Virtual reality (VR) devices can enable a user to explore, interact, and play in a variety of virtual or non-real (e.g., fantasy or sci-fi) environments from the safety and comfort of their own home. Current technologies enable a user to immerse these senses within a virtual reality environment as their eyes, ears, and sometimes even touch senses are stimulated by a VR controller stemming from the virtual reality environment. However, not all users can afford to completely immerse themselves in a virtual world and instead may wish to share their virtual world experience or communicate with users who are not in the same virtual world. Currently, users of virtual reality devices may have to end their immersion in the virtual world in order to communicate with other people. For example, a user may remove a virtual reality device from their face in order to access a mobile phone to call another user in the real world. Further, users of virtual reality devices may find it difficult to share their virtual world experiences with users who are utilizing different devices such as laptop computers or mobile devices.
Various embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings, in which:
In the following description, various embodiments will be described. For purposes of explanation, specific configurations and details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without the specific details. Furthermore, well-known features may be omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the embodiment being described.
Techniques described herein provide for implementation of a communication feature that enables a user utilizing a communication session of a virtual reality device to share content of a virtual reality environment and/or communicate with other users who are not currently in the same virtual reality environment. In embodiments, the other users of the communication session may be utilizing other computing devices (e.g., non-virtual reality devices) that lack the device capabilities to display a virtual reality environment yet are still able to transmit content utilizing other communication platforms such as a short message service (SMS) text message. The communication feature (e.g., communication sessions) may include identifying a communication platform that is appropriate for communicating content that is shared to the communication session. The content may be transformed to the identified communication platform such that the content can be consumed by various devices being utilized by the participants of the communication session. For example, the content may be transformed from a first data type to a second data type where the first data type was incapable of being processed or displayed by each user device associated with the users participating in a communication session. As used herein, a communication platform includes a content type and/or media type associated with a communication intended to be shared to a communication session that can be properly consumed by a device supporting the communication platform. For example, a mobile phone may support communication platforms of SMS text messaging, static images, or audio files, but is incapable of supporting a communication platform of live streaming virtual reality environments. Communications or content provided to the communication session may be transformed or altered to a different media type or degraded to a simpler media type that enables the various users using different computing devices to still participate and consume the content included in the communication session.
Communications or content provided to the communication session may be transformed to a data object of a different media type such that the content of the data object may be properly consumed, interacted with, or viewed by a user of the communication session. For example, a data object of an image or movie may be generated and provided to the user of a virtual reality device such that the data object is presented within the virtual reality environment thereby enabling the user to remain immersed in the virtual reality environment. Similarly, the user of the virtual reality device can provide input, either in the virtual reality environment or the real world, to initiate a communication session, identify parties to join the communication session, and communicate content such as an audio clip of their voice or a live stream of their virtual reality environment to the communication session. For example, a user may engage in certain gestures within the real world and/or virtual environment to initiate a communication session, such as by interacting with a user interface presented in the virtual world or providing audio commands such as “start a communication session” that is received by a corresponding microphone. A corresponding virtual reality device of the user or a server computer configured to implement the communication features described herein may maintain the communication session, identify appropriate communication platforms, transform the content, and transmit the content to the user devices of participants of the communication session. Thus, the user is able to maintain the immersion of the virtual reality environment while still being able to communicate with users in the real world or other virtual reality environments without having to remove or disconnect from the virtual reality device.
