Patent Application
20220046477
The present disclosure relates to a communication device, a communication method, a program, and a communication system.
Wireless access schemes and wireless networks for cellular mobile communication (hereafter, also referred to as “Long Term Evolution (LTE)”, “LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)”, “LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro)”, “New Radio (NR)”, “New Radio Access Technology (NRAT)”, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA)”, or “Further EUTRA (FEUTRA)”) have been studied in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). Note that, in the following description, LTE includes LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and EUTRA, and NR includes NRAT and FEUTRA. A base station device (base station or communication device) is also referred to as an evolved NodeB (eNodeB) in LTE, a base station device (base station or communication device) is also referred to as a gNodeB in NR, and a terminal device (mobile station, mobile station device, terminal, or communication device) is also referred to as a user equipment (UE) in LTE and NR. LTE and NR are cellular communication systems in which a plurality of areas covered by base station devices are arranged in a cell shape. A single base station device may manage a plurality of cells.
As one of use cases of NR, the use in robot communication has been studied. As a specific example, it is assumed that wireless communication is used between devices inside a robot and outside the robot due to demands such as remote control and simplification of wiring. However, wireless is a limited resource, and there remains a problem that demands such as latency and reliability required for robot communication need to be satisfied. Under such situations, for example, an environment is assumed in which wireless communication is introduced in some communication networks and wired communication is applied to other communication networks. A study on the use of NR in robot communication is disclosed in Non Patent Literature 1.
Further, Patent Literature 1 discloses a technology in which a repeater is provided with two or more communication units of different wireless communication standards and a MAC address is appropriately switched between the communication units of the different communication standards to cause one communication device to virtually exist on a network of the other communication standard.
Meanwhile, when communication between a plurality of communication devices is relayed by another communication device (for example, a relay base station or a relay terminal), there is a case where communication based on a communication scheme (communication standard) different from those of other communication paths is applied to some communication paths among communication paths between the plurality of communication devices. Under such situations, there is a case where, for example, communication control independently of the other communication paths is performed for some communication paths among a series of communication paths between the plurality of communication devices, and it is difficult to maintain end-to-end quality of service (for example, QoS).
Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a technology that enables end-to-end communication to be realized in a more preferable manner even in a situation where a plurality of communications having different communication schemes are applied in communication between a plurality of communication devices.
According to the present disclosure, a communication device is provided that includes: a first communication unit that performs wireless communication based on a first communication scheme; a second communication unit that performs communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and a control unit that controls the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and the control unit converts one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer to the other.
According to the present disclosure, a communication method, executed by a computer, is provided that includes: performing wireless communication based on a first communication scheme; performing communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and controlling the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer is converted to the other.
According to the present disclosure, a program is provided that causes a computer to execute: performing wireless communication based on a first communication scheme; performing communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and controlling the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer is converted to the other.
According to the present disclosure, a communication system is provided that includes: a first communication device; a second communication device; and a third communication device that relays communication between the first communication device and the second communication device, wherein the third communication device includes: a first communication unit that performs wireless communication with the first communication device based on a first communication scheme; a second communication unit that performs communication with the second communication device based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and a control unit that controls the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme, a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and the control unit converts one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer to the other.
According to the present disclosure, a communication device is provided that includes: a communication unit that performs communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and a control unit that controls the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and the control unit performs control such that at least any of a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
According to the present disclosure, a communication method, executed by a computer, is provided that includes: performing communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and controlling the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and control is performed such that at least any of a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
According to the present disclosure, a program is provided that causes a computer to execute: performing communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and controlling the communication based on the second communication scheme, wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and control is performed such that at least any of a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
As described above, according to the present disclosure, provided is the technology that enables the end-to-end communication to be realized in a more preferable manner even in the situation where the plurality of communications having different communication schemes are applied in the communication between the plurality of communication devices.
Note that the above-described effect is not necessarily limited, and any effect illustrated in the present specification or other effects that can be grasped from the present specification may be exhibited in addition to the above-described effect or instead of the above-described effect.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that constituent elements having substantially the same functional configuration in the present specification and the drawings will be denoted by the same reference sign, and the redundant description thereof will be omitted.
Note that the description will be given in the following order.
1. Introduction
1.1. Example of System Configuration
1.2. Requirements for Robot Communication
1.3. Types of Information of Robot Communication
1.4. Relay Communication
1.5. Protocol Stack
2. Study on Relay Communication in which Communications Having Different Communication Schemes Are Combined
2.1. Example of Protocol Stack of Relay Communication in which Wireless Communication and Wired Communication Are Combined
2.2. Technical Problems Related to Relay Communication in which Wireless Communication and Wired Communication Are Combined
3. Technical Features
3.1. Configuration Examples
3.1.1. Configuration Example of Base Station
3.1.2. Configuration Example of Terminal Device
3.1.3. Configuration Example of Communication Device
3.2. Control Example of Relay Communication
4. Application Examples
4.1. Application Examples Related to Base Station
4.2. Application Examples Related to Terminal Device
5. Conclusion
<1.1. Example of System Configuration>
First, an example of a schematic configuration of a system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
(1) Wireless Communication Device 100
The wireless communication device 100 is a device that provides a wireless communication service to a subordinate device. For example, a wireless communication device 100A is a base station of a cellular system (or mobile communication system). The base station 100A performs wireless communication with a device (for example, terminal device 200A) located inside a cell 10A of the base station 100A. For example, the base station 100A transmits a downlink signal to the terminal device 200A and receives an uplink signal from the terminal device 200A.
The base station 100A is logically connected to another base station by, for example, an X2 interface, and can transmit and receive control information and the like. Further, the base station 100A is logically connected to a so-called core network (not illustrated) by, for example, an S1 interface, and can transmit and receive the control information and the like. Note that communication between these devices can be physically relayed by various devices.
Here, the wireless communication device 100A illustrated in
The cell 10A may be operated according to, for example, any wireless communication scheme such as LTE, LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-ADVANCED PRO, GSM (registered trademark), UMTS, W-CDMA, CDMA200, WiMAX, WiMAX2, and IEEE802.16.
Note that the small cell is a concept that can include various types of cells smaller than a macro cell (for example, femtocells, nano cells, pico cells, and micro cells) arranged so as to overlap or not overlap with the macro cell. In one example, the small cell is operated by a dedicated base station. In another example, the small cell is operated as a terminal serving as a master device temporarily operates as a small cell base station. Further, a so-called relay node can also be considered as a form of the small cell base station. A wireless communication device that functions as a master station of a relay node is also referred to as a donor base station. The donor base station may mean a DeNB in LTE, or more generally mean a master station of a relay node.
