Patent Application
20080008677
The present invention relates to a composition, such as a cosmetic composition, for the skin, including the scalp, and/or for the lips of human beings, comprising at least one organic polymer, such as an organosoluble gel which may be crosslinked, and a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile solvents. The composition of the invention can be used as a make-up composition for keratin materials such as the skin, the lips and superficial body growths, which gives a volume effect.
The application of known cosmetic compositions to keratin materials can lead to a deposit which can become thinned out over time, by penetration of all or some of the deposited composition into these materials and/or by evaporation of the volatile constituents initially present in the deposit. These phenomena may then reveal defects on the support such as fine lines, pigmentation defects such as blemishes on the hands and face or the loss of color from the lips, and acne rosacea, which is a particular inconvenience when depositing a foundation on the human face. Specifically, one of the aims of a foundation is to camouflage the imperfections (e.g., blemishes and blackheads) of the skin and to unify its complexion.
Moreover, women are looking more and more to remodel their face and/or body, for example, the lips of the face, in order to increase their volume. Hitherto, increasing the volume of certain parts of the face or the body has been achieved by injecting substances such as silicone gels. This type of remodeling generally takes place under local or even general anesthesia, which may disrupt the body considerably. In addition, this type of remodeling is slow, tedious and expensive.
A subject of the invention is thus a composition, for example a cosmetic composition such as a make-up composition for keratin materials such as the skin and/or the lips and/or superficial body growths, which can allow these drawbacks to be overcome.
The inventor has found, surprisingly, that the combination of at least one organic polymer in a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile solvents allows a deposit to be placed on keratin materials, the volume of which increases over time without the intervention of an external stimulus, such as wetting the deposit, thus allowing the defects in the appearance of the keratin materials (e.g., blemishes, blackheads, dark shadows, folds, hollows and thinness) to be kept camouflaged for a long time.
A subject of the invention is thus a composition, such as a cosmetic composition, comprising at least one organic polymer, at least one volatile solvent which is incompatible with the organic polymer, and at least one nonvolatile solvent which is compatible with the organic polymer.
For the purposes of the invention, the expression “volatile solvent” is an aqueous or nonaqueous medium which is liquid at room temperature (about 25° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (about 76 mmHg) and which is capable of evaporating completely from keratin materials. These solvents can be chosen, for example, from compounds having a nonzero vapor pressure, such as compounds having a vapor pressure ranging from about 10−3 mmHg to about 300 mmHg (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure).
For the purposes of the invention, the expression “nonvolatile solvent” is a nonaqueous medium which is liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, for example, a liquid fatty substance (also referred to as an oil) which does not evaporate from keratin materials. These solvents can be chosen, for example, from substances having a vapor pressure of greater than about 300 mmHg (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure). According to the invention, it is possible to use one or more volatile solvents and one or more nonvolatile solvents.
According to the invention, the nonvolatile solvents are compatible with the polymer, i.e., capable of dissolving it at room temperature. The polymer can be an agent for gelling these nonvolatile solvents. Conversely, the volatile solvents in the composition of the invention are incompatible with the polymer, and are incapable of dissolving it: in other words, the polymer is not an agent for gelling the volatile solvents. The volatile and nonvolatile solvents of the invention are generally such that they allow the polymer to swell by dissolving it in the nonvolatile solvents gradually as the volatile solvents evaporate from the support on which the composition is deposited. Gradually as the volatile solvents evaporate off, the polymer passes from the insoluble state to the soluble state and deploys its fatty chains and forms a crosslinked or overlapping network trapping the nonvolatile solvents.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,849,275, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, the polymers of the silicone/methacrylic type described are soluble in the volatile solvents indicated, and are thus mutually compatible. In addition, after these volatile solvents have evaporated off, the polymers precipitate in the nonvolatile oils of the paraffin or lanolin type, which corresponds to an insolubility of these polymers in these nonvolatile oils. It is this precipitation which gives the composition described transfer-resistance properties.
Moreover, in patent application EP 0 850 644, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, it is indicated that the oils present in the composition should not be volatile and that they are trapped in the polyorganosiloxane. The indicated reason for this is that these oils should remain on the skin in order to treat it. Thus, the polyorganosiloxane is compatible with the oils or the nonvolatile solvents. It is also compatible with the volatile oils mentioned.