In accordance with at least one embodiment, the communication features described herein include maintaining a communication session such that participants may leave and join the communication session and consume content provided to the communication session using different devices. For example, a first user may have intended to share a live stream of a virtual reality environment to the communication session. Another user who is participating in the communication session may be utilizing a mobile device incapable of streaming the virtual reality environment and instead may be presented with a still image or picture of the virtual reality environment. At a later time, the same user may switch devices from the mobile device to a desktop computer. The user may use the desktop computer to interact with the communication session and browse to content that was previously incapable of being consumed in the original intended format (i.e., the live stream of the virtual reality environment). The communication session may archive or maintain the original content form or media type shared by the virtual reality user such that users may consume the same content in a different media type format as they transition computing devices while still participating in a communication session. Timestamp information may also be provided for each communication shared to the communication session for easier browsing and searching by users of the communication session. For example, when transitioning user devices the users may use the timestamp information to search for particular communications in an attempt to consume communications in the intended or originally shared format. In embodiments, the communication features described herein include associating and maintaining one or more user preferences for a communication session that identify a preferred communication platform for the system to utilize when communicating content to a user device associated with a user. In embodiments, a user may be queried or provide input that indicates a communication platform for the system to utilize prior to communicating the content in a communication session. For example, a user may indicate that all incoming content no matter the original media type or file type should be transformed or degraded to another communication platform such as text messages, audio clips, or video formats.
In accordance with at least one embodiment, the communication features described herein include determining or identifying an appropriate communication platform to share content or communications provided to a communication session based on the type of content provided and the device capabilities of participating users. Users of the communication session may be queried for their device capabilities obtained based on previous communications to the communication session, or otherwise identified using device information such as device identifiers or application identifiers to determine an appropriate communication platform. In some cases no transformation may be necessary as a communication content type may be able to be shared as-is to each user device of the communication session. For example, an SMS text message may be easily consumed by all participating user devices of users in the communication session. In other use cases, content may be transformed multiple times into different data objects based on the user devices of participating users in an attempt to best properly share the communication provided in the communication session. For example, a live stream of a virtual reality environment may be transformed into a short video clip for one user, an audio only clip for another user, and a still image for yet another user based on their respective device capabilities.
As an illustrative case, a user using a virtual reality device may be exploring a virtual reality environment meant to represent a large jungle park infested by dinosaurs that have escaped their cages. The user may wish to share this experience with several of their friends. The user may provide an audio command such as “share this experience with Joey, Chandler, and Ross.” The audio command may be obtained by a microphone of the virtual reality device or an external input device such as an external microphone in communication with the virtual reality device. In response to the command, the virtual reality device may initiate a communication session and invite the intended users to the communication session. A data object of a live stream of the virtual reality environment jungle park may be generated and shared to the communication session. Subsequently, as the other users join the communication session, device information of devices used by the other users may be obtained by the communication feature implemented by the virtual reality device and used to transform the data object into additional data objects of different media types. For example, Joey may be utilizing a mobile phone that can present a video clip but not an entire live stream of a virtual reality environment, whereas Chandler is using a desktop computer that can easily consume the live stream data object so no transformation is necessary. The data object of the live stream of the virtual reality environment may be transformed and provided to Joey, Chandler, and Ross using the appropriate communication platforms thereby enabling all the users of the communication session to consume the content to the best of the device capabilities.
The processes and systems described herein may be an improvement on conventional virtual reality devices and communications to and from virtual reality devices and/or virtual reality environments presented therein. For example, conventional virtual reality devices may lack the capability for enabling the user interacting with a virtual reality environment presented in the virtual reality device to communicate with others users using different computer devices whether sending or receiving communications. Further, conventional virtual reality devices and communication platforms may lack the capacity to determine an appropriate communication platform best suited for sharing the content or communication shared in a communication session. For example, systems and methods described herein determine an appropriate communication platform and media type to transform content to or from in order to enable users utilizing different computer devices to participate in the communication session and consume the shared content in some form. The improvements described herein can enable users of virtual reality devices to maintain the immersion obtained by interacting with a virtual reality environment while still being able to communicate with other users in other virtual reality environments or the real world.
