Patent Application
20250158734
The present invention relates to a communication system, an extension station, a communication method, and a communication system making method.
Radio waves in a millimeter-wave band are attracting attention because the radio waves can be transmitted at high speeds. However, because radio waves in the millimeter-wave band have large propagation loss, it is necessary to install wireless base stations at high density.
As a method of installing a wireless base station, a method of applying analog radio-over-fiber (RoF) is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. Analog RoF is technology in which an optical signal is intensity-modulated with a radio signal and the intensity-modulated optical signal is transmitted through an optical fiber, and can extract an original radio signal by performing optical-to-electrical (O/E) conversion for the transmitted optical signal.
By applying analog RoF, wireless base stations can be separated into an aggregate station that performs signal processing and an extension station having an antenna function, and a signal processing function can be integrated into the aggregate station. Thereby, it is possible to simplify and more easily install the extension station.
Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that the aggregate station and the extension stations are connected according to a cascade configuration so that the extension stations are installed more easily. Each extension station branches an optical signal input from upstream equipment with an optical splitter, outputs a partial optical signal to downstream equipment, and locally processes the remaining optical signal.
All optical splitters provided in the extension stations of Non-Patent Document 2 basically have the same branching ratio. However, as the number of extension stations provided between the extension station and the aggregate station increases, a magnitude of an optical signal received by the extension station away from the aggregate station may decrease. Moreover, the magnitudes of the optical signals received by extension stations may be different.
The present invention provides a communication system, an extension station, a communication method, and a communication system making method for reducing a variation in a magnitude of an optical signal to be supplied to a plurality of extension stations.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication system including: an aggregate station configured to transmit and receive a signal; and N extension stations (N is an integer of 2 or more), wherein the N extension stations include a first extension station configured to receive a signal from the aggregate station and transmit a signal to a second extension station; an ith extension station (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) configured to receive a signal from an (i−1)th extension station and transmit a signal to an (i+1)th extension station; and an Nth extension station configured to receive a signal from an (N−1)th extension station, wherein a ratio between a magnitude of a signal to be received by an ith extension station (1≤i≤N−1) and a magnitude of a signal to be transmitted thereby is (N−i+1):(N−i).
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an extension station in an optical communication system having an aggregate station at a head and a plurality of extension stations connected in series, the extension station including: a splitter configured to branch a signal input from upstream equipment into a signal to be processed locally and a signal to be transmitted to an extension station connected to a downstream side, wherein, when the total number of extension stations connected to the downstream side is denoted by j, a ratio between a magnitude of a signal to be received by the splitter and a magnitude of a signal to be transmitted to downstream equipment is j+1):j.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication method of an extension station in an optical communication system having an aggregate station at a head and a plurality of extension stations connected in series, the communication method including: a branching step of branching a signal input from upstream equipment transmitting the branched signal to an extension station connected to a downstream side, wherein, when the total number of extension stations connected to the downstream side is denoted by j, a ratio between a magnitude of a signal to be received in the branching step and a magnitude of the signal to be transmitted to the extension station connected to the downstream side is (j+1):j.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication system including: an aggregate station configured to transmit and receive a signal; and N extension stations (N is an integer of 2 or more), wherein the N extension stations include a first extension station configured to receive a signal from the aggregate station and transmit a signal to a second extension station; an ith extension station (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) configured to receive a signal from an (i−1)th extension station and transmit a signal to an (i+1)th extension station; and an Nth extension station configured to receive a signal from an (N−1)th extension station, and wherein a ratio between a magnitude of a signal to be locally processed by an ith extension station (1≤i≤N−1) and a magnitude of a signal to be transmitted thereby is 1:(N−i).
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an extension station in an optical communication system having an aggregate station at a head and a plurality of extension stations connected in series, the extension station including: a branching unit configured to branch a signal input from upstream equipment into a signal to be processed locally and a signal to be transmitted to downstream equipment, wherein, when the total number of extension stations connected to a downstream side is denoted by j, an intensity of the signal to be transmitted to the downstream equipment branched by the branching unit is j times an intensity of the signal to be processed locally.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication method of an extension station in an optical communication system having an aggregate station at a head and a plurality of extension stations connected in series, the communication method including: a branching step of branching a signal input from upstream equipment into a signal to be processed locally and a signal to be transmitted to an extension station connected to a downstream side, wherein, when the total number of extension stations connected to the downstream side is denoted by j, a magnitude of a signal to be transmitted to downstream equipment branched in the branching step is j times a magnitude of the signal to be processed locally.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication system making method of setting a ratio between a magnitude of a signal to be transmitted to an extension station and a magnitude of a signal to be processed locally, the communication system making method including steps of: installing an aggregate station; connecting N extension stations (N is an integer of 2 or more) in series with the aggregate station, wherein the extension station includes a branching unit English Translation of configured to branch a received signal into a signal to be processed locally and a signal to be transmitted to another extension station; and setting a branching ratio of the branching unit of each of the N extension stations, wherein the step of setting the branching ratio includes setting the branching ratio of an ith extension station (1≤i≤N−1) so that a ratio between an intensity of the signal to be transmitted and an intensity of the signal to be processed locally becomes j:1 when the total number of other extension stations connected to a downstream side of the ith extension station is denoted by j.