As volatile solvents which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of water, volatile hydrocarbon-based oils, volatile silicone oils optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups that are pendant or at the end of a silicone chain, and volatile fluoro oils, and mixtures thereof. Apolar volatile solvents can be used.
As volatile oils which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of linear or cyclic silicones comprising 2 to 7 silicon atoms, these silicones optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms that are pendant or at the end of a chain, C8 to C16 isoparaffins, and C5 to C8 perfluorohydrocarbon-based oils. Representative volatile oils which may be mentioned include: octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethyl-cyclohexasiloxane, heptamethylhexyltrisiloxane, hepta-methyloctyltrisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane and octamethyltetrasiloxane; C8 to C16 isoparaffins such as “Isopar”s and Permetyls, for example, isododecane; perfluoropolyethers comprising 5 to 8 carbon atoms, such as nonafluoromethoxybutane, nonafluoroethoxybutane, perfluoromethylcyclopentane and dodecafluoropentane; and mixtures thereof.
The amount of volatile solvent used depends on the desired magnitude of the volume-effect phenomenon. In practice, it is generally present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 99.3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in some embodiments, from about 10% to about 80%, and in other embodiments, from about 20% to about 75%.
As nonvolatile solvents which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of polar oils such as:
In one embodiment, synthetic esters such as isopropyl myristate are used.
The amount of these nonvolatile solvents depends on the amount of polymer used and on the magnitude of the desired volume effect. In practice, the nonvolatile solvent(s) are generally present in an amount ranging from about 0.2% to about 99.4% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in some embodiments, from about 5% to about 90%, and in other embodiments, from about 20% to about 85%.
It is possible to add one or more nonvolatile apolar oils to the above polar nonvolatile solvents, the apolar oils being chosen, for example, from: silicone oils such as polydimethylsiloxanes that are liquid at room temperature, phenyldimethicones, phenyltrimethicones, polymethylphenylsiloxanes, alkylpolydimethylsiloxanes comprising a C2 to C20 alkyl chain, and mixtures thereof; and linear or branched hydrocarbons of synthetic or mineral origin, for example, nonvolatile liquid paraffins and derivatives thereof, petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as parleam, and mixtures thereof. These apolar oils can be used as the sole nonvolatile solvent or in a mixture of nonvolatile solvents.
In one embodiment, the apolar nonvolatile oils are dissolved by the polar nonvolatile solvents, with the whole generally representing from about 0% to about 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments, from about 30% to about 80%.
The nature of the nonvolatile solvents and that of the volatile solvents depend on the polymer used. For example, when the polymer is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane such as those described in patent application EP-A-0 850 644, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, for example those sold under the brand name KSG 6 or 16 by the company Shin Etsu or Tréfil E-505C or 506C by the company Dow Corning, the apolar silicone oils mentioned above may be used as nonvolatile solvents, and volatile hydrocarbon-based oils such as C8 to C16 isoparaffins of the Isopar or Permetyl type, for example, isododecane, may be used as volatile solvent.
In other words, the nonvolatile solvents are good solvents for the polymer and the volatile solvents are poor solvents for the polymer.
The organic polymer can be a nonionic radical-mediated polymer belonging to the family of oil-superabsorbent materials, i.e., being able to take up as much as about 50 times its own weight of nonvolatile solvent. It is chosen, for example, from styrene homopolymers and copolymers and acrylic homopolymers and copolymers, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the polymer is a homopolymer or copolymer of at least one monomer chosen from styrene, alkyl styrenes wherein the alkyl group can be linear or branched and comprises 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl (meth)acrylates wherein the alkyl group can be linear or branched and comprises 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof. The polymer can be chosen, for example, from styrene/alkyl (meth)acrylates, poly(alkylstyrene)s and alkylstyrene/alkyl acrylates. The alkyl (meth)acrylates can be chosen from 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and isobutyl methacrylate. As examples of polymers which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of methylstyrene/2-ethylhexyl acrylate and styrene/2-ethylhexyl acrylate/isobutyl methacrylate copolymers and poly(alkylstyrene)s.
The polymer can be in crosslinked form. Crosslinking agents which may be used, for example, are monomers comprising at least 2 optionally conjugated ethylenic bonds. By way of example, mention may be made of polyenes such as butadiene, bismaleimide or bisacrylamide. This crosslinking agent is generally present in an amount which allows maximum crosslinking of the polymer, for example in a content ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the mixture (polymer/crosslinking agent).
