Patent Grant
11891107
The present disclosure generally relates to shaft assemblies for motor vehicles, and more specifically, to flex coupling assemblies for joining shafts of a shaft assembly together.
Automotive shaft assembly applications, such as steering shaft applications, commonly join shafts of a shaft assembly to one another with a dampening coupler. The dampening coupler is provided between the shafts of the steering shaft to dampen noise and vibration to isolate a driver from unwanted noise and vibrations coming from the engine bay and road. Although known dampening couplers can prove effective in reducing the amount of noise and vibration that reaches the driver, they typically reduce the bending stiffness of the shaft assembly. Increased bending stiffness requirements for shaft assemblies are being required by manufacturers, thereby causing the overall effectiveness of the dampening coupler to be compromised in its ability to dampen noise and vibration in order to meet the bending stiffness requirements. Accordingly, the noise and vibration dampening characteristics of flex couplers is being sacrificed in order to meet the bending stiffness requirements. Accordingly, what is needed is a dampening coupler that meets or exceeds both the increased demands for bending stiffness, while at the same time providing the level of noise and vibration dampening desired to prevent noise and vibration from reaching the driver.
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a flex coupling assembly for coupling a first shaft of a shaft assembly to a second shaft of the shaft assembly that overcomes at least some of the drawbacks discussed above with known dampening couplers.
It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a flex coupling assembly that is robust and durable in use, and economical in manufacture and assembly.
It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a flex coupling assembly that decouples axial and torsional stiffness from bending stiffness, thereby allowing more freedom in design to tune the performance of the decoupling between first and second shafts.
It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a flex coupling assembly that provides an ability to adjust the bending stiffness of the flex coupling assembly without affecting the torsional stiffness and the axial stiffness and noise and vibration dampening performance of the flex coupling assembly.
According to the objects and advantages, an aspect of the present disclosure provides a flex coupling assembly for coupling a first shaft of a shaft assembly to a second shaft of the shaft assembly. The flex coupling assembly comprises an inner housing having a generally cylindrical inner housing wall extending along an axis and bounding an inner housing cavity between an inner housing first end and an inner housing second end. The inner housing first end has an inner housing end face extending generally transversely to the axis and the inner housing second end is open. A first shaft is fixed to the inner housing end face and extends along the axis. The flex coupling assembly further comprises an outer housing having a generally cylindrical outer housing wall extending along the axis. The outer housing wall bounds an outer housing cavity between an outer housing first end and an outer housing second end. The outer housing first end has an outer housing end face extending generally transversely to the axis and the outer housing second end is open. A second shaft is fixed to the outer housing end face and extends along the axis. A resilient flex coupling is fixed to the inner housing in the inner housing cavity and a retention member is fixed to the outer housing by at least one retention fastener member to retain the inner housing in the outer housing cavity. The inner housing and the outer housing are moveable relative to one another axially along the axis and rotatably about the axis via flexing of the resilient flex coupling to dampen the transmission of noise and vibration between the first shaft and second shaft.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the inner housing end face has at least one through opening, with the at least one retention fastener member extending through the at least one through opening in clearance relation therewith, wherein the at least one through opening acts as a positive stop to limit the degree of relative rotation between the inner housing and the outer housing.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the retention member has at least one protrusion extending through the at least one through opening in clearance relation therewith into engagement with the resilient flex coupling, with the at least one retention fastener member extending through the at least one protrusion.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the at least one retention fastener member includes a plurality of retention fastener members, wherein the at least one through opening includes a plurality of through openings and the at least one protrusion includes a plurality of protrusions, wherein the plurality of retention fastener members extend through the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of protrusions extend through the plurality of through openings in clearance relation therewith.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the resilient flex coupling is fixed to the inner housing by at least one coupling fastener member, with the retention member having at least one slot, wherein the at least one coupling fastener member extends into the at least one slot in clearance relation therewith.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, wherein the inner housing end face has at least one through opening and the at least one retention fastener member extends through the at least one through opening in clearance relation therewith, wherein at least one of the at least one slot and the at least one through opening acts as a positive stop to limit the degree of relative rotation between the inner housing and the outer housing.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the retention member has at least one protrusion extending through the at least one through opening in clearance relation therewith into engagement with the resilient flex coupling, wherein the at least one retention fastener member extends through the at least one protrusion.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the generally cylindrical inner housing wall and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall are spaced radially from one another by an annular gap and further including an annular band disposed in the annular gap to increase the bending rigidity between the first shaft and the second shaft and to facilitate relative axial and rotational movement therebetween.