Patent Application
20180147131
The present invention relates to an oral composition, a food, or a beverage having a tooth remineralizing effect.
Caries begins with the adhesion of tooth decay bacteria such as streptococcus mutans bacteria to a tooth surface and the formation of plaque, and an organic acid produced by the metabolism of foodstuff by the tooth decay bacteria in the plaque demineralizes tooth enamel to cause a state of initial caries. Saliva has the function of remineralizing this demineralized portion by the function of calcium and phosphorus in the saliva and returning the tooth to the original state. If the demineralized tooth can be sufficiently regenerated by remineralization, the occurrence of caries can be suppressed.
Accordingly, dentifrices in which a fluoride and hydroxyapatite that is one of calcium phosphates and has a crystal structure similar to that of the inorganic component of teeth are blended for accelerating the remineralization of teeth are produced and sold.
However, the remineralization of demineralized portions is not sufficient only with saliva and the use of a dentifrice in which a fluoride or hydroxyapatite is blended, and the development of an oral composition, such as a dentifrice, that can sufficiently achieve remineralization is required.
Accordingly, an oral dentifrice in which hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate having a particle diameter of 0.05 μm to 1.0 μm are blended and which can restore and protect minute irregularities on tooth surfaces, prevent tooth decay, strengthen dentin, and enhance a whitening effect (Patent Document 1), an oral composition in which a hydroxyapatite fine powder is blended in a water-soluble cellulose solution, thereby being able to allow the hydroxyapatite fine powder to remain long on tooth surfaces (Patent Document 2), an oral composition in which a sugar alcohol such as xylitol and calcium secondary phosphate are used in combination, thereby being able to significantly accelerate remineralization (Patent Document 3), an oral composition in which low crystalline hydroxyapatite is blended and which can prevent diseases and an uncomfortable feeling in the oral cavity by adsorbing to bacteria in the oral cavity for disinfection (Patent Document 4), an oral composition in which a calcium compound such as hydroxyapatite is blended in royal jelly or an extract thereof and which can whiten teeth, prevent tooth decay by remineralization, and prevent periodontal diseases (Patent Document 5), a dentifrice composition in which a calcium compound such as hydroxyapatite is blended in an ultramarine blue composition and which accelerates a tooth remineralizing effect (Patent Document 6), a remineralization accelerating agent comprising a micellar calcium phosphate-phosphopeptide complex and having a cariostatic function (Patent Document 7), a method that can accelerate remineralization and suppress caries by cleaning teeth using a dentifrice comprising a fluoride ion, and then allowing an oral liquid composition comprising a calcium ion to act (Patent Document 8), a dentifrice composition having a pH of 5 to 8 in which tricalcium phosphate is blended as a calcium salt powder having the ability to convert into hydroxyapatite when coming into contact with water in the oral cavity (Patent Document 9), and the like are proposed.
In addition, chewing gums and the like in which xylitol and a calcium phosphate, a noncrystalline calcium phosphate, or a phosphorylated oligosaccharide calcium are blended for accelerating remineralization are also produced, but remineralization is not always sufficient.
Sodium chondroitin sulfate is a white to pale yellow-white powder obtained from the cartilage of a shark or the like, is one of mucopolysaccharides that have high water absorbency and dissolve in water to form a viscous liquid, is present in all tissues including the connective tissue and cartilage of animals, and serves the function of supplying water and nutrition to cells and maintaining water in the cells. Due to such a function, cellular tissue connecting bones to bones is smooth, and the flexibility is maintained, and therefore sodium chondroitin sulfate is widely utilized as drugs and health foods for the treatment and alleviation of joint pain, lower back pain, frozen shoulder, and the like. Sodium chondroitin sulfate is also used as food additives and used in fish sausages, mayonnaise, dressing, and the like as a water retaining agent or an emulsion stabilizer.
