Patent Application
20050177299
The present invention relates generally to electronic management modules and, more particularly, to those used with internal combustion engines of recreational products.
The electrical operations of an internal combustion engine are, for the most part, controlled by an electronic control unit, hereinafter, an ECU. The ECU includes a wide variety of the electrical controls necessary to operate an engine. These controls can monitor and control various aspects of engine operation including ignition, engine timing, emission systems, air and fuel systems, and temperature sensors, to name but a few.
Depending on engine performance, emission control requires more and more circuitry and/or controls on board such as ECUs. Additionally, advancements in electronic technologies have resulted in increased processing capabilities. As such, ECUs have advanced to control, regulate, and monitor more and more engine systems and properties. However, there remain some engine systems that the ECU is not suited to independently control and regulate, such as high voltage systems requiring voltage regulation.
Modern engines have a variety of needs that can benefit from a high voltage operating environment. While it is possible to provide these higher level voltages, such increased operating voltages cannot always be readily utilized by some engine components and, therefore, regulation and conditioning is required before being delivered to various engine systems. Furthermore, different engine components and systems may have different power consumption requirements and ideal power ranges within which the components and systems operate most efficiently. As such, it is often advantageous to include multiple power or voltage regulators/conditioners such that an ideal power with an ideal voltage is delivered to each of the various engine components and systems.
However, the recreational products industry is one in which size, packaging, and weight are all at the forefront of the design process. As such, having separate devices located at different locations is not just time consuming to install and wire, it reduces available space and increases overall cost. Therefore, having an ECU and various power regulators/conditioners separately mounted and wired throughout the engine is contrary to these objectives.
Additionally, it is ideal that the ECU and the power or voltage regulators/conditioners be disposed within a housing to protect the electrical components from the operating environment. However, the housings, while necessary to protect the components, adds to the size of the ECU and each power or voltage regulator/conditioner. Again, this serves contrary to the objective of minimizing the size, packaging, and weight of the recreational product engine.
It would therefore be desirable to have system whereby the ECU and power or voltage regulator/conditioner requirements of a recreational product are combined. Furthermore, it would be desirable that these requirements be met while minimizing the size, packaging, and weight of the recreational product.
The present invention provides a system that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks. The present invention provides a common circuit board engine control unit (ECU) and power and/or voltage regulator/conditioner. The circuit board ECU and power and/or voltage regulator/conditioner are secured within a single housing to form a compact engine management module (EMM) that meets the objectives of stringent size, packaging, and weight requirements of modern recreational products.
Therefore, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a control unit assembly is disclosed that includes a housing, at least one processor to control operation of an engine, and a voltage regulator configured to regulate a voltage of at least one rail of the engine. The at least one processing unit and the voltage regulator reside on a common circuit board.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an engine management module (EMM) is disclosed that includes an engine control unit (ECU) mounted on a circuit board and configured to control a plurality of systems of a recreational product engine and a voltage regulator mounted on the circuit board and configured to regulate a voltage supplied to at least a number of the plurality of systems of the recreational product engine.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an outboard motor is disclosed that includes a powerhead having a combustion engine, a midsection configured for mounting the outboard motor to a watercraft, and a lower unit powered by the combustion engine to propel a watercraft and an EMM assembly. The EMM assembly includes a circuit board, at least one processor controlling engine operation attached to the circuit board, and at least one voltage regulator attached to the circuit board.
Various other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will be made apparent from the following detailed description and the drawings.
The drawings illustrate one preferred embodiment presently contemplated for carrying out the invention.
In the drawings:
The present invention relates generally to electronic management modules (EMM), and preferably, those incorporated with internal combustion engines of outdoor recreational products.
EMM 14 is connected to a cooling loop 46 which circulates coolant into and through EMM 14. By providing a cooling loop 46 through EMM 14, EMM 14 can support electrical components which previously generated too much heat to be incorporated into the EMM 14. As such, more of the electrical controls of an engine can be incorporated in a single component. Additionally, cooling loop 46 could circulate coolant from a closed loop cooling system of engine 12 or independent therefrom, such as directly from a body of open water. Furthermore, the cooling flow through cooling loop 46 need not be limited to the water systems of the engine but could also in constructed to be in fluid communication with an oil or fuel system of the engine.
While the present invention is shown as being incorporated into a two-cycle engine of an outboard motor, the present invention is equally applicable with other engines and other recreational products, some of which include inboard motors, snowmobiles, personal watercrafts, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), motorcycles, mopeds, power scooters, and the like.
It is understood that within the context of this application, the term “recreational product” is intended to define products incorporating an internal combustion engine that are not considered a part of the automotive industry. Within the context of this invention, the automotive industry is not believed to be particularly relevant in that the needs and wants of the consumer are radically different between the recreational products industry and the automotive industry. As is readily apparent, the recreational products industry is one in which size, packaging, and weight are all at the forefront of the design process, and while these factors may be somewhat important in the automotive industry, it is quite clear that these criteria take a back seat to many other factors, as evidenced by the proliferation of larger highway vehicles, such as sports utility vehicles (SUV).