(2) Terminal Device 200
The terminal device 200 can communicate in a cellular system (or mobile communication system). The terminal device 200 performs wireless communication with the wireless communication device (for example, base station 100A or master device 100B or 100C) of the cellular system. For example, the terminal device 200A receives a downlink signal from the base station 100A and transmits an uplink signal to the base station 100A.
Further, the terminal device 200 is not limited to a so-called UE, and a so-called low cost terminal (low cost UE) such as an MTC terminal, an enhanced MTC (eMTC) terminal, and an NB-IoT terminal may be applied.
(3) Supplement
Although the schematic configuration of the system 1 has been illustrated as above, the present technology is not limited to the example illustrated in
Further, the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a communication device (hereinafter, also referred to as “communication device 300” for convenience) configured to be capable of communicating with the terminal device 200 via a wired or wireless communication path although details will be described later. In this case, for example, the terminal device 200 may serve as a so-called relay communication device that relays communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300. Further, at this time, communications having different communication schemes may be applied to the communication between the base station 100 and the terminal device 200 and the communication between the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300.
<1.2. Requirements for Robot Communication>
Next, requirements for communication in the case of applying NR to control of a robot or the like will be outlined. As one of use cases of NR, the use in the robot via communication has been studied. As a specific example, the followings are examples of use cases in which wireless communication is applied to the robot, a sensor, and the like.
In communication assuming the use of the robot (hereinafter, also referred to as “robot communication”), low latency with a round-trip delay of 1 millisecond or less in a physical layer, ultra-reliability which achieves a packet error rate of 0.001% or less, high communication service availability, which enables communication at all times when an application desires to perform communication, and the like are required.
Conventionally, in order to satisfy these high requirements, communication via a high-speed and highly reliable wired communication path has been applied to communication assuming the use of the robot. The communication via the wired communication path is resistant to interference from others and it is easy to realize highly reliable communication since propagation environments inside a line and outside the line can be separated by a cable. However, mobility and movable area may be limited since devices that communicate with each other are connected via the wired communication path. Further, a situation in which wiring cost increases is also assumed, and there is a case where it is difficult to avoid a weight increase due to the wiring.
In order to satisfy the above high requirements, low-latency and high-reliability technologies such as data duplication and a low-latency slot have been introduced in NR and LTE. As a specific example, it is possible to realize highly reliable wireless communication by making data redundant using a large amount of radio resources. However, the radio resources such as frequency bands are limited, and thus, there is a case where it is difficult to realize low-latency and high-reliability wireless communication on all paths.
In view of the above situation, wireless-wire combined relay communication in which wired communication is applied in some communication paths and wireless communication is applied in other communication paths is assumed as an example of a typical configuration in one embodiment of the present disclosure. As a result, it is possible to construct a communication system that takes advantages of both the wired communication and the wireless communication.
<1.3. Types of Information of Robot Communication>
In the robot communication according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, reception and transmission of various types of information can be assumed. Examples of information received and transmitted by robot communication can be classified into, for example, information that requires real-timeliness and information that does not necessarily require real-timeliness. The information that requires real-timeliness includes, for example, information that guarantees QoS. Further, examples of the information that does not necessarily require the real-timeliness can include information that does not necessarily guarantee QoS.
Examples of types of the information that require real-timeliness are given as follows.
Examples of types of the information that does not necessarily require real-timeliness are given as follows.
<1.4. Relay Communication>
Next, relay communication will be outlined. In a wireless communication system, for example, a relay is sometimes adopted for the purpose of expanding cell coverage, improving the quality of a reception signal, and the like.
Here, an example of the relay communication in conventional wireless communication will be described with reference to
(Wireless-Wire Combined Relay Communication)
Next, as an example of relay communication, relay communication in a case where communication via a wireless communication path (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “wireless communication”) and communication via a wired communication path (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “wired communication”) are combined will be outlined.
In the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, relay communication (hereinafter, also referred to as “wireless-wired relay communication”) in which a wired communication path is applied in a partial section of a series of communication paths is assumed for the conventional relay communication in wireless communication.
An example of operations of the wireless-wired relay communication that can be assumed in the system according to the present embodiment is an operation in which wireless communication is used for long-distance transmission. Specifically, there is a possibility that wiring cost increases in proportion to the communication distance in wired communication. On the other hand, when wireless communication is realized, the above-described wiring cost can be substantially eliminated, and thus, an effect of cost reduction particularly in the long-distance communication is expected.
(System Configuration Example 1 of Robot Communication)
Here, an example of relay communication (that is, wired-wireless relay communication) in which wireless communication and wired communication are combined in the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be outlined with reference to
As an example of use cases to which the configuration example illustrated in
In the example illustrated in
Further, as another example, the base station 100, the terminal device 200-1, and a terminal device 200-2 are used in order to realize communication between a robot 530-2 and a robot 530-3. Specifically, the terminal device 200-1 and the robot 530-2 are connected via a wired communication path N115. Similarly, the terminal device 200-2 and the robot 530-3 are connected via a wired communication path N119. Further, the base station 100 and the terminal device 200-1 are connected via a wireless communication path N111. Similarly, the base station 100 and the terminal device 200-2 are connected via a wireless communication path N113. Based on such premises, in the communication between the robot 530-2 and the robot 530-3, data transmitted from the robot 530-2 is transmitted to the robot 530-3 via the terminal device 200-1, the base station 100, and the terminal device 200-2 (that is, via a communication path with reference sign D103), and is received by the robot 530-3. Further, it is also possible to assume a case where the robot 530 itself performs wireless communication with the base station 100. As a specific example, when the robot 530-3 has a wireless communication function, the robot 530-3 may directly perform wireless communication with the base station 100.
As described above, it is possible to establish a highly reliable communication system by applying wireless communication to long-distance communication and wired communication to minimum communication.
(System Configuration Example 2 of Robot Communication)
Next, another example of the relay communication in which the wireless communication and the wired communication are combined in the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be outlined with reference to
Due to demands such as weight reduction of a robot and unlimited movable area, the application of wireless communication between devices inside the robot is expected. Further, radio wave propagation is limited inside the robot, and thus, it is possible to reduce the leakage of radio waves to the outside of the robot. As a result, it is also possible to reduce the interference applied to the wireless communication outside the robot, and thus, radio resources can be fully utilized, for example, in the communication inside the robot.
For example, the example in
Based on such a configuration, for example, information on control of a device such as an actuator transmitted from the control server 520 can be transmitted via wired communication between the control server 520 and the robot 530-4 and wireless communication between the devices inside the robot 530-4. As a result, it is possible to realize a robot having a wider movable area as compared with the conventional one.
<1.5. Protocol Stack>
Next, an example of a protocol stack in the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Note that the protocol stack in this description represents a hierarchy of a network protocol.