For sodium chondroitin sulfate, containing glutamine or sodium chondroitin sulfate to obtain an oral composition having anti-inflammatory action and effective for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases such as gingivitis (Patent Document 10), containing chondroitin sulfuric acid or a salt thereof to obtain an oral humectant having an excellent moisturizing effect and an enhanced bad breath preventing effect (Patent Document 11), containing sodium chondroitin sulfate to obtain a liquid oral composition having a plaque formation suppressing effect (Patent Document 12), using sodium chondroitin sulfate as the binder of a dentifrice composition that delivers a medicinal component to gingival grooves and allows the medicinal component to act efficiently in the gingival grooves (Patent Document 13), and the like are proposed. However, sodium chondroitin sulfate has no tooth remineralizing action.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an oral composition, a food, or a beverage and a remineralizing agent having excellent action of remineralizing demineralized tooth enamel.
The present inventors have studied diligently in order to solve the above object, and as a result found that when sodium chondroitin sulfate conventionally known to have only an anti-inflammatory effect, a moisturizing effect, and the like and having no tooth remineralizing action is used together with a calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate and blended in an oral composition such as a dentifrice, a food, or a beverage, the tooth remineralizing effect improves significantly, leading to the completion of the present invention.
Specifically, the present invention is specified by the items shown below.
The present invention can exceedingly enhance the action of remineralizing demineralized tooth enamel by comprising sodium chondroitin sulfate and a calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate as active ingredients, and can provide an oral composition, a food, or a beverage and a remineralizing agent having exceedingly excellent remineralizing action by containing these.
The oral composition, food, or beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains sodium chondroitin sulfate and a calcium phosphate. Examples of the oral composition can include a dentifrice such as a paste dentifrice, a powder dentifrice, and a liquid dentifrice, an oral cleaning agent such as a mouthwash and a gargling tablet, and a troche. Examples of the food can include confectionery such as a chewing gum, a candy, tablet confectionery, a gummy jelly, a chocolate, a biscuit, and a snack, frozen confectionery such as an ice cream, a sherbet, and an ice, bread, a pancake, a dairy product, a meat product such as a ham and a sausage, a fish product such as a boiled fish paste and a tube-shaped fish paste cake, a daily dish, a pudding, a soup, and a jam. Examples of the beverage can include a carbonated beverage, a lactic acid bacteria beverage, a fruit juice beverage, and a juice. The tooth remineralizing agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains sodium chondroitin sulfate and a calcium phosphate as active ingredients. Examples of the tooth remineralizing agent of the present invention can include tablet-like, powdery, pasty, liquid, and other remineralizing agents. The calcium phosphate in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a calcium salt of phosphoric acid. Examples of the calcium phosphate in the present invention can include hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and calcium monohydrogen phosphate. These calcium phosphates may each be used alone, two or more of these calcium phosphates may be used in combination, and these calcium phosphates may be hydrates or calcium phosphates in which some of phosphorus and calcium are substituted by other elements such as magnesium, zinc, titanium, sodium, and potassium. As the calcium phosphate in the present invention, at least one calcium phosphate selected from the group consisting of hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and calcium monohydrogen phosphate is preferred from the viewpoint of remineralization acceleration. The content of the calcium phosphate in the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire oral composition, food, or beverage from the viewpoint of further improving the remineralizing effect and improving the feeling of use. The content of the calcium phosphate in the remineralizing agent of the present invention when the remineralizing agent is used in the oral cavity as it is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire remineralizing agent from the viewpoint of further improving the remineralizing effect and improving the feeling of use. When the remineralizing agent is added to an oral composition, a food, a beverage, or the like and used, the content of the calcium phosphate in the remineralizing agent of the present invention is preferably set so that the content of the calcium phosphate in the oral composition, the food, the beverage, or the like after the remineralizing agent is added is in the above range. The oral composition, food, or beverage and remineralizing agent of the present invention can significantly improve the remineralization of teeth because sodium chondroitin sulfate is blended together with a calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate.