The workflow 100 includes the virtual reality device 104 transmitting the communication from the VR device 116, via networks 118, to service provider computer(s) (service provider computer) 120. In embodiments, the service provider computer 120 may be configured to implement the communication features described herein including maintaining the communication session, determining an appropriate communication platform, and transforming the content from one media type to another which may include generating a new data object using data or information from another shared data object. Although
In embodiments, the transformation of the communication 122 may also be based on the content or content type associated with the communication from the VR device 116. For example, if the user devices 126 and 128 are capable of consuming the content included in the communication from the VR device 116 (i.e., the devices include capabilities to consume the content as is) then no transformation of the communication may occur. Instead, the service provider computer 120 may simply convey the content to the communication session which is presented to users 110 and 112 via user devices 126 and 128. The workflow 100 of
In accordance with at least one embodiment, responses from users 110 and 112 utilizing user devices 126 and 128 to the communication session may be generated into data objects that are incorporated into the virtual reality environment 106 for consumption, interaction, and viewing by user 102 using the virtual reality device 104. In embodiments, the data object may be intelligently placed or displayed to the user 102 in virtual reality environment 106 based on information from the virtual reality environment 106 itself, such as a state of the virtual reality environment or a user specified context of the virtual reality device/environment. For example, a state or user specified context of the virtual reality environment may indicate a certain mode of the environment such as a rest or home mode where communications from the communication session can take front and center view within the virtual reality environment. Yet another state or user specified context may indicate active input being provided by the user 102 identifying that the user is currently busy interacting with the environment, such as in the middle of a game (e.g., running away from a dinosaur), and the communications may be suppressed or displayed in an innocuous manner, such as in the corner of a heads up display (HUD).
As described herein, user devices 230 and 236 may be capable or contain device capabilities of viewing the video content 204 and thus no transformation may occur. However, devices 232 and 234 may be incapable of viewing such content such that when users 220 and 224 utilize devices 232 and 234 to interact or consume content 204 a transformation may occur to reduce, degrade, or transform the content to a different communication platform or media type capable of being consumed by the devices 232 and 234 (e.g., a static image derived from the video clip). In embodiments, a service provider computer implementing the communication features described herein may maintain or associate multiple content types or data objects for each communication provided to the communication session, including the original content type or data object. This is so that when users transition from a first computer device incapable of consuming the media type or content type originally intended by the communication provider to a second computer device capable of consuming the intended media type or content type the user may attempt to consume the content in the intended format. In embodiments, the service provider computer may archive communication sessions for later viewing, interaction, or participation by the users 216-226. In embodiments, the timestamps aid the user in browsing or searching through archived or on-going communication session to re-consume content or attempt to consume content in the intended media format or data type intended by the providing user. In embodiments, an external input device (such as a microphone communicatively coupled to the virtual reality device 228) or an input device associated with a user device such as front facing camera 240 of virtual reality device 228 may be utilized to capture or obtain input intended to be shared to the communication session 202. In accordance with at least one embodiment, the communications features described herein include generating a private or a public communication session. A private communication session may include certain entities and may be transitioned to a public communication session that includes more or different entities than originally intended in the private communication session. When a communication session transitions from a private communication session to a public communication session, newly joining users may be prohibited from viewing content shared in the previously private communication session but will have access to all content communicated to the session upon being transitioned to a public communication session. A user who initiates a communication session may provide input that designates a communication session as public or private.
The workflow 400 may include identifying a first communication platform to associate with the entity based on the device information at 418. For example, the service provider computer 404 may be configured to identify or determine an appropriate communication platform or content type to transform the first input for best proliferation or consumption by other parties in the communication session. Further, the service provider computer 404 may maintain and update associated communication platforms for each user device and user in the communication session for efficient transformations of content included in subsequent communications. In embodiments, determining the communication platform can be based on a type of content provided and the device information associated with the type of content. The workflow 400 can include receiving second input from the entity using a second device to participate in the communication session at 420. This is to illustrate a use case where the same user has transitioned from a first user device or computing device to a second and different user device or computing device with different device capabilities, whether they be increased or decreased device capabilities.
