Patent Application
20200315950
The present invention relates to compositions for modulating genes responsible for the general functions of the skin comprising at least one plant extract and at least one cosmetically acceptable vehicle, as well as to a method for modulating the expression of genes responsible for the general functions of the skin, and use of said plant extract in the preparation of a composition for modulating genes responsible for the general functions of the skin.
Considered to be the biggest organ of a human being, the skin is the core of many complex and dynamic processes. Among these processes are barrier and immunological functions, melanine production, vitamin D synthesis, body temperature regulation, protection from ultraviolet and aesthetic radiation damage.
Good performance of the general functions of the skin may be associated with a group of genes which, once modulated, can be an interesting strategy for the development of products with comestic purposes.
However, there is a limited number of compounds that effectively act on the modulation of genes associated with general functions of the skin.
Therefore, there is a need for a cosmetic composition acting on the modulation of such genes, providing an effective treatment for skin care.
The present invention relates to a composition for modulating genes responsible for the general functions of the skin comprising at least one plant extract and at least one cosmetically acceptable vehicle.
The compositions of the present invention are suitable to be used in several age groups. Preferably, the age groups are made up of groups over 30 years of age, particularly over 45 years of age, over 60 years of age, and over 70 years of age.
For ease of reference, whenever applicable, the compositions specific to distinct age groups are designated as: compositions (30+), for ages over 30 years; compositions (45+), for ages over 45 years; compositions (60+), for ages over 60 years; and compositions (75+), for ages over 60 years.
By plant extract it is intended to mean any fraction, extract or active ingredient extracted from plants, herbs, flowers, trees, fruit, seed, roots or leaves.
Said plant is selected from the group consisting of Acmella oleracea (spot-flower), Avena sativa, Camellia sinensis (green tea), Casearia sylvestris (guaçatonga (a tree of the Indian-plum family)), Cichorium intybus (chicory), Hymenaea courbaril (courbaril tree), Paeonia albiflora (peony), Passifloraceae (passionflower), Schinus terebinthifolius (California pepper tree) and Secale cereale, either alone or in combination.
Acmella oleracea, also known as Spilanthes acmella, é uma erva also known as spot-flower or yellow-eye grass. It causes an anesthetic action in the buccal mucosa. The substance that is responsible for such action is an isobutylamide called spilanthol. In its chemical composition, in addition to spilanthol, there can be mentioned espilantine, aphinin, choline and phitosterin. Spilanthol, that is an active ingredient present in Acmella oleracea, is also sold under the tradename Spilol.
Avena sativa, also known as white oat, or simply oat, is a botanical species belonging to the Poaceae family. It can be obtained from the commercially available ingredient Osilift®.
Camellia sinensis is a species belonging to the Theaceae family, commonly known as green tea, depending on its type of cultivation. By Camellia sinensis it is intended to mean any fraction therefrom, particularly extracts.
Casearia sylvestris belongs to the Flacourtiaceae family, also known as guaçatonga. By Casearia sylvestris it is intended to mean any fraction therefrom, particularly extracts.
Cichorium intybus is a species belonging to the Compositae family, commonly known as chicory. By Cichorium intybus it is intended to mean any fraction therefrom, particularly extracts and actives, such as the one sold under the tradename Vederine® by Galena.
Hymenaea courbaril is a tree belonging to the Fabaceae family, also known as copaiba copal tree, courbaril tree or simply copaiba. Xyloglucan is an active ingredient that is present in Hymenaea courbaril, also known as courbaril tree xyloglucan.
Paeonia albiflora belongs to the Paeoniaceae family, a species of flowers. By Paeonia albiflora it is intended to mean any fraction therefrom, particularly extracts from their roots. Without wishing to be bound by theory, in a particular embodiment Paeonia albiflora can be obtained from the commercially available ingredient Volunage®, comprised by water/Paeonia albiflora extract/phenoxyethanol/ethylhexyl glycerin.
Passifloraceae is a family of angiosperms. The fruit from some species of the Passiflora genus are edible and known as passion fruit. Passion fruit (from the Tupi language—mara kuya, “useful fruit” or “food in the gourd”) is a fruit produced by plants from the species Passiflora edulis. Its tree is also known as Passionflower Vine. The passionflower ceramides are of particular interest in the present invention.
Schinus terebinthifolius is a species belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, also known as California pepper tree ou red pepper tree. By Schinus terebinthifolius it is intended to mean any fraction therefrom, particularly extracts.
Secale cereale is a flowering plant species that belongs to the Poaceae family. Its common name is rye. Secale cereale can be obtained from the commercially available ingredient Coheliss®, made up of water/Secale Cereale extract/Penthtlene Glycol.
