Patent Application
20250080268
This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and a communication apparatus.
To improve a system throughput, a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is introduced. The MIMO technology refers to the use of a plurality of transmit antennas and a plurality of receive antennas respectively at a transmit end and a receive end. That is, there are a plurality of independent channels between the transmit end and the receive end. In other words, there is sufficient spacing between antenna elements. Therefore, the MIMO technology can eliminate inter-line signal correlation, improve signal link performance, and increase a data throughput.
In a new radio (NR) system, a main processing procedure of transmitting data at a physical layer based on the MIMO technology is as follows: A medium access control (MAC) layer sends, to the physical layer, the data in a form of transport blocks (TB); and after receiving the TBs, the physical layer processes the TBs into codewords (CW). Currently, a general procedure of processing TBs into CWs is as follows: A transmit end performs code rate allocation on bit sequences for the TBs based on a quantity of layers of MIMO, then checks, based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code, a plurality of bit sequences obtained through the code rate allocation, and subsequently performs channel coding, rate matching, and code block concatenation to obtain the CWs. The transmit end maps the CWs to transport layers to send the CWs to a receive end. The receive end sequentially decodes, based on a decoding order of the plurality of CWs, the transport layers to which the CWs are mapped.
Because the transmit end initially performs code rate allocation based on the quantity of transport layers, data transmitted between different transport layers is independent of each other without association. For the receive end, in a decoding process, each transport layer performs decoding separately, and a latter transport layer cannot use a decoding result of a former transport layer. That is, a decoding gain of the receive end is limited.
This application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, to improve a decoding gain in multi-codeword transmission.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication method. The method may be performed by a first device. The first device may be a communication device or a communication apparatus that can support the communication device in implementing functions needed in the method, for example, a chip system. An example in which the communication device is the first device is used below for description. For example, the communication device is the first device, a chip disposed in the first device, or another component configured to implement functions of the first device.
The communication method includes: The first device first checks a first bit sequence based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code, to obtain a second bit sequence; then divides the second bit sequence into P bit sequences; and generates Q codewords based on the P bit sequences, and sends the Q codewords to a second device through P transport layers. P is a quantity of transport layers of the first device, P is greater than or equal to 2, and Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The first bit sequence may also be considered as an original data bit stream. Dividing the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences is a code rate allocation process. The Q codewords are transmitted through the P transport layers. In other words, the P bit sequences are transmitted through the P transport layers. The first device first checks the original bit stream based on the CRC code, and then divides the original bit stream into the P bit sequences, that is, performs code rate allocation. In this way, data at different transport layers (codewords) is coupled by using the CRC, so that the data at the different transport layers (codewords) is associated. For a receive end, in a decoding process, a decoding result of the former transport layer (codeword) may be used to decode the latter transport layer (codeword). For example, the receive end may reserve all decoding results of the former transport layer (codeword), and perform joint decoding for the latter transport layer (codeword) by using the reserved decoding results, so that incorrect transmission can be reduced, and a decoding gain of the receive end can be increased. In addition, the data at the different transport layers (codewords) may be coupled based on one CRC. That is, CRC overheads are reduced.
In a possible implementation, the method further includes: The first device sends a first modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index to the second device. The first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords. To be specific, one MCS index may indicate code rates and modulation orders that correspond to a plurality of codewords. For example, one MCS index may correspond to a plurality of groups of code rates and modulation orders, and one group of a code rate and a modulation order corresponds to one codeword. The first device may provide the first MCS index for the second device, so that the second device and the first device have same code rates and same modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords.
In a possible implementation, that the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords includes: The first MCS index corresponds to Q sub-indexes, where the Q sub-indexes are in one-to-one correspondence with the Q codewords, and one of the Q sub-indexes corresponds to one group of a code rate and a modulation order. In an implementation in which the first MCS index indicates the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords, one MCS index may correspond to a plurality of MCS sub-indexes, and one sub-index corresponds to a code rate and a modulation order of one codeword.
In a possible implementation, the method further includes: The first device receives indication information sent by the second device, where the indication information indicates whether the second device uses a first receiving mode. Different second devices use different receivers, and may correspond to different receiving modes. The first receiving mode may also be understood as a strong processing capability of a receiver used by the second device, or a type of a receiver used by the second device. For example, the second device uses a successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver. Therefore, the second device may notify the first device whether the second device uses the first receiving mode. Correspondingly, the first device performs code rate allocation and modulation depending on whether the second device uses the first receiving mode, that is, determines the modulation orders and the code rates that respectively correspond to the Q codewords, that is, determines the first MCS index.
In a possible implementation, the method further includes: The first device determines the first MCS index based on the indication information.
In a possible implementation, Q is equal to P, and the Q codewords are one-to-one mapped to the P transport layers; or Q is less than P, and one of the Q codewords is mapped to one or two layers in the P transport layers. That is, one codeword may be mapped to one transport layer, or may be mapped to a plurality of transport layers.
In a possible implementation, that the first device divides the second bit sequence into P bit sequences includes: The first device divides the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences based on a capacity of each of the P transport layers, where transport layers with different capacities correspond to different lengths of bit sequences. The first device performs code rate allocation based on a capacity of each transport layer in the first receiving mode, that is, designs, by using a capacity difference between transport layers, a codeword with a length matching each transport layer, to improve an encoding gain.
In a possible implementation, a capacity of a kth transport layer in the P transport layers is based on transmit power, interference power, and noise power of the kth transport layer.
