said swirl flow supply chamber into said combustion chamber is defined on the inner wall of said combustion tank, said combustion air supply passage is slanted at a predetermined angle to the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall in said combustion tank, and the combustion air generates a swirl flow in the combustion chamber.
Furthermore, in the combustion apparatus of this invention, it is preferable to define a combustion air supply nozzle in said combustion air supply passage.
In the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention, it is preferable that the angle of said combustion air supply passage and said combustion air supply nozzle slanted to the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall is from 45 to 80 degrees.
Moreover, a combustion apparatus for recovering heat according to the present invention is characterized in that a combustion chamber surrounded by an inner wall for burning fuel is defined in said combustion tank, an ash outlet is defined on the inner wall of said combustion tank, an ash discharge chamber is defined around the outer circumference of the inner wall of said combustion tank, ash discharged through the ash outlet is entered into the ash discharge chamber, a swirl flow supply chamber for supplying combustion air into said combustion chamber is defined around the outer circumference of said ash discharge chamber, a combustion air supply nozzle is defined between said swirl flow supply chamber and said combustion chamber for supplying combustion air from said swirl flow supply chamber into said combustion chamber, the combustion air supply nozzle is slanted at a predetermined angle in the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall in said combustion tank and the combustion air generates a swirl flow in the combustion tank.
Furthermore, in the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention, it is preferable that an air cooling chamber for supplying combustion air supplied from the exterior into said swirl flow supply chamber is defined around the outer circumference of said swirl flow supply chamber in said combustion tank.
Also, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention is characterized in that a combustion gas exhausting tube for exhausting the combustion gas heated in said combustion chamber of said combustion tank is provided in the upper of said combustion tank, said combustion gas exhausting tube comprises a combustion gas inlet having an inside diameter reduced according to a moving direction of the combustion gas, a narrowed part, and a combustion gas outlet having an inside diameter enlarged according to the moving direction of the combustion gas.
Furthermore, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention is characterized in that it further comprises a combustion gas exhausting adjustment part installed in the combustion gas outlet of said combustion gas exhausting tube and having an outside diameter enlarged according to the moving direction of a combustion gas, and the adjustment of exhausting the combustion gas is accomplished by the rising or descending of said combustion gas exhausting adjustment part.
Moreover, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention is characterized in that a high pressure air supply part for supplying high pressure air is provided in the narrowed part of said combustion gas exhausting tube, a high pressure air supply passage into which high pressure air supplied from said high pressure air supply part is defined in said narrowed part, and said high pressure air supply passage is slanted at a predetermine angle to the vertical direction of the inner face of said narrowed part.
According to the present invention, a combustion apparatus for recovering heat is provided which is manufactured at a less expensive cost, and is capable of improving the thermal efficiency and reducing the generation of environmental pollution.
Hereinafter, a combustion apparatus for recovering heat according to the first preferable embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings.
A combustion apparatus(100) for recovering heat according to the first preferable embodiment of this invention comprises a combustion tank(10) in which fuel is burned, a combustion air supply part(20), a fuel supply part(30), a combustion gas exhausting tube(40), and an ash discharge part(50).
Firstly, the combustion tank(10) of cylindrical shape is to receive and burn fuel in the interior, the upper end of the tank(10) is opened to exhaust the combustion gas, on the lower edge of the tank is formed an ash outlet(51) for discharging the burned ash of solid fuel, the outermost side of the tank is surrounded by an outer wall(16), an intermediate wall(14) and an inner wall(12) are formed and spaced each other from the outer wall(16) inwardly, and the solid fuel is received and burned in the interior of the combustion chamber(11) surrounded by the inner wall(12).
A swirl flow supply chamber(13) is defined in the space between the inner wall(12) and the intermediate wall(14) of the combustion tank(10), and is divided into two upper and lower spaces by the first flange(13a). On the inner wall(12) of the combustion tank(10) are formed a plurality of combustion air supply passages(12a) for flowing combustion air from the swirl flow supply chamber into the combustion chamber(11). The combustion air supply passage(12a) is slanted at a predetermined angle(α) to the vertical direction(i.e., the radial direction) of the inner face of the inner wall(12), and the combustion air supplied from the swirl flow supply chamber(13) into the interior of the combustion chamber(11) generates the swirl flow which is swirling in the combustion chamber(11). It is preferable that the angle(α) of the combustion air supply passage(12a) slanted to the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall(12) is from 45 to 80 degrees.