The composition of the present invention can HER2 comprises hyaluronic acid, caffeine and/or a mixture of sodium cocoyl amino acids and sarcosine and potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate,
Hyaluronic acid is a biopolymer formed from hyaluronic acid and an N-acethylglucosamine. It is a glucosaminoglycan that can be obtained either from a natural or synthetic source.
By caffeine it is also intended to mean any raw-material containing caffeine, in particular that sold under the tradename Ecoslim® by Lucas Meyer, which is made up of a green tea extract containing caffeine as an active ingredient.
The mixture of sodium cocoyl amino acids and sarcosine and potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate is sold under the tradename Sepicalm S by Seppic.
To make up the compositions of the present invention, particularly preferred are extracts or active ingredients extracted from Camellia sinensis, Casearia sylvestris, Schinus terebinthifolius, Paeonia albiflora, Cichorium intybus, Hymenaea courbaril, Avena sativa, Secale cereale; passionflower ceramides; the active ingredients spilanthol and xyloglucan extracted from Acmella oleracea and Hymenaea courbaril, respectively; hyaluronic acid, caffeine, a mixture of sodium cocoyl amino acids and sarcosine and potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate; either alone or in combination.
Individually, the therapeutic and cosmetic effects of the above mentioned components have been a subject of study.
However, Applicant has surprisingly found that by formulating the above mentioned components into a composition, those components have a modulation effect on genes responsible for the general functions of the skin.
Preferred compositions of the present invention comprise the following combinations:
Such genes include at least one of the CAT, GPX1, MSRA, NOX1, PRDX6, SOD2, DSC2, IGF1R, ITGA1, ITGB1, LAMB1, LAMB3, DEFB4A, CDH1, CAMP, CLDN1, CLDN4, CLDN7, CDSN, DSG4, DSP, ELOVL3, GBA, ITGA6, ITGB4, KRT19, KRT10. KRT14, KRT16, KRT17, KRT1, KRT6A, OR2AT4, LAMAS, OCLN, PKP1, PLEC, TGM5, TGM1, RNASE7, SMPD1, SDC1, TJP1, VCL, BTC, FLT1, PDGFRA, HAS1, HAS2, SIRT1, SRD5A1, PRLR, HSD17B2, TPH1, AANAT, ASMT, MTNR1A, AR, ESR2, CYP19A1, HTR2A, HTR2B, MTOR, AQP3, CTSB, CTSE, CTSL, CD44, HAL, PADI3, PADI1, CASP14, FLG, ST14, IL13, IL18, IL19, ITGA2, IL1A, IL1B, IL22, IL17A, IL1R1, 11_10. IL6, F2RL1, TRPV1, CALCA, ACACA, ASAH1, UGCG, SPTLC1, SREBF2, GLB1, ADAM9, MMP1, MMP10. MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, SERPINE1, TIMP1, TIMP2, TMPRSS6, FBLN5, FBN1, MMP12, MMP13, MMP14, TYR, GPNMB, MAP1LC3B, POMC, OPRM1, MC1R, MITF, CANX, HSPB1, HSPA1A, EGFR, TGFB1, TGFBR1, NGF, PDGFA, VEGFA, VEGFB, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGF1, FGF2, MMP11, HYAL1, HYAL2, ELN, LOX, COL1A1, COL1A2, ACO2, ANXA5 genes.
More surprisingly, Applicant has found that:
Accordingly, the compositions according to the present invention efficiently act on cell differentiation and proliferation, providing its use in cosmetic applications in the skin in general.
The compositions of the present invention are preferably anti-sign cosmetic compositions and can be in the form of gel, gel cream, elixir, serum, inter alia, as known by those skilled the art from the used cosmetic vehicles.
The present invention also relates to a method for modulating the expression of such genes responsible for the general functions of the skin, which method comprises the step of administering a composition according to the present invention to an individual skin.
As used herein, by skin it is intended to mean neck, face, arm, forearm, chest, and hand skin.
The present invention further relates to the use of at least one plant extract in the preparation of a composition for modulating genes responsible for the general functions of the skin.
The present invention relates, in particular, to the use of the following combinations in the preparation of a composition:
The genes according to the present invention and their correlation with the general functions of the skin are defined in the following table.
Cosmetically acceptable vehicles according to the present invention include, but without any limitation, those known in the art.
As non-limitative examples there can be mentioned: preservatives, perfumes/fragrances, polymer neutralizing agents, chelating agents, pH adjustment agents, and the like. Particularly used are disodium EDTA dissódico (chelating agent), iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (preservative), phenoxyethanol (preservative), wild basil essential oil (perfume) and triethanolamine (pH adjusting agent).
