Patent Application
20160010868
The present disclosure relates to turbine engines, and in particular to cans in turbine engines. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to crossover tubes that are used to interconnect the cans within the turbine engine.
Gas turbine engines are used to power aircraft, watercraft, power generators, pumps and the like. Gas turbine engines typically include a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine. The compressor compresses air drawn into the engine and delivers high pressure air to the combustor. The combustor is typically an assembly that receives the high pressure air from the compressor and adds fuel to the air which is burned to produce hot, high-pressure gas. After burning the fuel, the hot, high-pressure gas is passed from the combustor to the turbine. The turbine extracts work from the hot, high-pressure gas to drive the compressor and residual energy is used for propulsion or to drive an output shaft.
Certain combustor assemblies used in turbine engines include a series of cans arranged around an axis of engine rotation and interconnected by crossover tubes that form passageways between the cans. Each can defines a combustion chamber in which a fuel-air mixture is burned. Burning fuel-air mixture passes through the passageways formed by the crossover tubes to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the adjacent cans.
The present disclosure may comprise one or more of the following features and combinations thereof.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a combustor assembly for use with a turbine engine may include a plurality of cans arranged in a circular pattern and a plurality of crossover tube assemblies used to interconnect the cans. Each can may define a combustion chamber and may include at least two crossover ports opening into the combustion chamber. The plurality of crossover tube assemblies may interconnect the cans at the location of the crossover ports.
In some embodiments, the crossover tube assemblies may each include a crossover tube provided with an annular side wall having a pair of ends and an annular flange that extends radially outwardly from the annular sidewall. A portion of the annular sidewall may be adapted to be positioned within the crossover port of at least one can. The crossover tube assemblies may each also include a biasing member positioned around a portion the crossover tube and adapted to engage the annular flange.
In some embodiments, the crossover tube may include an outer member having the annular sidewall and the flange coupled to one of the ends. The flange may have first and second faces. The crossover tube may also include an inner member having an annular sleeve member, an annular sidewall and a second flange positioned between the annular sleeve member and the annular sidewall of the inner member. The second flange of the inner member may have first and second faces.
In some embodiments, the biasing member may be positioned between the flanges. The inner member may be configured to move collinearly with respect to the outer member and the biasing member may be adapted to bias the flanges away from each other.
In some embodiments, the annular sidewall of the outer member has an inner diameter D1 and the annular sleeve member of the inner member has an outer diameter D3. The diameter D1 may be greater than the diameter D3.
In some embodiments, the annular sidewall of the inner member has an outer diameter D4. The diameter D4 may be greater than diameter D3. The annular sidewall of the outer member has an outer diameter D2 and the diameter D4 may be equal to diameter D2.
In some embodiments, the annular side wall of the crossover tubes may form a passageway between cans such that combustion gases travel from one can, through the passageway of the crossover tube, and to a second can. The biasing member may be located external to the passageway such that combustion gasses traveling through the passageway do not directly contact the biasing member.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a crossover tube for use with a can of a turbine engine is taught. The crossover tube may include an outer member and an inner member. The outer member may have an annular sidewall with first and second ends and a first flange coupled to one of the ends. The first flange may have first and second faces. The inner member may have an annular sleeve member, an annular sidewall and a second flange positioned between the annular sleeve member and the annular sidewall of the inner member. The second flange of the inner member may have first and second faces.
In some embodiments, the crossover tube may include a biasing member. The biasing member may be positioned around the annular sleeve member and between the first and second flanges. The biasing member may be adapted to engage a face of the first and second flanges. The inner member may be configured to move collinearly with respect to the outer member and the biasing member may be adapted to bias the first flange away from the second flange.
In some embodiments, the annular sidewall of the outer member has an inner diameter D1 and the annular sleeve member of the inner member has an outer diameter D3. The diameter D1 may be greater than the diameter D3.
In some embodiments, the annular sidewall of the inner member has an outer diameter D4. The diameter D4 may be greater than diameter D3. The annular sidewall of the outer member has an outer diameter D2 and the diameter D4 may be equal to diameter D2.
In some embodiments, the annular sleeve member of the inner member may be adapted to slide within the annular sidewall of the outer member. The biasing member may be in the form of a wave spring that is adapted to be positioned over the annular sleeve member of the inner member of the crossover tube. The wave spring may be adapted to engage the first and second flanges.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a turbine engine may include a plurality of cans and a plurality of crossover tubes. The plurality of cans may be arranged in a circular pattern. Each can may include at least two crossover ports that allow for the ingress and egress of combustion gasses. The plurality of crossover tubes may be adapted to be coupled to the crossover ports to interconnect the cans. The crossover tubes may include an annular side wall having a pair of ends and an annular flange that extends radially outwardly from the annular side wall. A portion of the annular sidewall may be adapted to be positioned within the crossover ports of adjacent cans.
In some embodiments, the crossover tubes may each include a biasing member positioned around a portion the annular side wall and adapted to engage the annular flange. The crossover tubes may each include an outer member having an annular sidewall with first and second ends and the flange coupled to one of the ends. The flange may have first and second faces
In some embodiments, the crossover tubes may each also include an inner member having an annular sleeve member, an annular sidewall and a second flange positioned between the annular sleeve member and the annular sidewall of the inner member. The second flange of the inner member may have first and second faces. The biasing member may be positioned between the flanges
These and other features of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of the illustrative embodiments.