In a possible implementation, the capacity Ck of the kth transport layer in the P transport layers satisfies the following formula:
where
According to a second aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication method. The method may be performed by a second device. The second device may be a communication device or a communication apparatus that can support the communication device in implementing functions needed in the method, for example, a chip system. An example in which the communication device is the second device is used below for description. For example, the communication device is the second device, a chip disposed in the second device, or another component configured to implement functions of the second device.
The communication method includes: The second device receives, from P transport layers, Q codewords sent by a first device, and receives a first MCS index sent by the first device. P is an integer greater than or equal to 2, Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords. The second device may be understood as a receive end. The first device may provide the first MCS index for the second device, and the first MCS index may indicate the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords, so that the second device decodes the Q codewords based on the first MCS index. The first MCS index may indicate the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords. To be specific, the first device needs to send signaling only once, to provide, for the second device, the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords, so as to reduce signaling overheads.
In a possible implementation, the method further includes: For an ith codeword in the Q codewords, the second device outputs L1 first estimated sequences corresponding to the ith codeword to a transport layer corresponding to an (i+1)th codeword, where L1 is less than or equal to a list dimension L of a list decoder, and i=1, 2, . . . , Q−1; and for the (i+1)th codeword in the Q codewords, the second device separately performs SIC detection on the L1 first estimated sequences to obtain L1 second estimated sequences, and decodes the L1 second estimated sequences to obtain L2 third estimated sequences, where L2 is greater than or equal to L1. The L2 third estimated sequences are used to determine data corresponding to the Q codewords. The second device may decode the latter codeword by using a decoding result of the former codeword, to increase a decoding gain. For example, in a decoding process, the second device may reserve a plurality of decoding results (estimated sequences) of the ith codeword, to decode the (i+1)th codeword, so that incorrect transmission caused by an error in the estimated sequence can be reduced as much as possible. In addition, joint decoding may be established for the Q codewords, that is, the data of the Q codewords is associated, so that the data of the Q codewords can be checked by using one CRC, to reduce CRC overheads and a code rate loss.
In a possible implementation, that the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords includes:
The first MCS index corresponds to Q sub-indexes, the Q sub-indexes are in one-to-one correspondence with the Q codewords, and one of the Q sub-indexes corresponds to one group of a code rate and a modulation order.
In a possible implementation, the method further includes: The second device sends indication information to the first device, where the indication information indicates whether the second device uses a first receiving mode.
In a possible implementation, Q is equal to P, and the Q codewords are one-to-one mapped to the P transport layers; or Q is less than P, and one of the Q codewords is mapped to one or two layers in the P transport layers.
For technical effects brought by the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect, refer to descriptions of technical effects of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus has functions of implementing actions in the method embodiment of any one of the first aspect and the second aspect. For beneficial effects, refer to the descriptions of the first aspect and the second aspect. Details are not described herein again.
The communication apparatus may be the first device in the first aspect, or the communication apparatus may be an apparatus that can implement the method provided in the first aspect, for example, a chip or a chip system. In a possible design, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding means or module configured to perform the method in the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes referred to as a processing module or a processor) and/or a transceiver unit (sometimes referred to as a transceiver module or a transceiver). The transceiver unit may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. It may also be understood as that the sending unit and the receiving unit are a same functional module. Alternatively, the transceiver unit is understood as a general term of the sending unit and the receiving unit, and the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules. These units (modules) may perform a corresponding function in the method example in the first aspect. For details, refer to the detailed descriptions in the method example. Details are not described herein again.
The communication apparatus may be the second device in the second aspect, or the communication apparatus may be an apparatus that can implement the method provided in the second aspect, for example, a chip or a chip system. In a possible design, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding means or module configured to perform the method in the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes referred to as a processing module or a processor) and/or a transceiver unit (sometimes referred to as a transceiver module or a transceiver). The transceiver unit may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. It may also be understood as that the sending unit and the receiving unit are a same functional module. Alternatively, the transceiver unit is understood as a general term of the sending unit and the receiving unit, and the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules. These units (modules) may perform a corresponding function in the method example in the second aspect. For details, refer to the detailed descriptions in the method example. Details are not described herein again.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be the communication apparatus in any one of the third aspect and the fourth aspect, or a chip or a chip system disposed in the communication apparatus in any one of the third aspect and the fourth aspect. The communication apparatus may be a first device or a second device. The communication apparatus includes a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program. The processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program or instructions, the communication apparatus is enabled to perform the method performed by the first device or the second device in the foregoing methods.
According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus includes an input/output interface and a logic circuit. The input/output interface is configured to input and/or output information. The logic circuit is configured to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.
According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor, and may further include a memory and/or a communication interface, configured to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect. In a possible implementation, the chip system further includes a memory, configured to store a computer program. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and another discrete component.
According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first device and a second device. The first device is configured to perform the method performed by the first device in the first aspect, and the second device is configured to perform the method performed by the second device in the second aspect. Certainly, the communication system may include more first devices or more second devices.
According to an eighth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is run, the method in any one of the first aspect and the second aspect is implemented.
According to a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code, and when the computer program code is run, the method in any one of the first aspect and the second aspect is performed.
For beneficial effects of the third aspect to the ninth aspect and the implementations of the third aspect to the ninth aspect, refer to descriptions of beneficial effects of the first aspect and the second aspect and the implementations of the first aspect and the second aspect.
The technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application may be applied to a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, for example, a new radio (NR) system, or applied to a long term evolution (LTE) system, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, or may be further applied to a next generation mobile communication system or another similar communication system. The technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application may also be applied to a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, an internet of things (IoT) system, a narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) system, and the like, for example, a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)-based IoT network or a wearable Wi-Fi network.