The following examples, but not limited thereto, illustrate the present invention, particularly with regard to the effects on the modulation of genes associates with the general functions of the skin.
Cosmetic compositions were prepared in the form of oil-in-water gel-cream emulsions, in which the oil is the dispersed phase and water is the continuous phase. Both phases were heated at a temperature from 75-80° C., thereafter the oil phase, containing the sunscreens, was poured into the aqueous phase with stirring for about 10 minute. Subsequently, the process cooling step was started by adding an aqueous phase containing a polymer neutralizing agent. When the temperature reached about 60° C., the phase containing sensorial modifiers (silicones) was added thereto and when the temperature reached 40° C., the preservatives, fragrance, sensorial modifiers (particles) and high temperature-sensitive actives were added thereto.
Cosmetic compositions were prepared in the form of oil-in-water gel-cream emulsions, in which the oil is the dispersed phase and water is the continuous phase. In this case, heating of the aqueous phase was started within the main vessel up to a temperature of about 75 and about 80° C. and, with stirring, the oil phase was added thereto with stirring for about 10 minutes. Subsequently, the process cooling step was started by adding an aqueous phase containing a polymer neutralizing agent. When the temperature reached about 60° C., the phase containing sensorial modifiers (silicones) was added thereto and when the temperature reached 40° C., the preservatives, fragrance, sensorial modifiers (particles) and high temperature sensitive actives were added thereto.
A large scale gene expression profile assay (by PCR array) was performed of 180 genes in skin explants obtained subsequent to blepharoplasty and subjected to individual treatments with the present invention.
Initially, skin explants were obtained from the eyelids of females between 45 and 55 years of age, three (3) different donors of each age. The explants were split into halves and immediately inserted, in triplicate from each donor, into a culture medium and kept for 24 hours (half 1) and 72 hours (half 2) in a wet environment, at 37° C., 5% CO2. During this time the explants were subjected to treatments with 2 mg/cm2 of each sample (compositions according to the invention) topically applied on the explants, without being diluted. Furthermore, a control was used by maintaining the explants, in triplicate from each donor, in a culture medium alone. A prior analysis of viability was performed to make sure the tissues would be preserved during the study protocol for all formulae investigated.
Half (1) was collected and subjected to total RNA extraction. The quality of the extracted RNA was qualitatively (Bioanalyzer microcapillary electrophoresis) and quantitatively (Nanodrop spectrophotometer) assessed. From the RNA, the cDNA was engineered and subject to a real-time RT-PCR (Polymerase-Chain Reaction) step to evaluate the expression of 180 genes by using the customized platform Taqman PCR Array (ThermoFisher). The test genes were those enumerated in table 1 by using the StepOne Plus (Life Technologies) equipment. The gene expression profile and selection of the differently expressed genes were carried out by using the Expression Suite Software v. 1.0.3 (Life Technologies). The ΔCt values for the GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) reference gene and target gene were calculated by subtracting from each other the values for the experimental groups. Subsequently, ΔCt for the experimental group was subtracted from the control group (untreated skin explant) for obtaining ΔΔCt. Lastly, a relative quantification of the target genes was determined by using the equation: RQ=2−ΔΔCt. Only those genes exhibiting a threshold of 1,3, that is, a 30% increase or reduction as compared to the control, were selected. The statistical significance was assessed by using the t test followed by the Benjamini-Hochberg method (FDR—false discovery rate), which p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Those detected values considered as statistically significant were entered in the software Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) (http://www.ingenuity.com), in order to investigate the functional relationships between those identified genes. For each established pathway/network a um p-score [p-score=−log 10 (p-value)] was generated reflecting the probability of such a randomly generated network and wherein the p-value was calculated by using the Fisher's exact test. This means that if a pathway has a p-score de 10, the odds of such pathway being randomly generated is less than 1 in 1010. These results show the genes and their functions are modulated by the compositions and methods of the present invention.
Half (2) was collected, fixed on para-formaldehyde 4% (pH 7.4) for 24 hours and cryoprotected in a 30% sucrose solution for 48 hours. Then, 10 μm serial slices were directly collected on silanized slides by using a Cryostat (Leica—CN1850). Once the slice collection is complete, the slices were washed with 0.1 M PB and incubated overnight with antibodies relating with the selected proteins of interest. Then, the slides were analyzed under a Fluorescence Microscope (Leica—DM 1000) by using the LAS (Leica Application Suite) Software. Fluorescence intensity emitted by a antibody-specific marker was the parameter that was evaluated. For the statistical analysis variance analysis (ANOVA) was used. In all the groups that have been studied, considered to be statistically significant were those groups which P values were inferior to 0.05.