The hydroxyapatite that is one of the calcium phosphate in the present invention may be hydroxyapatite obtained as natural hard tissue from a fish bone of a food fish such as a salmon, a pig bone, a cow bone, or the like, in addition to hydroxyapatite synthesized by a usual method. Usually, hydroxyapatite is stoichiometrically represented by a composition consisting of Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, but even nonstoichiometric hydroxyapatite not having a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.67 can have an apatite structure as well as exhibiting the properties of hydroxyapatite. For example, synthetic hydroxyapatite having a Ca/P molar ratio of about 1.4 to 1.8 is also included in the hydroxyapatite in the present invention.
The hydroxyapatite used in the present invention may be any of crystalline, low crystalline, and noncrystalline hydroxyapatite but is preferably low crystalline or noncrystalline hydroxyapatite (low crystalline hydroxyapatite and noncrystalline hydroxyapatite are hereinafter referred to as “amorphous hydroxyapatite”) in terms of a caries preventing effect. “Low crystalline” refers to crystalline hydroxyapatite in which the X-ray diffraction peak is broader than that of a highly crystalline powder, and “noncrystalline” refers to hydroxyapatite in which the X-ray diffraction pattern shows a broad halo, and a diffraction pattern characteristic of a crystal is not obtained. Such amorphous hydroxyapatite can be obtained, for example, by freeze-drying apatite synthesized by a wet synthesis method or drying the apatite at a temperature of 100° C. or less or firing the apatite at a temperature of about 300° C. or less.
The content of hydroxyapatite in the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire oral composition, food, or beverage from the viewpoint of further improving the remineralizing effect and improving the feeling of use. The content of hydroxyapatite in the remineralizing agent of the present invention when the remineralizing agent is used in the oral cavity as it is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire remineralizing agent from the viewpoint of further improving the remineralizing effect and improving the feeling of use. When the remineralizing agent is added to an oral composition, a food, a beverage, or the like and used, the content of hydroxyapatite in the remineralizing agent of the present invention is preferably set so that the content of hydroxyapatite in the oral composition, the food, the beverage, or the like after the remineralizing agent is added is in the above range.
The tricalcium phosphate that is one of the calcium phosphate in the present invention is also referred to as tribasic calcium phosphate, is a compound represented by the chemical formula Ca3(PO4)2, and is widely and generally used in foods, sundry goods, the petrochemical industry, and the like including drugs and cosmetics. The tricalcium phosphate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a component of an oral composition, a food, or a beverage. Examples of the tricalcium phosphate used in the present invention can include a product conforming to a standard such as Japanese Pharmaceutical Excipients, the Japanese Standards of Quasi-Drug Ingredients, or Japanese Cosmetic Ingredients Codex.
The calcium monohydrogen phosphate that is one of the calcium phosphate in the present invention is also referred to as dibasic calcium phosphate, is a compound represented by the chemical formula CaHPO4 or CaHPO4.2H2O, the dihydrate thereof, and is widely and generally used in drugs, foods, cosmetics, industrial raw materials, and the like. The calcium monohydrogen phosphate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a component of an oral composition, a food, or a beverage. Examples of the calcium monohydrogen phosphate used in the present invention can include a product conforming to a standard such as the Japanese Standards of Food Additives, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, or the Japanese Standards of Quasi-Drug Ingredients.
The content of tricalcium phosphate and calcium monohydrogen phosphate in the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire oral composition, food, or beverage from the viewpoint of further improving the remineralizing effect and improving the feeling of use. When two or more calcium phosphates are used in combination, the total content of the calcium phosphates is preferably 0.0001 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, of the entire oral composition, food, or beverage. When the content of the calcium phosphate is more than 40% by mass in the oral composition, food, or beverage of the present invention, the produced composition is hard, and the production may be difficult, and the quality of the produced composition may be problematic. Particularly regarding a composition comprising water such as a paste dentifrice, a yogurt, or a jelly, the calcium phosphate is cakey due to water, and therefore these points are problems. In addition, even if the content of the calcium phosphate is 40% by mass or more, the extent of improvement in the remineralizing effect is small, and particularly for dibasic calcium phosphate, no improvement in the remineralizing effect is noted.