Furthermore, a combustion air supply nozzle(12b) is formed in the combustion air supply passage(12a) for communicating with the combustion air supply passage(12a), and is slanted at a predetermined angle(α) to the same direction of the combustion air supply passage(12a), i.e. to the vertical direction(the radial direction) of the inner face of the inner wall(12). Also, it is preferable that the angle(α) of the combustion air supply nozzle(12b) slanted to the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall(12) is from 45 to 80 degrees.
An air cooling chamber(15) is defined in the space between the intermediate wall(14) and the outer wall(16) of the combustion tank(10), and is divided into two upper and lower spaces by the second flange(15a). In the intermediate wall(14) of the combustion tank(10) are formed a plurality of flow communicating holes(14a) for supplying the combustion air from the air cooling chamber(15) into the swirl flow supply chamber(13).
Moreover, the lower of the combustion chamber(11) is provided with a rotation type grate(17) installed to be movable rotationally. The rotation type grate(17) burns the solid fuel supplied to the upper of the grate(17), and is to discharge ashes generated after burning of the fuel. In the center of the rotation type grate(17), is formed a coupling hole(17a) for coupling with a vertical screw conveyer(34) of the fuel supply part(30), as described afterwards. The rotation type grate(17) is defined upwardly slanted from the center to the edge. In this construction of the rotation type grate(17), the solid fuel supplied regularly from the fuel supply part(30) is moved and burned from the upper center to the outer edge of the grate(17), ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel is discharged through the ash outlet(51) defined in the lower edge of the combustion chamber(11) into the ash discharge part(50) while the rotation type grate(17) is rotated.
The combustion air supply part(20), for supplying air required for the combustion of the solid fuel from the exterior to the combustion tank(10), is comprised of a combustion air supply fan(21)) and a combustion air supply chamber(22). A combustion air supply chamber(22) is provided with air supply pipes(23a, 23b) for supplying combustion air to the air cooling chamber(15) of the combustion tank(10). In this constitution, the combustion air is supplied from the combustion air supply fan(21) to the combustion air supply chamber(22), and then is supplied through the air supply pipes(23a, 23b) from the combustion air supply chamber(22) to the air cooling chamber(15) of the combustion tank(10).
The fuel supply part(30) combined with the lower of the combustion tank(10), for regularly supplying the solid fuel from the lower of the combustion chamber(11) into the combustion chamber(11), is comprised of a fuel hopper(31) for storing and regularly supplying the solid fuel, a fuel conveying part(32) for conveying the solid fuel supplied from the fuel hopper(31), and a fuel driving high pressure air supply part(35) for smoothly supplying the solid fuel conveyed by the fuel conveying part(32) to the combustion chamber(11). The fuel conveying part(32) for conveying the solid fuel supplied from the fuel hopper(31) into the combustion chamber(11) is comprised of a horizontal screw conveyer(33) and a vertical screw conveyer(34). The horizontal screw conveyer(33) defined at the lower of the fuel hopper(31) rotates and conveys the fuel supplied from the fuel hopper(31) to the horizontal direction. The vertical screw conveyer(34) is defined vertically at one end of the horizontal screw conveyer(33), the lower of the vertical screw conveyer(34) is located at one end of the horizontal screw conveyer(33), and the upper of the vertical screw conveyer(34) is combined with the coupling hole(17a) of the rotation type grate(17) in the combustion chamber(11). Therefore, the vertical screw conveyer(34) rotates and conveys the fuel conveyed from the horizontal screw conveyer(33) to the vertical direction, and then the fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber(11)
The fuel driving high pressure air supply part(35) for supplying high pressure air to the vertical screw conveyer(34) is combined with the horizontal screw conveyer(33) on the one side which is opposite to the other side combined with the vertical screw conveyer(34), and the fuel driving high pressure air supply part(35) supplies high pressure air through the horizontal screw conveyer(33) to the lower of the vertical screw conveyer(34). The combustion air is continuously supplied from the exterior into the combustion chamber(11), and then a constant pressure is generated in the combustion chamber(11). As a consequence of this constant pressure in the combustion chamber(11), the back pressure may be applied to the vertical screw conveyer(34). In this case, it follows that the solid fuel cannot be supplied smoothly, and the fuel driving high pressure air supply part(35) eliminates this back pressure and allows the fuel to be supplied into the combustion chamber(11) more smoothly.