According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce a variation in the magnitude of an optical signal to be supplied to each of a plurality of extension stations.
The aggregate station 10 transmits a downlink optical signal generated by performing electrical-to-optical (E/O) conversion for a generated radio signal to the first extension station 11-1. The first extension station 11-1 branches the received downlink optical signal, transmits a partial optical signal to the second extension station 11-2, locally processes the remaining optical signal, and transmits a radio signal in accordance with the optical signal. The first extension station 11-1, for example, radiates a radio signal obtained by performing optical-to-electrical (O/E) conversion for an optical signal to a space via an antenna. Second to (N−1)th extension stations 11-2 to 11-(N−1) also perform operations similar to that of the first extension station 11-1. That is, the ith extension station 11-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) branches the optical signal received from an (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1), which upstream equipment, and transmits a partial optical signal to an (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1), which is downstream equipment.
The ith extension station 11-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1), for example, generates an uplink optical signal by performing E/O conversion for a radio signal received via an antenna. The ith extension station 11-i merges an optical signal received from the downstream equipment and an uplink optical signal and transmits a merging result to the upstream equipment. That is, the ith extension station 11-i merges the optical signal received from the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) and an optical signal obtained by multiplexing locally received radio signals and transmits an optical signal obtained in the merging process to the (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1).
That is, the optical signal transmitted from the aggregate station 10 descends to the first extension station 11-1 and the second extension station 11-2 and finally reaches the Nth extension station 11-N. Moreover, the optical signal transmitted from the Nth extension station 11-N ascends to the (N−1)th extension station 11-(N−1) and finally reaches the aggregate station 10. The aggregate station 10 performs O/E conversion for the optical signal arriving thereat and acquires a radio signal. The radio signal, for example, is subjected to signal processing.
As described above, in the optical communication system 1, the aggregate station 10 is located at the head and the N extension stations 11 are connected in series. A radio signal received in the extension station 11 is converted into an optical signal without signal processing in the extension station 11 and aggregated in the aggregate station 10. The optical signal aggregated in the aggregate station 10 is converted into a radio signal and the radio signal received by the extension station 11 is extracted. Because the extension station 11 does not need to include a configuration in which signal processing of a radio signal is performed, the extension station 11 can be easily implemented.
The transmission units 100 are referred to as a first transmission unit 100-1, a second transmission unit 100-2, . . . , and an Nth transmission unit 100-N. The E/O conversion units 101 are referred to as a first E/O conversion unit 101-1, a second E/O conversion unit 101-2, . . . , and an Nth E/O conversion unit 101-N. The O/E conversion units 103 are referred to as a first O/E conversion unit 103-1, a second O/E conversion unit 103-2, . . . , and an Nth O/E conversion unit 103-N. The reception units 104 are referred to as a first reception unit 104-1, a second reception unit 104-2, . . . , and an Nth reception unit 104-N.
An ith transmission unit 100-i (i is an integer satisfying 1≤i≤N) transmits an electrical signal to an ith E/O conversion unit 101-i. The ith E/O conversion unit 101-i (i is an integer satisfying 1≤i≤N) converts the received electrical signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102. The wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted to the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 by the ith E/O conversion unit 101-i are different. The wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by the ith E/O conversion unit 101-i is denoted by λDLi and differs according to each E/O conversion unit 101. The optical signal transmitted by the ith E/O conversion unit 101-i is intended to finally reach the ith extension station 11-i. The aggregate station 10 can switch the transmission unit 100 from which the electrical signal is transmitted, thereby switching the extension station 11 at which the transmitted optical signal finally arrives. Thereby, the aggregate station 10 can perform a handover or switch between whether or not to cause the extension station 11 to transmit/receive a signal.
The multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 multiplexes optical signals received from the E/O conversion units 101 and transmits a multiplexing result to the first extension station 11-1. Moreover, the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 demultiplexes an optical signal received from the first extension station 11-1 and transmits the demultiplexed optical signal to the O/E conversion units 103. A wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 to the ith O/E conversion unit 103-i is denoted by λULi and differs for each O/E conversion unit 103. The optical signal having the wavelength λULi is an optical signal transmitted from the ith extension station 11-i.
The ith O/E conversion unit 103-i (i is an integer satisfying 1≤i≤N) converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the ith reception unit 104-i. The ith reception unit 104-i (i is an integer satisfying 1≤i≤N) receives the electrical signal from the ith O/E conversion unit 103-i.
The ith optical splitter 110-i branches the optical signal received from the upstream equipment and transmits the branched optical signal to the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i and the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1). The first optical splitter 110-1 branches the optical signal received from the aggregate station 10 and the ith optical splitter 110-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) branches the optical signal received from the (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1).
The ith optical splitter 110-i merges the optical signals transmitted from the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i and the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1), which is the downstream equipment, and transmits an optical signal obtained in the merging process to the upstream equipment. The first optical splitter 110-1 transmits an optical signal obtained in the merging process to the aggregate station 10 and the ith optical splitter 110-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) transmits the optical signal obtained in the merging process to the (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1).
The ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i includes, for example, an optical multiplexing/demultiplexing unit. The ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i demultiplexes the optical signal received from the ith optical splitter 110-i, extracts a signal having a wavelength λDLi, and outputs the signal to the ith O/E conversion unit 112-i. Thereby, the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i can extract an optical signal corresponding to its own station from among optical signals transmitted from the ith E/O conversion unit 101-i. The ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i transmits an optical signal having a wavelength λULi among the optical signals received from the ith E/O conversion unit 117-i to the ith optical splitter 110-i. The wavelength of the optical signal received from the ith E/O conversion unit 117-i is denoted by λULi. That is, the optical signal transmitted from the ith E/O conversion unit 117-i is finally received by the ith reception unit 104-i.
The ith O/E conversion unit 112-i converts the optical signal received from the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the ith transmission amplifier 113-i. The ith transmission amplifier 113-i amplifies the electrical signal received from the ith O/E conversion unit 112-i and transmits the amplified electrical signal to the ith circulator 114-i.
The ith circulator 114-i transmits an electrical signal received from the ith transmission amplifier 113-i to the ith antenna 115-i. Moreover, the ith circulator 114-i transmits the electrical signal received from the ith antenna 115-i to the ith reception amplifier 116-i.
The ith antenna 115-i radiates an electrical signal received from the ith circulator 114-i to a space. Moreover, the ith antenna 115-i transmits the received electrical signal to the ith circulator 114-i.
The ith reception amplifier 116-i amplifies the electrical signal received from the ith circulator 114-i and transmits the amplified electrical signal to the ith E/O conversion unit 117-i. The ith E/O conversion unit 117-i converts an electrical signal received from the ith reception amplifier 116-i into an optical signal having a wavelength λULi and transmits the optical signal to the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i.
The Nth extension station 11-N has substantially the same configuration as the ith extension station 11-i (i is an integer satisfying 1≤i≤N−1), but may not include an optical splitter.
The ith optical splitter 110-i branches the received optical signal so that a magnitude ratio becomes 1:(N−i). The ith optical splitter 110-i transmits optical signals obtained in the branching process to the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i and the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) so that a ratio between a magnitude of the optical signal transmitted to the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i and a magnitude of the optical signal transmitted to the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) becomes 1:(N−i). The first optical splitter 110-1 branches the optical signal received from the aggregate station 10 and the ith optical splitter 110-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) branches the optical signal received from the (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1).
The branching ratio of the ith optical splitter 110-i is set, for example, at the time of installation of the ith extension station 11-i, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the ith optical splitter 110-i includes two optically coupled optical fibers, an actuator configured to change a distance between cores of the optical fibers, and a control apparatus configured to control the actuator on the basis of a control signal, wherein the branching ratio of the ith optical splitter 110-i may be set on the basis of the control signal transmitted from other equipment such as the aggregate station 10.
The ith optical splitter 110-i merges the optical signals transmitted from the ith English Translation of multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i and the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) and transmits an optical signal obtained in the merging process. The first optical splitter 110-1 transmits the optical signal obtained in the merging process to the aggregate station 10, and the ith optical splitter 110-i (i is an integer satisfying 2≤i≤N−1) transmits the optical signal obtained in the merging process to the (i−1)th extension station 11-(i−1).