The sodium chondroitin sulfate used in the present invention is a sodium salt of chondroitin sulfuric acid obtained by extraction from the cartilage of a fish such as a shark or the cartilage of a mammal such as a pig and purification. The sodium chondroitin sulfate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a component of an oral composition, a food, or a beverage. White to pale yellow-white sodium chondroitin sulfate can be used, and specifically products from Maruha Nichiro Corporation, SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION, and the like can be illustrated. Examples of the sodium chondroitin sulfate used in the present invention can include a product conforming to a standard such as the
Japanese Standards of Food Additives, the Japanese
Pharmacopoeia, the Japanese Standards of Quasi-Drug Ingredients, or the Japanese Standards of Cosmetic Ingredients.
The amount of sodium chondroitin sulfate blended in the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 15.0% by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 5.0% by weight, of the entire oral composition, food, or beverage from the viewpoint of further accelerating remineralization and improving the feeling of use.
The oral composition, food, or beverage and remineralizing agent of the present invention can contain, in addition to the above-described components, additives usually used in these, active ingredients such as various medicinal components, and the like. Examples of the additives can include an abrasive, a humectant, a foaming agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a binding agent, a pH adjusting agent, an organic acid, a colorant, a surfactant, an oil and a fat, an alcohol, a sweetener, an acidulant, a perfume, a seasoning, a vitamin, a mineral, and a preservative. Specific examples of these components are shown below. In addition to these components shown below, an appropriate component according to the purpose, the type of composition, and the like can be further blended.
Examples of the abrasive can include calcium carbonate, calcium pyrophosphate, silica such as abrasive precipitated silica and abrasive gel silica, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, alumina, zeolite, titanium oxide, zirconium silicate, insoluble sodium metaphosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, magnesium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, polymethyl methacrylate, bentonite, and a synthetic resin.
Examples of the humectant can include a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, xylitol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and isopropylene glycol.
Examples of the foaming agent can include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate, and a nonionic surfactant.
Examples of the thickening agent can include a polysaccharide such as ghatti gum, pullulan, gum arabic, soybean polysaccharide, tamarind seed gum, pectin, carrageenan, a processed eucheuma alga, agar, furcellaran, alginic acid and a derivative thereof (alginic acid and an alginate), guar gum, tara gum, locust bean gum, psyllium seed gum, xanthan gum, Artemisia sphaerocephala seed gum, glucomannan, a quince seed, starch, modified starch, processed starch, dextrin, deacylated gellan gum, native gellan gum, curdlan, rhamsan gum, welan gum, macrophomopsis gum, tragacanth gum, karaya gum, microcrystalline cellulose, microfibrous cellulose, fermented cellulose, a carboxymethyl cellulose salt, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, chitin, chitosan, casein, dextrin, and gelatin, and starch derived from a plant such as potato, waxy potato, corn, tapioca, rice, wheat, kudzu, and bracken.
The emulsifier is not particularly limited as long as it is used for food. Examples of the emulsifier can include a sucrose fatty acid ester, a glycerin fatty acid ester (for example, a polyglycerin fatty acid ester and a monoglycerin fatty acid ester), a propylene glycol fatty acid ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, phospholipid (for example, lecithin, lysolecithin, and lipoprotein), sodium stearoyl lactate, and enzymatically decomposed phospholipid (for example, enzymatically decomposed lecithin).
Examples of the binding agent can include methyl cellulose, propylene glycol alginate ester, pullulan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, pectin, furcellaran, chitosan, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, peptone, casein, collagen, albumin, gum arabic, karaya gum, EUDRAGIT, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal-dimethylaminoacetate, and cellulose acetate-dibutyl hydroxypropyl ether.
As the pH adjusting agent, organic acids and alkalis naturally derived or obtained by a microbial fermentation method or chemical synthesis that are usually used in foods can be widely used, and the above-described acidulant and the like are also included. Examples of the pH adjusting agent can include itaconic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, phytic acid, mevalonic acid, adipic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, glacial acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, phosphoric acid, acidic pyrophosphoric acid, sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, and ammonium salts of these acids, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium phosphate, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, monosodium fumarate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.