In an example,
In embodiments of this application, the terminal device is a device having a wireless transceiver function, and may send a signal to the network device, or receive a signal from the network device. The terminal device may include user equipment (UE), and sometimes is also referred to as a terminal, an access station, a UE station, a remote station, a wireless communication device, a user apparatus, or the like. The terminal device is configured to connect persons, objects, machines, and the like, and may be widely used in various scenarios. For example, the terminal device includes but is not limited to terminal devices in the following scenarios: cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), V2X, satellite communication, machine-to-machine/machine-type communication (M2M/MTC), IoT, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self driving, remote medical, a smart grid, smart furniture, a smart office, a smart wearable, smart transportation, a smart city, an uncrewed aerial vehicle, and a robot.
By way of example but not limitation, in embodiments of this application, the terminal device may alternatively be a wearable device. The wearable device may also be referred to as a wearable intelligent device, an intelligent wearable device, or the like, and is a general term of wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed for daily wear by using a wearable technology, for example, glasses, gloves, watches, clothes, and shoes. If the various terminal devices described above are located in a vehicle (for example, placed in the vehicle or installed in the vehicle), the terminal devices may be all considered as vehicle-mounted terminal devices. For example, the vehicle-mounted terminal device is also referred to as an on-board unit (OBU). The terminal device in this application may alternatively be a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted assembly, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit that is built in the vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle uses the vehicle-mounted module, the vehicle-mounted assembly, the vehicle-mounted component, the vehicle-mounted chip, or the vehicle-mounted unit that is built in the vehicle, to implement the method in this application.
In embodiments of this application, a communication apparatus configured to implement functions of the terminal device may be the terminal device, or may be an apparatus, for example, a chip system, that can support the terminal device in implementing the functions. The apparatus may be installed in the terminal device. In the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application, the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application are described by using an example in which the apparatus configured to implement the functions of the terminal device is the terminal device.
In embodiments of this application, the network device may be an access device through which the terminal device accesses a mobile communication system in a wireless manner, for example, includes an access network (AN) device, for example, a base station. The network device may alternatively be a device that communicates with the terminal device through an air interface. The network device may include an evolved NodeB (also referred to as an eNB or an e-NodeB) in an LTE system or a long term evolution (LTE-A) system. The network device may alternatively include a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G NR system. The network device may alternatively include an access node or the like in a Wi-Fi system. The network device may alternatively be a station, a relay station, a satellite, a vehicle-mounted device, a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) device, a device in a D2D network, a device in a machine-to-machine (M2M) network, a device in an internet of things IoT network, a network device in a PLMN network, or the like. A specific technology and a specific device form that are used by the network device are not limited in embodiments of this application.
In addition, the base station in embodiments of this application may include a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), and a plurality of DUs may be centrally controlled by one CU. The CU and the DU may be divided based on a protocol layer function that the CU and the DU each have in a wireless network. For example, functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and a protocol layer above the packet data convergence protocol layer are set on the CU, and functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer, for example, a radio link control (RLC) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer, are set on the DU. It should be noted that such protocol layer division is merely an example, and division may be performed at another protocol layer. A radio frequency apparatus may be remotely disposed and not placed in the DU, or may be integrated into the DU, or may be partially remotely disposed and partially integrated into the DU. This is not limited in embodiments of this application. In addition, in some embodiments, a control plane (CP) and a user plane (UP) of the CU may be separated into different entities for implementation, where the entities are respectively a control plane CU entity (CU-CP entity) and a user plane CU entity (CU-UP entity). The control plane CU-CP of the CU further includes a further division architecture. In other words, an existing CU-CP is further divided into a CU-CP 1 and a CU-CP 2. The CU-CP 1 includes various radio resource management functions, and the CU-CP 2 includes only an RRC function and a PDCP-C function (a basic function of control plane signaling at the PDCP layer). In this network architecture, signaling generated by the CU may be sent to the terminal device through the DU, or signaling generated by the UE may be sent to the CU through the DU. The DU may transparently transmit the signaling to the UE or the CU by directly encapsulating the signaling at the protocol layer without parsing the signaling. In this network architecture, the CU is classified as a network device on a radio access network (RAN) side. In addition, the CU may alternatively be classified as a network device on a core network (CN) side. This is not limited in this application.
In embodiments of this application, a communication apparatus configured to implement functions of the network device may be the network device, or may be an apparatus, for example, a chip system, that can support the network device in implementing the functions. The apparatus may be installed in the network device. In the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application, the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application are described by using an example in which the apparatus configured to implement the functions of the network device is the network device.
In embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, a quantity of nouns represents “a singular noun or a plural noun”, that is, “one or more”. “At least one” means one or more, and “a plurality of” means two or more. “And/or” describes an association relationship between associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may indicate the following three cases: A exists alone, both A and B exist, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the associated objects. For example, A/B indicates A or B. “At least one of the following items (pieces)” or a similar expression thereof means any combination of these items, including any combination of singular items (pieces) or plural items (pieces). For example, at least one item (piece) of a, b, or c indicates a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural.
Ordinal numerals such as “first” and “second” mentioned in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not intended to limit sizes, content, an order, a time sequence, application scenarios, priorities, importance degrees, or the like of the plurality of objects. For example, a first bit sequence and a second bit sequence may be a same bit sequence, or may be different bit sequences. In addition, such names do not indicate that the two bit sequences are different in length, content, priority, application scenario, importance degrees, or the like.
Embodiments of this application mainly relate to a single-user multiple-input and multiple-output (SU-MIMO) solution. For ease of understanding embodiments of this application, the following first describes related concepts in embodiments of this application.