As an example, the protocol stack is formed of a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer, a transport layer, and an application layer from the bottom layer. The physical layer is a layer that performs a conversion process for causing a signal transferred from a higher layer to flow to a propagation path and a conversion process for correctly transferring the signal received after having been transmitted through the propagation path to the higher layer. The link layer is a layer having functions such as transmission control, error detection, and retransmission request. The network layer is a layer that controls allocation of an IP address and selection (routing) of a data transmission path. The network layer corresponds to, for example, an IP layer. The transport layer is a layer that serves a role of controlling data transfer. The transport layer corresponds to, for example, a TCP layer and a UDP layer. The application layer is, for example, a layer configured for an application to perform communication.
Further, Ethernet is a standard of a wired local area network (LAN) that defines some protocols for a physical layer and a data link layer. Further, LTE and NR are mobile network standards that define protocols of a physical layer and a data link layer.
(Protocol Stack in Ethernet)
A protocol stack lower than the IP layer in Ethernet is formed of two layers, that is, a physical layer (PHY layer, L1) and a data link layer (L2). In the physical layer, processing (for example, modulation and demodulation) for transmission and reception of a signal in a wired manner is performed. In the data link layer, processing related to creation of a MAC frame to be transmitted and interpretation of the received MAC frame is performed.
For example,
(Protocol Stack in NR)
In a protocol stack in NR, layers are defined in more detail. For example,
In the PHY layer, for example, processing such as “signal encoding and decoding”, “scrambling and descrambling”, “layer mapping and demapping”, “modulation and demodulation”, “resource mapping”, “FFT conversion and IFFT conversion”, “DC/AC conversion and AC/DC conversion”, and “up-conversion and down-conversion” is executed.
In the MAC layer, for example, processing such as “mapping between a logical channel and a transport channel”, “multiplexing and demultiplexing of a MAC service data unit (SDU)”, “scheduling information report”, “error correction using hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ)”, “priority handling between terminals or logical channels”, and “padding” is executed.
In the RLC layer, for example, processing such as “sequence numbering”, “error correction using automatic repeat and request (ARQ)”, “segmentation and re-segmentation”, “reassembly”, “redundancy detection”, and “protocol error detection” is executed.
In the PDCP layer, for example, processing such as “sequence numbering”, “header compression and decompression”, “reordering and redundancy detection”, “routing”, “retransmission”, “encryption, decryption, and integrity protection”, “data restoration”, and “duplication” is executed.
In the SDAP layer, for example, processing such as “mapping between data and QoS flow” and “masking of a QoS flow ID” is executed. Note that the SDAP layer is not used in LTE.
Further,
In the RRC layer, for example, processing such as “notification of system information”, “paging”, “establishment, maintenance, and release of connection between a terminal device and a network”, “security”, “establishment, setting, maintenance, and release of data flow”, “mobility processing such as handover, content transfer, and cell selection/reselection”, “QoS management”, “measurement report and report control”, and “detection and restoration of link failure” is executed.
In the NAS layer, for example, processing such as “mobility management”, “cell control management”, “session management”, and “identity management” is executed.
Next, relay communication in which communications having different communication schemes such as wired communication and wireless communication are combined will be studied mainly focusing on a protocol stack, and then, technical problems of the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be outlined.
<2.1. Example of Protocol Stack of Relay Communication in which Wireless Communication and Wired Communication are Combined>
First, as a comparative example, an example of a protocol stack of data communication (U-Plane) in a case where the conventional scheme is applied to the relay communication in which wireless communication and wired communication are combined will be described with reference to
Since standards of a physical layer and a link layer are different between NR and Ethernet, when data is transmitted between the base station 100 and the communication device 300, data is transferred to the IP layer, which is a common layer, in the terminal device 200 that relays the transmission. Then, in the terminal device 200, a format of the data is converted into formats of the physical layer and link layer corresponding to the respective standards (for example, a header is replaced according to the communication standard).
Here, the data flow in the example illustrated in
The data transmitted from the base station 100 is transferred from the IP layer to the SDAP layer, the PDCP layer, the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the PHY layer in this order, and is transmitted to the terminal device 200 via a wireless transmission line on the base station 100 side. The terminal device 200 transfers the received radio signal (data) to the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the RLC layer, the PDCP layer, and the SDAP layer in this order, and converts the received radio signal (data) into data corresponding to the IP layer. Next, when transferring data from the terminal device 200 to the communication device 300, the target data is converted between transmission lines at the IP layers, then, is transferred to Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 1 (L1) of Ethernet in this order, and is transmitted to the communication device 300 via a wired transmission line. The communication device 300 transfers the received wired signal (data) to Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) of Ethernet in this order, and converts the received wired signal (data) into data corresponding to the IP layer. The data is transmitted from the base station 100 to the communication device 300 through a series of procedures as described above.
Note that, in the following description, an operation of transferring data from a lower layer to a predetermined higher layer in a protocol stack before conversion and transferring the data to a lower layer again in the converted protocol stack in order to perform protocol conversion (for example, header replacement or the like) between communications having different communication schemes will be also referred to as “return” for convenience. As a specific example, a “layer that performs return” means a layer in which protocol conversion is performed between communications having different communication schemes.
<2.2. Technical Problems Related to Relay Communication in which Wireless Communication and Wired Communication are Combined>
Next, technical problems in the relay communication in which communications having different communication schemes such as wired communication and wireless communication are combined will be described hereinafter. As described above, since the wireless communication and wired communication have different standards (particularly, standards of the link layer and the physical layer), QoS control in a layer above the IP layer, which is the common protocol, is performed.
However, if independent QoS control is performed on each path in robot communication where low latency and reliability are important, the possibility that end-to-end QoS is not guaranteed can be considered. As a specific example, when transmission and reception cycles and timing differ between wireless communication and wired communication, latency of a path having a longer cycle becomes a bottleneck, which is likely to increase the end-to-end latency.
For example,
When independent QoS control is performed, there is a possibility that cycles and timing of transmission resources are not aligned between the communication between the communication device 300 such as the cloud server and the robot and the terminal device 200, and the communication between the terminal device 200 and the base station 100 as illustrated in
Further, the protocol is converted up to the IP layer, latency due to the protocol conversion process is likely to occur. For example, when converting the radio signal (data) transmitted from the base station 100 to the terminal device 200 up to the IP layer in the example illustrated in
Further, there is a case where carrier sense multiple access/collision detection (CSMA/CD) is adopted in Ethernet, and fine orthogonal resource allocation such as time-division multiplexing or frequency-division multiplexing is hardly performed. As a result, when packets collide with each other, it is necessary to wait for a random backoff time, and then, perform retransmission, which may cause further latency in some cases.
In view of the above situation, the present disclosure proposes a technology that enables end-to-end communication to be realized in a more preferable manner even in a situation where a plurality of communications having different communication schemes are applied in communication between a plurality of communication devices. Specifically, the present disclosure proposes a protocol stack and a resource control method for solving the above-described problems.