Examples of the organic acid can include an organic acid such as citric acid, isocitric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, pyruvic acid, ascorbic acid, aldonic acid, and uronic acid, and ume vinegar, cider vinegar, and a chip, a powder, and an extract of a citrus such as lemon, orange, Citrus junos, and Citrus natsudaidai containing these.
Examples of the colorant can include a coffee powder, cacao pigment, lac pigment, red cabbage pigment, red daikon pigment, butterfly pea pigment, perilla pigment, hibiscus pigment, grape fruit juice pigment, grape fruit skin pigment, purple sweet potato pigment, purple corn pigment, purple yam pigment, elderberry pigment, cranberry pigment, cherry pigment, hibiscus pigment, blackberry pigment, plum pigment, blueberry pigment, raspberry pigment, boysenberry pigment, tomato pigment, lac pigment, strawberry pigment, cacao pigment, caramel pigment, gardenia pigment, ang-khak pigment, cochineal pigment, red beet pigment, grape fruit juice pigment, safflower pigment, annatto pigment, gardenia yellow pigment, turmeric pigment, gardenia yellow, amaranth (Food Red No. 2), erythrosine (Food Red No. 3), allura red AC (Food Red No. 40), new coccine (Food Red No. 102), phloxine (Food Red No. 104), rose bengal (Food Red No. 105), acid red (Food Red No. 106), brilliant blue (Food Blue No. 1), indigo carmine (Food Blue No. 2), spirulina pigment, and gardenia pigment.
Examples of the surfactant can include a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a glycerin fatty acid ester, a decaglycerin fatty acid ester, a polyglycerin fatty acid ester, a propylene glycol-pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, a polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, a polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil-hydrogenated castor oil, a polyoxyethylene lanolin-lanolin alcohol-beeswax derivative, a polyoxyethylene alkylamine-fatty acid amide, a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl formaldehyde condensate, and a homogeneous polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, which are nonionic surfactants, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium myristyl sulfate, an alkyl sulfate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfate, a N-acylamino acid and a salt thereof, a N-acylmethyltaurine and a salt thereof, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether acetate, an alkyl sulfocarboxylate, an a-olefin sulfonate, an alkyl phosphate, and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, which are anionic surfactants, an alkylammonium and an alkylbenzylammonium salt, which are cationic surfactants, and acetic acid betaine, imidazolinium betaine, and lecithin, which are amphoteric surfactants. Examples of the nonionic surfactants can include a sucrose fatty acid ester and decaglyceryl laurate.
Examples of the oil and fat components can include liquid paraffin, paraffin, a higher alcohol such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, a fatty acid ester such as isopropyl myristate, lanolin, a fatty acid, an ester compound such as octyldodecyl myristate, diisopropyl adipate, hexadecyl isostearate, and decyl oleate, squalane, squalene, a medium chain fatty acid triglyceride, and a silicone.
Examples of the alcohol can include a lower alcohol such as ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, and isobutanol, and a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, glycerin, 1,5-pentadiol, sorbitol, and polyethylene glycol.
Examples of the sweetener can include sucrose (sugar), fructose, maltitol, glucose, various oligosaccharides, starch syrup, reduced maltose starch syrup, maltotriose, honey, palatinose, trehalose, lactose, xylose, aspartame, sucrose, L-phenylalanine, stevia, saccharin, acesulfame potassium, licorice, stevioside, and rebaudioside, and further a sugar alcohol such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, lactitol, and maltitol, and an oligosaccharide such as a fructooligosaccharide, a galactooligosaccharide, lactosucrose, and a xylooligosaccharide.
Examples of the acidulant can include a food organic acid such as citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and gluconic acid, and a salt such as a sodium salt, a calcium salt, and a potassium salt.