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the annular band can be provided being circumferentially discontinuous to facilitate assembly and the formation of a spring biased press and/or interference fit between the annular band and one of the generally cylindrical inner housing wall and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the annular band can be fixed to one of the generally cylindrical inner housing wall and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the resilient flex coupling can be provided having a metal core overmolded with an elastomeric body.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, a flex coupling assembly for coupling a first shaft of a shaft assembly to a second shaft of the shaft assembly comprises an inner housing subassembly and an outer housing subassembly. The inner housing subassembly comprises an inner housing having a generally cylindrical inner housing wall extending along an axis and bounding an inner housing cavity between an inner housing first end and an inner housing second end. The inner housing first end has an inner housing end face extending generally transversely to the axis and has at least one through opening. The inner housing second end is open. The inner housing subassembly further comprises a first shaft fixed to the inner housing end face, with the first shaft extending along the axis, and a resilient flex coupling fixed to the inner housing in the inner housing cavity. The outer housing subassembly comprises an outer housing having a generally cylindrical outer housing wall extending along the axis and bounding an outer housing cavity between an outer housing first end and an outer housing second end. The outer housing first end has an outer housing end face extending generally transversely to the axis and the outer housing second end is open. The outer housing subassembly further comprises a second shaft fixed to the outer housing end face, with the second shaft extending along the axis. The inner housing subassembly is disposed in the outer housing cavity. A retention member is fixed to the outer housing by at least one retention fastener member. The at least one retention fastener member extends through the at least one through opening in the inner housing end face in clearance relation therewith and retains the inner housing subassembly in the outer housing cavity.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the inner housing and the outer housing are moveable relative to one another axially along the axis and rotatably about the axis via flexing of the resilient flex coupling, thereby providing dampening to the transmission of noise and vibration between the first shaft and the second shaft. The inner housing and the outer housing are inhibited from moving out of co-axial alignment with one another due to a radially aligned, nested relationship between the respective generally cylindrical inner housing wall and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall, thereby enhancing the bending stiffness of the flex coupling assembly.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, a bending force tending to bend said first shaft relative to said second shaft is counteracted by an equal and opposite force applied between the generally cylindrical inner housing wall and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall, such that the bending stiffness of the flex coupling assembly is enhanced.
These and other objects, advantages and features will become readily apparent to one possessing ordinary skill in the art in view of the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings.
The subject matter which is regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
and
Referring now to the Figures, where the invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments, without limitation,
The flex coupling assembly 12 has an inner housing subassembly 24 (
The resilient flex coupling 42, as shown in
The outer housing subassembly 26 includes an outer housing 60 having a generally cylindrical outer housing wall 62 extending along the axis A. The outer housing wall 62 bounds an outer housing cavity 64 that extends between an outer housing first end 66 and an outer housing second end 68. The outer housing first end 66 has an outer housing end face 70 that extends along a plane generally transversely to the axis A. The outer housing second end 68 is open, shown as having the generally cylindrical outer housing wall 62 terminating a circular free edge. The outer housing subassembly 26 further includes a second shaft 72 fixed to the outer housing end face 70, such as via a weld joint, by way of example and without limitation, with the second shaft 72 extending coaxially along the axis A. The outer housing 60 further includes a plurality of fastener openings, shown as a pair of threaded fastener openings 74, by way of example and without limitation, arranged diametrically opposite one another.
The inner housing subassembly 24 is disposed in the outer housing cavity 64 and fixed therein. To facilitate maintaining the inner housing subassembly 24 in fixed relation with the cavity 64 of the outer housing 60, a retention member 76 is fixed to the outer housing 60, with the inner housing subassembly 24 being captured in sandwiched relation between the outer housing end face 70 and the retention member 76. The retention member 76 has a generally planar, generally disc-shaped end wall 78 extending along a plane in generally transverse relation to the axis A and at least one protrusion, and shown a plurality of protrusions, and more particularly as a pair of protrusions 80 extending axially outwardly from the end wall 78. The pair of protrusions 80 are shown as being diametrically opposite one another and arranged for clearance receipt through the through openings 39 extending through the end face 38 of inner housing 28. At least one, and shown as a pair of retention fastener member 82 extends through a through passage 84 in the protrusions 80 and through at least one through opening 39 in the inner housing end face 38, in clearance relation therewith, through the second bosses 54b and into threaded receipt within the fastener openings 74 in the outer housing 60 to retain the inner housing subassembly 24 in the outer housing cavity 64. The protrusions 80 are shown as having enlarged, annular end flanges 86 arranged to engage the first side 50 of the flex coupling 42 as the retention fastener members 82 are tightened within the fastener openings 74, thereby pressing against the first side 50 of the flex coupling 42 and biasing the second bosses 54b into engagement with an inner surface of the outer housing end face 70. As a result of being shielded by the inner housing first end 34 and the outer housing end face 70, as well as by the walls 30, 62 of the inner and outer housings 28, 60, the resilient flex coupling 42 is completely shielded from external heat, thereby protecting the elastomeric body 46 against thermal effects.