For example, a user may switch from utilizing a mobile device to participate in the communication session while they commute home from work to a desktop computer once they arrive home. The workflow 400 illustrates user 412 using user device 422 to transmit second input 424, via networks 408, to the service provider computer 404. The second input 424 may include updated device information associated with user device 422 to enable the service provider computer 404 to identify an appropriate communication platform to associate with the user 412. The workflow 400 may include identifying a second communication platform to associate with the entity based on updated device information at 426. For example, similar to the identifying of the first communication platform at 418, the second communication platform may be identified or determined by the service provider computer 404 based on the device information associated with the second input 424 and the content of the second input 424. In embodiments, the service provider computer 404 may be configured to update the communication session to associate the second communication platform with user 412 for use in efficiently transmitting subsequent communications to and from the communication session to the user 412 and user device 422.
Additionally, some, any, or all of the processes (or any other processes described herein, or variations and/or combination thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) executing collectively on one or more processors, by hardware or combinations thereof. As noted above, the code may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, for example, in the form of a computer program including a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors. The computer-readable storage medium may be non-transitory.
In some examples, service provider computer (service provider computers 120, 314, 404, and 714 and/or virtual reality device 102, 228, 304, 320, and 704) utilizing at least the communication module 730 depicted in
The process 500 may include initiating the communication session with the identified one or more entities based on the input at 504. For example, a notification in the form of an email, an application notification, a SMS text, or other suitable communication avenues may be utilized to invite users to the communication session. The notification may be configured to link or enable the user to join the communication session. The process 500 may include transforming a communication from the user from a first communication platform associated with the virtual reality device to a second communication platform based on the content of the communication at 506. In embodiments, the user of the virtual reality device may wish to share or stream the presented virtual reality environment, provide an image of the virtual reality environment, or merely provide a text message to the users of the communication session. However, depending on the device capabilities of the devices being utilized by the other users of the communication session and the content of the communication, an appropriate communication platform must be determined for each user so that each user can properly consume the communication.
The process 500 may include receiving a response from a particular entity of the communication session that includes device information about the device used to provide the response at 508. In embodiments, the process 500 may include determining an appropriate communication platform to associate with the particular entity for the communication session based on the content of the response and the device information at 510. By determining and associating a communication platform with each entity subsequent communications to and from the communication session can be made more efficient as the service provider computer and/or virtual reality device transform the communications or, generate new data objects that represent the communication for proper consumption by the various computing devices utilized by the users of the communication session. The process 500 may conclude at 512 by updating the communication session to enable subsequent communications from the user to the particular entity to be transformed to the appropriate communication platform. As described herein, based on the device information and the content type or media format associated with a particular communication, no transformation may be necessary to properly proliferate the communication to participating entities of the communication session.
The process 600 of
The process 600 of
The user devices 704 may include at least one memory 710 and one or more processing units or processor(s) 712. The memory 710 may store program instructions that are loadable and executable on the processor(s) 712, as well as data generated during the execution of these programs. Depending on the configuration and type of the user devices 704, the memory 710 may be volatile (such as random access memory (RAM)) and/or non-volatile (such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, etc.). The user devices 704 may also include additional removable storage and/or non-removable storage including, but not limited to, magnetic storage, optical disks, and/or tape storage. The disk drives and their associated non-transitory computer-readable media may provide non-volatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and other data for the user devices 704. In some implementations, the memory 710 may include multiple different types of memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), or ROM. The memory 710 may also include a communication module 730 configured to implement the transformation/generation of data objects representing communications and content provided to a communication session as well as identifying or determining an appropriate communication platform to communicate the transformed/generated data objects or communications for consumption by different user devices participating in the communication session. The user devices 704 may include input/output devices 713 configured to obtain input information such as video input information, audio input information, motion detection sensor input information, flight-of-time sensor information, and infrared information. The input information may be utilized by the communication module 730 to generate a communication such as a data object intended to be communicated and presented to the other users participating in a communication session as well as initiating the communication session as described herein.
Turning to the contents of the memory 710 in more detail, the memory 710 may include an operating system and one or more application programs or services for implementing the features disclosed herein. Additionally, the memory 710 may include one or more modules for implementing the features described herein including the communication module 730.