The detailed description particularly refers to the accompanying figures in which:
The arrangement of an illustrative combustor assembly 140 in a gas turbine engine 110 is shown in
The combustor assembly 140 is of the can-type and includes a number of individual cans 12 and a number of crossover tubes 10 as shown in
Cans 12 are self-contained cylindrical combustion chambers, as shown, for example, in
Crossover tubes 10 are adapted to interconnect cans 12, as shown in
Annular sidewall 20 of crossover ferrule 18 is coupled to the side wall 14 of the can 12 at a first end 24 and to annular flange 22 at a second end 26. Annular sidewall 20 includes an inside surface 28 and an outside surface 30 that is greater than the inside surface 28. Inside surface 28 is positioned against a portion of crossover tube 10 when crossover tube 10 is positioned within crossover ferrule 18 during assembly.
Annular flange 22 of crossover ferrules 18 are relatively planar and include a first face 32 and an opposing second face 34. First face 32 faces towards can 12 and is coupled to annular sidewall 20. Second face 32 of annular flange 22 faces away from can 12 and forms an engagement surface for at least a portion of crossover tubes 10. Second face 34 of annular flange 22 faces the second face 34 of an annular flange 22 of an adjacent can 12.
Crossover tube 10 includes an assembly of components as shown, for example, in
Outer member 36 of crossover tube 10 includes an annular side wall 42, as shown in
Outer member 36 of crossover tube 10 also includes an annular flange 52 that is coupled to the second end 46 of annular side wall 42. Annular flange 52 extends radially outwardly from outer surface 50 of annular side wall 42 and includes a first face 54 and a spaced apart second face 56. Second face 56 of annular flange 52 is adapted to engage biasing member 40 to provide a support surface for biasing member 40. Outer member 36 of crossover tube 10 is preferably machined as a single piece and preferably made from a high temperature metal alloy such as a nickel based cobalt alloy or other alloys that exhibit good high temperature and wear resistance.
Inner member 38 of crossover tube 10 is configured to telescopingly engage outer member 36 and both are adapted to move collinearly with respect to each other. Inner member 38 includes an annular sleeve member 58, an annular side wall 60 and an annular flange 62 positioned between sleeve member 58 and annular side wall 60. Sleeve member 58 is adapted to be positioned within annular side wall 42 of outer member 36.
Annular sleeve member 58 of inner member 38 is tubular in shape and includes a first end 63 and a spaced apart second end 64, as shown in
Annular side wall 60 of inner member 38 includes a first end 70 and a spaced apart second end 72, as shown in
Annular flange 62 of inner member 38 is positioned between annular side wall 60 and sleeve member 58, as shown in
Biasing member 40 is designed to allow for movement between inner member 38 and outer member 36 and maintains force against flanges 52, 62 to secure flanges 52, 62 against crossover ferrules 18. Biasing member 40 is in the form of a compression spring such as a coil spring and is preferably a single turn wave spring or a nested wave spring.
A wave spring, also known as a coiled wave spring, a disc spring, or a scrowave spring, is a spring made from pre-hardened flat wire in a process called, on-edge-coiling, also known as edge winding. During this process, waves are added to give it a spring effect. The number of turns and waves can be adjusted to accommodate stronger force.
A wave spring has the following advantages over a traditional coiled spring or a washer. The axial space can be reduced by 50% versus a coil spring. As a result, an overall size of the crossover tube assembly becomes smaller and thus significant weight reduction. Further, the load in an axial direction is 100% transferable.
Use of a wave spring as a biasing member allows the crossover tube assembly 10 to accommodate higher thrust load within the limited axial space as only elements such as the size of the wire, the number of waves, the height of waves, and the number of turns need to be adjusted to accommodate such high thrust loads. Biasing member 40 is preferably made from a nickel based alloy or a stainless alloy for heat resistance. Location of biasing member 40 with respect to outer and inner members 36, 38 protect biasing member 40 from hot combustion gasses. The reduction in heat exposure significantly increases the life of biasing member 40 and reduces metal fatigue.
In another embodiment, crossover tube 81 can be a one piece design, as shown in
Annular flange 86 of crossover tube 81, includes a first face 92 and a spaced apart second face 94. When assembled with can 12, first annular side wall section 82 is positioned within a first ferrule 18 of a first can 12 and second annular side wall section 84 is positioned within a second ferrule 18 of a second can 12, as shown, for example in
Both crossover tube designs 10, 81 make assembling the cans 12 easier. This is because biasing member 40 of crossover tube compensates for errors in manufacturing tolerances in the cans 12 and ferrules 18 so that spacer washers do not need to be used to take up any unwanted gaps between annular flanges 22 of adjacent ferrules 18. Also, during operation of the engine, heat expansion of the metal and vibration caused by engine operation is absorbed by the crossover tubes and biasing member 40, which reduces wear to cans 12 and ferrules 18. The crossover tube design also controls airflow leakage at the crossover interface between cans 12.
While the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in the foregoing drawings and description, the same is to be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only illustrative embodiments thereof have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the disclosure are desired to be protected.
This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/011,732, filed 13 Jun. 2014, the disclosure of which is now expressly incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62011732 | Jun 2014 | US |
