Claims
- 1. A composite comprising a continuation polymeric phase selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers having dispersed therein a uniform and homogenous distribution of oriented short filaments derived from an anisotropic polymer, said filaments having varying lengths and varying diameters, wherein said filaments haven an average length of 0.05 cm or greater, wherein the length distribution of said filaments is from about X.+-.0.1 X to about X.+-.X wherein X is the average length of said filaments; and an aspect ratio of 3 or greater; and an average diameter greater than 0.0005 cm to about 0.1 cm, wherein the diameter distribution of said filaments is less than about Y.+-.Y wherein Y is the average diameter of said filaments.
- 2. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.
- 3. A composite according to claim 2 wherein said thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polysulfone, polyamide, polyketone, polyethersulfone, polyoxide, polyether, and polyolefin polymers.
- 4. A composite according to claim 3 wherein said thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polysulfone, polyamide, polyethersulfone, polyether and polyolefin polymers.
- 5. A composite according to claim 3 wherein said thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone and polyolefin polymers.
- 6. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said polymer is a thermoset polymer.
- 7. A composite according to claim 6 wherein said thermoset polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyester, phenolic, polyimide, epoxy and allylic polymers.
- 8. A composite according to claim 7 wherein said thermoset polymer is selected from the group consisting of phenolic, epoxy, allylic, and polyimide polymers.
- 9. A composite according to claim 8 wherein said thermoset polymer is selected from the group consisting of phenolic, epoxy and polyimide polymers.
- 10. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the melting point of said filaments is higher than the melting point of said thermoplastic polymer or the curing temperature of said thermoset polymer.
- 11. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the amount of said filaments is at least about 2 weight percent based on the total weight of the composite.
- 12. A composite according to claim 11 wherein said amount is from about 2 to about 99 weight percent.
- 13. A composite according to claim 12 wherein said amount is from about 10 to about 90 weight percent.
- 14. A composite according to claim 13 wherein said amount is from about 10 to about 84 weight percent.
- 15. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.2 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 16. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.3 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 17. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.4 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 18. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.5 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 19. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the length distribution of said filament is from about X.+-.0.2 X to about X.+-.X, and the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.2 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 20. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the length distribution of said filaments is from about X.+-.0.3 X to about X.+-.X, and the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.3 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 21. A composite of claim 1 wherein the length distribution of said filaments is from about X.+-.0.4 X to about X.+-.Y, and the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.4 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 22. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the length distribution of said filaments is from about X.+-.0.5 X to about X.+-.X, and the diameter distribution of said filaments is from about Y.+-.0.5 Y to about Y.+-.Y.
- 23. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said average diameter of said filaments is greater than 0.0005 cm to about 0.05 cm.
- 24. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said average diameter of said filaments is greater than 0.005 cm to about 0.025 cm.
- 25. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said average diameter of said filaments is greater than 0.0005 cm to about 0.025 cm.
- 26. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said average length of said filaments is from about 0.05 to about 5 cm, said aspect ratio is about 5 and said average diameter is greater than 0.0005 cm to about 0.05 cm.
- 27. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said average length is from 0.05 cm to 1.25 cm, said aspect ratio is from 3 to 3000, and said average diameter is from 0.0005 cm to 0.025 cm.
- 28. A composite according to claim 26 wherein said average length is from 0.05 cm to 1.25 cm, said aspect ratio is from about 5 to about 2500, and said average diameter is greater than 0.0005 to about 0.01 cm.
- 29. A composite according to claim 1 wherein the molecular weight of said anisotropic polymer of said filaments is at least about 1000.
- 30. A composite according to claim 29 wherein said molecular weight is from about 1000 to about 1,000,000.
- 31. A composite according to claim 30 wherein said molecular weight is from about 2500 to about 75,000.
- 32. A composite according to claim 1 wherein said anisotropic polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.
- 33. A composite according to claim 32 wherein said anisotropic polymer is a thermoplastic polyamide, polyester or polyesteramide having recurring moieties derived from reaction of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aromatic diols, aromatic diamines, aromatic hydroxy amines, aromatic hydroxy acids and aromatic amino acids, with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic hydroxy acids and aromatic amino acids.
- 34. The composite of claim 33 wherein said polymer is derived from the group consisting of aromatic diols, aromatic diamines, aromatic hydroxy amines, aromatic hydroxy acids and aromatic amino acids with one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids; by self reaction of aromatic hydroxy acids or aromatic amino acids; or by reaction of two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydroxy acids and hydroxy acids and aromatic amino acids.
- 35. The composite according to claim 34 wherein each aromatic diol, aromatic hydroxy amine or aromatic diamine is of the formula I to VI. ##STR34## said aromatic dicarboxylic acid is of the formulas XV to XVIII; ##STR35## and said hydroxy aromatic acid or aromatic amino acid is of the formula XXVI to XXVII: ##STR36## wherein: Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are the same or different at each occurrence and are --OH or --NHR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms;
- R.sub.1 is the same or different at each occurrence and is an inert substituent other than hydrogen;
- --X-- is methylene, oxygen, methylene substituted with alkyl having from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, sulfur, sulfonyl or sulfenyl;
- a and b are the same or different at each occurrence and are whole numbers from 0 to 4, with the proviso that the sum of a and b is not greater than 4;
- o is 0 or 1;
- c and d are the same or different at each occurrence and are whole numbers from 0 to 3, with the proviso that the sum of c and d is not greater than 3; and
- R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are the same or different and are hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.
- 36. A composite according to claim 35 wherein said aromatic diols or aromatic diamine are of the formulas VII to XIV ##STR37## said aromatic dicarboxylic acids are of the formulas XIX to XXV: ##STR38## and said aromatic amino or aromatic hydroxy acids are of the formulas XXVIII to XXXII: ##STR39## wherein: --X-- is oxygen, methylene, methylene substituted with one or two alkyl groups, sulfur, sulfenyl or sulfonyl;
- R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 ' are the same or different at each occurrence and are hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl or alkoxy having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and
- Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are the same or different at each occurrence and are --OH or --NHR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; wherein the open valencies in said formula are hydrogen substituents.
- 37. A composite according to claim 36 wherein said aromatic diols are of the formulas: ##STR40## said aromatic dicarboxylic acids are of the formulas: ##STR41## and said aromatic hydroxy acids or aromatic amino acids are of the formula: ##STR42## wherein Z.sub.1 is --OH or --NH.sub.2.
- 38. A composite according to claim 36 wherein said aromatic diols are of the formula: ##STR43## said aromatic dicarboxylic acids are of the formula: ##STR44## and said aromatic hydroxy acid or aromatic amino acids are of the formula: ##STR45## wherein R.sub.1 is the same or different at each occurrence and is hydrogen, chloro or bromo;
- --Z-- is --CH.sub.2 --, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, --O--, SO.sub.2 -- or --S--;
- Z.sub.1 is --OH or --NHR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and
- --X'-- is --O-- or --O--CH.sub.2 --O--.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/285,692 filed Dec. 16, 1988, now abandoned, which is a division of application Ser. No. 022,302, filed Mar. 5, 1987, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,980,232.
US Referenced Citations (12)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
Glass Reinforced Plastics Edited by Phillip Morgan, MA; Philosophical Library Inc., 1955. |
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
22302 |
Mar 1987 |
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Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
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Parent |
285692 |
Dec 1988 |
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