The architecture 700 may also include one or more service provider computers 714 that may, in some examples, provide computing resources such as, but not limited to, client entities, low latency data storage, durable data store, data access, management, virtualization, hosted computing environment or “cloud-based” solutions, electronic content performance management, etc. The service provider computers 714 may implement the communication features described herein, and implement or be an example of the service provider computer(s) 120, 314, and 404 of
In some examples, the networks 708 may include any one or a combination of many different types of networks, such as cable networks, the Internet, wireless networks, cellular networks, and other private and/or public networks. While the illustrated examples represents the users 702 communicating with the service provider computers 714 over the networks 708, the described techniques may equally apply in instances where the users 702 interact with the one or more service provider computers 714 via the one or more user devices 704 over a landline phone, via a kiosk, or in any other manner. It is also noted that the described techniques may apply in other client/server arrangements (e.g., set-top boxes, etc.), as well as in non-client/server arrangements (e.g., locally stored applications, peer-to-peer arrangements, etc.).
The one or more service provider computers 714 may be any type of computing devices such as, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a server computer, a thin-client device, a tablet PC, etc. Additionally, it should be noted that in some embodiments, the one or more service provider computers 714 may be executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in a hosted computing environment. The hosted computing environment may include one or more rapidly provisioned and released computing resources, which computing resources may include computing, networking, and/or storage devices. A hosted computing environment may also be referred to as a cloud computing environment or distributed computing environment. In some examples, the one or more service provider computers 714 may be in communication with the user device 704 via the networks 708, or via other network connections. The one or more service provider computers 714 may include one or more servers, perhaps arranged in a cluster or as individual servers not associated with one another.
In one illustrative configuration, the one or more service provider computers 714 may include at least one memory 716 and one or more processing units or processor(s) 718. The processor(s) 718 may be implemented as appropriate in hardware, computer-executable instructions, firmware, or combination thereof. Computer-executable instruction or firmware implementations of the processor(s) 718 may include computer-executable or machine-executable instructions written in any suitable programming language to perform the various functions described when executed by a hardware computing device, such as a processor. The memory 716 may store program instructions that are loadable and executable on the processor(s) 718, as well as data generated during the execution of these programs. Depending on the configuration and type of the one or more service provider computers 714, the memory 716 may be volatile (such as RAM) and/or non-volatile (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.). The one or more service provider computers 714 or servers may also include additional storage 720, which may include removable storage and/or non-removable storage. The additional storage 720 may include, but is not limited to, magnetic storage, optical disks and/or tape storage. The disk drives and their associated computer-readable media may provide non-volatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and other data for the computing devices. In some implementations, the memory 716 may include multiple different types of memory, such as SRAM, DRAM, or ROM.
The memory 716, the additional storage 720, both removable and non-removable, are all examples of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. For example, computer-readable storage media may include volatile or non-volatile, removable or non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. The memory 716 and the additional storage 720 are all examples of non-transitory computer storage media. Additional types of non-transitory computer storage media that may be present in the one or more service provider computers 714 may include, but are not limited to, PRAM, SRAM, DRAM, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, DVD, or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by the one or more service provider computers 714. Combinations of any of the above should also be included within the scope of non-transitory computer-readable media.
The one or more service provider computers 714 may also contain communication connection interface(s) 722 that allow the one or more service provider computers 714 to communicate with a data store, another computing device or server, user terminals, and/or other devices on the networks 708. The one or more service provider computers 714 may also include I/O device(s) 724, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a voice input device, a touch input device, a display, speakers, a printer, etc.
Turning to the contents of the memory 716 in more detail, the memory 716 may include an operating system 726, one or more data stores 728, and/or one or more application programs or services for implementing the features disclosed herein including the communication module 730. In accordance with at least one embodiment, the communication module 730 may be configured to at least obtain and/or receive input, representing content or communications, from one or more user devices 704 (such as a virtual reality device) for use in generating a data object and/or transforming a data object from one content type or media type format to another for proper transmittal and consumption by other users participating in a communication session and using different user devices 704 with different device capabilities.