Examples of the flavoring can include one flavoring or a mixture of two or more flavorings selected from a natural flavoring material such as an essential oil, an extract, an oleoresin, a recovered flavor, and an isolated flavoring, and a synthetic flavoring material such as an alcohol, an ester, an aldehyde, a ketone, and a lactone. Examples of the form can include a flavoring agent such as an aqueous flavoring, an oily flavoring, an emulsified flavoring, and a powder flavoring. Specific examples can include a natural flavoring such as lemon oil, orange oil, anise oil, clove oil, capsicum oil, cinnamon oil, grapefruit oil, lime oil, tangerine oil, mandarin oil, bergamot oil, peppermint oil, and spearmint oil, an alcohol such as linalool, geraniol, citronellol, myrcenol, farnesol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, anise alcohol, cinnamic alcohol, anethole, linalool, and eugenol, an ester such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, benzyl acetate, linalyl acetate, ethyl propionate, isoamyl propionate, geranyl propionate, isoamyl butyrate, and ethyl isovalerate, an aldehyde and a ketone such as octyl aldehyde, undecyl aldehyde, α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, nonadienal, octanal, citral, perillaldehyde, phenyl aldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, vanillin, L-carvone, acetophenone, ionone, damascenone, maltol, benzylacetone, methyl heptyl ketone, and methyl decyl ketone, a lactone such as δ-decalactone, γ-undecalactone, and sclareolide, a hydrocarbon such as limonene, pinene, and caryophyllene, and an acid such as acetic acid, propionic acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, and cinnamic acid.
Examples of the seasoning can include common salt, sodium glutamate, inosinic acid, and guanylic acid.
Examples of the vitamin can include vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin B12.
Examples of the mineral can include calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper.
Examples of the preservative can include sorbic acid and a salt thereof, benzoic acid and a salt thereof, dehydroacetic acid and a salt thereof, a p-hydroxybenzoate, propionic acid and a salt thereof, sodium acetate, sodium sulfite, sodium hyposulfite, sulfur dioxide, ethanol, glycine, polylysine, protamine, lysozyme, chitosan, a pectin decomposition product, an extract of a plant such as yucca, mustard, wasabi, hop, and moso bamboo, hinokitiol, natamycin, nisin, and a chlorine-based disinfectant such as sodium hypochlorite and a high test bleaching powder, and an oxygen-based disinfectant such as hydrogen peroxide.
Examples of other medicinal components can include allantoin, tocopherol acetate, isopropyl phenol, triclosan, chlorhexidine, chlorophyll, flavonoid, tranexamic acid, hinokitiol, cetylpyridinium chloride, sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, dextranase, mutanase, protease, aminocaproic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetic acid, azulene, allantoin, lysozyme chloride, a phellodendron bark extract, polyphosphoric acid, sodium chloride, an aloe squeezed juice, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, ginseng, an active oxygen removing agent, an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory analgesic, an antihistamine, an antipruritic, a disinfectant, a vitamin preparation, and a hormone preparation.
For the amounts of these optional components blended, these optional components are appropriately used in ranges that do not hinder the effect of the present invention and are pharmaceutically allowable. In the production of the oral composition, food, or beverage of the present invention, sodium chondroitin sulfate, a calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate, and other components may be added in any process in the production process.
Paste dentifrices (Examples 1 to 78), liquid dentifrices (Examples 79 to 96), mouthwashes (Examples 97 to 108), chewing gums (Examples 109 to 117), troches (Examples 118 to 132), candies (Examples 133 to 144), and beverages (Examples 145 to 153) in which sodium chondroitin sulfate and hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate were blended were prepared with blends in Table 1 to Table 15, Table 23 to Table 25, Table 30 to Table 32, Table 35 to Table 37, Table 39 to Table 41, Table 43 to Table 45, and Table 47 to Table 49 and subjected to a remineralization test.
For the sodium chondroitin sulfate, JSQI sodium chondroitin sulfate (Maruha Nichiro Foods, Inc.) was used.
A phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 30% by mass was dropped into a calcium hydroxide suspension under stirring until a pH of 10 was reached, and the produced gel-like substance was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 day for aging. Then, the gel-like substance was filtered by a glass filter, and the remaining substance was dried in air at 100° C. to obtain a hydroxyapatite powder. The obtained hydroxyapatite powder had a maximum particle diameter of about 40 μm, a minimum particle diameter of about 0.05 μm, and an average particle diameter of about 5 μm. This hydroxyapatite powder was used.