Technical features of the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter.
<3.1. Configuration Examples>
First, an example of a functional configuration of a device constituting the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
<3.1.1. Configuration Example of Base Station>
Hereinafter, an example of a configuration of the base station 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
(1) Antenna Unit 110
The antenna unit 110 radiates a signal output by the wireless communication unit 120 into a space as a radio wave. Further, the antenna unit 110 converts a radio wave in the space into a signal and outputs the signal to the wireless communication unit 120.
(2) Wireless Communication Unit 120
The wireless communication unit 120 transmits and receives a signal. For example, the wireless communication unit 120 transmits a downlink signal to a terminal device and receives an uplink signal from the terminal device.
(3) Network Communication Unit 130
The network communication unit 130 transmits and receives information. For example, the network communication unit 130 transmits information to other nodes and receives information from the other nodes. For example, the above-described other nodes include the other base stations and core network nodes.
(4) Storage Unit 140
The storage unit 140 temporarily or permanently stores a program and various types of data for the operation of the base station 100.
(5) Control Unit 150
The control unit 150 provides various functions of the base station 100. The control unit 150 includes a communication control unit 151, an information acquisition unit 153, and a notification unit 155. Note that the control unit 150 may further include other components in addition to these components. That is, the control unit 150 can also perform operations other than operations of these components.
The communication control unit 151 executes various processes related to the control of wireless communication with the terminal device 200 via the wireless communication unit 120. Further, the communication control unit 151 executes various processes related to the control of communication with the other node (for example, the other base station, core network node, or the like) via the network communication unit 130.
The information acquisition unit 153 acquires various types of information from the terminal device 200 and the other nodes. The acquired information may be used, for example, for control of wireless communication with the terminal device, control for cooperation with the other nodes, and the like.
The notification unit 155 notifies the terminal device 200 and the other nodes of various types of information. As a specific example, the notification unit 155 may notify the terminal device 200 of various types of information for the terminal device 200 in a cell to perform wireless communication with the base station 100. Further, as another example, the notification unit 155 may notify another node (for example, another base station) of the information acquired from the terminal device in the cell. Further, the notification unit 155 may notify the terminal device 200 in the cell of information for the terminal device 200 to communicate with another communication device (for example, the communication device 300 such as the cloud server and the robot).
<3.1.2. Configuration Example of Terminal Device>
Hereinafter, an example of a functional configuration of the terminal device 200 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
(1) Antenna Unit 210
The antenna unit 210 radiates a signal output by the wireless communication unit 220 into a space as a radio wave. Further, the antenna unit 210 converts a radio wave in the space into a signal and outputs the signal to the wireless communication unit 220.
(2) Wireless Communication Unit 220
The wireless communication unit 220 transmits and receives a signal. For example, the wireless communication unit 220 receives a downlink signal from a base station and transmits an uplink signal to the base station.
Further, there is a case where the terminal device 200 directly communicate with another terminal device 200 without the intervention of the base station 100 in the system 1 according to the present embodiment. In this case, the wireless communication unit 220 may transmit and receive a side link signal to and from the other terminal device 200.
(3) Storage Unit 230
The storage unit 230 temporarily or permanently stores a program and various types of data for the operation of the terminal device 200.
(4) Network Communication Unit 250
The network communication unit 250 transmits and receives information. For example, the network communication unit 250 transmits information to the other communication devices 300 and receives information from the other communication devices 300. Examples of the above-described communication devices 300 can include other devices having communication functions such as a cloud server and a robot.
(5) Control Unit 240
The control unit 240 provides various functions of the terminal device 200. For example, the control unit 240 includes a communication control unit 241, an information acquisition unit 243, and a notification unit 247. Note that the control unit 240 may further include other components in addition to these components. That is, the control unit 240 can also perform operations other than operations of these components.
The communication control unit 241 executes various processes related to the control of wireless communication with the base station 100 via the wireless communication unit 220. Further, the communication control unit 241 executes a process related to the control of communication with the communication device 300 via the network communication unit 250.
Further, the communication control unit 241 may execute various processes related to the relay of communication (that is, data transmission) between the base station 100 and the communication device 300. As a specific example, the communication control unit 241 may relay the communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300 by converting one of data transmitted to and from the base station 100 and data transmitted to and from the communication device 300 to the other. Note that details of this process will be described later.
The information acquisition unit 243 acquires various types of information from the base station 100 and the other communication device 300. As a specific example, the information acquisition unit 243 may acquire information on the relay of communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300 from the above base station 100 and communication device 300.
The notification unit 247 notifies the base station 100 and the other communication devices 300 of various types of information. As a specific example, the notification unit 247 may notify the base station 100 and the communication device 300 of the information on the relay of communication between the above base station 100 and communication device 300.
<3.1.3. Configuration Example of Communication Device>
Hereinafter, an example of a functional configuration of the communication device 300 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
(1) Network Communication Unit 310
The network communication unit 310 transmits and receives information. For example, the network communication unit 310 transmits information to the terminal device 200 and receives information from the terminal device 200. Note that a communication scheme in which the network communication unit 310 transmits and receives information to and from another communication device is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately changed according to a type of communication path with another communication scheme, for example. Further, the type of communication path in which the network communication unit 310 transmits and receives information to and from the other communication device is not particularly limited, either, and may be a wired communication path or a wireless communication path, for example.
(2) Storage Unit 320
The storage unit 320 temporarily or permanently stores a program and various types of data for the operation of the communication device 300.
(3) Control Unit 330
The control unit 330 provides various functions of the communication device 300. The control unit 330 includes a communication control unit 331, an information acquisition unit 333, and a notification unit 335. Note that the control unit 330 may further include other components in addition to these components. That is, the control unit 330 can also perform operations other than operations of these components.
The communication control unit 331 executes various processes related to the control of communication with another communication device (for example, the terminal device 200) via the network communication unit 310. As a specific example, the communication control unit 331 may decode data transmitted from the base station 100 based on relay by the terminal device 200 according to a mode of the relay. Further, the communication control unit 331 may encode data transmitted to the base station 100 based on relay by the terminal device 200 according to a mode of the relay. Note that details of these processes will be described later.
The information acquisition unit 333 acquires various types of information from the base station 100 and the terminal device 200. As a specific example, the information acquisition unit 333 may acquire information for communication with the base station 100 based on relay by the terminal device 200 from the above base station 100 and terminal device 200.
The notification unit 335 notifies the base station 100 and the terminal device 200 of various types of information. As a specific example, the notification unit 335 may notify the above base station 100 and communication device 300 of the information on the communication with the base station 100 based on the relay by the terminal device 200.