The illustrative environment includes at least one application server 808 and a data store 810. It should be understood that there can be several application servers, layers, or other elements, processes, or components, which may be chained or otherwise configured, which can interact to perform tasks such as obtaining data from an appropriate data store. As used herein the term “data store” refers to any device or combination of devices capable of storing, accessing, and retrieving data, which may include any combination and number of data servers, databases, data storage devices, and data storage media, in any standard, distributed, or clustered environment. The application server can include any appropriate hardware and software for integrating with the data store as needed to execute aspects of one or more applications for the client device, handling a majority of the data access and business logic for an application. The application server provides access control services in cooperation with the data store and is able to generate content such as text, graphics, audio, and/or video to be transferred to the user, which may be served to the user by the Web server in the form of HyperText Markup Language (“HTML”), Extensible Markup Language (“XML”), or another appropriate structured language in this example. The handling of all requests and responses, as well as the delivery of content between the client device 802 and the application server 808, can be handled by the Web server. It should be understood that the Web and application servers are not required and are merely example components, as structured code discussed herein can be executed on any appropriate device or host machine as discussed elsewhere herein.
The data store 810 can include several separate data tables, databases or other data storage mechanisms and media for storing data relating to a particular aspect of the current disclosure. For example, the data store illustrated includes mechanisms for storing archived communication sessions 812 and user preferences 816, which can be used to serve content for the production side or to enable access by users to communication sessions which they have previously participated in or were invited to join. Further, the user preferences 816 can be utilized by the service provider computers or web server 806 and application server 808 to identify an appropriate communication platform to share content from a communication session. The data store also is shown to include a mechanism for storing data objects 814, which can be used for transforming communications and content shared in a communication session such that users participating in the communication session can attempt to consume the content of a communication in some form. It should be understood that there can be many other aspects that may need to be stored in the data store, such as for page image information and to access right information, which can be stored in any of the above listed mechanisms as appropriate or in additional mechanisms in the data store 810. The data store 810 is operable, through logic associated therewith, to receive instructions from the application server 808 and obtain, update or otherwise process data in response thereto. In one example, a user might submit a search request for a certain type of item. In this case, the data store might access the user information to verify the identity of the user and can access the catalog detail information to obtain information about items of that type. The information then can be returned to the user, such as in a results listing on a Web page that the user is able to view via a browser on the user device 802. Information for a particular item of interest can be viewed in a dedicated page or window of the browser.
Each server typically will include an operating system that provides executable program instructions for the general administration and operation of that server and typically will include a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a hard disk, random access memory, read only memory, etc.) storing instructions that, when executed by a processor of the server, allow the server to perform its intended functions. Suitable implementations for the operating system and general functionality of the servers are known or commercially available and are readily implemented by persons having ordinary skill in the art, particularly in light of the disclosure herein.
The environment in one embodiment is a distributed computing environment utilizing several computer systems and components that are interconnected via communication links, using one or more computer networks or direct connections. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that such a system could operate equally well in a system having fewer or a greater number of components than are illustrated in
The various embodiments further can be implemented in a wide variety of operating environments, which in some cases can include one or more user computers, computing devices or processing devices which can be used to operate any of a number of applications. User or client devices can include any of a number of general purpose personal computers, such as desktop or laptop computers running a standard operating system, as well as cellular, wireless, and handheld devices running mobile software and capable of supporting a number of networking and messaging protocols. Such a system also can include a number of workstations running any of a variety of commercially-available operating systems and other known applications for purposes such as development and database management. These devices also can include other electronic devices, such as dummy terminals, thin-clients, gaming systems, and other devices capable of communicating via a network.
Most embodiments utilize at least one network that would be familiar to those skilled in the art for supporting communications using any of a variety of commercially-available protocols, such as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (“TCP/IP”), Open System Interconnection (“OSI”), File Transfer Protocol (“FTP”), Universal Plug and Play (“UpnP”), Network File System (“NFS”), Common Internet File System (“CIFS”), and AppleTalk. The network can be, for example, a local area network, a wide-area network, a virtual private network, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a public switched telephone network, an infrared network, a wireless network, and any combination thereof.