For the tricalcium phosphate, food additive: tricalcium phosphate (Taihei Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd.) was used.
For the calcium monohydrogen phosphate, food additive: calcium monohydrogen phosphate (YONEYAMA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.) was used.
As Comparative Examples, paste dentifrices, liquid dentifrices, mouthwashes, chewing gums, troches, candies, and beverages in which sodium chondroitin sulfate and hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate were each blended were prepared with blends in Table 16 to Table 22, Table 26 to Table 29, Table 33, Table 34, Table 38, Table 42, Table 46, Table 50, and Table 51 and subjected to a remineralization test.
In order to confirm the remineralizing effect, a previously made artificial incipient caries test sample was used. For the making of the artificial incipient caries test sample, enamel on the labial surface of the crown portion of a bovine front tooth was used. The enamel surface was abraded with #1000, #2400, and #4000 abrasive paper. A window of about 5×3 mm was made with Nail Enamel (Manufactured by Shiseido Company, Limited) at a site to be tested, on the abraded enamel surface, and immersed in a 0.1 M lactate buffer solution (pH 4.8, 3.0 mmM CaCl2, 1.8 mmM KH2PO4, 1.0% CMC) at 37° C. for 4 days to make artificial incipient caries. For the control for the test, the crown top side half of the window of about 5×3 mm was further masked with Nail Enamel (Manufactured by Shiseido Company, Limited) to provide a site to be compared (control). A paste dentifrice, a liquid dentifrice, a mouthwash, or a beverage was mixed with purified water to form a suspension solution, and the suspension solution was used as a test solution (test substance). For a chewing gum, a troche, and a candy, after fine grinding, the water-soluble component was extracted from each test substance, and a suspension solution was formed with the water-soluble component and purified water and used as a test solution (test substance).
In the remineralization test, the artificial incipient caries specimen made above was immersed in each test solution for 12 days, then the specimen was cut parallel to the tooth axis to a thickness of about 500 μm by a microcutter, and then this section was abraded under water pouring using #1000, #2400, and #4000 abrasive paper so as to provide a parallel thin section having a thickness of about 100 μm. After the abrading, contact microradiogram (CMR) photographing was performed (see
The effect of remineralizing the artificial incipient caries site was analyzed using a computer.
In image analysis by the computer, the amount of the remineralized mineral was calculated based on the formula of Angmer et al. (B. Angmer, D. Carlstrom and J. E. Glas: Studies on Ultrastructure of Dental Enemel IV: The Mineralization of normal Human Enamel, J. Ultrastructure. Res. 8, 12-23, 1963), and the amounts of the mineral lost AZ (% volume mineral·μm) at the control surface and treated surface of each section were calculated according to the method of Damato et al. (F. A. Damato, R. Stang and K. W. Stephen: Effect of Fluoride Concentration on Reminerelization of Carious Enamel: an in vitro pH-Cycling Study, Caries Res, 24, 174-180, 1990). The remineralization rate was calculated by the following formula:
Table 52 to Table 65 show the results of confirming the remineralizing effect of the dentifrice compositions by such a computer image analysis method.
As shown in the Comparative Examples in which sodium chondroitin sulfate in the paste dentifrices, the liquid dentifrices, the mouthwashes, the chewing gums, the troches, the candies, and the beverages is blended alone, sodium chondroitin sulfate alone has little tooth remineralizing effect.
In contrast to this, when sodium chondroitin sulfate is used together with hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate, the synergistic improving effect of the tooth remineralizing effect is seen compared with when hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or calcium monohydrogen phosphate is used alone. The total remineralization rate described below is a value obtained by adding remineralization rates in Comparative Examples.
The oral composition, food, or beverage of the present invention are very excellent in the remineralization of teeth and have high industrial usefulness.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-106298 | May 2015 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/002470 | 5/20/2016 | WO | 00 |