Advantageously, the composition of the invention comprises at least one polymer which has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than 60° C., such as ranging from −100° C. to 60° C. The at least one polymer may be in the form of a dry powder having, for example, a particle size ranging from about 5 μm to about 600 μm, and in some embodiments from about 10 μm to about 450 μm.
As examples of crosslinked organic polymers which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of the commercial products Pliolite AC3-H (methylstyrene/2-ethylhexyl acrylate, with a Tg of 58-64° C., at 100% active material) and AC5-G (styrene/2-ethylhexyl acrylate/isobutyl methacrylate, with a Tg of 49-55° C. at 100% active material), which are sold by the company Goodyear, and the products Imbiber Beads (mixture of kaolin and of poly(alkylstyrene) with a particle size of 125-420 μm, in a 1/99 weight ratio) and Polymer 295 (poly(alkylstyrene) with a particle size of 10-15 μm, at 100% solids) which are sold by the company Imbibitive Technologies.
The amount of polymers can be such that, after the volatile solvents have evaporated off and possibly some or all of the formula has penetrated into the keratin materials, the deposit remaining on these keratin materials comprises at least about 5% of the total weight of the polymer combined with the solvents and nonvolatile oils. In practice, these polymers can generally be present, in terms of active material, in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments from about 5% to about 60%.
The invention can be used in make-up products for the skin of both the human face and body, including the scalp and the inner edge of the eyelids, the lips and superficial body growths such as the eyelashes, the eyebrows, the hair and the nails of human beings, and also in care and/or treatment products for the skin, the lips and superficial body growths.
The composition of the invention can be in the form of a paste, a solid or a cream. It can be a simple or multiple emulsion, for example, an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, or a solid or supple anhydrous gel. It can be in the form of an anhydrous gel. A gel has a consistency such that the composition does not flow under its own weight and such that the modulus of elasticity G* is greater than the viscous modulus G. This gel generally has a viscosity of greater than 1000 pascals measured at 25° C. with a Haake rheometer.
The composition can also be in solid form. For example, it can be cast as a stick or a dish.
The invention can also be in the form of a treating or nontreating, coloring or noncoloring shampoo, or a hair conditioning product.
The composition according to the invention can be in the form of a dermatological or care composition for the skin, the lips or superficial body growths or in the form of an antisun composition or a make-up-removing composition. It can be in uncolored form, optionally comprising cosmetic or dermatological active agents. It can be used as a care base for the skin or the lips (e.g., a lip balm for protecting the lips against the cold and/or sunlight and/or the wind, or a day or night cream) or a care base for the nails.
The composition of the invention can also be in the form of a colored make-up product for the skin, for example a foundation, a concealer product, an eyeliner, a face powder, an eye shadow or a make-up product for the lips such as a lipstick or lip gloss, which optionally has care or treating properties, or alternatively a make-up product for keratin fibers, such as mascaras.
Needless to say, the composition of the invention is generally cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable, i.e., nontoxic and able to be applied to the skin, superficial body growths or the lips of human beings.
The composition of the invention can further comprise a dyestuff chosen from water-soluble and liposoluble dyes, pigments and nacres, and mixtures thereof. This dyestuff can be present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments from about 1% to about 40%.
The composition can also comprise a particulate phase, which is generally present in a proportion ranging from about 0% to about 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments, from about 5% to about 35%. This particulate phase can comprise, besides pigments and/or nacres, fillers usually used in cosmetic or dermatological compositions.
The term “pigments” should be understood as meaning white or colored, mineral or organic particles, which are insoluble in liquid fatty phase and which are intended to color and/or opacify the composition. The term “fillers” should be understood as meaning colorless or white, mineral or synthetic, lamellar or nonlamellar particles. The term “nacres” should be understood as meaning iridescent particles, for example those produced by certain molluscs in their shell, or alternatively, those that are synthesized. These fillers and nacres can serve to modify the texture of the composition. For example, they can be structuring agents capable of giving a solid form.
The pigments may be present in the composition in a proportion ranging from about 0.05% to about 50% by weight relative to the weight of the final composition, and in some embodiments, in a proportion ranging from about 2% to about 30%. As mineral pigments which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and cerium oxide, as well as zinc oxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide and ferric blue. Among the organic pigments which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of carbon black and the lakes of barium, strontium, calcium (DC Red No. 7) and aluminum (DC Red No. 21 or FDC Yellow No. 6).
