The invention relates to a composite sporting implement made primarily of bamboo and in the preferred embodiment made of bamboo and lightweight aircraft-grade titanium alloy. More particularly, the invention is directed to the construction of a bamboo and titanium alloy sporting implement that incorporates a woven bamboo layer in various external surfaces and internal structural layers. Additionally, in the portion of the sporting implement that comes into contact with a sporting object such as a puck or a ball, an aircraft-grade titanium alloy used in laminate combination or woven or wrapped with a bamboo structure provide improved strength to the sporting implement extending the playing life and performance of sporting implement. The sporting implement invention is generally applicable to a wide variety of existing sporting implements comprising baseball bats, cricket bats, hockey sticks, field hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks, tennis, badminton and racquetball rackets, and the like.
The requirement for a low-cost lightweight and strong materials for the construction of sporting implements have long existed in the sporting goods equipment world. Improvements in alternative materials to date usually improve the strength and weight components with new synthetic materials usually at a significant increase in both materials and fabrication cost. The present invention uses the combination of bamboo, very abundant and renewable natural fiber source, and an aircraft-grade titanium alloy to reinforce the high stress area of the sporting implement. Bamboo as alternative to poplar hardwoods is harder and therefore stronger, and is more resistant to warping due to less overall moisture content. The primary reason of bamboo's superior strength are the bamboo fibers that run along the length the bamboo stalk. To utilize these fibers, the exterior and innermost interior surface of the bamboo stalk are removed such that the internal bamboo fibers remain.
One objective of this invention relates to the novel use of constructing bamboo and bamboo in combination with aircraft-grade titanium alloy in laminate form for sporting implements. The laminate layers of bamboo are oriented at alternating angles with respect to adjoining layers thereby increasing the strength of the total composite laminate bamboo structure. Bamboo layers may also be treated with a bleaching solution, preferentially, hydrogen peroxide, which removes excess water and impurities from the bamboo yielding a lighter and stronger sporting implement.
Another objective of this invention related to a laminate layer consisting of woven bamboo may be used on external portions of the sporting implement to increase the frictional resistance of the surface for better tactile gripping by a player and increased control of a sporting object like a ball or puck when in contact with the woven surface. The laminate woven layer may also be incorporated into an inner layer of the impact portion of the sporting implement giving increased strength and durability to the sporting implement.
Another objective of the invention is include an aircraft-grade titanium alloy in the form of a thin plate as a laminate layer in the laminate bamboo structure, or a foil that is woven with bamboo or wrapped around a centrally located bamboo core to provide superior strength and durability to the sporting implement and while maintaining a very lightweight overall weight.
Although a handful of other devices are known, no other device meets the objectives of providing a bamboo laminate sporting implement with an elongated handle having multiple layers of bamboo and an impact portion having multiple laminate layers affixed to the elongated handle suitable to strike, carry or throw a sporting object, wherein both the handle and impact portion alternates in grain direction between adjoining bamboo layers at an angle between 30 to 90 degrees. Additionally, no other device meets the objectives of providing bamboo layers treated with a bleaching or hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the at least one impact portion bamboo layer. Finally, no other device meets the objectives of providing at least one internal impact portion layer has at least a portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy in either a plate or foil form for strengthening the impact portion in combination with a bamboo structure.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,155, and Canadian Patents 1,150,331, 1,151,693, 1,183,883, 1,206,309, 1,233,738, 2,037,273, 2,062,635 and 2,326,966 show the general state of the art in the methods of construction and construction of composite hockey sticks, most with natural fiber materials comprising of poplar hardwood construction.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,148,482 and 5,496,027, and Canadian Patents 1,138,912, 2,123,248 and 2,414,643 show a woven or braided reinforcing “sock” that slips over the blade of the hockey stick and is generally reinforced with resin material.
Canadian Patents 1,099,761 and 2,169,216 show hockey sticks with a completely metal composite blade portion and a shaft with a laminate layer having a metal reinforcing portion applied by a metal deposition process, respectively.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,010,884, 5,558,728, 5,866,272, 5,933,703, 5,939,213, 5,951,800 and 6,114,050 show various titanium alloy foil used in composite with other materials generally in the aerospace field. None of these references teach any type of natural fiber material used in combination with titanium alloy foil.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,042,493 shows a metal baseball bat reinforced with fiber and a metallic composite, the fiber being a synthetic fiber Kevlar™, Spectra™ or Vectran™. U.S. Pat. No. 6,265,064 shows a method for depositing titanium oxide powder on natural fibers, the fibers including those in the garment field of wool, silk and cotton. As shown, neither reference alone or in combination teaches the present invention of a composite bamboo material with titanium alloy plate or foil laminates.
The first general embodiment of the invention is of a laminate bamboo sporting implement with an elongated handle having multiple layers of bamboo and an impact portion affixed to the elongated handle suitable to strike, carry or throw a sporting object, the impact portion having multiple layers of bamboo. The sporting implement comprising each of the elongated handle bamboo layers having an average thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm, each of the elongated handle bamboo layers alternating grain direction at an angle between 30 to 90 degrees with respect adjoining elongated handle bamboo layers' grain direction, and each of the elongated handle bamboo layers is treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the elongated handle bamboo layers. Each of the impact portion bamboo layers alternate grain direction at an angle between 30 to 90 degrees with respect adjoining impact portion bamboo layers' grain direction, and at least one impact portion bamboo layer treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the at least one impact portion bamboo layer. The elongated handle and the impact portion bamboo layers may be then held together with hot pressed cured adhesive.