Meanwhile, the combustion gas exhausting tube(40) is communicated with the upper of the combustion chamber(11) for supplying the combustion gas generated due to the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber(11) into a boiler and the like. The combustion gas exhausting tube(40) is comprised of a combustion gas inlet(41), narrow part(42), and combustion gas outlet(43), these are defined sequentially according to the moving direction of the combustion gas.
The lower end of the combustion gas inlet(41) is connected to the upper end of the combustion chamber(11), and the inside diameter of the combustion gas inlet(41) is reduced according to the moving direction of the combustion gas. The narrowed part having a constant inside diameter is defined between the combustion gas inlet(41) and the combustion gas outlet(43), and the one side of the narrowed part(42) is provided with a high pressure air supply part(42a) for supplying high pressure air into the narrowed part(42) to increase the rotation speed of the combustion gas in the narrowed part(42). Also, the narrowed part(42) is provided with a high pressure air supply passage(42b) for supplying high pressure air from the high pressure air supply part(42a) into the narrowed part(42), the high pressure air supply passage(42b) is slanted to the vertical direction(radial direction) of the inner face of the narrowed part(42) at a predetermined angle(β).
It is preferable that the angle(β) of the high pressure air supply passage(42b) slanted to the vertical direction (radial direction) of the inner face of the narrowed part(42) is from 45 to 80 degrees. Meanwhile, the inside diameter of the combustion gas outlet(43) is enlarged according to the moving direction of the combustion gas. Also, at the inner of the lower end in the combustion gas outlet(43) a combustion gas exhausting adjustment part(44) is provided which is installed to move up and down.
Corresponding to the combustion gas outlet(43), the outside diameter of the combustion gas exhausting adjustment part(44) is enlarged according to the moving direction of the combustion gas, as to say, the cross section area of the combustion gas exhausting adjustment part(44) is enlarged according to the moving direction of the combustion gas. Therefore, by the rising or descending of said combustion gas exhausting adjustment part(44), the pressure, speed, and the like of the combustion gas exhausted from the narrowed part(42) to the combustion gas outlet(43) is adjusted.
In the mean time, the ash discharge part(50) is combined with the lower end of the combustion tank(10) for discharging ashes generated due to the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber(11) to the exterior, and is comprised of an ash discharge collection tank(52), an ash discharge valve(53), and an ash discharge screw conveyer(54). The upper of the ash discharge collection tank(52) is communicated with the ash outlet(51) of the combustion chamber(11) to receive temporally the ash discharged from the ash outlet(51). The ash discharge valve(53) is combined with the lower of the ash discharge collection tank(52) to adjust the quantity of ashes to be discharged to the exterior from the ash discharge collection tank(52). The ash discharge screw conveyer(54) located in the lower of the ash discharge valve(53) rotates and conveys the ash discharged from the ash discharge collection tank(52) to the desired position.
Now, the function and operation for the combustion apparatus(100) for recovering heat according to the first embodiment of this invention as constructed above is described.
Firstly, the solid fuel regularly supplied from the fuel hopper(31) is conveyed successively by the horizontal screw conveyer(33) and the vertical screw conveyer(34), and is supplied to the upper of the rotation type grate(17) in the combustion chamber(11). When the fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber(11) by the vertical screw conveyer(34), the fuel driving high pressure air supply part(54) supplies high pressure air to the lower of the vertical screw conveyer(54), and the solid fuel is supplied more smoothly into the combustion chamber(11). The solid fuel supplied into the combustion chamber(11) is preheated and ignited by a preheat burner and a ignition burner(not illustrated), and is burned. The solid fuel supplied to the upper of the rotation type grate(17) is burned, and as time passes the solid fuel is moved to the edges of the rotation type grate(17) due to the continuous supply of fuels, and is completely burned and is changed to ashes at the edges of the rotation type grate(17).