The untreated control, an active ingredient-free cosmetic-based composition, a cosmetic-based composition containing 0.025% of Camellia sinensis, a cosmetic-based composition containing 0.125% of spilanthol and an identical cosmetic base containing 0.025% of Camellia sinensis and 0.125% of spilanthol were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the composition comprising Camellia sinensis was able to modulate 95 genes, the composition comprising spilanthol was able to modulate 101 genes and the composition comprising a combination of 0.025% of Camellia sinensis and 0.125% of spilanthol was able to modulate 110 genes. The main identified mechanisms include the endogenous antioxidant system stimulation, adhesion molecules (desmosomes) stimulation, anti-inflammatory action, elastic fiber stimulation, horned envelope formation/barrier reinforcement and collagen stimulation.
With respect to protein expression, a synergistic effect has been seen for the combination of spilanthol and Camellia sinensis on the involucrin protein (cell differentiation marker), since the composition comprising Camellia sinensis (green tea) and the composition comprising spilanthol promoted a 24.7% and 31.4% increase, respectively, while the composition comprising the combination promoted a 78% increase in this protein expression (
Furthermore, the combination of spilanthol and Camellia sinensis promoted a 240% increase in the expression of the ki-67 protein, which protein is a marker for cell proliferation (
The untreated control, an active ingredient-free cosmetic-based composition, a cosmetic-based composition containing 0.25% of courbaril tree xyloglucan, a cosmetic-based composition containing 1.5% of Sepicalm and an identical cosmetic base containing 0.25% of courbaril tree xyloglucan and 1.5% of Sepicalm were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the courbaril tree xyloglucan sample was able to modulate 114 genes, the Sepicalm sample was able to modulate 128 genes and the combination of courbaril tree xyloglucan and Sepicalm was able to modulate 153 genes. Firmness, elastic fiber stimulation, cell differentiation, filling, hydration, anti-inflammatory, dermis-epidermis cohesion, and horned envelope formation/barrier reinforcement mechanisms were the main identified mechanisms.
With respect to protein expression, the combination of courbaril tree xyloglucan and Sepicalm promoted a 122.4% increase in the expression of the collagen protein (
The untreated control, an active ingredient-free cosmetic-based composition, a cosmetic-based composition containing 0.05% of Casearia sylvestris and about 0.0125 of Schinus terebinthifolius, a cosmetic-based composition containing 2% of Paeonia albiflora and an identical cosmetic base containing 0.05% of Casearia sylvestris, 0.0125% of Schinus terebinthifolius and 2% of Paeonia albiflora were investigated.
With respect to gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the guaçatonga extract+California pepper tree extract sample was able to modulate 151 genes, the Volunage sample was able to modulate 117 genes and the combination of guaçatonga extract+California pepper tree extract+volunage was able to modulate 162 genes. Firmness, elastic fiber stimulation, filling, hydration, anti-inflammatory, dermis-epidermis cohesion, horned envelope formation, and barrier reinforcement mechanisms were the main identified mechanisms.
With respect to protein expression, the combination of guaçatonga extract and California pepper tree extract and Volunage promoted a 140.4% increase in the expression of the collagen I protein (
The untreated control, an active ingredient-free cosmetic-based composition, a cosmetic-based composition containing 0.3% of passionflower ceramides, a cosmetic-based composition containing 3% of Vederine and an identical cosmetic base containing 0.3% of passionflower ceramides and 3% of Vederine were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it has been seen that the passionflower ceramide sample was able to modulate 148 genes, the Vederine sample was able to modulate 151 genes and the combination of passionflower ceramide and Vederine was able to modulate 146 genes.
As to the protein expression, the combination of passionflower ceramide and Vederine promoted a 35.5% increase in the expression of the involucrin protein (
The untreated control, placebo, a cosmetic composition containing the combination of spilanthol and hyaluronic acid (wrinkle reducer elixir), 0.25% spilanthol, 5% hyaluronic acid and the combination of 0.25% spilanthol and 5% hyaluronic acid were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the spilanthol sample was able to modulate 163 genes, the Hyaluronic Acid sample was able to modulate 146 genes and the combination of spilanthol and Hyaluronic Acid was able to modulate 149 genes. As compared to the untreated control, a one-fold effect relative to collagen I (firmness mechanism), hyaluronic acid (filling mechanism), claudin I (cell-cell communication mechanism), two-fold relative to elastin (elastic fiber stimulation), involucrin (cell differentiation mechanism), ki-67 (cell proliferation—renewal mechanism), SOD2 (antioxidant mechanism), B1 or B4 integrin (dermis-epidermis cohesion mechanism) and five-fold relative to IL-10 (anti-inflammatory mechanism) was seen.