<3.2. Control Example of Relay Communication>
Next, an example of control of relay communication in the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Note that a description will be given hereinafter mainly focusing on an example where relay communication in which wireless communication and wired communication are combined is applied in order to facilitate the understanding of the technical features of the system according to the present embodiment, but the scope of application of the technology according to the present embodiment is not necessarily limited. That is, the technology according to the present embodiment can be applied to any system in which relay communication in which a plurality of communications having different communication schemes are combined is performed.
First, an example of a protocol stack assuming relay communication in which wireless communication and wired communication are combined will be described as an example of the protocol stack in the system according to the present embodiment. In the system according to the present embodiment, the conversion of one of data transmitted by wireless communication and data transmitted by wired communication to the other is performed in a layer lower than an IP layer (in other words, any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path) among a series of layers constituting a protocol stack.
(Example 1 of Protocol Stack of Data Signal Communication)
For example,
Note that the terminal device 200 corresponds to an example of a communication device that relays communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300 in the example illustrated in
Further, among the series of layers defined as the protocol stack of NR, the SDAP layer in which the protocol conversion at the time of data transfer is performed corresponds to an example of a “first layer”, in the example illustrated in
(Example 2 of Protocol Stack of Data Signal Communication)
Note that, among a series of layers defined as the protocol stack of NR, the PDCP layer in which the protocol conversion at the time of data transfer is performed corresponds to an example of the “first layer”, in the example illustrated in
(Example 3 of Protocol Stack of Data Signal Communication)
Note that, among a series of layers defined as the protocol stack of NR, the RLC layer in which the protocol conversion at the time of data transfer is performed corresponds to an example of the “first layer”, in the example illustrated in
(Example 4 of Protocol Stack of Data Signal Communication)
Note that, among a series of layers defined as the protocol stack of NR, the MAC layer in which the protocol conversion at the time of data transfer is performed corresponds to an example of the “first layer”, in the example illustrated in
(Control Example of Protocol Stack)
In the system according to the present embodiment, the base station or core network can select any protocol stack among the above-described data communication (U-Plane) protocol stacks according to various situations. As a specific example, the base station or core network may select a more appropriate protocol stack (for example, a protocol stack in which required specifications can be achieved in a more preferable manner) among the above-described data communication protocol stacks according to a communication path situation or a packet type.
Communication line quality is an example of the communication path situation. For example, the probability of a block error tends to be low in a path with a good communication line environment (for example, high SINR, high reliability, and the like) such as the inside of a robot. Therefore, for example, it is preferable that the terminal device 200 is controlled so as to perform return in a layer lower than the RLC layer (that is, perform protocol conversion in the layer lower than the RLC layer). With such control, the latency accompanying the protocol conversion is shortened so that lower-latency communication can be realized.
Further, as another example, the probability of the block error tends to increase in a path having a poor communication line environment (low SINR, low reliability, and the like) such as long-distance communication. Therefore, for example, it is preferable to control the terminal device 200 so as to perform return in a layer above the RLC layer (that is, perform protocol conversion in the layer above the RLC layer). With such control, ARQ processing is performed in the RLC layer so that more stable communication can be realized.
Further, an example of the path situation is the latency. In a path with large end-to-end latency such as long-distance communication or the intervention of a plurality of times of relays, it is preferable to perform control so as to perform return in a lower layer. On the other hand, in a short-distance path with small propagation latency, control may be performed so as to perform return in a higher layer.
An example of the packet type is information that requires real-timeliness. For example, for information that requires real-timeliness, it is preferable to perform return in a lower layer as in the example described with reference to
(Adaptation Layer)
In the adaptation layer, at least any one of conversion from a frame configuration of NR to a frame configuration of Ethernet and the reverse conversion thereof is performed. As a specific example, Ethernet header information (a destination MAC address, a source MAC address, length/type information, and the like) is inserted, removed, and the like in the adaptation layer. The content of the added Ethernet header information is set in advance, for example, based on communication settings from the base station 100.
Further, in the adaptation layer, a layer of NR, which has not been processed by the other communication devices, is processed due to the return at the time of relay. For example, when ARQ control in the RLC layer is not performed due to the return in a layer lower than the RLC layer in the terminal device 200 that relays the communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300, the ARQ control in the RLC layer is performed in the adaptation layer of the communication device 300. Further, when encryption, decryption, and integrity protection in the PDCP layer are not performed due to the return in a layer lower than the PDCP layer in the terminal device 200 that relays the communication between the base station 100 and the communication device 300, the encryption, decryption, and integrity protection in the PDCP layer are performed in the adaptation layer of the communication device 300.
(Control Signal Communication)
As a method for realizing communication using the above-described data communication (U-Plane) protocol stack, the base station 100 makes communication settings (RRC settings) in advance for subordinate terminal devices and the communication device 300 (for example, a cloud server, a robot, or the like) connected in a wired manner.
For example,
Next, an example of a relay communication sequence in the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. For example,
As illustrated in
Next, the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 report measurement information on the latency and information on the capability related to the latency to the base station 100 (S103). Examples of the measurement information on the latency include a result obtained by the above-described measurement of the latency of the communication path. Further, examples of the information of the capability related to the latency include a communication processing capability related to the time required for protocol conversion or the like, a processing capability related to signal transmission and reception, and the like.
Further, the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 may also report information on communication traffic to the base station 100. Examples of the information on communication traffic include a traffic type (information on QoS) and a traffic volume (for example, a buffer status report or the like).
The base station 100 determines a communication path and transmission and reception resources corresponding to each QoS, a data communication (U-plane) protocol stack, and the like based on the information notified from the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 (S105).
The communication path and transmission and reception resources corresponding to each QoS, and the data communication (U-plane) protocol stack determined by the base station 100 are set by RRC, for example, in each of the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 (S107).
Then, each of the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 starts communication based on the above RRC settings (S109).
Further,
Note that a device, which can be connected to the core network by being connected to a device that performs communication in a wireless manner (for example, the terminal device 200) via a wired communication path, is also referred to as a “wired device (wired terminal)” in the present disclosure. The wired terminal has various different properties from a wireless terminal. As a specific example, the wired terminal does not have to measure the surrounding radio environment (RRM measurement). Further, the wired terminal does not have to report measurement information of the surrounding radio environment.
When the communication device 300 (wired terminal) and the terminal device 200 are connected via a wired communication path (S201), first, the set-up of the wired connection between the communication device 300 and the terminal device 200 is started (S203). During the set-up of the wired connection, the communication device 300 makes a connection request to the terminal device 200. The terminal device 200 having received the request provides setting information to the communication device 300. The communication device 300 makes a setting of the wired communication based on the setting information provided by the terminal device 200. Examples of the setting information include information such as a resource cycle.