Thereafter, by rotation of the rotation type grate(17) the ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel is discharged through the ash outlet(51), and the ash discharged from the ash outlet(51) is received temporally in the ash discharge collection tank(52) and is conveyed to the ash discharge screw conveyer(54) by the manipulation of the ash discharge valve(53), and the ash discharge screw conveyer(54) rotates and conveys the ash to the desired position.
Meanwhile, the combustion air required for the combustion of the solid fuel is, supplied to the combustion air supply chamber(22) by the combustion air supply fan(21), is supplied to the air cooling chamber(15) though the air supply tube(23a, 23b), and then is supplied to the swirl flow supply chamber(13) through the flow communication hole(14a) of the intermediate wall(14). The combustion air supplied to the swirl flow supply chamber(13) is supplied into the combustion chamber(11) through the combustion air supply passage(12a) and the combustion air supply nozzle(12b) which are defined on the inner wall(12) in the combustion chamber(11). At this time, since the swirl flow supply chamber(13) is located just to the outer of the combustion chamber(11) of high temperature, and the combustion air in the swirl flow supply chamber(13) is preheated and supplied into the combustion chamber(11), the thermal efficiency is improved. In addition, since the air cooling chamber(15) is located between the swirl flow supply chamber(13) and the exterior, the air cooling chamber(15) functions as a thermal protection layer to prevent a loss of thermal translation from the swirl flow supply chamber(13) to the exterior. Also, in this type of combustion apparatus, it is provided that the temperature of the exterior of the combustion tank(10) is limited not to increase over the predetermined value; however, in the combustion apparatus according to this invention, since the air cooling chamber(15) is located around the outer of the swirl flow supply chamber(13), the above provision can be satisfied without any separate cooling system.
Moreover, since the combustion air supply passage(12a) and combustion air supply nozzle(12b) are slanted to the vertical direction(radial direction) to the inner face of the inner wall(12) in the combustion chamber(11) at a predetermined angle(α), the swirl flow may be generated in the combustion chamber(11) by means of the combustion air supplied into the combustion chamber(11).
If the combustion air is supplied simply in a straight direction(for example, the vertical or radial direction to the inner face of the inner wall), the area of the fuel directly contacted with the combustion air may be decreased; therefore, a plurality of nozzles are needed in order to increase the area of the fuel directly contacted with the combustion air, at the same time, the volume of the combustion chamber must be enlarged because of the expansion of the fuel. Meanwhile, in the present invention, since the swirl flow is generated and is swirled in the combustion chamber(11), most of the fuel may be contacted with the combustion air even though the combustion chamber(11) is small and the number of the combustion air supply nozzles(12b) is few; therefore, it is possible to reduce the product cost and to design for complete combustion because the combustion air is continuously supplied directly to the solid fuel, at the same time, it is possible to increase the temperature of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the fuel and to improve the thermal efficiency. Moreover, since the combustion air supplied from the exterior is supplied into the combustion chamber(11) and is swirled in conformity with the inner wall(12), it brings the cooling effect for the inner wall(12) to lower the temperature of the inner wall(12); therefore, it is possible to improve the durability.
Meanwhile, the combustion gas of high temperature generated by the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber(11) is flowed into the combustion gas exhaustion tube(40) through the opened upper end of the combustion chamber(11), and the combustion gas flowed into the combustion gas exhausting tube(40) is swirled by the swirl flow in the combustion chamber(11) and is flowed sequentially through the combustion gas inlet(41), the narrowed part(42), and the combustion gas outlet(43).
Since the inside diameter of the combustion gas inlet(41) is reduced according to the moving direction of the combustion gas, the combustion gas is accelerated as the area of the combustion gas inlet(41) is decreased. When the combustion gas is arrived at the narrowed part(42), since the high pressure air supplied by the high pressure air supply part(42a) is supplied through the high pressure air supply passage(42b) slanted to the vertical direction of the inner face of the narrowed part(42) at a predetermined angle(β), the combustion gas in the narrowed part(42) is rotated to a higher speed. At this time, since the combustion gas in the narrowed part(42) rotates at the speed of several tens of thousands of rpm, by the centrifugal force resulted from this high rotation the combustion gas, the environmental pollution such as dust, dioxin, SOx, and the like is pressed to a high pressure at the inner edge of the narrowed part(42), and this results in the change in property of matter due to the molecular combination etc., therefore the quantity of the environmental pollution is decreased.