The optical signal transmitted to the ith multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111-i by the ith optical splitter 110-i is an optical signal remaining in the ith extension station 11-i including the ith optical splitter 110-i. The ratio between the magnitude of the optical signal input to the ith extension station 11-i and the magnitude of the output optical signal is (N−i+1):(N−i). A magnitude Pi of the optical signal received by the ith extension station 11-i is expressed by Eq. (1) using a magnitude P0 of the optical signal transmitted from the aggregate station 10.
Moreover, a magnitude of the optical signal transmitted by the (N−1)th extension station 11-(N−1), i.e., a magnitude PN of the optical signal received by the Nth extension station 11-N, is expressed by Eq. (2).
From the above, differences between optical signals to be received by the extension stations 11 and optical signals to be transmitted thereby, i.e., magnitudes of the optical signals input to the O/E conversion units 112 of the extension stations 11, are all equal.
In the optical communication system 1, the ith extension station 11-i performs a branching process so that a ratio of the magnitudes of the received optical signals is 1:(N−i) and transmits an optical signal to the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) so that a ratio between the magnitude of the received optical signal and the magnitude of the optical signal transmitted to the (i+1)th extension station 11-(i+1) becomes (N−i+1):(N−i). Thereby, the magnitudes of the optical signals that are received by the extension stations 11 but are not transmitted thereby, can all be equal.
In a process of setting the branching ratio, the branching ratio of the ith extension station 11-i (1≤i≤N−1) is set so that the ratio between the magnitude of the signal to be transmitted and the magnitude of the signal to be processed locally is j:1 when the total number of other extension stations connected to a downstream side of the ith extension station 11-i is denoted by j.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, specific configurations are not limited to the embodiments and other designs and the like may also be included without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In the optical communication system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, an array of the plurality of extension stations 11 having a cascade connection does not branch in the middle, but the array of the extension stations 11 may branch in the middle in other embodiments. That is, two or more extension stations 11 may be connected to the downward side of a certain extension station 11. At this time, a branching process is performed at the branching ratio of the extension station 11 as a ratio of the number of extension stations 11 constituting the array of the extension stations connected to the downlink side. Moreover, in the optical splitter of the extension station in the downlink direction after branching, a ratio between a magnitude of the optical signal input to a jth extension station (j is an integer satisfying 1≤j≤M) and a magnitude of the output optical signal is (M−j+1):(M−j) when the number of extension stations in the downlink direction after branching is denoted by M and a distance from a branch point is shorter in the order of the first extension station, the second extension station, and the like.
An optical signal multiplexing/demultiplexing method in the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 and the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 is not particularly limited. For example, the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 102 and the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 may multiplex/demultiplex optical signals according to frequency division multiplexing/demultiplexing or multiplex/demultiplex optical signals according to time division multiplexing/demultiplexing.
The extension station 11 may include a control unit 118. When the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 multiplexes and demultiplexes the optical signals according to time division multiplexing/demultiplexing, the circulator 114 may be a time division duplexing (TDD) switch and the control unit 118 may control the TDD switch to switch a connection of the transmission amplifier 113 and the circulator 114 and a connection of the circulator 114 and the reception amplifier 116. When the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 multiplexes and demultiplexes optical signals according to time division multiplexing/demultiplexing, the wavelength λDLi of the optical signal transmitted by the ith E/O conversion unit 101-i and the wavelength λULi of the optical signal received by the ith O/E conversion unit 103-i may be the same wavelength. For example, λDLi and λULi may be the same wavelength.
The antenna 115 may be an array antenna controllable in a beam direction and the control unit 118 may control the antenna 115 to change the beam direction in which the antenna 115 performs transmission and reception.
The control unit 118 may be controlled on the basis of a control signal received from the aggregate station 10. The control signal may be multiplexed into a downlink optical signal to be transmitted by the aggregate station 10 according to subcarrier multiplexing, polarization multiplexing, or wavelength multiplexing and transmitted to the extension station 11. The wavelength of the control signal may be a wavelength different from either λDLi or λULi. At this time, a circulator or the like may be provided between the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 and the E/O conversion unit 117 so that a control signal is prevented from being input from the multiplexing/demultiplexing unit 111 to the E/O conversion unit 117.
The optical communication system 1 employs analog radio-over-fiber (RoF) and the present invention is not limited thereto. The optical communication system 1 may employ digital RoF (for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI) or enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI)) or digital coherent transmission, the aggregate station 10 may include an A/D converter, each extension station 11 includes a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter, and the aggregate station 10 may transmit a digital signal.
The present invention can be applied even if the aggregate station 10 and the extension station are connected by a mobile fronthaul in the optical communication system 1.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/004242 | 2/3/2022 | WO |