Next, the communication device 300 is connected to the base station 100 and the core network 400 (for example, an MME 410) via the terminal device 200. Specifically, the communication device 300 sets up non-access stratum (NAS) attachment, authentication, and encryption with respect to the base station 100 (S205). As these processes are performed, the communication device 300 completes the connection to the core network 400 (for example, MME 410) (S207).
Then, the base station 100 makes resource control settings for the terminal device 200 and the communication device 300 (S209, S211). Examples of the resource control settings include settings of a resource cycle, a bandwidth, and the like. As above, the initial connection sequence of the communication device 300 connected to the core network via the wired communication path is completed.
Since the communication settings (RRC settings) are made as described above, for example, it is possible to perform QoS control in consideration of the entire series of communication paths. As a specific example, the base station 100 can perform communication management more appropriate as a system by grasping the traffic volume of each of the wireless communication path and the wired communication path and allocating appropriate communication resources to the respective communication devices (for example, the terminal device 200, the communication device 300, and the like) by time division or frequency division. As a result, it is possible to secure the end-to-end latency even in a situation where a plurality of communications having different communication schemes, such as the wired communication path and the wireless communication path, are combined.
For example,
With the system according to the present embodiment, it is also possible to set radio resources immediately after data transmission is performed via the wired communication path when data is transmitted from the communication device 300 to the base station 100 via the terminal device 200, for example, as illustrated in
(Control Based on Header Information in Packet)
Next, as another method for realizing communication using the above-described data communication (U-Plane) protocol stack, a description will be given regarding an example in which a layer that performs protocol conversion (that is, the layer that performs return) is controlled in a device that relays communication (for example, the terminal device 200) based on header information in a packet.
For example,
As illustrated in
As a specific example, when the header of the packet includes the information indicating the return of the layer (S301, YES), the terminal device 200 performs processing related to the return of the layer (S303). As a specific example, the terminal device 200 performs protocol conversion processing from a predetermined layer in NR to an adaptation layer set so as to correspond to a layer in Ethernet on a PDU based on a reception result from the base station 100, and transfers the converted PDU to a lower layer on the Ethernet side. Further, as another example, the terminal device 200 performs reverse processing of the above processing, that is, the protocol conversion processing from the adaptation layer to the layer in NR on a PDU based on a reception result from the communication device 300, and transfers the PDU after the conversion processing to a layer lower than the layer in NR.
On the other hand, when the header in the packet does not include the information indicating the return of the layer (S301, NO), the terminal device 200 performs processing in the layer (S305) and transfers an SDU to a layer higher than the layer.
Note that the above-described respective methods may be applied in combination. As a specific example, it may be configured such that the top layer where the return is performed from the base station 100 or the core network 400 is set, and then, the terminal device 200 determines any layer below the layer where the return (that is, protocol conversion) is to be performed according to the header information of the packet. With such a configuration, the terminal device 200 can also selectively switch any layer below the above-described top layer where the return is to be performed for each packet based on the header information of the packet.
(Example when Plurality of Times of Relay are Performed)
Although the above description has been given mainly focusing on the case where the relay is performed only once, the operational effects achieved by the above-described technology according to the present embodiment can be sufficiently achieved even in an environment where a plurality of times of relay are performed. Therefore, the following description will be given regarding an example of control when a plurality of times of relay are performed while particularly focusing on a layer return process (that is, protocol conversion process) in a communication device that relays communication (for example, the terminal device 200, the relay base station 100, and the like).
For example,
Further,
Further, any layer where the return is to be performed may differ depending on a communication path. For example,
The technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to various products. For example, the base station 100 may be realized as any kind of evolved Node B (eNB) such as a macro eNB and a small eNB. The small eNB may be an eNB that covers a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as a pico eNB, a micro eNB, and a home (femto) eNB. Instead, the base station 100 may be realized as another type of base station such as a NodeB and a base transceiver station (BTS). The base station 100 may include a main entity (also referred to as a base station device) that controls wireless communication and one or more remote radio heads (RRHs) arranged at different locations from the main entity. Further, various types of terminals to be described below may operate as the base station 100 by executing a base station function temporarily or permanently.
Further, for example, the terminal device 200 or 300 may be realized as a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game console, a portable or dongle-type mobile router, and a digital camera or an in-vehicle terminal such as a car navigation device. Further, the terminal device 200 or 300 may be realized as a terminal (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal) that performs machine to machine (M2M) communication. Further, the terminal device 200 or 300 may be a wireless communication module (for example, an integrated circuit module formed of one base station 100 die) mounted on these terminals.
<4.1. Application Examples Related to Base Station>
Each of the antennas 810 has a single or a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of antenna elements constituting a MIMO antenna), and is used for transmission and reception of a radio signal performed by the base station device 820. The eNB 800 has the plurality of antennas 810 as illustrated in
The base station device 820 includes a controller 821, a memory 822, a network interface 823, and a wireless communication interface 825.
The controller 821 may be, for example, a CPU or a DSP and operates various functions of a higher layer of the base station device 820. For example, the controller 821 generates a data packet from data in a signal processed by the wireless communication interface 825, and transfers the generated packet via the network interface 823. The controller 821 may generate a bundled packet by bundling data from a plurality of baseband processors and transfer the generated bundled packet. Further, the controller 821 may have logical functions to execute control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control, and scheduling. Further, the control may be executed in cooperation with a peripheral eNB or core network node. The memory 822 includes a RAM and a ROM and stores a program executed by the controller 821 and various types of control data (for example, a terminal list, transmission power data, scheduling data, and the like).
The network interface 823 is a communication interface configured to connect the base station device 820 to the core network 824. The controller 821 may communicate with the core network node or another eNB via the network interface 823. In such a case, the eNB 800 may be connected to the core network node or the other eNB by a logical interface (for example, S1 interface or X2 interface). The network interface 823 may be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for wireless backhaul. When the network interface 823 is the wireless communication interface, the network interface 823 may use a frequency band, higher than a frequency band used by the wireless communication interface 825, for wireless communication.
The wireless communication interface 825 supports any cellular communication scheme of long term evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced, and the like, and provides a wireless connection to a terminal located inside a cell of the eNB 800 via the antenna 810. The wireless communication interface 825 may typically include a baseband (BB) processor 826, an RF circuit 827, and the like. The BB processor 826 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, multiplexing/demultiplexing, and the like, and executes various types of signal processing in each layer (for example, L1, medium access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The BB processor 826 may have some or all of the above-described logical functions instead of the controller 821. The BB processor 826 may be a module including a memory that stores a communication control program, a processor that executes the program, and a related circuit, and the function of the BB processor 826 may be changed by updating the above program. Further, the module may be a card or a blade inserted into a slot of the base station device 820, or may be a chip mounted on the card or the blade. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 827 may include a mixer, a filter, an amplifier, and the like, and transmits and receives a radio signal via the antenna 810.