Furthermore, the combustion gas rotated at high speed in the narrowed part(42) is exhausted into the combustion gas outlet(43), and the exhausting of the combustion gas is adjusted by rising or descending of the combustion gas exhaust adjustment part(44) of which the cross section area is increased gradually. As the combustion gas exhaust adjustment part(44) descends, the pressure applied to the environmental pollution in the combustion gas at the edges of the narrowed part(42) and the combustion gas outlet(43) is further increased, and the exhaust speed is also increased; meanwhile, as the combustion gas exhaust adjustment part(44) rises, the pressure applied to the environmental pollution of the combustion gas is decreased, and the exhaust speed is also decreased. In this way, the pressure and speed of the combustion gas to be exhausted is adjusted adequately by rising or descending of the combustion gas exhaust adjustment part(44).
Next, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat(101) according to the second embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the attached drawings.
The constitution of the combustion apparatus for recovering heat(101) according to the second embodiment of this invention is described only stating the differences from the first embodiment. As compared with the first embodiment, in the combustion apparatus(101) according to the second embodiment, an ash discharge chamber(19) is defined between the combustion chamber(11) and the swirl flow apply chamber(13) of the combustion tank(11), that is to say, the ash discharge chamber(19) is around the outer of the inner wall(12) in the combustion chamber(11), and an ash discharge hole(12c) is defined in the inner wall(12). To this constitution, a space wall(18) is defined between the inner wall(12) and the intermediate wall(14), the ash discharge chamber(19) is defined in the space between the inner wall(12) and the space wall(18), and the swirl flow apply chamber(13) is defined in the space between the space wall(18) and the intermediate wall(14). The ash discharge chamber(19) is designed to discharge ash raised by the swirl flow in the combustion chamber(11) to the exterior, and the lower of the ash discharge chamber(19) is communicated with the upper of the ash discharge collection tank(52). Relatively large sized ash among ashes generated after the combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber(11) remains on the upper of the rotation type grate(17), and is discharged through the ash outlet(51) after moving to the edge of the rotation type grate(17); meanwhile the corpuscular ash of light weight is raised by the swirl flow generated in the combustion chamber(11). At this time, the raising corpuscular ash is rotated along the inner wall(12) of the combustion chamber(11) by the centrifugal force, and is flowed into the ash discharge chamber(19) through the ash discharge hole(12c) defined in the inner wall(12), and then is discharged to the exterior through the ash discharge part(50).
Furthermore, a combustion air supply nozzle(12b) for supplying combustion air from the swirl flow supply chamber(13) to the combustion chamber(11) is located between the swirl flow apply chamber(13) and the combustion chamber(11). One end of the combustion air supply nozzle(12b) is communicated with the swirl flow supply chamber(13) and is located on the space wall(18), and the other end is communicated with the combustion chamber(11) and is located on the inner wall(12), therefore, the combustion air is supplied from the swirl flow supply chamber(13) through the combustion air supply nozzle(12a) into the combustion chamber(11). In this constitution, since the combustion air supply nozzle(12b) is also slanted to the vertical direction(radial direction) of the inner face of the inner wall(12) in the combustion chamber(11) at a predetermined angle(α), a swirl flow for swirling the combustion air in the combustion chamber(11) may be generated. It is preferable that the angle(α) of the combustion air supply nozzle(12b) slanted to the vertical direction of the inner face of the inner wall is from 45 to 80 degrees.
Therefore, since the combustion apparatus for recovering heat(101) according to the second embodiment of this invention is designed to define the ash discharge chamber(19) around the outer of the inner wall(12) of the combustion chamber(11), as though the corpuscular ash is raised by the swirl flow, the corpuscular ash may be discharged through the ash discharge chamber(19) to the exterior, and, in addition to the ash, the corpuscular material such as dust and the like generated after the combustion of the solid fuel is discharged through the ash discharge hole(12c) to the ash discharge chamber(19), therefore, it is advantageous that the generation of environmental pollution discharged through the combustion gas exhausting tube(40) is reduced.
The remaining functions and operation of the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the detailed description thereof is abbreviated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat using the solid fuel is described above, the combustion apparatus for recovering heat of this invention is not limited to only the solid fuel and may be applied to gas fuel and liquid fuel, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2007-0117458 | Nov 2007 | KR | national |