The nacres can be present in the composition in a proportion ranging from about 0% to about 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments, in a content ranging from about 1% to about 15%. Among the nacres which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of mica coated with titanium oxide, with iron oxide, with natural pigment and with bismuth oxychloride, such as colored titanium mica.
The fillers can be present in a proportion ranging from about 0% to about 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments from about 0.5% to about 20%. Mention may be made of talc, mica, kaolin, Nylon (for example Orgasol) powder, polyethylene powder, Teflon, starch, boron nitride, copolymer microspheres such as Expancel (Nobel Industrie), Polytrap (Dow Corning) and silicone resin microbeads (for example Tospearl from Toshiba).
The composition of the invention can also contain at least one wax, for example, to rigidify it. The wax(es) may be hydrocarbon-based waxes, fluoro waxes and/or silicone waxes and may be of plant, mineral, animal and/or synthetic origin. In one embodiment, the waxes have a melting point of greater than about 45° C.
As waxes which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of hydrocarbon-based waxes, silicone waxes and/or fluoro waxes optionally comprising ester, hydroxyl or thiol functions. Examples which may be mentioned are lanolin, beeswax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, paraffin, lignite wax, microcrystalline wax, ceresin or ozokerite, synthetic waxes such as polyethylene waxes, silicone waxes such as alkyl- or alkoxydimethicone comprising 16 to 45 carbon atoms, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, and mixtures thereof.
The nature and amount of the waxes used depend on the desired mechanical and texture properties. As a guide, the composition can generally contain from about 0% to about 50% by weight of waxes, relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments from about 5% to about 30%. These waxes can also be agents for structuring the composition.
The composition of the invention can also comprise one or more additives commonly used in the field concerned, such as antioxidants, essential oils, preserving agents, neutralizing agents, cosmetic or dermatological active agents such as, for example, emollients, moisturizers, vitamins, essential fatty acids, sunscreens and aqueous-phase gelling agents. These additives can be present in the composition in the usual concentrations, for example in a proportion ranging from about 0% to about 20% relative to the total weight of the composition, and in some embodiments from about 0% to about 10%.
Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will take care to select the optional additional additives and/or the amount thereof such that the advantageous properties of the composition according to the invention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by the addition envisaged.
The composition according to the invention can be manufactured by the known processes generally used in cosmetics or dermatology.
Another subject of the invention is a cosmetic process for caring for, making up or treating keratin materials such as the skin, the lips or superficial body growths such as the eyelashes and the hair of human beings, this process comprising the application of the composition defined above, to the keratin materials.
Another subject of the invention is the use of at least one organic polymer combined with at least one volatile solvent which is incompatible with the organic polymer and with a nonvolatile solvent which is compatible with the organic polymer, in a cosmetic composition or for the manufacture of a physiologically acceptable composition for topical application, to remodel the face and/or the body, for example the lips of the face, and/or to increase the volume of the lips of the face and/or to camouflage the esthetic imperfections and/or defects of keratin materials and/or to unify the complexion, for example in a long-lasting manner.
The invention is illustrated in greater detail in the non-limiting examples which follow. The percentages are given on a weight basis.
Preparation: The polymer was added to the mixture of volatile and nonvolatile oils at room temperature, after heating it to 60-80° C. while bubbling nitrogen through. A fluid mixture was obtained.
The volume of the polymer in the gel was 9% of the total volume. The volume of the polymer after evaporation of the isododecane was 100% of the total volume of the deposit. On applying this composition to the lips, they were observed to swell or to be made smooth after a few minutes, i.e., after evaporation of at least some of the isododecane. This effect was visible to the naked eye, by comparison with the application of a film-forming polymer alone which is soluble in isododecane, which gave a film that thins down in the course of the drying, such as, for example, long-chain alkanes or polymers that are dispersed and surface-stabilized by a stabilizer such as Kraton in isododecane (see patent application EP-A-0 749 747, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein).
This lipstick was manufactured as in Example 1.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 99 09265 | Jul 1999 | FR | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10621534 | Jul 2003 | US |
| Child | 11858633 | Sep 2007 | US |
| Parent | 09618031 | Jul 2000 | US |
| Child | 10621534 | Jul 2003 | US |