An inlet connector 60 extends through cover 54 and an outlet connector 62 extends through housing 48. Inlet and outlet couplers 60, 62 allow the coolant path to continually circulate coolant through EMM 14 during operation of the recreational product. As such, electrical components secured within housing 48 are protected from the atmosphere the engine is operated in while also providing adequate cooling of the components therein. A plurality of mounting bosses 64 extend from housing 48 and are constructed to secure EMM 14 to an engine. Connectors 60, 62 are constructed to be quickly attached to a hose (not shown) such that EMM 14 can be mounted directly to an engine or just as easily in close proximity thereto.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment, heat sink 82 is attached to common circuit board 66 transverse to a longitudinal length 83 of common circuit board 66 so as to run between ECU 68 and voltage regulator 80. Heat sink 82 serves to cool components of both ECU 68 and voltage regulator 80.
ECU 68 includes at least one processor having a plurality of control maps as well as a plurality of electrical components to monitor and control engine operation. Preferably, ECU 68 monitors and controls engine systems such as an ignition system, a fuel injection system, an oil system, a cooling system, a diagnostic system, a shift control system, an exhaust valve drive system, a water injection system, an alternator charging system a battery charge system, and the like.
Voltage regulator 80 is configured to regulate and condition power delivered to a plurality of engine components. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, voltage regulator 80 includes a buck converter that is configured to regulate a voltage of an internal rail (not shown) of the engine. The term rail voltage is one used to simply differentiate between different voltages in a system For example, is contemplated that voltage regulator 80 may be configured to receive a high voltage of a first rail, preferably 55 volts DC, and deliver a lower charging voltage, say 12-14 volts DC, to a second rail to charge a battery configuration.
Voltage regulator 80 includes a plurality of highly thermal power components such as a switching regulator 84 and a DC/DC converter 86 in thermal communication with heat sink 82. It is understood that these specific components 84, 86 in thermal communication with heat sink 82 are by way of example only, and additional or substitute components are contemplated. Furthermore, voltage regulator 80 may include any of those electrical components of the EMM that perform power regulation and conditioning. Voltage regulator 80 also includes a plurality of less thermally active components 87 that operate at a lower temperature than the highly thermal components 84, 86 and do not require active cooling. Therefore, these components reside on circuit board 66 at positions removed from heat sink 82.
Similarly, ECU 68 includes a plurality of highly thermal components such as the control circuitry for a fuel injection drive power circuitry 88 and an ignition distribution SCR 90, which are in thermal communication with heat sink 82. Again, it is understood that these specific components 88, 90 that are in thermal communication with heat sink 82, are by way of example only, and additional or substitute components are contemplated. ECU 68 may include any of those electrical components of the EMM that perform control operations. Additionally, ECU 68 includes a plurality of less thermally active components 91 that operate at a lower temperature than highly thermal components 88, 90 and, therefore, reside on circuit board 66 at positions removed from heat sink 82.
It is understood that while the drawings show a preferred embodiment, the components of each circuit may be located at various different locations and may be intermixed between circuits or may cross over the heat sink.
A first clip 96 spans over sink 82, switching regulator 84, and fuel injection drive power circuitry 88 and is constructed to bias both switching regulator 84 and fuel injection drive power circuitry 88 into thermal engagement with heat sink 82. In much the same way, a second clip 98 biases DC/DC converter 86 and ignition distribution SCR 90 into thermal engagement with heat sink 82. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, first clip 96 and second clip 98 are spring clips. This arrangement ensures that the components of ECU 68 and voltage regulator 80, while isolated from one another, are each cooled by a flow of coolant through heat sink 82. As such, excess heat generated by the highly thermal components 84, 86, 88, 90 of ECU 68 and voltage regulator 80 is removed from the EMM 14 before it can thermally pollute EMM assembly 50, or other individual components thereon, such as less thermally active components 87, 91.
Therefore, EMM 14 of the present invention is constructed to incorporate ECU 68 and voltage regulator 80 on common circuit board 66. Furthermore, EMM 14 is configured to receive an extruded heat sink 82. Some of the components of the EMM 14 are maintained in thermal communication 84, 86, 88, 90 with the extruded heat sink 82 whereas other components are separated therefrom 87, 91. Such a construction forms an EMM assembly 50 that is more inclusive of the electrical components of the engine and meets the stringent size, packaging, and weight requirements of modern recreational products.
Therefore, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a control unit assembly includes a housing, at least one processor to control operation of an engine, and a voltage regulator configured to regulate a voltage of at least one rail of the engine. The at least one processing unit and the voltage regulator reside on a common circuit board.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an EMM includes an ECU mounted on a circuit board and configured to control a plurality of systems of a recreational product engine and a voltage regulator mounted on the circuit board and configured to regulate a voltage supplied to at least a number of the plurality of systems of the recreational product engine.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an outboard motor includes a powerhead having a combustion engine, a midsection configured for mounting the outboard motor to a watercraft, and a lower unit powered by the combustion engine to propel a watercraft and an EMM assembly. The EMM assembly includes a circuit board, at least one processor controlling engine operation attached to the circuit board, and at least one voltage regulator attached to the circuit board.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, and it is recognized that equivalents, alternatives, and modifications, aside from those expressly stated, are possible and within the scope of the appending claims.