Each of the protrusions 80 of the retention member 76 extend through separate ones of the through openings 39 in clearance relation therewith. The clearance between the protrusions 80 and a radially extending periphery 88 of the through openings 39 can be provided as desired, wherein the peripheries 88 of the through openings 39 acts as a positive stops to limit the degree of relative rotation between the inner housing 28 and the outer housing 60. As such, the inner housing 28 and the outer housing 60 are permitted to move circumferentially in torsion relative to one another a predetermined number of degrees, as determined by the clearance between each of the peripheries 88 and an outer surface of the protrusions 80, thereby providing a torsional dampening between the first and second shafts 40, 72, wherein the dampening is facilitated by the torsional rigidity provided by the resilient flex coupling 42. Upon the protrusions 80 engaging the peripheries 88, the first and second shafts 40, 72 become locked in conjoint rotation with one another. Of course, it is to be recognized that upon the torque between the first and second shafts 40, 72 being reduced, the resiliency of the resilient flex coupling 42 imparts a bias between the inner and outer housings 28, 60 causing the protrusions 80 to re-center themselves between the peripheries 88 of the through openings 39.
In addition to the torsional stop provided between the protrusions 80 and the peripheries 88, the retention member 76 can be provided having at least one slot 94 configured for receipt of a separate one of the coupling fastener members 56 extending in clearance relation therewith. As such, a pair of slots 94 are provided diametrically opposite one another for receipt of the threaded fasteners 56 therein. Upon a suitable torsional force causing inner and outer housings 28, 60 to rotate relative to another via flexing of the resilient flex coupling 42, the fasteners 56 can be brought into engagement with ends 96 of the slots 94, thereby interfering with the ability of the inner and outer housings 28, 60 to rotate relative to one another further. Accordingly, the slots 94 can also act as positive stop surfaces. It is to be recognized that the degree of desired relative rotation can be controlled by regulating at least one of the clearance between the slots 94 and the fasteners 56, as well as by regulating the clearance between each of the peripheries 88 and an outer surface of the protrusions 80.
As mentioned above, the inner housing 28, with inner housing first shaft 40 fixed thereto, and the outer housing 60, with outer housing second shaft 72 fixed thereto, are able to move axially relative to another via axial flexing of the resilient flex coupling 42. The axial clearance between the first side 50, opposite the second bosses 54b, and the inner surface of the inner housing end face 38, and between the second side 52, opposite the first bosses 54a, and the inner surface of the outer housing end face 70 can be provided as desired, wherein the respective axial clearances permit the inner housing 28 and the outer housing 60 to move axially relative to one another under an axial load applied to at least one of the first and second shafts 40, 72 along axis A. As such, axial dampening is provided between the first and second shafts 40, 72, wherein the dampening is facilitated and controlled by the axial flex rigidity provided by the resilient flex coupling 42. Upon the respective first and second sides 50, 52 flexing into engagement with the respective inner housing end face 38 and the outer housing end face 70, the first and second shafts 40, 72 become substantially fixed against axial movement relative to another. Of course, it is to be recognized that upon the axial force between the first and second shafts 40, 72 being reduced, the resiliency of the resilient flex coupling 42 imparts an axial bias between the inner and outer housings 28, 60 causing the inner and outer housings 28, 60 to return to their relaxed axial positions.
The generally cylindrical inner housing wall 30 and the generally cylindrical outer housing wall 62 are spaced radially from one another by a uniform annular gap G. An annular band 90 (
While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Additionally, while various embodiments of the invention have been described, it is to be understood that aspects of the invention may include only some of the described embodiments. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4389204 | Walter | Jun 1983 | A |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220063701 A1 | Mar 2022 | US |