To improve a system throughput, a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is introduced. The MIMO technology refers to the use of a plurality of transmit antennas and a plurality of receive antennas respectively at a transmit end and a receive end. That is, there are a plurality of independent channels between the transmit end and the receive end. In other words, there is sufficient spacing between antenna elements. Therefore, the MIMO technology can eliminate inter-line signal correlation, improve signal link performance, and increase a data throughput. The transmit end is a terminal device, and the receive end may be a base station. Alternatively, the transmit end is a base station, and the receive end may be a terminal device.
In an NR system, a main processing procedure of transmitting data at a physical layer based on the MIMO technology is as follows: A MAC layer sends the data to the physical layer in a form of a transport block (TB). It may also be considered that the TB is a basic data unit transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer, and a TB size (TBS) is determined in a transmission process and does not change subsequently. After receiving the TB, the physical layer processes the TB into a CW. A process of converting the TB into the CW may also be understood as a bit-level encoding process. Generally, operations such as CRC, code block segmentation, channel encoding, rate matching, and code block concatenation are performed on a bit stream corresponding to the TB, and a data unit output after the code block concatenation is the CW.
The NR system may support 2-CW transmission. The transmit end may perform 1-CW or 2-CW transmission. For example, the transmit end may map one CW to different layers of MIMO for transmission, or may map two CWs to different layers of MIMO for transmission. Embodiments of this application mainly relate to mapping two CWs to different layers of MIMO for transmission. Therefore, the following mainly describes related content of mapping the two CWs to the different layers of MIMO for transmission.
The receive end may use SIC for decoding. For example, the receive end may perform joint decoding by using a minimum mean square error (MMSE) and SIC. For another example, the receive end may perform joint decoding by using zero forcing (ZF) equalization and SIC. The receive end first determines a decoding order of a plurality of codewords, and successively decodes the codewords in the decoding order of the codewords. The following describes a decoding process at the receive end in which a receiver uses an MMSE-SIC decoding scheme.
First, the receive end performs MMSE estimation on a data symbol transmitted at the first layer, to obtain a first estimated symbol. Then, the receive end sends the first estimated symbol to a CRC-aided (CA) successive cancellation list (SCL) decoder for decoding. The CA-SCL decoder generates eight decoding paths, which may be understood as that the CA-SCL decoder may obtain eight second estimated sequences through the decoding. A second estimated sequence that passes CRC in the eight second estimated sequences is an estimated sequence (also referred to as an optimal estimated sequence) output by the CA-SCL decoder, where the optimal estimated sequence is the estimated sequence that passes the CRC. If none of the eight estimated sequences fail to pass the CRC, the decoding fails. Subsequently, the receive end re-modulates the optimal estimated sequence output by the CA-SCL decoder into a modulation symbol sequence corresponding to the first layer, and then eliminates impact on data at a next layer from an original received symbol sequence based on the modulation symbol sequence, to obtain a received symbol sequence in which the impact is eliminated. The second layer is decoded based on the received symbol sequence in which the impact of the first layer is eliminated. Decoding the second layer based on the received symbol sequence in which the impact of the first layer is eliminated is similar to decoding the first layer. To be specific, MMSE estimation is performed on the received symbol sequence in which the impact of the first layer is eliminated and that is transmitted at the second layer, and decoding is performed by using the CA-SCL decoder. For details, refer to a process of decoding the first layer. Details are not described herein again.
In the procedure shown in
In view of this, solutions of embodiments of this application are provided. In embodiments of this application, a transmit end may first check an original bit sequence based on a CRC code, and then performs code rate allocation. In this way, data at different transport layers is coupled by using the CRC, so that the data at the different transport layers is associated. Therefore, in a decoding process, a receive end may decode the latter transport layer (codeword) by using a decoding result of the former transport layer (codeword), to increase a decoding gain of the receive end. For example, in a decoding process, a second device may reserve a plurality of decoding results (estimated sequences) of an ith codeword, to decode an (i+1)th codeword, so that incorrect transmission caused by an error in the estimated sequence can be reduced as much as possible. In addition, joint decoding may be established for Q codewords, that is, data of the Q codewords is associated, so that the data of the Q codewords can be checked by using one CRC, to reduce CRC overheads and a code rate loss.
The following describes the technical solutions provided in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of this application provides a communication method. The method may be applied to any communication system, provided that a transmit end communicates with a receive end. In the following descriptions, the communication method is applied to the communication system shown in
S401: The first device checks a first bit sequence based on a CRC code, to obtain a second bit sequence.
The first bit sequence is a bit stream corresponding to original data sent by the first device to the second device. In this embodiment of this application, when sending the data to the second device, the first device may check the first bit sequence based on the CRC code, that is, perform CRC on the first bit sequence. It should be understood that the second bit sequence may be generated by performing CRC check on the first bit sequence. For example, as shown in
S402: The first device divides the second bit sequence into P bit sequences, where Pis a quantity of transport layers of the first device, and P is greater than or equal to 2.
In this embodiment of this application, after the second bit sequence is obtained, code rate allocation may be performed. For example, the first device may determine a code rate to perform code rate allocation on the second bit sequence, for example, divide the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences. The first device determines the code rate differently based on a receiving mode (for example, a first receiving mode) of the second device. Details are described below.
The first device may divide the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences based on the quantity P of transport layers of the first device, and one of the P bit sequences corresponds to one of the P transport layers. In a possible implementation, the first device may divide the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences based on a capacity of each of the P transport layers, which may also be understood as that the first device matches the second bit sequence to the P transport layers based on capacities of the P transport layers. Transport layers with different capacities may correspond to different lengths of bit sequences. Optionally, the capacity of each transport layer is a capacity of the transport layer in the first receiving mode of the second device.