The wireless communication interface 825 includes a plurality of the BB processors 826 as illustrated in
In the eNB 800 illustrated in
Further, in the eNB 800 illustrated in
Each of the antennas 840 has a single or a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of antenna elements constituting a MIMO antenna) and is used for transmission and reception of a radio signal performed by the RRH 860. The eNB 830 has the plurality of antennas 840 as illustrated in
The base station device 850 includes a controller 851, a memory 852, a network interface 853, a wireless communication interface 855, and a connection interface 857. The controller 851, the memory 852 and the network interface 853 are similar to the controller 821, the memory 822 and the network interface 823 described with reference to
The wireless communication interface 855 supports any cellular communication scheme of LTE, LTE-Advanced, and the like, and provides a wireless connection to a terminal located in a sector corresponding to the RRH 860 via the RRH 860 and the antenna 840. The wireless communication interface 855 can typically include a BB processor 856 and the like. The BB processor 856 is similar to the BB processor 826 described with reference to
The connection interface 857 is an interface configured to connect the base station device 850 (wireless communication interface 855) to the RRH 860. The connection interface 857 may be a communication module configured for communication on a high-speed line connecting the base station device 850 (wireless communication interface 855) and the RRH 860.
Further, the RRH 860 also includes a connection interface 861 and a wireless communication interface 863.
The connection interface 861 is an interface configured to connect the RRH 860 (wireless communication interface 863) to the base station device 850. The connection interface 861 may be a communication module configured for communication on the high-speed line.
The wireless communication interface 863 transmits and receives a radio signal via the antenna 840. The wireless communication interface 863 can typically include the RF circuit 864 and the like. The RF circuit 864 may include a mixer, a filter, an amplifier, and the like, and transmits and receives a radio signal via the antenna 840. As illustrated in
In the eNB 830 illustrated in
Further, in the eNB 830 illustrated in
<4.2. Application Examples Related to Terminal Device>
The processor 901 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on chip (SoC), and controls functions of an application layer and other layers of the smartphone 900. The memory 902 includes a RAM and a ROM and stores a program and data executed by the processor 901. The storage 903 can include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk. The external connection interface 904 is an interface configured to connect an external device such as a memory card and a universal serial bus (USB) device to the smartphone 900.
The camera 906 has an imaging element such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and generates a captured image. The sensor 907 may include, for example, a group of sensors such as a positioning sensor, a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The microphone 908 converts a sound input to the smartphone 900 into a sound signal. The input device 909 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, a switch, or the like that detects a touch on a screen of the display device 910, and receives an operation or information input from a user. The display device 910 has the screen such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, and displays an output image of the smartphone 900. The speaker 911 converts the sound signal output from the smartphone 900 into a sound.
The wireless communication interface 912 supports any cellular communication scheme of LTE, LTE-Advanced, and the like and executes wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 912 can typically include a BB processor 913, an RF circuit 914, and the like. The BB processor 913 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, multiplexing/demultiplexing, and the like, and executes various types of signal processing for the wireless communication. On the other hand, the RF circuit 914 may include a mixer, a filter, an amplifier, and the like, and transmits and receives a radio signal via the antenna 916. The wireless communication interface 912 may be a one-chip module in which the BB processor 913 and the RF circuit 914 are integrated. The wireless communication interface 912 may include a plurality of the BB processors 913 and a plurality of the RF circuits 914 as illustrated in
Further, the wireless communication interface 912 may support other types of wireless communication schemes such as a short-distance radio communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless local area network (LAN) scheme, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, and may include the BB processor 913 and the RF circuit 914 for each wireless communication scheme in such a case.
Each of the antenna switches 915 switches a connection destination of the antenna 916 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 912 (for example, circuits for different wireless communication schemes).
Each of the antennas 916 has a single or a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of antenna elements constituting a MIMO antenna), and is used for transmission and reception of a radio signal performed by the wireless communication interface 912. The smartphone 900 may have a plurality of the antennas 916 as illustrated in
Further, the smartphone 900 may include the antenna 916 for each wireless communication scheme. In such a case, the antenna switch 915 may be omitted from the configuration of the smartphone 900.
The bus 917 connects the processor 901, the memory 902, the storage 903, the external connection interface 904, the camera 906, the sensor 907, the microphone 908, the input device 909, the display device 910, the speaker 911, the wireless communication interface 912, and the auxiliary controller 919 to each other. The battery 918 supplies power to each block of the smartphone 900 illustrated in
In the smartphone 900 illustrated in
Further, in the smartphone 900 illustrated in
The processor 921 may be, for example, a CPU or an SoC, and controls a navigation function and other functions of the car navigation device 920. The memory 922 includes a RAM and a ROM and stores a program and data executed by the processor 921.
The GPS module 924 uses a GPS signal received from a GPS satellite to measure a position (for example, latitude, longitude, and altitude) of the car navigation device 920. The sensor 925 may include, for example, a group of sensors such as a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and a barometric pressure sensor. The data interface 926 is connected to an in-vehicle network 941 via a terminal (not illustrated), for example, and acquires data generated on the vehicle side such as vehicle speed data.
The content player 927 plays a content stored on a storage medium (for example, a CD or a DVD) inserted into the storage medium interface 928. The input device 929 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a button, a switch, or the like that detects a touch on a screen of the display device 930, and receives an operation or information input from a user. The display device 930 has the screen such as an LCD and an OLED display and displays an image of the navigation function or the content to be played. The speaker 931 outputs a sound of the navigation function or the content to be played.
The wireless communication interface 933 supports any cellular communication scheme of LTE, LTE-Advanced, and the like and executes wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 933 can typically include a BB processor 934, an RF circuit 935, and the like. The BB processor 934 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, multiplexing/demultiplexing, and the like, and executes various types of signal processing for the wireless communication. On the other hand, the RF circuit 935 may include a mixer, a filter, an amplifier, and the like, and transmits and receives a radio signal via the antenna 937. The wireless communication interface 933 may be a one-chip module in which the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 are integrated. The wireless communication interface 933 may include a plurality of the BB processors 934 and a plurality of the RF circuits 935 as illustrated in
Further, the wireless communication interface 933 may support other types of wireless communication schemes such as a short-distance radio communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless LAN scheme, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, and may include the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 for each wireless communication scheme in such a case.
Each of the antenna switches 936 switches a connection destination of the antenna 937 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 933 (for example, circuits for different wireless communication schemes).
Each of the antennas 937 has a single or a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of antenna elements constituting a MIMO antenna), and is used for transmission and reception of a radio signal performed by the wireless communication interface 933. The car navigation device 920 may have a plurality of the antennas 937 as illustrated in
Further, the car navigation device 920 may include the antenna 937 for each wireless communication scheme. In such a case, the antenna switch 936 may be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation device 920.