As to the protein expression, the combination of spilanthol and Hyaluronic Acid promoted a 56% increase in the expression of the collagen I protein (
The untreated control, placebo, a cosmetic composition containing a combination of Hymenaea courbaril, Paeonia albiflora, Secale cereale and Avena sativa (serum firmness), Hymenaea courbaril (Courbaril tree 0.5%), Paeonia albiflora, Secale cereale and Avena sativa (2% Volunage+4% Osilift+4% Coheliss) and a combination of Hymenaea courbaril, Paeonia albiflora, Secale cereale and Avena sativa (0.5% Courbaril tree+2% Volunage+4% Osilift+4% Coheliss) were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the 0.5% Courbaril tree sample was able to modulate 147 genes, the 2% Volunage sample+4% Osilift+Coheliss 4 was able to modulate 144 genes and the combination of 0.5% Courbaril tree+2% Volunage+4% Osilift+4% Coheliss was able to modulate 121 genes. The combination according to the present invention has been seen to exhibit a one-fold effect as compared to the untreated control on collagen (firmness mechanism), hyaluronic acid (filling mechanism) and B1 or B4 integrin (dermis-epidermis cohesion mechanism), as well a two-fold effect as compared to the untreated elastin control (elastic fiber stimulation mechanism), involucrin (cell differentiation mechanism), SOD2 (endogenous antioxidant system mechanism).
As to the protein expression, the combination of 0.5% Courbaril tree+2% Volunage+4% Osilift+4% Coheliss promoted increases of 39% in the expression of the collagen I protein (
The untreated control, placebo, umthe composition cosmética contendo a combination of Casearia sylvestris, Schinus terebinthfolius and hyaluronic acid (filler), a combination of Casearia sylvestris, Schinus terebinthfolius (1% guaçatonga+0.025% California pepper tree), 5% hyaluronic acid and a combination of Casearia sylvestris, Schinus terebinthfolius and hyaluronic acid (1% guaçatonga+0.025% California pepper tree+5% hyaluronic acid) were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the guaçatonga and California pepper tree sample was able to modulate 153 genes, the Hyaluronic Acid sample was able to modulate 162 genes and the combination of guaçatonga and California pepper tree and Hyaluronic Acid was able to modulate 144 genes. The combination according to the present invention has been seen to exhibit one-fold effect as compared to the untreated control on claudin I (cell-cell communication mechanism) and on ki-67 (cell proliferation—renewal mechanism), two-fold on elastin (elastic fiber stimulation), SOD2 (endogenous antioxidant system mechanism) and B1 ou B4 integrin (dermis-epidermis cohesion mechanism), four-fold on IL-10 (anti-inflammatory mechanism) and seven-fold relative to involucrin (cell differentiation mechanism).
As to the protein expression, the combination of the present invention promoted increases of 31.4% in the expression of the collagen I protein (
The untreated control, placebo, a cosmetic composition containing a combination of Schinus terebinthfolius and caffeine (clarifier), Schinus terebinthfolius (0.35% California pepper tree), caffeine (1% Ecoslim) and a mixture of Schinus terebinthfolius and caffeine (0.35% California pepper tree+1% Ecoslim) were investigated.
As to the gene expression, as compared to the untreated control, it was seen that the California pepper tree sample was able to modulate 157 genes, the Ecoslim sample was able to modulate 162 genes and the combination of California pepper tree and Ecoslim was able to modulate 160 genes, particularly having a thrice as high performance as compared to the untreated control relative to collagen I (firmness mechanism), four times as high relative to elastin (elastic fiber stimulation), twice as high relative to claudin I (cell-cell communication), four times as high relative to involucrin (cell differentiation), four times as high relative to SOD2 (dermis-epidermis cohesion), eight times as high relative to IL-10 (anti-inflammatory mechanism). As to the protein expression, the combination of California pepper tree and Ecoslim promoted increases of 123% in the expression of the collagen I protein (
Based on the teachings provided in the disclosure of the invention and examples one skilled in the art would be able to appreciate the advantages of the invention and propose variations and alternative equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined in the accompanying claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102016011807-7 | May 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016011810-7 | May 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016011816-6 | May 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016011821-2 | May 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016022679-1 | Sep 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016022681-3 | Sep 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016022682-1 | Sep 2016 | BR | national |
| 102016022683-0 | Sep 2016 | BR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2017/050128 | 5/24/2017 | WO | 00 |