A capacity of any one of the P transport layers may be based on transmit power, interference power, and noise power of the transport layer. For example, a capacity Ck of a kth transport layer in the P transport layers satisfies the following formula:
k=1, 2, . . . , P, Pk is transmit power of each antenna of the first device, No is noise power, hk is a kth column for a channel H, Nr is a quantity of receive antennas, Nt is a quantity of transmit antennas, and h*k is a conjugate transpose of hk.
and a length of a bit sequence corresponding to the second layer is K2=K+24−K1. As shown in
S403: The first device generates Q codewords based on the P bit sequences.
After obtaining the P bit sequences, the first device separately performs polar code encoding on the P bit sequences to obtain corresponding polar code codewords, performs rate matching and interleaving to obtain the Q codewords, and finally maps modulation symbols of the Q codewords to the P transport layers and sends the modulation symbols to the second device.
In this embodiment of this application, when performing transmission based on a plurality of CWs, the first device first performs CRC code check on the original data bit stream, namely, the first bit sequence, and then performs code rate allocation, polar code encoding, rate matching, interleaving, modulation, and the like. In comparison with a current case in which code rate allocation is first performed, and then CRC code check, polar code encoding, rate matching, interleaving, and modulation are performed, because CRC code check is first performed, a quantity of CRCs that need to be set by the first device can be reduced. For example, two CRCs need to be set in
In addition, the CRC is first performed on the first bit sequence, and then the code rate allocation is performed. This is equivalent to coupling data at different transport layers by using the CRC, so that the data at the different transport layers is associated. For ease of understanding, refer to
In this embodiment of this application, a process in which the first device generates the Q codewords based on the P bit sequences further involves TBS calculation. A TBS is related to a quantity (v) of transport layers, a code rate (R1, R2, . . . ), a modulation order (Qm1, Qm2, . . . ), and a quantity (NRE) of resource elements (RE). For example, a quantity of message bits to be transmitted at each transport layer may be determined based on the quantity of transport layers, the code rate, the modulation order, and the quantity of REs, and then the TBS is determined based on the quantity of message bits. For example, a quantity of message bits to be transmitted at a first transport layer is Ninfo_1=NRE×Qm1×R1×v, and a quantity of message bits to be transmitted at a second transport layer is Ninfo_2=NRE×Qm2×R2×v. It can be learned that to determine the quantity of message bits at each transport layer, an MCS index needs to be determined, to determine a corresponding modulation order and code rate. In addition, when dividing the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences, the first device also needs to determine a receiving mode of the second device to determine the code rate. That is, the first device also needs to determine the MCS index, to further determine the code rate. Currently, an MCS index is separately determined for each codeword. In other words, one MCS index corresponds to one group of a code rate and a modulation order.
However, in this embodiment of this application, one MCS index may indicate code rates and modulation orders corresponding to a plurality of codewords. For example, Table 1 shows an MCS index table. In Table 1, Q=2 is used as an example. To be specific, one MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders corresponding to two codewords. For ease of differentiation, in Table 1, an code rate and a modulation order corresponding to boldface correspond to one codeword, and an code rate and a modulation order corresponding to non-boldface correspond to the other codeword.
2
120
0.2344
2
157
0.3066
2
193
0.3770
2
251
0.4902
2
308
0.6016
2
379
0.7402
2
449
0.8770
2
526
1.0273
2
602
1.1758
2
679
1.3262
4
340
1.3281
4
378
1.4766
4
434
1.6953
4
490
1.9141
4
553
2.1602
4
616
2.4063
4
658
2.5703
6
438
2.5664
6
466
2.7305
6
517
3.0293
6
567
3.3223
6
616
3.6094
6
666
3.9023
6
719
4.2129
6
772
4.5234
6
822
4.8164
6
873
5.1152
6
910
5.3320
6
948
5.5547
2
It can be learned from Table 1 that one MCS index may correspond to the modulation orders and the code rates respectively corresponding to the plurality of codewords. In other words, one MCS index corresponds to a plurality of groups of modulation orders and code rates, and one of the plurality of groups of modulation orders and code rates corresponds to one codeword. It should be noted that Table 1 is merely an example, and a modulation order and a code rate that correspond to one codeword are not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In an alternative implementation, one MCS index may correspond to a plurality of MCS sub-indexes, and each MCS sub-index may correspond to a modulation order and an encoding rate of one codeword. For example, Table 2 shows another MCS index table.
It can be learned from Table 2 that one MCS index may correspond to a plurality of MCS sub-indexes. One MCS sub-index may correspond to one group of a modulation order and a code rate. One MCS sub-index corresponds to one codeword. Therefore, based on Table 2, the MCS index is determined. In other words, the plurality of MCS sub-indexes are determined. To be specific, the modulation orders and the code rates respectively corresponding to the plurality of codewords are determined. It should be noted that Table 2 is merely an example. A correspondence between an MCS index and an MCS sub-index is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
S404: The second device sends indication information to the first device, and correspondingly, the first device receives the indication information from the second device.
The indication information may indicate the receiving mode of the second device, so that the first device determines, based on the indication information, modulation orders and code rates respectively corresponding to the Q codewords. It may be understood that a manner in which the first device sends data varies with the receiving mode of the second device. For example, the second device receives the data from the first device in the first receiving mode, and the first device may send the data based on the procedure shown in
The second device may provide the receiving mode of the second device for the first device. For example, the indication information indicates whether the second device uses the first receiving mode, so that the first device selects an appropriate MCS index. For example, the second device uses the first receiving mode, and the first device may determine, based on Table 1 or Table 2, the modulation orders and the code rates that correspond to the Q codewords, that is, determine the MCS index (for example, referred to as a first MCS index). The second device does not use the first receiving mode, and the first device may continue to use a current MCS index table (to be specific, one MCS index corresponds to a modulation order and a code rate of one codeword) to determine a to-be-used MCS index.