The battery 938 supplies power to each block of the car navigation device 920 illustrated in
In the car navigation device 920 illustrated in
Further, in the car navigation device 920 illustrated in
Further, the technology according to the present disclosure may be realized as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 940 that includes one or more blocks of the above-described car navigation device 920, the in-vehicle network 941, and a vehicle-side module 942. The vehicle-side module 942 generates vehicle-side data such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and failure information, and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 941.
As described above, in a system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device (for example, the terminal device 200) that relays communication between a plurality of communication devices includes a first communication unit, a second communication unit, and a control unit. The first communication unit performs wireless communication based on a first communication scheme. The second communication unit performs communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme. The control unit controls the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme. A second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme. The control unit converts one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer to the other.
Further, a communication device (for example, the communication device 300) that communicates with a base station based on relay by another communication device (for example, the terminal device 200) includes a communication unit and a control unit. The communication unit communicates with the other communication device, which relays data transmitted from the base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme. The control unit controls the communication based on the second communication scheme. A second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme. The control unit performs control such that at least any of a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
With the above configuration, it is possible to minimize the latency accompanying the transfer standby in the communication device (for example, the terminal device or the relay base station) that relays communication between the plurality of communication devices even in a situation where relay communication in which communications having different communication schemes are combined is applied. Further, the protocol conversion is performed in a lower layer in the protocol stack as compared with the conventional method, and thus, it is possible to reduce the latency accompanying the execution of processing in a layer higher than a layer in which the protocol conversion is performed. As a result, even in the situation where the relay communication in which communications having different communication schemes are combined is applied, it is possible to suppress the end-to-end latency between the plurality of communication devices to be shorter with the system according to the present embodiment. As a result, even in the situation where a plurality of communications with different communication schemes are applied in the communication between the plurality of communication devices, it is possible to secure the end-to-end quality (for example, QoS) between the plurality of communication devices in a more preferable manner with the system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
While the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to such examples. It is apparent that a person who has ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present disclosure can find various alterations and modifications within the scope of technical ideas described in the claims, and it should be understood that such alterations and modifications will naturally pertain to the technical scope of the present disclosure.
Further, the effects described in the present specification are merely illustrative or exemplary, and are not restrictive. That is, the technology according to the present disclosure can exhibit other effects that are obvious to those skilled in the art from the description in the present specification, in addition to or instead of the above effects.
Note that the following configurations come under the technical scope of the present disclosure.
(1)
A communication device comprising:
a first communication unit that performs wireless communication based on a first communication scheme;
a second communication unit that performs communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
a control unit that controls the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
the control unit converts one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer to the other.
(2)
The communication device according to (1), wherein the second communication scheme is a communication scheme for performing communication via a wired communication path.
(3)
The communication device according to (2), wherein the second layer is any layer among a series of layers corresponding to a data link layer and a physical layer.
(4)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the first layer is any layer among a series of layers corresponding to a link layer and a physical layer.
(5)
The communication device according to (4), wherein the first layer is a layer lower than an Internet protocol (IP) layer.
(6)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein
the control unit
converts data corresponding to the first layer based on a reception result of the first communication unit into data corresponding to the second layer, and
performs processing on the converted data according to a communication protocol of the second communication scheme to generate data to be transmitted to another device via the second communication unit.
(7)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein
the control unit
converts data corresponding to the second layer based on a reception result of the second communication unit into data corresponding to the first layer, and
performs processing on the converted data according to a communication protocol of the first communication scheme to generate data to be transmitted to another device via the first communication unit.
(8)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the first layer is set based on control information notified from a base station.
(9)
The communication device according to (8), wherein the control information is transmitted separately from data transmitted via the wireless communication based on the first communication scheme.
(10)
The communication device according to (8) or (9), wherein the control information is notified based on a communication protocol corresponding to a radio resource control (RRC) layer.
(11)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the first layer is set based on information associated with a header of received data.
(12)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (11) wherein the first layer is set according to a situation of a communication path through which data is transmitted based on the first communication scheme.
(13)
The communication device according to (12), wherein the first layer is set to a lower layer as reliability of the communication path through which the data is transmitted based on the first communication scheme is higher.
(14)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the control unit replaces a header corresponding to one layer associated with data, which corresponds to the one layer between the first layer and the second layer, with a header corresponding to the other layer to convert the data corresponding to the one layer to data corresponding to the other layer.
(15)
The communication device according to any one of (1) to (14), wherein the control unit controls processing related to authentication with an entity of a core network based on a communication protocol corresponding to a non-access stream (NAS) layer.
(16)
A communication method, executed by a computer, comprising:
performing wireless communication based on a first communication scheme;
performing communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
controlling the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer is converted to the other.
(17)
A program which causes a computer to execute:
performing wireless communication based on a first communication scheme;
performing communication based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
controlling the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer is converted to the other.
(18)
A communication system comprising:
a first communication device;
a second communication device; and
a third communication device that relays communication between the first communication device and the second communication device,
wherein the third communication device includes:
a first communication unit that performs wireless communication with the first communication device based on a first communication scheme;
a second communication unit that performs communication with the second communication device based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
a control unit that controls the communication based on the first communication scheme and the communication based on the second communication scheme,
a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
the control unit converts one of data corresponding to the first layer and data corresponding to the second layer to the other.
(19)
A communication device comprising:
a communication unit that performs communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
a control unit that controls the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
the control unit performs control such that at least any of
a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and
a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme
is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
(20)
The communication device according to (19), wherein the second layer is set based on control information notified from a base station.
(21)
The communication device according to (20), wherein the control information is transmitted separately from data transmitted from the other terminal device based on the second communication scheme.
(22)
The communication device according to (20), wherein the control information is notified based on a communication protocol corresponding to an RRC layer.
(23)
A communication method, executed by a computer, comprising:
performing communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
controlling the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
control is performed such that at least any of
a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and
a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme
is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
(24)
A program which causes a computer to execute:
performing communication with another communication device, which relays data transmitted from a base station based on a first communication scheme, based on a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme; and
controlling the communication based on the second communication scheme,
wherein a second layer is set for a protocol stack of the second communication scheme as a layer corresponding to a first layer, which is any layer below a layer corresponding to a communication protocol according to selection of a transmission path among a series of layers for each of communication protocols constituting a protocol stack of the first communication scheme, and
control is performed such that at least any of a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to encoding of transmitted data based on the first communication scheme and
a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the first layer among processes according to decoding of received data based on the first communication scheme
is applied as a process corresponding to a communication protocol of a layer higher than the second layer.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-191571 | Oct 2018 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2019/038904 | 10/2/2019 | WO | 00 |