A specific feature of the invention further comprises at least one woven bamboo layer of alternating strips of bamboo having a width of 2.0 to 20.0 mm and thickness of less than 5.0 mm. At least one woven bamboo layer comprises a weave of two sections of bamboo strips intersecting each other at an angle between 90 to 45 degrees, an alternatively, may comprise of a weave of three sections of bamboo strips intersecting each other at an angle of 60 degrees. The at least one woven bamboo layer may be located externally on the elongated handle or located externally on at least one side of the impact portion. Additionally, the at least one woven bamboo layer may be located internally in the impact portion. The woven bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the woven layer.
The elongated handle and the impact portion may be removeably affixed together to allow interchanging of replacement sporting implement members with the elongated handle and the impact portion. The elongated handle in the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises between 6 to 12 layers of bamboo, and the impact blade comprises between 5 to 9 layers of bamboo.
One embodiment of the invention has the impact portion comprising of a first woven bamboo outer layer, a first solid bamboo inner layer, a solid centrally oriented bamboo layer, a second solid bamboo inner layer, and a second woven bamboo outer layer. All bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer.
Alternatively, the laminate bamboo sporting implement may have all bamboo layers treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers.
A second general preferred embodiment of the invention is of a composite laminate bamboo sporting implement with an elongated handle having multiple layers of bamboo, and an impact portion affixed to the elongated handle suitable to strike, carry or throw a sporting object, the impact portion having multiple laminate layers. Each of the elongated handle bamboo layers has an average thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm, alternates grain direction at an angle between 30 to 90 degrees with respect adjoining elongated handle bamboo layers' grain direction, and may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the elongated handle bamboo layers. Each of the impact portion bamboo layers with alternating grain direction at an angle between 30 to 90 degrees with respect adjoining impact portion bamboo layers' grain direction. At least one impact portion bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the at least one impact portion bamboo layer. At least one internal impact portion layer has at least a portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy for strengthening the impact portion, and the elongated handle and the impact portion may be held together with hot pressed cured adhesive.
One embodiment of the second general preferred embodiment shows the impact portion has a forward facing profile where the sporting implement may be struck, carried or thrown, wherein the at least one internal layer having at least a portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy comprises a solid piece of titanium that generally covers the forward facing profile of the impact portion wherein the portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy is less then 2 mm in thickness. An embodiment of this type could comprise of an impact portion having a first woven bamboo outer layer, a first solid bamboo inner layer, a solid centrally oriented aircraft-grade titanium plate layer, a second solid bamboo inner layer, and a second woven bamboo outer layer. All bamboo layers may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers.
An alternative embodiment of the second general preferred embodiment shows at least one internal layer having at least a portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy in the impact portion of the implement further comprises a woven layer of alternating strips of bamboo and aircraft-grade titanium alloy, each of the strips having a width of 2.0 to 20.0 mm and thickness of less than 5.0 mm. The woven layer of alternating strips of bamboo and aircraft-grade titanium alloy further comprises a weave of either two sections of the alternating strips intersecting each other at an angle between 90 to 45 degrees, or of three sections of alternating strips intersecting each other at an angle of 60 degrees. An embodiment of this type could comprise of an impact portion comprising a first woven bamboo outer layer, a first solid bamboo inner layer, a first woven bamboo and aircraft-grade titanium foil inner layer, a solid centrally oriented bamboo layer, a second woven bamboo and aircraft-grade titanium foil inner layer, a second solid bamboo inner layer; and a second woven bamboo outer layer. All bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer, or alternatively, all bamboo layers may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution.
Another alternative embodiment of the second general preferred embodiment comprises at least one internal layer having at least the portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy in the impact portion of the implement further comprising a solid centrally positioned core of bamboo, and a portion of aircraft-grade titanium foil wrapped around the solid centrally positioned core of bamboo. The solid centrally positioned core of bamboo having a forward and rearward facing portions, wherein the wrapped portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy may either completely cover or partially cover the forward and rearward facing portions of the solid centrally positioned core of bamboo. The wrapped portion of aircraft-grade titanium alloy may also overlaps upon itself when wrapped around the solid centrally positioned core of bamboo. An embodiment of this type could comprise of a first woven bamboo outer layer, a first solid bamboo inner layer, a solid centrally oriented bamboo layer having a portion thereof wrapped in aircraft-grade titanium foil, a second solid bamboo inner layer, and a second woven bamboo outer layer. All bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers but the solid centrally oriented bamboo layer, or all bamboo layers, inclusively, may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution.
A specific feature of the invention further comprises at least one woven bamboo layer of alternating strips of bamboo having a width of 2.0 to 20.0 mm and thickness of less than 5.0 mm. The woven bamboo layer comprises a weave of either two sections of bamboo strips intersecting each other at an angle between 90 to 45 degrees, or of three sections of bamboo strips intersecting each other at an angle of 60 degrees. The at least one woven bamboo layer may be located externally on the elongated handle or located externally on at least one side of the impact portion. Additionally, the at least one woven bamboo layer may be located internally in the impact portion. The at least one woven bamboo layer may be treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of the woven layer.
The elongated handle and the impact portion of the second general preferred embodiment may be removeably affixed together to allow interchanging of replacement sporting implement members with the elongated handle and the impact portion, wherein the elongated handle comprises between 6 to 12 layers of bamboo, and the impact portion comprises between 5 to 9 layers of bamboo.
The lightweight, durability of construction and the improved combination of materials of the present invention will become more readily apparent from a consideration of the following drawings and description.
Other objects of this invention will appear in the following description and appended claims, reference being made to the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the several views.
Alternatively, the laminate bamboo sporting implement (10) may have all bamboo layers (18–22) treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove impurities and excess moisture, thereby reducing the weight and maintaining the strength of all the bamboo layers.
The embodiment of
The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention are illustrative and explanatory thereof, and various changes in size, shape and materials as well as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
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