It may be understood that S404 is performed before S402.
S405: The first device sends the first MCS index to the second device, and correspondingly, the second device receives the first MCS index sent by the first device.
The first MCS index may indicate the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords. After receiving the first MCS index, the second device may determine, based on Table 1 or Table 2, the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords, and further decode the Q codewords, to determine data corresponding to the Q codewords.
S406: The first device sends the Q codewords to the second device through the P transport layers, and correspondingly, the second device receives, from the P transport layers, the Q codewords sent by the first device. Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
The Q codewords may be mapped to the P transport layers, and sent to the second device through the P transport layers. When Q is equal to P, the Q codewords are one-to-one mapped to the P transport layers. When Q is less than P, one of the Q codewords is mapped to one or two layers in the P transport layers.
For example, mapping relationships between the Q codewords and the P transport layers may be shown in Table 3. Table 3 uses Q=2 and P=2, 3, or 4 as an example.
Msymblayer is a quantity of complex number-type modulation symbols of one transport layer. i is a modulation symbol index value of one transport layer, and i=0, 1, . . . , or Msymblayer−1. Msymb(0) is a quantity of complex number-type modulation symbols of a codeword 0, and Msymb(1) is a quantity of complex number-type modulation symbols of a codeword 1. d(0) is a complex number-type modulation symbol stream of the codeword 0, and d(1) is a complex number-type modulation symbol stream of the codeword 1. x(0) to x(3) are complex number-type modulation symbol streams of transport layers 0 to 3.
It can be learned from Table 3 that when P=3 and Q=2, the codeword 0 may be mapped to one transport layer, and the codeword 1 is mapped to the other two transport layers. For example, a length of a modulation symbol data stream of the codeword 0 is 2, that is, [d(0)(0), d(0) (1)], and a length of a modulation symbol data stream of the codeword 1 is 4, that is, [d(1) (0), d(1) (1), d(1) (2), d(1) (3)]. It can be learned from Table 3 that:
S407: The second device determines the data corresponding to the Q codewords.
After receiving the Q codewords from the P transport layers, the second device decodes the Q codewords, to determine the data corresponding to the Q codewords. The first device may perform joint decoding by using an MMSE and SIC. For example, still refer to
In an implementable, for an ith codeword in the Q codewords, the second device outputs L first estimated sequences corresponding to the ith codeword to a transport layer corresponding to an (i+1)th codeword. L1 is less than or equal to a list dimension of the list decoder, where i=1, 2, . . . , Q−1, or i=0, 1, . . . , Q−2. The list decoder may be the SCL decoder. For the (i+1)th codeword in the Q codewords, the second device separately performs SIC detection on L1 first estimated sequences to obtain L1 second estimated sequences, and decodes the L1 second estimated sequences to obtain L1 third estimated sequences. The second device determines, based on the L1 third estimated sequences and the first MCS index, the data corresponding to the Q codewords.
For ease of understanding, still refer to
The second device performs MMSE estimation on a data symbol transmitted at the first layer, and sends an estimated sequence obtained through the MMSE estimation to the SCL decoder for decoding. It may be understood that the SCL decoder generates L decoding paths, or it may be understood as that the SCL decoder may obtain the L estimated sequences (for example, referred to as the first estimated sequences) through the decoding. It should be understood that L is the list dimension of the SCL decoder. L=8 is used as an example. The SCL decoder first generates one first estimated sequence after receiving the estimated sequence obtained through the MMSE estimation, generates two first estimated sequences based on the first estimated sequence, and separately generates two first estimated sequences based on each of the two first estimated sequences, that is, generates four first estimated sequences. By analogy, L=8, and the SCL decoder may generate eight first estimated sequences.
In this embodiment of this application, an SCL decoder of the first layer may output L1 first estimated sequences in the L first estimated sequences to the second layer, where L1 is less than or equal to L. A decoding process of the second layer is similar to a decoding process of the first layer. To be specific, the second layer separately detects each of the received L1 first estimated sequences by using an MMSE-SIC detector, to obtain L1 second estimated sequences. The L1 second estimated sequences may be decoded by using one or more SCL decoders, to obtain L2 third estimated sequences. The second device determines, based on the L2 third estimated sequences and the first MCS index, the data corresponding to the Q codewords. Because the L1 first estimated sequences of the first layer are output to the second layer, incorrect transmission can be reduced. It may be understood that, after receiving the L1 first estimated sequences output by the first layer, the second layer re-modulates the L1 first estimated sequences into modulation symbol sequences corresponding to the first layer, to obtain L1 modulation symbol sequences. Then, the L1 modulation symbol sequences are deleted from an original received symbol sequence, that is, impact on data at a next layer is eliminated, and L1 second estimated sequences after impact of the first layer is eliminated are obtained. The second layer decodes the L1 second estimated sequences by using the one or more SCL decoders, to obtain the L2 third estimated sequences.
The second layer may decode the received L1 second estimated sequences by using the one or more SCL decoders, to obtain the L2 third estimated sequences. For ease of description, an SCL decoder corresponding to the former codeword is referred to as a first SCL decoder below, and an SCL decoder corresponding to the latter codeword is referred to as a second SCL decoder below.