In embodiments utilizing a Web server, the Web server can run any of a variety of server or mid-tier applications, including Hypertext Transfer Protocol (“HTTP”) servers, FTP servers, Common Gateway Interface (“CGI”) servers, data servers, Java servers, and business application servers. The server(s) also may be capable of executing programs or scripts in response to requests from user devices, such as by executing one or more Web applications that may be implemented as one or more scripts or programs written in any programming language, such as Java®, C, C#, or C++, or any scripting language, such as Perl, Python, or TCL, as well as combinations thereof. The server(s) may also include database servers, including without limitation those commercially available from Oracle®, Microsoft®, Sybase®, and IBM®.
The environment can include a variety of data stores and other memory and storage media as discussed above. These can reside in a variety of locations, such as on a storage medium local to (and/or resident in) one or more of the computers or remote from any or all of the computers across the network. In a particular set of embodiments, the information may reside in a storage-area network (“SAN”) familiar to those skilled in the art. Similarly, any necessary files for performing the functions attributed to the computers, servers, or other network devices may be stored locally and/or remotely, as appropriate. Where a system includes computerized devices, each such device can include hardware elements that may be electrically coupled via a bus, the elements including, for example, at least one central processing unit (“CPU”), at least one input device (e.g., a mouse, keyboard, controller, touch screen, or keypad), and at least one output device (e.g., a display device, printer, or speaker). Such a system may also include one or more storage devices, such as disk drives, optical storage devices, and solid-state storage devices such as random access memory (“RAM”) or read-only memory (“ROM”), as well as removable media devices, memory cards, flash cards, etc.
Such devices also can include a computer-readable storage media reader, a communications device (e.g., a modem, a network card (wireless or wired)), an infrared communication device, etc.), and working memory as described above. The computer-readable storage media reader can be connected with, or configured to receive, a computer-readable storage medium, representing remote, local, fixed, and/or removable storage devices as well as storage media for temporarily and/or more permanently containing, storing, transmitting, and retrieving computer-readable information. The system and various devices also typically will include a number of software applications, modules, services, or other elements located within at least one working memory device, including an operating system and application programs, such as a client application or Web browser. It should be appreciated that alternate embodiments may have numerous variations from that described above. For example, customized hardware might also be used and/or particular elements might be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software, such as applets), or both. Further, connection to other computing devices such as network input/output devices may be employed.
Storage media computer readable media for containing code, or portions of code, can include any appropriate media known or used in the art, including storage media and communication media, such as but not limited to volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage and/or transmission of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data, including RAM, ROM, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (“EEPROM”), flash memory or other memory technology, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (“CD-ROM”), digital versatile disk (DVD), or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a system device. Based on the disclosure and teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other ways and/or methods to implement the various embodiments.
The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereunto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the claims.
Other variations are within the spirit of the present disclosure. Thus, while the disclosed techniques are susceptible to various modifications and alternative constructions, certain illustrated embodiments thereof are shown in the drawings and have been described above in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention to limit the disclosure to the specific form or forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the disclosure, as defined in the appended claims.
The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the disclosed embodiments (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The terms “comprising,” “having,” “including,” and “containing” are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning “including, but not limited to,”) unless otherwise noted. The term “connected” is to be construed as partly or wholly contained within, attached to, or joined together, even if there is something intervening. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the disclosure and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the disclosure unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the disclosure.
Disjunctive language such as the phrase “at least one of X, Y, or Z,” unless specifically stated otherwise, is intended to be understood within the context as used in general to present that an item, term, etc., may be either X, Y, or Z, or any combination thereof (e.g., X, Y, and/or Z). Thus, such disjunctive language is not generally intended to, and should not, imply that certain embodiments require at least one of X, at least one of Y, or at least one of Z to each be present.
Preferred embodiments of this disclosure are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the disclosure. Variations of those preferred embodiments may become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventors expect skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate and the inventors intend for the disclosure to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this disclosure includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the disclosure unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.
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