For example,
For example,
In this embodiment of this application, the first device (transmit end) first checks the original bit sequence based on the CRC code, and then performs code rate allocation, to couple the data at the different transport layers (codewords) by using the CRC, so that the data at the different transport layers (codewords) is associated. For the second device (receive end), in the decoding process, the decoding result of the former codeword may be used to decode the latter codeword. For example, in the decoding process, the second device may reserve a plurality of decoding results (estimated sequences) of the ith codeword, to decode the (i+1)th codeword, so that incorrect transmission caused by an error in the estimated sequence can be reduced as much as possible, to increase the decoding gain of the receive end. In addition, association may be established between data of a plurality of codewords by using one CRC code. That is, joint decoding is established for the plurality of codewords. In this way, during decoding, check on the data of the plurality of codewords can be completed by using one CRC. In other words, one optimal estimated sequence is selected from a plurality of estimated sequences to complete decoding, to reduce CRC overheads and a code rate loss.
In embodiments provided in this application, the methods provided in embodiments of this application are described separately from perspectives of the first device, the second device, and interaction between the first device and the second device. To implement functions in the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments of this application, the first device and the second device may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and implement the foregoing functions in a form of the hardware structure, the software module, or a combination of the hardware structure and the software module. Whether a function in the foregoing functions is performed by the hardware structure, the software module, or the combination of the hardware structure and the software module depends on particular applications and design constraints of the technical solutions.
The following describes a communication apparatus for implementing the foregoing methods in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In some possible implementations, the communication apparatus 1000 can correspondingly implement behavior and functions of the first device in the foregoing method embodiments. The communication apparatus 1000 may be the first device, may be a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) used in the first device, or may be a chip or a chip set in the first device, or a part that is of the chip and that is configured to perform a related method function.
For example, the communication apparatus 1000 implements the method performed by the first device in embodiments of this application. The transceiver module 1020 may be configured to receive first information. The processing module 1010 is configured to: check a first bit sequence based on a CRC code to obtain a second bit sequence, divide the second bit sequence into P bit sequences, and generate Q codewords based on the P bit sequences, where P is a quantity of transport layers of the communication apparatus 1000, P is greater than or equal to 2, and Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The transceiver module 1020 is configured to send the Q codewords to a second device through the P transport layers.
In an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1020 is further configured to send a first MCS index to the second device, where the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords.
In an optional implementation, that the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords includes: The first MCS index corresponds to Q sub-indexes, where the Q sub-indexes are in one-to-one correspondence with the Q codewords, and one of the Q sub-indexes corresponds to one group of a code rate and a modulation order.
In an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1020 is further configured to receive indication information sent by the second device, where the indication information indicates whether the second device uses a first receiving mode.
In an optional implementation, the processing module 1010 is further configured to determine the first MCS index based on the indication information.
In an optional implementation, Q is equal to P, and the Q codewords are one-to-one mapped to the P transport layers; or Q is less than P, and one of the Q codewords is mapped to one or two layers in the P transport layers.
In an optional implementation, the processing module 1010 is configured to divide the second bit sequence into the P bit sequences based on a capacity of each of the P transport layers, where transport layers with different capacities correspond to different lengths of bit sequences.
In an optional implementation, a capacity of a kth transport layer in the P transport layers is based on transmit power, interference power, and noise power of the kth transport layer.
In an optional implementation, the capacity Ck of the kth transport layer in the P transport layers satisfies the following formula:
For another example, the communication apparatus 1000 implements the method performed by the second device in any embodiment of this application. The transceiver module 1020 is configured to: receive, from P transport layers, Q codewords sent by a first device, and receive a first MCS index sent by the first device. P is an integer greater than or equal to 2, Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords. The processing module 1010 is configured to determine, based on the first MCS index, the code rates and the modulation orders that respectively correspond to the Q codewords.
In an optional implementation, the processing module 1010 is further configured to: for an ith codeword in the Q codewords, output L1 first estimated sequences corresponding to the ith codeword to a transport layer corresponding to an (i+1)th codeword, where L1 is less than or equal to a list dimension L of a list decoder, and i=1, 2, . . . , Q−1; and for the (i+1)th codeword in the Q codewords, separately perform SIC detection on the L1 first estimated sequences to obtain L1 second estimated sequences, and decode the L1 second estimated sequences to obtain L2 third estimated sequences, where L2 is greater than or equal to L1.
In an optional implementation, that the first MCS index indicates code rates and modulation orders that correspond to the Q codewords includes: The first MCS index corresponds to Q sub-indexes, where the Q sub-indexes are in one-to-one correspondence with the Q codewords, and one of the Q sub-indexes corresponds to one group of a code rate and a modulation order.
In an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1020 is further configured to send indication information to the first device, where the indication information indicates whether the second device uses a first receiving mode.
In an optional implementation, Q is equal to P, and the Q codewords are one-to-one mapped to the P transport layers; or Q is less than P, and one of the Q codewords is mapped to one or two layers in the P transport layers.
It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the processing module 1010 may be implemented as a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and the transceiver module 1020 may be implemented as a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component or a communication interface.
The communication apparatus 1100 includes one or more processors 1101 that may be configured to implement or support the communication apparatus 1100 in implementing the functions of the first device in the methods provided in embodiments of this application. For details, refer to the detailed descriptions in the method examples. Details are not described herein again. The one or more processors 1101 may alternatively be configured to implement or support the communication apparatus 1100 in implementing the functions of the second device in the methods provided in embodiments of this application. For details, refer to the detailed descriptions in the method examples. Details are not described herein again. The processor 1101 may also be referred to as a processing unit or a processing module, and may implement a specific control function. The processor 1101 may be a general-purpose processor, a dedicated processor, or the like. For example, the processor 1101 includes: a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processing unit, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video codec processor, a controller, a memory, and/or a neural-network processing unit. The central processing unit may be configured to control the communication apparatus 1100, execute a software program, and/or process data. Different processors may be independent components, or may be integrated into one or more processors, for example, integrated into one or more application-specific integrated circuits.
Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 includes one or more memories 1102, configured to store instructions 1104. The instructions may be run on the processor 1101, to enable the communication apparatus 1100 to perform the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. The memory 1102 and the processor 1101 may be separately disposed, or may be integrated together, or it may be considered that the memory 1102 is coupled to the processor 1101. The coupling in this embodiment of this application may be an indirect coupling or a communication connection between apparatuses, units, or modules in an electrical form, a mechanical form, or another form, and is used for information exchange between the apparatuses, the units, or the modules. The processor 1101 may operate in collaboration with the memory 1102. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor. It should be noted that the memory 1102 is not necessary, and therefore is shown by using dashed lines in
Optionally, the memory 1102 may further store data. The processor and the memory may be separately disposed, or may be integrated together. In this embodiment of this application, the memory 1102 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or may be a volatile memory, such as a random access memory (RAM). The memory is any other medium that can carry or store expected program code in a form of an instruction structure or a data structure and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in this embodiment of this application may alternatively be a circuit or any other apparatus that can implement a storage function, and is configured to store program instructions and/or data.
Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 may include instructions 1103 (which may also be referred to as code or a program sometimes), and the instructions 1103 may be run on the processor, to enable the communication apparatus 1100 to perform the methods described in the foregoing embodiments. The processor 1101 may store data.
Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 may further include a transceiver 1105 and an antenna 1106. The transceiver 1105 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver module, a transceiver machine, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, an input/output interface, or the like, and is configured to implement a transceiver function of the communication apparatus 1100 through the antenna 1106.
The processor 1101 and the transceiver 1105 described in this application may be implemented in an integrated circuit (IC), an analog IC, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFID), a hybrid signal IC, an ASIC, a printed circuit board (PCB), an electronic device, or the like. The communication apparatus described in this specification may be an independent device (for example, an independent integrated circuit or a mobile phone), or may be a part of a large device (for example, a module that may be embedded in another device). For details, refer to the foregoing descriptions about the terminal device and the network device. Details are not described herein again.
Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 may further include one or more of the following components: a wireless communication module, an audio module, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a power management module, an antenna, a speaker, a microphone, an input/output module, a sensor module, a motor, a camera, a display, or the like. It may be understood that in some embodiments, the communication apparatus 1100 may include more or fewer components, or some components are integrated, or some components are split. These components may be hardware, software, or a combination implementation of software and hardware.
It should be noted that the communication apparatus in the foregoing embodiments may be the first device (or the second device), may be a circuit, may be a chip used in the first device (or the second device), or may be another combined device, component, or the like that has functions of the first device (or the second device). When the communication apparatus is the first device (or the second device), the transceiver module may be a transceiver, and may include an antenna, a radio frequency circuit, and the like. The processing module may be a processor, for example, a central processing unit (CPU). When the communication apparatus is a component that has the functions of the first device (or the second device), the transceiver module may be a radio frequency unit, and the processing module may be a processor. When the communication apparatus is a chip system, the communication apparatus may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a CPU, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), a micro controller unit (MCU), a programmable controller (PLD), or another integrated chip. The processing module may be a processor of the chip system. The transceiver module or the communication interface may be an input/output interface or an interface circuit of the chip system. For example, the interface circuit may be a code/data read/write interface circuit. The interface circuit may be configured to receive code instructions (the code instructions are stored in the memory and may be directly read from the memory, or may be read from the memory through another component) and transmit the code instructions to the processor. The processor may be configured to run the code instructions to perform the methods in the foregoing method embodiments. For another example, the interface circuit may alternatively be a signal transmission interface circuit between a communication processor and the transceiver machine.
When the communication apparatus is a chip apparatus or circuit, the apparatus may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit. The transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit and/or a communication interface. The processing unit is an integrated processor, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit.
An embodiment of this application further provides a communication system. The communication system includes at least one first device and at least one second device. For example, the communication system includes the first device and the second device that are configured to implement the related functions in
An embodiment of this application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions. When the instructions are run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method performed by the second device in
An embodiment of this application further provides a computer program product, including instructions. When the instructions are run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method performed by the second device in
An embodiment of this application provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor, and may further include a memory, configured to implement the functions of the second device in the foregoing methods, or configured to implement the functions of the first device in the foregoing methods. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and another discrete component.
It should be understood that sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean execution sequences in various embodiments of this application. The execution sequences of the processes should be determined based on functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not be construed as any limitation on the implementation processes of embodiments of this application.
A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, illustrative logical blocks and steps described with reference to embodiments disclosed in this specification may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are executed by hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraints of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this application.
It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, for the purpose of convenient and brief description, for detailed a working process of the foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, refer to a corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments. Details are not described herein again.
In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatus embodiments are merely examples. For example, division into the units is merely logical function division and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in an electronic form, a mechanical form, or another form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on an actual requirement to achieve the objectives of the solutions of embodiments.
When the functions are implemented in a form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, a part that essentially contributes to the technical solutions of this application or a part of the technical solutions may be embodied in a form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) to perform all or some steps of the methods in embodiments of this application. The foregoing storage medium includes any medium, for example, a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disc, that can store program code.
It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. In this way, this application is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of the claims of this application and equivalent technologies thereof.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202210574966.0 | May 2022 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2023/091496, filed on Apr. 28, 2023, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210574966.0, filed on May 24, 2022. The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2023/091496 | Apr 2023 | WO |
| Child | 18951683 | US |
